CN117183999A - Battery swap stations and battery swap methods - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a power swapping station and a power swapping method. The power swapping station is used to replace the battery pack of an electric vehicle. It includes a main frame and a ceiling hoisting device. The ceiling hoisting device is movably disposed on the main frame and is disposed below the main frame. There is a battery swap area and a charging area, and the electric vehicle is located in the battery swap area; the mounting bracket is set on the upper part of the electric vehicle, the battery pack is detachably fixed on the mounting bracket, and the overhead equipment is used to place the battery pack in the charging area and Transfer between electric vehicle mounting brackets. When an electric vehicle needs to be replaced with a roof, the battery swap station can install the battery pack from above the vehicle at a higher position from the ground to ensure the operating efficiency of the electric vehicle, battery safety, and the service life of the battery. It is more suitable for electric agricultural operation vehicles. Usage scenarios, and the battery swap station can also charge the replaced battery pack, thereby improving the overall work efficiency of the battery swap station.

Description

Power exchange station and power exchange method

Technical Field

The specification relates to the technical field of power conversion, in particular to a power conversion station and a power conversion method.

Background

Electric energy plays a significant role in green development as a clean energy source. With the continuous development of battery technology, charging and electricity changing technology, various vehicles use electric energy as a substitute energy source of traditional petroleum fuel in various fields of production, transportation and the like, and various electric agricultural operation vehicles are also included. The electric energy supplementing form of the electric agricultural operation vehicle mainly comprises an autonomous charging scheme and a battery replacement scheme, wherein the electric energy supplementing time of the autonomous charging scheme is relatively long, and the vehicle cannot perform any operation in the charging process; the battery replacement scheme is that the battery is replaced for the electric vehicle, and the vehicle does not need to stop for a long time.

The requirement of agricultural operation on time is high, continuous agriculture is needed to be carried out frequently, particularly in busy seasons, the agricultural operation is seriously influenced by the fact that an agricultural operation vehicle stops, and therefore, the scheme of replacing batteries is an electric energy supplementing mode which meets the requirements of the agricultural operation. However, in the conventional power exchanging scheme, battery exchanging operation is usually performed from the side or the lower side of the electric vehicle, and since the agricultural vehicle is often operated in an environment of non-paved road surfaces such as farmland, woodland and the like, the battery with a lower installation position may be impacted by objects from the lower side or soaked by water on the ground to damage the battery, and the service life of the battery is affected, a power exchanging station and a power exchanging method which are more suitable for the use scene of the electric agricultural vehicle are needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention solves the problem that the battery pack with higher installation position on the electric agricultural operation vehicle cannot be conveniently and efficiently replaced in the prior art, and provides a power exchange station and a power exchange method, wherein the power exchange station can be used for replacing the battery pack from the upper part of the electric agricultural operation vehicle, so that the safety of a battery can be effectively protected, the service life of the battery is ensured, and the power exchange station is more suitable for the use field of the electric agricultural operation vehicle.

The invention provides the following technical scheme:

a power exchange station for exchanging a battery pack of an electric vehicle, the power exchange station comprising a main frame and a top hanging device, wherein the top hanging device is movably arranged on the main frame, a power exchange area and a charging area are arranged below the main frame, and the electric vehicle is positioned in the power exchange area; the mounting bracket is arranged on the upper part of the electric vehicle, the battery pack is detachably fixed on the mounting bracket, and the overhead crane is used for transferring the battery pack between the charging area and the mounting bracket of the electric vehicle.

In the scheme, through setting up the main frame in the power conversion station to with the region of changing electricity and the region of charging set up in the below of main frame, when electric vehicle need carry out the operation of changing electricity, electric vehicle stops in the region of changing electricity, the top hanging device is along main frame removal with the battery package of waiting to change on the electric vehicle hoist and mount to the region of charging charge, then hoist available battery package in the region of charging to electric vehicle's mounting bracket, the power conversion station can respond electric vehicle's electric energy replenishment demand, install the battery package in the higher position from ground above the vehicle, guarantee electric vehicle's operating efficiency and battery safety, guarantee the life of battery, more be fit for electric agricultural operation vehicle's service scenario, and the power conversion station still charges for the battery package of changing down, thereby improve the whole work efficiency of power conversion station.

In the above technical solution, more preferably, the charging area and the power exchanging area are arranged along a length direction of the power exchanging station.

In the scheme, the charging area and the power exchanging area are arranged along the length direction of the power exchanging station, the main frame of the power exchanging station is in a straight line, the lifting equipment is facilitated to move along the straight line, the moving distance of the lifting equipment during power exchanging operation is facilitated to be shortened, the time of power exchanging operation is shortened, and the power exchanging efficiency is improved.

In the above technical solution, more preferably, the charging area includes at least two charging stations, and a plurality of the charging stations are respectively disposed on two sides of the power conversion area.

In the scheme, through setting up a plurality of charging stations in the both sides of trading the electric region, the overhead traveling crane can select idle charging stations to place the battery package of dismantling from electric vehicle nearby from the charging stations of both sides to in the operation process that many electric vehicles traded the electricity, overhead traveling crane can use the charging stations of both sides in turn, in order to reduce total removal distance, thereby improve holistic trading electric operation efficiency.

In the above technical solution, more preferably, the top hanging device includes a first top hanging device and a second top hanging device, where the first top hanging device and the second top hanging device are respectively disposed at two sides of the power conversion area, and the top hanging device located at one side where the idle charging station exists is the first top hanging device;

The first overhead crane is used for transferring a battery pack to be replaced on the electric vehicle to the idle charging station, and the second overhead crane is used for transferring an available battery pack in the charging station to the electric vehicle.

In the scheme, through setting up two top hanging equipment, one of them is responsible for demolishing the battery package of waiting to trade from electric vehicle and remove it to idle station that charges and carry out the operation of charging, and another is responsible for will snatch available battery package on the station that charges and install it to electric vehicle's mounting bracket, and two top hanging equipment synchronous cooperation operations can further improve the efficiency of changing electricity.

In the above technical solution, more preferably, the power exchange station further includes a maintenance area, where the maintenance area is disposed adjacent to the charging area and is located at a side of the charging area away from the power exchange area.

In the scheme, the independent maintenance area is arranged in the power exchange station to provide a special place for the battery pack to be maintained, and the maintenance area is located at a position far away from the power exchange area, so that the power exchange operation and the maintenance operation are not affected by each other, the maintenance operation is far away from the power exchange area where the electric vehicle runs, and the safety of the maintenance operation is guaranteed.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the charging area is also provided with the mounting bracket, and the overhead crane is used for transferring the battery pack between the mounting bracket of the charging area and the mounting bracket on the electric vehicle.

In the scheme, the mounting bracket with the same structure as that of the electric vehicle is arranged in the charging area, so that the structure is good in consistency and universality, the use scene of the mounting bracket is determined according to the use requirement, mass production of the mounting bracket is facilitated, and the research and development time and the production cost are saved.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the power exchange station further comprises a positioning device for positioning the electric vehicle so as to align the electric vehicle with the overhead crane.

In the scheme, the positioning device is arranged to guide the electric vehicle to stop at the preset position of the power exchange area, so that the electric vehicle and the top hanging equipment are aligned conveniently, when the electric vehicle is positioned at the preset position, the top hanging equipment executes hanging operation according to a preset hanging operation program, the time for adjusting the relative position of the top hanging equipment and the battery pack is reduced, and the efficiency of the power exchange operation can be further improved.

In the above technical solution, more preferably, the positioning device includes at least one of a wheel positioning device, a vehicle body positioning device, a laser positioning device, and a vision positioning device.

In the scheme, the wheel positioning device, the vehicle body positioning device, the laser positioning device and the vision positioning device are rich in model selection, and the types and the using methods of the positioning devices can be flexibly selected according to vehicles of different vehicle types and different sizes so as to finish the positioning operation of the vehicles.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the battery pack includes a battery pack bracket and a battery module; the battery module is fixedly arranged in the battery pack support, a concave part is arranged in the middle of the lower side of the battery pack support, and the lower surface of the concave part is used for bearing the second battery pack on the mounting bracket.

In the above scheme, through being provided with the depressed part at the downside middle part of battery package support, this depressed part undercut, when the installation battery package, the lower surface of depressed part bears in the mounting bracket to the both sides of mounting bracket are held simultaneously to the opposite both sides of depressed part, thereby form stable bearing structure.

In the above technical scheme, more preferably, the battery package support includes the gallows and install in the battery mounting bracket of gallows bottom, the gallows be used for with the top hanging equipment is connected, be provided with in the battery mounting bracket and be used for placing battery module's battery and place the layer, battery module has been placed in the battery is placed the layer.

