CN117181778A - A recycling production line and process flow for used lithium battery cathode sheets - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a recycling production line and a process flow for a positive plate of a waste lithium battery, wherein the recycling production line comprises a feeding machine, the