In the scheme, through setting up gallows and battery mounting bracket for gallows and battery mounting bracket's function mutually independent, the gallows is located and is convenient for carry out the hoist and mount operation, and battery mounting bracket is located the below, is favorable to reducing the focus of battery.

In the above technical scheme, more preferably, the battery pack further comprises a first electric connector, the battery module is connected to the first electric connector, the first electric connector is arranged on the lower surface of the concave portion, and a second electric connector for being in butt joint with the first electric connector is arranged on the upper surface of the mounting bracket.

In the scheme, through setting up two electric connectors that mutually support at battery module and mounting bracket, in the installation of battery package, when the depressed part of battery package bears at the mounting bracket, two electric connectors accomplish electric connection, need not to carry out other electric connection operations to further improve the efficiency of trading electric operation, shorten the time of trading electric operation.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the second electrical connector in the mounting bracket of the electric vehicle is electrically connected with a power system of the electric vehicle;

and/or a second electrical connector in the mounting bracket of the charging area is electrically connected with the charging device of the battery exchange station.

In the above-described aspect, the battery pack is enabled to supply power to the electric vehicle by electrically connecting the second electrical connector to the power device of the electric vehicle, and/or the battery pack is enabled to obtain electric energy required for charging from the battery exchange station by electrically connecting the second electrical connector to the charging device in the battery exchange station.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the power exchange station further includes a floating member, and the first electrical connector and/or the second electrical connector are/is disposed on the floating member; the floating component is used for driving the electric connector arranged on the floating component to move when the first electric connector is in butt joint with the second electric connector.

In the above scheme, the floating component is arranged on at least one of the first electric connector and the second electric connector, so that when the first electric connector and the second electric connector are connected with each other, the floating component can automatically adjust the relative position between the two electric connectors, thereby facilitating the alignment of the two electric connectors and enabling the two electric connectors to form stable and reliable electric connection.

In the above technical scheme, more preferably, the battery pack further comprises a liquid cooling device, and the liquid cooling device is communicated with the liquid cooling pipeline of the battery module.

In the scheme, the liquid cooling device is arranged to release heat energy generated in a working state or a charging state for the battery module, so that the safety of the battery module and the battery pack is guaranteed.

In the above technical scheme, more preferably, the battery pack further comprises a locking mechanism, the locking mechanism is used for locking the battery pack on the mounting bracket, an unlocking part is arranged on the overhead crane, the unlocking part is correspondingly arranged with the locking mechanism of the battery pack, and the unlocking part acts on the locking mechanism to enable the locking mechanism to switch between an unlocking state and a locking state.

In the scheme, the top hanging equipment is provided with the unlocking part, the battery pack is provided with the locking mechanism corresponding to the unlocking part, and when the top hanging equipment descends, the unlocking part acts on the locking mechanism on the battery pack to enable the locking mechanism to move from a preset locking position to a preset unlocking position so as to unlock the battery pack; when the overhead crane vertically ascends, the unlocking part is separated from the locking mechanism, the locking mechanism returns to a preset locking position to move, the battery pack returns to a locking state, and through the arrangement of the structure, the locking and unlocking actions of the battery pack are combined in the vertical movement process of the overhead crane, so that the power conversion operation efficiency is improved.

In the above technical scheme, more preferably, the locking mechanism comprises a compression bar, a reversing plate, a pull rod and a locking piece, and the compression bar, the reversing plate, the pull rod and the locking piece are sequentially connected;

when the top hanging equipment releases the battery pack, the pull rod drives the locking piece to move into a locking position when the pressure rod is not acted by the acting force of the unlocking part, so that the locking piece is in a locking state;

when the top hanging equipment hangs the battery pack, the pressure bar is acted by the unlocking part, the pressure bar drives the reversing plate to rotate so as to pull the pull rod to drive the locking piece to move out of the locking position, and the locking piece is in an unlocking state.

In the scheme, the stress state of the pressing rod is transmitted to the locking piece through the linkage structure among the pressing rod, the reversing plate, the pull rod and the locking piece, and when the pressing rod is not pushed by external force, the pull rod drives the locking piece to move into the locking position, so that the battery pack is fixed; when the compression bar is pushed by external force, the first end of the compression bar pushes against one end of the reversing plate, the reversing plate rotates, and the other end of the reversing plate drives the pull rod to move, so that the pull rod drives the locking piece to move out of the locking position, and the battery pack is unlocked. Through the structure, the state that the compression bar is pushed by external force is distinguished, and the locking piece enters or moves out of the locking position, so that the battery pack is locked and unlocked, the locking and unlocking modes are simple, and the locking effect is stable and reliable.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the mounting bracket further includes a locking mating portion, and when the locking member moves into the locking position, an upper surface of the locking member abuts against a lower surface of the locking mating portion, so as to lock the battery pack on the mounting bracket.

In the scheme, through setting up the locking cooperation portion with locking piece complex on the mounting bracket, the upper surface of locking piece and the lower surface butt of locking cooperation portion when the locking, the locking is convenient with unlocking mode, and locking structure is firm.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the lifting device includes a moving mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a lifting mechanism;

the moving mechanism is slidably mounted on a track of the main frame so as to move along the track; the lifting mechanism is movably arranged below the moving mechanism through the lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism drives the lifting mechanism to move along the direction close to or far away from the moving mechanism.

In the scheme, the moving mechanism, the lifting mechanism and the lifting mechanism are independent in function and cooperate with each other, the lifting mechanism can move in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and the battery pack can be conveniently grabbed and released through the lifting mechanism, so that the battery pack can be detached and/or installed from the upper side of the electric vehicle.

The invention also provides a power exchanging method for the power exchanging station, which comprises the following steps:

controlling the top hanging equipment to hang a battery pack to be replaced from a mounting bracket of the electric vehicle;

transferring the battery pack to be replaced to a charging area of a power exchange station;

controlling the overhead crane to grasp available battery packs in the battery exchange station from the charging area;

hoisting the available battery pack to a mounting bracket of the electric vehicle;

the available battery pack is a battery pack with a charging amount reaching a preset threshold value.

In the scheme, the battery pack is detached and/or installed for the electric vehicle in a hoisting mode, so that the battery pack can be conveniently and rapidly replaced, and can be installed above the electric vehicle, so that the battery pack is far away from the ground, the service life of the battery pack is ensured, and the installation mode is suitable for the use scene of the electric agricultural operation vehicle.

In the above technical solution, preferably, before the step of controlling the top hanging device to hang the battery pack to be replaced from the mounting bracket of the electric vehicle, the power replacing method further includes:

controlling the electric vehicle to enter the power conversion area;

Positioning the electric vehicle;

and controlling the electric vehicle to be aligned with the top crane mechanism according to the positioning result.

In the scheme, the electric vehicle entering the power conversion area is positioned, so that the electric vehicle is stopped at the preset position of the power conversion area, the electric vehicle is aligned with the top hanging equipment, the top hanging equipment can conveniently execute hanging operation, the time for adjusting the relative position of the top hanging equipment and the battery pack is reduced, and the efficiency of the power conversion operation can be further improved.

Compared with the prior art, the at least one technical scheme adopted by the invention has the beneficial effects that at least the beneficial effects comprise:

according to the invention, the battery pack is arranged above the electric vehicle through the mounting bracket fixed above the electric vehicle, and is higher from the ground position, so that the electric vehicle is more suitable for the use scene of farming and other operations of the electric agricultural operation vehicle on a non-paved road surface with a complex ground environment, the main frame, the top hanging equipment and the electricity exchanging area and the charging area positioned below the main frame are arranged in the electricity exchanging station, when the vehicle stops in the electricity exchanging area, the electricity exchanging station can conveniently use the top hanging equipment to perform the operation of exchanging the battery pack from the upper side of the electric vehicle, namely, the battery pack to be exchanged on the mounting bracket is grabbed, the battery pack is hoisted to the charging area of the electricity exchanging station for charging, and the available battery pack is grabbed from the charging area and hoisted to the mounting bracket of the electric vehicle.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic elevation view of an embodiment of a charging station with a overhead crane;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a charging station with two overhead cranes;

FIG. 3 is a schematic elevation view of an embodiment of a charging station with two overhead cranes;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a charging station with two overhead hanging apparatuses according to one embodiment;

fig. 5 is a perspective view of an electric tractor with a battery pack mounted thereto according to one embodiment;

fig. 6 is a perspective view of a battery pack of an embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of a battery pack of one embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a mounting bracket of an embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a top perspective view of a floating disc of one embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a floating disc along the length of a link;

FIG. 11 is a schematic side view of a top hanging apparatus of one embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a bottom perspective view of a top hanging apparatus of one embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a lifting mechanism of one embodiment;

FIG. 14 is an enlarged partial schematic view of an embodiment of a detent shaft;

FIG. 15 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a latch shaft;

FIG. 16 is a bottom perspective view of a mounting bracket of one embodiment;

FIG. 17 is a flow chart of a power conversion method;

fig. 18 is a flow chart of a power conversion method including a vehicle positioning process.

Wherein 10, a power exchanging station, 11, a rail, 12, a ground bracket, 15, a main frame, 16, a power exchanging area, 17, a charging area, 170, a charging station, 18, a maintenance area, 20, a top hanging device, 21, a first top hanging device, 210, a moving mechanism, 211, a second positioning part, 212, a first middle beam, 214, a second driving device, 215, an output end, 216, a second motor, 217, a second driving device, 217, a rail wheel, 22, a second top hanging device, 220, a lifting mechanism, 227, a connecting rope, 230, a hanging mechanism, 231, a hanging frame, 232, a connecting part, 235, an unlocking part, 250, a first guiding device, 251, a first guiding surface, 30, an electric vehicle, 40, a battery pack, 401, a battery module, 402, a liquid cooling pipeline, 411, a second locking inclined surface, 412, a locking pin shaft 413, an unlocking plate, 414, a chute, 46, first electrical connector 48, first guide portion, 481, first sliding guide surface, 49, first guide hole, 490, battery pack holder, 491, hanger, 492, first waist-shaped hole, 493, liquid cooling device, 495, recess portion, 496, battery mount, 497, battery placement layer, 500, locking mechanism, 51, pressure lever, 52, reversing plate, 53, pull rod, 600, mounting bracket, 60, bracket body, 61, frame (Q is nothing, care main frame 15), 610, locking engagement portion, 611, first locking slope, 62, connecting post, 621, connecting plate, 63, support plate, 65, floating member, 651, floating platform, 652, fixing frame, 653, connecting rod, 654, nut, 655, spring, 656, second waist-shaped hole, 658, ball, 659, screw hole, 66, second electrical connector, 67 second guiding locating pin, 68, first fixing guide surface, 69, the first guiding and positioning taper pin.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Other advantages and effects of the present application will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present application with reference to specific examples. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the application. The application may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present application. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.

It is noted that various aspects of the embodiments are described below within the scope of the following claims. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein may be embodied in a wide variety of forms and that any specific structure and/or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on the present disclosure, one skilled in the art will appreciate that one aspect described herein may be implemented independently of any other aspect, and that two or more of these aspects may be combined in various ways. For example, apparatus may be implemented and/or methods practiced using any number and aspects set forth herein. In addition, such apparatus may be implemented and/or such methods practiced using other structure and/or functionality in addition to one or more of the aspects set forth herein.

It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic concept of the present application by way of illustration, and only the components related to the present application are shown in the drawings and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the form, number and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.

In addition, in the following description, specific details are provided in order to provide a thorough understanding of the examples. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the aspects may be practiced without these specific details.

The pollution of the traditional vehicles to the atmosphere environment by using petroleum as fuel is more and more serious, and in order to reduce the pollution to the atmosphere environment and the continuous development of battery technology, charging and electricity changing technology, various vehicles use electric energy as the alternative energy of the traditional petroleum fuel in various fields of production, transportation and the like, and various electric agricultural operation vehicles are also included.

The electric energy supplementing form of the electric agricultural operation vehicle mainly comprises an autonomous charging scheme and a battery replacement scheme, wherein the electric energy supplementing time of the autonomous charging scheme is relatively long, and the vehicle cannot perform any operation in the charging process; the battery replacement scheme is that the battery is replaced for the electric vehicle, and the vehicle does not need to stop for a long time. The requirement of agricultural operation on time is high, continuous agriculture is needed to be carried out frequently, particularly in busy seasons, the agricultural operation is seriously influenced by the fact that an agricultural operation vehicle stops, and therefore, the scheme of replacing batteries is an electric energy supplementing mode which meets the requirements of the agricultural operation.

The agricultural operation vehicle works in non-paved road environments such as farmlands, woodlands and the like, and the battery pack and the battery bracket are not fixed and can slide relatively, so that the battery can be possibly dropped; if fully secured, it is inconvenient to replace the battery pack, and therefore the battery pack needs to be detachably secured to the agricultural work vehicle. In addition, during agricultural operation, the battery may be damaged by being impacted by an object from below or soaked by water accumulated on the ground, so that the battery is damaged, and in order to protect the battery, namely to prolong the service life of the battery, the battery needs to be installed at a position far away from the ground, but the conventional battery replacement scheme is mainly used for executing battery replacement operation from the side or the lower side of the electric vehicle, so that the battery pack replacement operation from the upper side of the electric vehicle is inconvenient, and the battery is inconvenient to install at a position on the vehicle which is high away from the ground. Therefore, there is a need for an efficient power conversion station and a power conversion method that can perform a power conversion operation from above an electric vehicle.

[ example 1 ]

The embodiment discloses a power exchange station for replacing a battery pack of an electric vehicle. In the present embodiment, the electric vehicle is exemplified by an electric tractor, and as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the power exchanging station 10 includes a main frame 15 and a top hanging device 20, wherein the top hanging device 20 is movably arranged on the main frame 15, a power exchanging area 16 and a charging area 17 are arranged below the main frame 15, and the electric vehicle 30 is located in the power exchanging area 16; the mounting bracket 600 is provided at an upper portion of the electric vehicle 30, the battery pack 40 is detachably fixed to the mounting bracket 600, and the overhead hoist 20 is used to transfer the battery pack 40 between the charging area 17 and the mounting bracket 600 of the electric vehicle 30.

The following examples are discussed:

specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, a main frame 15 is provided in the power exchange station 10, the main frame 15 includes a ground bracket 12 and a rail 11 mounted above the ground bracket 12, a power exchange area 16 and a charging area 17 are provided under the main frame 15, wherein the power exchange area 16 is used for parking a power exchange vehicle 30 in a power exchange operation, and a plurality of mounting brackets 31 are provided in the charging area 17 for storing a battery pack 40 and charging the battery pack 40.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the electric vehicle 30 is provided with a mounting bracket 600, and a lower central position of the battery pack 40 is recessed upward, forming a recess 495 to be fitted with the shape of the mounting bracket 600, so that the battery pack 40 is mounted on the electric vehicle 30.

As shown in fig. 7, the power exchange station 10 further includes a top hanging device 20 slidably mounted on the rail 11 and movable on the rail 11, the top hanging device 20 being used to hang the battery pack 40 and transfer the battery pack 40 between the charging area 17 and the mounting bracket 600 of the electric vehicle 30, i.e., at the time of a power exchange operation, the top hanging device 20 removes the battery pack 40 to be exchanged from the electric vehicle 30 parked in the power exchange area 16 and installs the usable battery pack 40 for the electric vehicle 30 parked under the rail 11, wherein the usable battery pack 40 is a battery pack charged in the power exchange station 10 beyond a preset power amount threshold.

It should be noted that a plurality of main frames 15 may be provided in the same power exchanging station 10 according to the number of electric vehicles and the scale of agricultural work, wherein a power exchanging area 16 and a charging area 17 are provided under each main frame 15 to simultaneously perform power exchanging work for a plurality of electric vehicles 30.

It should be noted that, a plurality of power exchanging areas 16 and charging areas 17 may be provided under the same main frame 15, and a plurality of overhead cranes 20 are slidably mounted on the main frame 15 to simultaneously perform power exchanging operations for a plurality of electric vehicles 30.

In the above scheme, by arranging the main frame 15 in the power exchange station 10 and arranging the power exchange area 16 and the charging area 17 below the main frame 15, when the electric vehicle 30 needs to perform power exchange operation, the electric vehicle 30 stops at the power exchange area 16, the overhead traveling equipment 20 moves along the main frame 15 to hoist the battery pack 40 to be exchanged on the electric vehicle 30 to the charging area 16 for charging, then hoist the available battery pack 40 in the charging area 16 to the mounting bracket 600 of the electric vehicle 30, and by arranging the power exchange station 10, the battery pack 40 can be mounted at a position higher than the ground from above the electric vehicle 30 in response to the power exchange requirement of the electric vehicle 40, thereby ensuring the operation efficiency of the electric vehicle 30 and the safety of the battery pack 40, ensuring the service life of the battery, being more suitable for the use scene of the electric agricultural operation vehicle, and the power exchange station 10 also charging the exchanged battery pack 40, thereby improving the overall working efficiency of the power exchange station 10.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the main frame 15 is rectilinear, i.e. the power exchange station 10 is established following the rectilinear direction of the main frame 15, and the power exchange area 16 and the charging area 17 are arranged below the main frame 15, in which case the charging area 17 and the power exchange area 16 are arranged along the length direction of the power exchange station 10.

In the above-described scheme, by arranging the charging area 17 and the power exchanging area 16 along the length direction of the power exchanging station 10, the main frame 15 of the power exchanging station 10 is in a straight line shape, which is advantageous for the movement of the overhead crane 20 along the straight line, and for shortening the movement distance of the overhead crane 20 during the power exchanging operation, thereby reducing the time of the power exchanging operation.

It should be noted that the main frame 15 may be configured in other forms such as a ring shape or a curve shape, so as to adapt to different environments.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the power exchange station 10 further includes a charging station 170 for charging the battery pack 40, at least two charging stations 170 are disposed in the charging area 17, and the power exchange area 16 of the power exchange station 10 is located in a middle position, so that the charging area 17 is located at two sides of the power exchange area 16, that is, the charging stations 170 are respectively disposed at two sides of the power exchange area 16.

In the above-described arrangement, by disposing the charging stations 170 on both sides of the power exchanging region 16, the electric vehicle 30 is stopped at the intermediate position of the power exchanging station 10, the overhead traveling apparatus 20 can place the battery packs 40 detached from the electric vehicle 30 from the charging stations 170 on both sides in the vicinity of the free charging stations 170, and then select the available battery packs 40 from the charging stations 170 on both sides in the vicinity of the available battery packs 40 to be mounted on the electric vehicle 40. In addition, in the case of a plurality of vehicles for power exchange, for example, in a specific embodiment, for a power exchange station 10 provided with a plurality of charging stations 170, each side of the power exchange area 16 is provided with at least 10 charging stations 170, and the crane 20 moves back and forth on both sides of the power exchange area 16, so that the total moving distance can be reduced, and the overall power exchange efficiency can be improved.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, in order to cooperate with a plurality of charging stations 170 arranged on both sides of the power exchanging area 16, the power exchanging station 10 is provided with two top hanging devices 20, i.e. the power exchanging station 10 is provided with a first top hanging device 21 and a second top hanging device 22, and the first top hanging device 21 and the second top hanging device 22 are respectively arranged on both sides of the power exchanging area 16 by taking the power exchanging area 16 as a boundary.

By setting the charging scheme of the battery exchange station 10, at least one of the charging stations 170 remains idle for placing the battery packs 40 detached from the electric vehicle 30 during the battery exchange. Is a device that cooperates with the free charging station 170 and is located in the power change area 17 where the free charging station 170 is located. The first top hanging device 21 is used for hanging the battery pack 40 from the idle charging station 170, and works in cooperation with the first top hanging device 21, the second top hanging device 22 is used for hanging the available battery pack 40 in the charging station 170 located at the other side of the power exchanging area onto the electric vehicle 30.

In the above-mentioned scheme, through setting up first overhead hoist 21 and second overhead hoist 22 simultaneously, first overhead hoist 21 is exclusively used in demolishing battery package 40 that waits to change and moves it to idle charging station 170 and charge the operation, and second overhead hoist 22 is responsible for will snatch available battery package 40 on the charging station and install it on electric vehicle 30's mounting bracket 600, and two overhead hoist synchronous cooperation operations can further improve the conversion efficiency.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the power plant 10 further comprises a service area 18, the service area 18 being disposed adjacent to the charging area 17, and the service area 18 being located on a side of the charging area 17 remote from the power conversion area 16.

For example, when the power exchanging station 15 is provided with the power exchanging area 16 at a middle position, that is, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the charging areas 17 are located at two sides of the power exchanging area 16, and the maintenance areas 18 are located at least at one of two ends of the power exchanging station 15. Alternatively, when the replacement electric area 16 is provided at one end of the battery 15 (not shown in the figure), the middle area of the battery 15 is the charging area 17, and the other end of the battery 15 is the maintenance area 18.

In the above-mentioned scheme, by providing the independent maintenance area 18 in the power exchange station 10, a special place is provided for the battery pack 40 to be maintained, and the maintenance area 18 is located at a position far away from the power exchange area 16, so that the power exchange operation and the maintenance operation are not affected by each other, the maintenance operation is far away from the power exchange area where the electric vehicle runs, and the safety of the maintenance operation is ensured.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, not only the mounting bracket 600 is provided on the electric vehicle 30, but also the mounting bracket 600 having the same structure as the mounting bracket 600 to which the electric vehicle 30 is fixed is provided in the power exchanging area 17, and at this time, the overhead traveling apparatus 20 is used to transfer the battery pack 40 between the mounting bracket 600 of the charging area 17 and the mounting bracket 600 on the electric vehicle 30, and perform the hanging work of the battery pack 40 to be exchanged and the available battery pack 40.

In the above scheme, by arranging the mounting bracket 600 with the same structure as the electric vehicle 30 in the charging area 17, the consistency and the universality of the structure are good, the use scene of the mounting bracket 600 is determined according to the use requirement, the mass production of the mounting bracket 600 is facilitated, and the research and development time and the production cost are saved.

In other embodiments, the power exchange station 10 further comprises positioning means mounted in the power exchange area 16 or at a position on the main frame 15 corresponding to the power exchange area 16, the positioning means being used for positioning the electric vehicle 30, the power exchange vehicle 30 being aligned with the overhead crane 20 under the guidance of the positioning means when the electric vehicle 30 is driven into the power exchange area.

In the above-mentioned scheme, by setting the positioning device to guide the electric vehicle 30 to stop at the predetermined position of the power exchanging area 16, the alignment of the electric vehicle 30 and the overhead hoist 20 is facilitated, when the electric vehicle 30 is at the predetermined position, the overhead hoist 20 performs the hoisting operation according to the preset hoisting operation program, and the time for adjusting the position of the overhead hoist 20 relative to the battery pack 40 is reduced, so that the efficiency of the power exchanging operation can be further improved.

Preferably, the positioning device includes: at least one of a wheel positioning device, a vehicle body positioning device, a laser positioning device and a vision positioning device.

The positioning device may be a positioning device in a physical contact manner, for example, a wheel positioning device installed on the ground of the power exchanging area 16, and the positioning device comprises any one of an impedance block with a lifting function, a lifting column and a wheel positioning groove recessed downwards, and the positioning of the vehicle is completed by limiting the position of the wheel; for example, a car body positioning device installed below the main frame 15 includes a telescopic rod with a flexible end, and the flexible end touches the car head to position the car.

The positioning device may be a positioning device of a non-physical contact type, such as a laser positioning device or a visual positioning device, for example, by mounting a laser probe or a visual probe on the main frame 15, scanning the vehicle body position or the wheel position of the electric vehicle, and determining whether the electric vehicle 30 is at a preset stop position, or may be communicated with an alarm device for prompting the deviation of the electric vehicle 30 from the preset stop position.

In the scheme, the wheel positioning device, the vehicle body positioning device, the laser positioning device and the vision positioning device are rich in model selection, and the types and the using methods of the positioning devices can be flexibly selected according to vehicles of different vehicle types and different sizes so as to finish the positioning operation of the vehicles.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the battery pack 40 includes a battery pack holder 490 and a battery module 401; the battery module 401 is fixedly arranged in the battery pack bracket 490, a concave portion 495 is arranged in the middle of the lower side of the battery pack bracket 490, and the lower surface of the concave portion 495 is used for bearing the second battery pack 40 on the mounting bracket 600.

Specifically, the first bracket, the middle bracket and the second bracket are sequentially arranged from one end to the other end of the battery pack bracket 490, and the first bracket, the middle bracket and the second bracket are connected with each other through a fixing flange and a high-strength bolt or are connected to the battery pack bracket 490 to form an integral structure, and the battery module 401 is installed in at least one of the first bracket, the middle bracket and the second bracket. The length of the middle bracket along the running direction of the electric vehicle 40 is greater than the length of the first bracket and the second bracket positioned at two sides along the running direction of the electric vehicle 40, and the length of the middle bracket along the vertical direction is smaller than the length of the first bracket and/or the second bracket along the vertical direction, by the arrangement of the structure, the concave part 495 is formed at the middle part of the battery pack bracket 490, and the lower surface of the concave part 495 is borne on the mounting bracket 600 so as to mount the battery pack 40 on the mounting bracket 600.

In the above-described aspect, by providing the recess 495 in the middle of the lower side of the battery pack holder 490, the recess 495 is upwardly recessed, when the battery pack 40 is mounted, the lower surface of the recess 495 is supported by the mounting bracket 600, and the opposite sides of the recess 495 are simultaneously clamped at the both sides of the mounting bracket 600, thereby forming a stable supporting structure.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the battery pack support 490 includes a hanger 491 mounted on an upper portion of the battery pack support 490, and a battery mounting bracket 496 mounted on a bottom portion of the hanger 491, the battery mounting bracket 496 including a first support, a middle support, and a second support. And, the first bracket, the middle bracket, and the second bracket are sequentially connected from one end to the other end of the hanger 491, similar to the above embodiment, and the first bracket, the middle bracket, and the second bracket may be connected below the hanger 491 through a fixing flange and a high-strength bolt, thereby forming an integral structure, and a battery placement layer 497 is disposed in at least one of the first bracket, the middle bracket, and the second bracket, for placing the battery module 401.

The length of the intermediate bracket may be set to match the length of the mounting bracket 600 on the electric vehicle 30, and the length of the intermediate bracket is not limited to be longer than the lengths of the first bracket and the second bracket on both sides.

In other embodiments, the battery pack 40 may be provided without an intermediate bracket, and the first bracket and the second bracket may be fixed to both ends of the hanger 491.

In the above scheme, through setting up gallows 491 and battery mounting bracket 496 for gallows 491 and battery mounting bracket 496's function mutually independent, gallows 491 is located and is convenient for carry out the hoist and mount operation, and battery mounting bracket 496 is located the below, is favorable to reducing the focus of the battery.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 8, the mounting bracket 600 includes a bracket body 60 and a support plate 63, wherein the bracket body 60 further includes a frame 61 and a connection post 62, the frame 61 is mounted on the electric vehicle by the connection post 62, and the frame 61 is rectangular in shape. The support plate 63 is provided on the frame on the end surface of the frame 61 facing the battery pack 40, i.e., the upper end surface of the frame 61.

By providing the rectangular frame 61, not only structural strength can be ensured, but also the rectangular structure can be easily entered into the recess 495 from below the battery pack 40, so that the battery pack 40 is stably supported by the mounting bracket 600.

As shown in fig. 8, a connection plate 621 may be provided at the lower end of the connection post 62, that is, at one end connected to the electric vehicle 30, and the connection post 62 may be connected to the electric vehicle 30 via the connection plate 621. The specific shape of the connection plate 621 may be set to be mutually adapted to the shape of the installation site; the connecting plate can be arranged on the electric vehicle in a threaded connection, welding, clamping connection and other modes.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 6 and 8, the first guide 48 is provided at an edge position under the battery pack 40, the first guide 48 is of a plate-shaped structure and is bent from top to bottom in a direction gradually away from the battery pack 40, so that a first sliding guide surface 481 is formed at an end surface of the first guide 48 near the battery pack 40, while the first fixing guide surface 68 is mounted at a side of the mounting bracket 600, and when the battery pack 40 is mounted, the first fixing guide surface 18 is in sliding contact with a surface of the first sliding guide surface 281 to guide the battery pack 200 to move to a predetermined position on the battery pack mounting bracket 100.

The first fixing guide 68 is slidably matched with the first sliding guide surface 481 on the first guide part 48 of the battery pack, so that the installation guide is provided for the battery pack in a sliding contact mode, the guide resistance of the guide structure is small, and the guide structure is simple.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 8, the bracket body 60 may be further provided with a first guide positioning taper pin 69 facing the battery pack 40, and a first guide hole is provided under the battery pack 40, and the first guide positioning taper pin 69 enters the first guide hole when the battery pack 40 is assembled.

In other embodiments, the battery pack 40 is further provided with a first electrical connector 46 for electrically connecting with the electric vehicle 40, specifically, the first electrical connector 46 is disposed on the lower surface of the recess 495, and is electrically connected with the battery module 401, and in order to mate with the first electrical connector 46, as shown in fig. 8, the upper surface of the mounting bracket 600 is provided with a second electrical connector 66, the second electrical connector 66 is disposed corresponding to the first electrical connector, and a stable electrical connection is formed between the two electrical connectors during the descent and final installation of the battery pack 40 in the mounting bracket 600.

It should be noted that the number of the first electrical connectors 46 and the second electrical connectors 66 may be flexibly set according to the power demand of the electric vehicle 30 or according to the charging demand of the battery exchange station.

It should also be noted that a second guide locating taper pin 67 may also be provided on the upper surface of the mounting bracket 600 to provide horizontal guidance when mating the first electrical connector 46 with the second electrical connector 66.

In the above-mentioned scheme, through setting up two electric connectors that mutually support at battery module 401 and mounting bracket 600, in the installation of battery package 40, when the depressed part 495 of battery package 40 bears at mounting bracket 600, two electric connectors accomplish electric connection, need not to carry out other electric connection operations to further improve the efficiency of trading the electric power operation, shorten the time of trading the electric power operation.

In other embodiments, the second electrical connector 66 is disposed in a mounting bracket 600 on the electric vehicle 40, and the second electrical connector 66 is electrically connected with the power system of the electric vehicle 30 to provide electrical energy to the electric vehicle 30.

In other embodiments, the second electrical connector 66 is disposed in the mounting bracket 600 of the charging area 17, and the second electrical connector 66 is electrically connected with the charging device of the battery exchange station 10 to supplement the battery pack 40 with electrical energy through the charging device.

In the above-described aspect, the battery pack 40 is enabled to supply power to the electric vehicle 30 by electrically connecting the second electrical connector 66 to the power device of the electric vehicle 30, and/or the battery pack 40 is enabled to obtain electric energy required for charging from the battery exchange station by electrically connecting the second electrical connector 66 to the charging device in the battery exchange station.

In other embodiments, the power exchange station 10 further includes a floating member 65, the floating member 65 being disposed at a lower surface of the recess 495, the floating member 65 having the first electrical connector 46 mounted to a lower surface thereof.

Similarly, in other embodiments, as shown in fig. 8, a floating member 65 may be provided on the upper surface of the mounting bracket 600, and a second electrical connector 66 is mounted on the lower surface of the floating member 65.

Specifically, there is provided a specific structure of a floating disc, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the floating disc 65 comprising a fixed frame 652 and a floating platform 651, a second electrical connector 66 being mounted on the floating platform 651, wherein the fixed frame 652 is fixed to the frame 61 by screwing or riveting, a lower end surface of the floating platform 651 is recessed upward to form a recessed cavity matching and slightly larger than a contour shape of the fixed frame 652, the floating platform 651 is sleeved outside the fixed frame 652 from above downward through the recessed cavity, and is connected to each other by a plurality of sets of connection members, thereby realizing floating of the floating platform 651 in a horizontal direction with respect to the fixed frame 652. To avoid interference between the second electrical connector 66 and the fixing frame 652, the fixing frame 652 is provided with an opening for connecting the second electrical connector 66. Further, the upper end surface of the fixed frame 652, i.e., the surface facing the floating platform 651, is further provided with a ball 658 rotatable at its center to reduce friction between the floating platform 651 and the fixed frame 652.

The aforementioned connection assembly includes a link 653, a nut 654, and a spring 655, and the floating platform 656 is provided with a second waist-shaped hole 656 having a long axis horizontally arranged, and the link 653 is disposed in the second waist-shaped hole 656 in a penetrating manner. And, the two ends of the connecting rod 653 are respectively provided with a first thread and a second thread, the first thread is used for being in threaded connection with a screw hole 659 arranged on the side wall of the fixed frame 652, the spring 655 is sleeved outside the connecting rod 653, the second end of the spring is abutted with a nut 654 in a threaded connection at a second thread position, and the first end of the spring 655 is abutted on the inner side of the side wall of the floating platform 656, namely, on one side surface far away from the side wall of the fixed frame 652.

In order to improve the stability of the floating platform 651 floating in the horizontal direction, the second waist-shaped holes 656 are provided on each of the peripheral side walls of the fixed frame 652, so that when the springs 655 abutting against one side wall are compressed, that is, when the floating platform 651 is floated in the horizontal direction by the thrust in the horizontal direction, the connecting rods 653 on the other two side walls perpendicular to the side walls move in the second waist-shaped holes 656 corresponding to each other, and the balls 658 roll accordingly, so that the floating platform 651 is horizontally displaced relative to the fixed frame 652, thereby achieving the effect of floating connection.

It should be noted that two floating members 65 may also be mounted simultaneously on the lower surface of the recess 495 and the upper surface of the mounting bracket 600 to provide a floating connection of the first electrical connector 46 with the second electrical connector 66.

In the above-mentioned solution, by providing the floating member 65 on at least one of the first electrical connector 46 and the second electrical connector 66, the floating member 65 can automatically adjust the relative position between the two electrical connectors when the first electrical connector 46 and the second electrical connector 66 are connected to each other, so that the two electrical connectors are aligned, and a stable and reliable electrical connection is formed between the two electrical connectors.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, the battery pack 40 further includes a liquid cooling device 493, and the liquid cooling device 493 is in communication with the liquid cooling line 402 of the battery module 401. The liquid cooling device 493 may be installed in the middle bracket of the battery pack bracket 490 or may be installed in the brackets on the left and right sides of the battery pack bracket 490.

In the above scheme, the liquid cooling device 493 is provided to release heat energy generated in the working state or the charging state for the battery module 401, which is beneficial to ensuring the safety of the battery module 401 and the battery pack 40.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the battery pack 40 further includes a locking mechanism 500, the locking mechanism 500 being used to lock the battery pack 40 to the mounting bracket 600. As shown in fig. 11 and 12, in order to perform unlocking and locking actions in cooperation with the locking mechanism 500, the overhead crane 20 is further provided with an unlocking portion 235 corresponding to the locking mechanism 500 to switch the locking mechanism 500 between the unlocked state and the locked state. That is, when the overhead traveling apparatus 20 is lowered, the unlocking portion 235 acts on the lock mechanism 500 so that it enters the unlocked state, and when the overhead traveling apparatus 20 is raised, the unlocking portion 235 no longer acts on the lock mechanism 500, and the lock mechanism 500 returns to the locked state.

The unlocking part 235 and the locking mechanism 500 on the battery pack 40 may be in physical contact, for example, a pressing piece or a pressing block is used as the unlocking part 235 to contact the locking mechanism 500, and the locking mechanism 500 is switched between the unlocking state and the locking state by contacting and separating from the locking mechanism 500; likewise, the matching manner of the unlocking portion 235 and the locking mechanism 500 may also adopt a non-physical contact manner, for example, the locking mechanism 500 has a driving motor, under the action of the driving motor, the locking mechanism 500 may switch between an unlocking state and a locking state, meanwhile, the locking mechanism 500 further includes a magnetic induction device, the magnetic induction device is electrically connected with the driving motor, the unlocking portion 235 is a permanent magnet, when the permanent magnet approaches the magnetic induction device, the driving motor drives the locking mechanism 500 to move in the unlocking direction, so as to unlock the battery pack 40; when the permanent magnet leaves the magnetic induction device, the driving motor drives the locking mechanism 500 to move towards the locking direction and fix the locking mechanism 500 at the locking position so as to lock the battery pack 40. Of course, the locking mechanism 500 may also use a light sensing device instead of the magnetic induction device, where the unlocking portion 235 is changed correspondingly or the light baffle is used, and when the light baffle shields the light sensing device, the driving motor drives the locking mechanism 500 to move in the unlocking direction so as to unlock the battery pack 40; when the light sensing device is not shielded, the driving motor drives the locking mechanism 500 to move towards the locking direction and fix the locking mechanism 500 at the locking position so as to lock the battery pack 40.

In the above-described aspect, the overhead hoist 20 is provided with the unlocking portion 235, the battery pack 40 is provided with the locking mechanism 500 corresponding to the unlocking portion 235, and when the overhead hoist 20 descends, the unlocking portion 235 acts on the locking mechanism 500 on the battery pack 40, so that the locking mechanism 500 moves from the predetermined locking position to the predetermined unlocking position to unlock the battery pack 40; when the overhead hoist 20 is vertically lifted, the unlocking unit 235 is separated from the locking mechanism 500, the locking mechanism 500 returns to the predetermined locked position to move, and the battery pack 40 returns to the locked state.

Preferably, the top hanging apparatus 20 is further provided with a first guiding device 250 for positioning the battery pack 40 during the hanging process, specifically, as shown in fig. 13, the first guiding device 250 is disposed at a peripheral position outside the hanging mechanism 230, and meanwhile, the battery pack 40 is provided with a first positioning portion, which is used for cooperating with the first guiding device 250 to perform positioning guiding when the hanging mechanism 230 moves towards the battery pack 40.

In the above scheme, by setting the first guide device 250 and the first positioning portion that are mutually matched, a horizontal guiding effect is provided in the process that the top hanging device 20 descends to grab the battery pack 40, so that the top hanging device 20 accurately reaches the preset position above the battery pack 40, and the grabbing accuracy is ensured.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 13, the first guide 250 includes a first guide surface 251. The first guide surface 251 is provided in a direction toward the battery pack holder 490 and the first guide surface 251 is inclined to the outside of the battery pack holder 490, so that the battery pack holder 490 can be slidably contacted by the first guide surface 251 inclined to the outside to perform positioning guide when the overhead traveling apparatus 20 descends toward the battery pack 40.

In the above-mentioned scheme, when the top hanging apparatus 20 descends to grasp the battery pack 40, the first guiding surface 251 on the first guiding device 250 is slidingly contacted by the battery pack support 490 to provide a horizontal guiding function, the horizontal relative position of the top hanging apparatus 20 and the battery pack 40 is adjusted to guide the top hanging apparatus 20 to a predetermined hanging position, and the structure directly uses the structure of the battery pack support 490, and the first guiding surface 251 slidingly contacted with the battery pack support 490 can complete the horizontal guiding, so that the structure is simple and the production and the manufacturing are easy.

In other embodiments, when the unlocking portion 235 is in physical contact with the locking mechanism 500 to perform locking and unlocking operations, the locking mechanism 500 includes a pressing lever 51, a reversing plate 52, a pulling rod 53, and a locking member, and the pressing lever 51, the reversing plate 52, the pulling rod 53, and the locking member are sequentially connected to perform the following movements:

When the battery pack 40 is released by the lifting device 20, the pressing rod 51 does not receive the acting force of the unlocking part 235, and the pull rod 53 drives the locking piece to move into the locking position so as to enable the locking part to be in a locking state;

when the top hanging device 20 hangs the battery pack 40, the pressing rod 51 is acted by the unlocking part 235, the pressing rod 51 drives the reversing plate 52 to rotate so as to pull the pulling rod 53 to drive the locking piece to move out of the locking position, and therefore the locking part is in an unlocking state.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, 14 and 15, the pressing lever 51, the reversing plate 52, the pulling lever 53 and the lock pin shaft 412 are connected in this order. The first end of the compression bar 51 is movably connected to one end of the reversing plate 52, the first end of the pull rod 53 is movably connected to the other end of the reversing plate 52, the reversing plate 52 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the battery pack 40, so that linkage is formed among the compression bar 51, the reversing plate 52 and the pull rod 53, and the second end of the pull rod 53 is slidably connected to the lock pin shaft 412 through the unlocking plate 413, that is, the unlocking plate 413 is provided with a chute 414 inclined to the ground, and gradually approaches the battery pack 40 from bottom to top, when the unlocking plate 413 moves along with the pull rod 53, the second end of the lock pin shaft 412 moves up and down in the chute 414, thereby driving the first end of the lock pin shaft 412 to enter or exit the locking position, and further completing locking and unlocking operations of the battery pack 40 at the preset position of the mounting bracket 600.

In the above-mentioned scheme, the linkage structure among the compression bar 51, the reversing plate 52, the pull rod 53 and the locking piece is provided to transfer the stress state of the compression bar 51 to the locking piece, when the compression bar 51 is not pushed by external force, the pull rod 53 drives the locking piece to move into the locking position, so as to fix the battery pack 40; when the compression bar 51 is pushed by an external force, the first end of the compression bar 51 pushes against one end of the reversing plate 52, the reversing plate 52 rotates, and the other end of the reversing plate 52 drives the pull rod 53 to move, so that the pull rod 53 drives the locking piece to move out of the locking position, and the battery pack 40 is unlocked. Through the above structure setting, distinguish the state that depression bar 51 received external force bulldozes for the locking piece gets into or shifts out the locking position, thereby accomplishes the locking to the battery package 40 and unblock, and its locking mode of locking and unlocking is simple, and locking effect is reliable and stable.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 14 and 16, the mounting bracket 600 further includes a locking engagement portion 610, and when the latch shaft 412 is moved into the locking position, an upper surface of the latch shaft 412 abuts against a lower surface of the locking engagement portion 610 to lock the battery pack 40 to the mounting bracket 600.

More preferably, as shown in fig. 15 and 16, a second locking slope 411 may be further provided at an end of the locking pin shaft 412 toward the locking engagement portion 610, and a first locking slope 611 may be provided at a position of the locking engagement portion 610 with respect to the second locking slope 411 to provide a positioning guide for the locking process of the locking pin shaft 412.

In the above-mentioned scheme, by providing the locking engagement portion 610 engaged with the locking piece on the mounting bracket 600, the upper surface of the locking piece abuts against the lower surface of the locking engagement portion 610 when locking, the locking and unlocking modes are convenient, and the locking structure is firm.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 11, and 12, the overhead hoist 20 includes a movement mechanism 210, a lifting mechanism 220, and a hoist mechanism 230; the moving mechanism 210 is slidably mounted on the rail 11 of the main frame 15 to move along the rail 11; the lifting mechanism 230 is movably installed below the moving mechanism 210 through a lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism 220 drives the lifting mechanism 230 to move along a direction approaching or separating from the moving mechanism 210.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the power exchange station 10 is provided with a main frame 15, the main frame 15 includes a floor support 12 and a rail 11 mounted above the floor support 12, and a plurality of mounting brackets 31 are provided below the main frame 15 for storing and charging the battery packs 40. The battery exchange station overhead hoist 20 is slidably mounted on the track 11 and is movable on the track 11 for removing a battery pack 40 to be exchanged from the electric vehicle 30 parked under the track 11 and for installing a usable battery pack 40 for the electric vehicle 30 parked under the track 11.

As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the top hanging device 20 of the power exchange station comprises a moving mechanism 210, a lifting mechanism 220 and a hanging mechanism 230, wherein the moving mechanism 210 comprises a first driving device and a rail wheel 217, the first driving device can be a motor or the like, the rail wheel 217 is carried on an open rail 11 or in a closed rail 11, and the moving mechanism 210 is driven to move on the rail 11 through the first driving device so as to drive the whole top hanging device 20 of the power exchange station to move; the lifting mechanism 220 is installed above the moving mechanism 210, the lifting mechanism 220 comprises a second driving device and a connecting device, the connecting device can be a flexible connecting device, such as a rope, a chain and the like, the moving mechanism 210 is provided with a hollow structure or a through hole structure for the connecting device to pass through, one end of the connecting device is connected with the second driving device, the other end of the connecting device is connected with the lifting mechanism 230, and the lifting mechanism 220 is driven by the second driving device to drive the lifting mechanism 230 to move along a vertical upward direction or a vertical downward direction.

The lifting mechanism 230 is used for lifting the battery pack 40, that is, the lifting mechanism 230 can grab or release the battery pack 40, the lifting mechanism 230 can extend into a preset fixing hole in the battery pack 40 along the horizontal direction by arranging a connecting rod, a connecting pin and other devices, execute the grabbing action of the battery pack 40, and execute the releasing action of the battery pack 40 in a mode that the devices such as a hook and the connecting pin exit the fixing hole; likewise, the hanging mechanism 230 may be provided with a hook capable of rotating in a vertical direction, and the grabbing action of the battery pack 40 is performed in such a manner that the hook rotates toward the battery pack 40 and is fixed on a fixing portion preset on the battery pack 40; the releasing action of the battery pack 40 is performed by rotating the hook in a direction away from the battery pack 40 and disengaging the battery pack 40. Similarly, the lifting mechanism 230 may further be provided with a corner lock device, where a waist-shaped hole structure is formed at a position corresponding to the corner lock on the battery pack 40, and the corner lock device is rotated to a locking position in a horizontal direction after extending into the waist-shaped hole structure, so as to perform a grabbing action of the battery pack 40, and the corner lock device is rotated from the locking position to an initial position when entering the waist-shaped hole structure, and exits the waist-shaped hole structure, so as to perform a releasing action of the battery pack 40.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 11 to 13, the lifting mechanism 230 includes a lifting frame 231 and a connection member 232, the lifting frame 231 is used to connect with the lifting mechanism 220, the connection member 232 is disposed on the lifting frame 231, and the connection member 232 is used to mount the battery pack 40 to the lifting frame 231.

Specifically, the lifting mechanism 230 includes a lifting frame 231, and a connection hole is provided on the lifting frame 231 and movably connected with the connection rope 227, so that the lifting frame 231 is located below the moving mechanism 210. The hanging frame 231 is further provided with a connecting member 232, one end of the connecting member 232 faces the direction of the battery pack 40, and the connecting member 232 is used for mounting the battery pack 40 on the hanging frame 231, for example, the connecting member 232 can be detachably connected with a battery pack upper bracket 491 (shown in fig. 12) on the upper portion of the battery pack bracket 490, for example, a first waist-shaped hole 492 (shown in fig. 5) is formed in the position of the battery pack upper bracket 491 corresponding to the connecting member 232, and the connecting member 232 enters the first waist-shaped hole 492 to rotate so as to fix the battery pack 40.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the lifting mechanism 230 is further provided with an unlocking portion 235, the battery pack 40 is provided with a locking mechanism 500 for detachably fixing the battery pack to a preset position on the electric vehicle 40, the unlocking portion 235 is provided corresponding to the locking mechanism 500, when the lifting mechanism 230 descends, the unlocking portion 235 acts on the locking mechanism 500 to enable the locking mechanism 500 to enter an unlocking state, and when the lifting mechanism 230 ascends, the unlocking portion 235 does not act on the locking mechanism 500 any more, and the locking mechanism 500 resumes a locking state.

In the above-mentioned scheme, the moving mechanism 210, the lifting mechanism 220 and the lifting mechanism 230 are functionally independent and cooperate with each other, and the lifting mechanism can be moved in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction by the moving mechanism 210 and the lifting mechanism 220, and the battery pack 40 can be conveniently grasped and released by the lifting mechanism, so that the battery pack 40 can be detached and/or mounted from above the electric vehicle 30.

Based on the same inventive concept, the present embodiment further provides a power exchanging method for the above power exchanging station, as shown in fig. 17, where the power exchanging method includes the following steps:

s1, controlling the top hanging device 20 to hang the battery pack 40 to be replaced from the mounting bracket 600 of the electric vehicle 30;

specifically, in the above step S1, the lifting device 20 moves to above the electric vehicle 30 along the rail 11, the lifting device 20 descends, and performs the action of grabbing the battery pack 40, which may be an action of extending into a preset fixing hole in the battery pack 40 in the horizontal direction by providing a connecting rod, a connecting pin, or the like, or an action of rotating a hook in the locking direction and hanging the hook on a preset fixing portion in the battery pack 40, and then lifting the lifting device 20.

S2, transferring the battery pack 40 to be replaced to a charging area 17 of the power exchange station 10;

Specifically, the overhead hoist 20 is moved along the rail 11 from a position above the electric vehicle 30 to a position of the empty mounting bracket 600 in the charging area 17, and then the battery pack 40 is placed on the mounting bracket 600, and the connecting rod, the connecting pin, or the hook is withdrawn or turned in the unlocking direction to release the battery pack 40.

S3, controlling the overhead crane equipment 20 to grasp available battery packs 40 in the battery exchange station 10 from the charging area 17;

specifically, the overhead hoist 20 moves along the track 11 above the available battery pack 40, where the available battery pack 40 is the battery pack 40 whose charge amount reaches the preset threshold, and the overhead hoist 20 grips the available battery pack 40 by the same gripping action as in step S1.

S4, hoisting the available battery pack 40 to the mounting bracket 600 of the electric vehicle 30;

specifically, the overhead hoist 20 moves over the electric vehicle 30 along the rail 11, lowers the available battery pack 400 on the mounting bracket 600 of the electric vehicle 30, and releases the available battery pack 40 using the same release action as in step S2.

In the above scheme, the battery pack 40 is detached and installed for the electric vehicle 30 in a hoisting manner, so that not only is the power-exchanging operation convenient and quick, but also the battery pack 40 can be installed above the electric vehicle 30, so that the battery pack 40 is far away from the ground, the service life of the battery pack is ensured by protecting the safety of the battery pack, and the installation manner is suitable for the use scene of the electric agricultural vehicle.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 18, before the step of controlling the overhead hoist 20 to hoist the battery pack 40 to be replaced from the mounting bracket 600 of the electric vehicle 30, the power exchanging method further includes the steps of:

s10, controlling the electric vehicle 30 to enter the power conversion area 16;

specifically, when the electric vehicle 30 is an unmanned vehicle, the vehicle is controlled to enter the battery change area 16 by a preset driving instruction. The driving instructions can be preset in a storage device in the vehicle, and can also be transmitted to a driving system of the vehicle in a wireless data transmission mode.

S11, positioning the electric vehicle 30;

specifically, the electric vehicle 30 is guided to stop at a predetermined position in the power exchanging area 16 by at least one of a positioning device, such as a wheel positioning device, a vehicle body positioning device, a laser positioning device, a vision positioning device.

And S12, controlling the electric vehicle 30 to be aligned with the overhead crane mechanism 20 according to the positioning result.

Specifically, the electric vehicle 30 may be controlled to move according to the positioning result, so that the electric vehicle 30 is aligned with the overhead hoist 20; the movement of the overhead hoist 20 on the rail 11 may also be controlled based on the positioning result to align the overhead hoist 20 with the electric vehicle 30.

In the above-mentioned scheme, by positioning the electric vehicle 30 entering the power exchanging area 16, the electric vehicle 30 is stopped at a predetermined position of the power exchanging area 16, so that the electric vehicle is aligned with the top hanging device, the top hanging device is convenient to execute the hanging operation, the time for adjusting the position of the top hanging device relative to the battery pack 40 is reduced, and the efficiency of the power exchanging operation can be further improved.

[ example 2 ]

Embodiment 2 discloses another concrete implementation manner of a power exchange station, and embodiment 2 is based on embodiment 1, in order to hoist battery packs 40 with different lengths, hoisting frames with telescopic functions are arranged in a top hoisting device 20, the hoisting frames are of split type structures, frame beams on two opposite sides of the hoisting frames along the length direction of the battery packs 40 respectively comprise a first frame beam and a second frame beam which are sleeved with each other, a first connecting hole is formed in the first frame beam, a plurality of second connecting holes are formed in different positions of the second frame beam along the horizontal direction, and the first connecting holes are connected with any one of the second connecting holes through bolts. The lengths of the first frame beam and the second frame beam can be adjusted by fixing the first connection holes with the second connection holes at different positions using bolts, so that the length of the lifting frame 231 can be adjusted, and the battery packs 40 with different length sizes can be adapted. Here, the length direction of the first frame beam and the second frame beam is the same as the length direction of the battery pack 40.

In other specific embodiments, hydraulic telescopic devices may also be disposed on the frame beams on opposite sides of the lifting frame, so as to adjust the lengths of the frame beams on the two sides, which is not described herein again.

Based on the same inventive concept, the present embodiment also provides a power exchanging method for the above-described power exchanging station, including the steps of, before controlling the overhead hoist 20 to hoist the battery pack 40 to be exchanged from the mounting bracket 600 of the electric vehicle 30:

s01, adjusting the length of the hoisting frame according to the length of the battery pack 40;

specifically, the length information of the battery pack 40 is acquired, and then the length of the lifting frame is adjusted according to the acquired length information, so that the position of the locking structure for fixing the battery pack on the top lifting device 20 is matched with the position of the fixing device of the battery pack 40.

[ example 3 ]

Embodiment 3 discloses another specific embodiment of the power exchanging station, in embodiment 3, in order to hoist the battery packs 40 with different lengths on the basis of embodiment 1 or 2, the width direction of the battery pack 40 with the hoisting frame set in the top hoisting device 20 also has a telescopic function, specifically, the frame beams on two opposite sides of the hoisting frame along the width direction of the battery pack 40 each include a third frame beam and a fourth frame beam which are sleeved with each other, and similar to embodiment 2, the side lengths of the frames can be adjusted through hydraulic telescopic devices, bolts and connecting holes respectively set in the third frame beam and the fourth frame beam, so as to adaptively hoist the battery packs 40 with different widths.

Based on the same inventive concept, the present embodiment also provides a power exchanging method for the above-described power exchanging station, including the steps of, before controlling the overhead hoist 20 to hoist the battery pack 40 to be exchanged from the mounting bracket 600 of the electric vehicle 30:

s02, adjusting the length of the hoisting frame according to the width of the battery pack 40;

specifically, the width information of the battery pack 40 is acquired, and then the width of the lifting frame is adjusted according to the acquired width information, so that the position of the locking structure for fixing the battery pack on the top lifting apparatus 20 is matched with the position of the fixing device of the battery pack 40.

In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the method embodiments described later, the description is relatively simple, as it corresponds to the station, as reference is made to the description of the station embodiments in part.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present application should be included in the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the application is subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (20)

1. A power exchange station for exchanging a battery pack of an electric vehicle, which is characterized by comprising a main frame and a top hanging device, wherein the top hanging device is movably arranged on the main frame, a power exchange area and a charging area are arranged below the main frame, and the electric vehicle is positioned in the power exchange area; the mounting bracket is arranged on the upper part of the electric vehicle, the battery pack is detachably fixed on the mounting bracket, and the overhead crane is used for transferring the battery pack between the charging area and the mounting bracket of the electric vehicle.

2. A power exchange station according to claim 1, characterized in that the charging area and the power exchange area are arranged in the length direction of the power exchange station.

3. The power exchange station of claim 1, wherein the charging area comprises at least two charging stations, and a plurality of the charging stations are respectively arranged at two sides of the power exchange area.

4. A power exchange station according to claim 3, wherein the overhead hoist comprises a first overhead hoist and a second overhead hoist, the first overhead hoist and the second overhead hoist being respectively disposed on two sides of the power exchange area, the overhead hoist on the side where the idle charging station exists being the first overhead hoist;

The first overhead crane is used for transferring a battery pack to be replaced on the electric vehicle to the idle charging station, and the second overhead crane is used for transferring an available battery pack in the charging station to the electric vehicle.

5. The power exchange station of claim 1 further comprising a service area disposed adjacent to the charging area and on a side of the charging area remote from the power exchange area.

6. The power exchange station of claim 1, wherein the charging area is also provided with the mounting brackets, and wherein the overhead crane apparatus is used to transfer the battery pack between the charging area mounting brackets and the mounting brackets on the electric vehicle.

7. The power plant of claim 1, further comprising positioning means for positioning the electric vehicle to align the electric vehicle with the overhead crane.

8. The power exchange station of claim 7, wherein the positioning device comprises at least one of a wheel positioning device, a body positioning device, a laser positioning device, a vision positioning device.

9. The power exchange station of claim 1, wherein the battery pack includes a battery pack bracket and a battery module; the battery module is fixedly arranged in the battery pack support, a concave part is arranged in the middle of the lower side of the battery pack support, and the lower surface of the concave part is used for bearing the second battery pack on the mounting bracket.

10. The power exchange station of claim 9, wherein the battery pack support comprises a hanging bracket and a battery mounting frame mounted at the bottom of the hanging bracket, the hanging bracket is used for being connected with the top hanging device, a battery placement layer used for placing a battery module is arranged in the battery mounting frame, and the battery module is placed in the battery placement layer.

11. The power exchange station of claim 9, wherein the battery pack further comprises a first electrical connector to which the battery module is connected, the first electrical connector being disposed at a lower surface of the recess, an upper surface of the mounting bracket being provided with a second electrical connector for interfacing with the first electrical connector.

12. The power exchange station of claim 11, wherein the second electrical connector in the mounting bracket of the electric vehicle is electrically connected to a powertrain of the electric vehicle;

And/or a second electrical connector in the mounting bracket of the charging area is electrically connected with the charging device of the battery exchange station.

13. The power plant according to claim 9, characterized in that the plant further comprises a floating member, on which the first electrical connector and/or the second electrical connector are arranged; the floating component is used for driving the electric connector arranged on the floating component to move when the first electric connector is in butt joint with the second electric connector.

14. The power exchange station of claim 9, wherein the battery pack further comprises a liquid cooling device in communication with the liquid cooling conduit of the battery module.

15. The battery exchange station of claim 1, wherein the battery pack further comprises a locking mechanism for locking the battery pack to the mounting bracket, the overhead crane is provided with an unlocking portion, the unlocking portion is provided corresponding to the locking mechanism of the battery pack, and the unlocking portion acts on the locking mechanism to switch the locking mechanism between an unlocked state and a locked state.

16. The power exchange station of claim 15, wherein the locking mechanism comprises a compression bar, a reversing plate, a pull bar, and a locking member, the compression bar, reversing plate, pull bar, and locking member being connected in sequence;

When the top hanging equipment releases the battery pack, the pull rod drives the locking piece to move into a locking position when the pressure rod is not acted by the acting force of the unlocking part, so that the locking piece is in a locking state;

when the top hanging equipment hangs the battery pack, the pressure bar is acted by the unlocking part, the pressure bar drives the reversing plate to rotate so as to pull the pull rod to drive the locking piece to move out of the locking position, and the locking piece is in an unlocking state.

17. The power exchange station of claim 16, wherein the mounting bracket further comprises a locking engagement portion, an upper surface of the locking member abutting a lower surface of the locking engagement portion when the locking member is moved into the locked position to lock the battery pack to the mounting bracket.

18. The power exchange station of claim 1, wherein the overhead hoist includes a moving mechanism, a lifting mechanism, and a hoisting mechanism;

the moving mechanism is slidably mounted on a track of the main frame so as to move along the track; the lifting mechanism is movably arranged below the moving mechanism through the lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism drives the lifting mechanism to move along the direction close to or far away from the moving mechanism.

19. A method of converting electricity for a power conversion station according to any one of claims 1 to 18, comprising:

controlling the top hanging equipment to hang a battery pack to be replaced from a mounting bracket of the electric vehicle;

transferring the battery pack to be replaced to a charging area of a power exchange station;

controlling the overhead crane to grasp available battery packs in the battery exchange station from the charging area;

hoisting the available battery pack to a mounting bracket of the electric vehicle;

the available battery pack is a battery pack with a charging amount reaching a preset threshold value.

20. The power conversion method according to claim 19, wherein,

before the step of controlling the overhead hoist to hoist the battery pack to be exchanged from the mounting bracket of the electric vehicle, the electricity exchanging method further includes:

controlling the electric vehicle to enter the power conversion area;

positioning the electric vehicle;

and controlling the electric vehicle to be aligned with the top crane mechanism according to the positioning result.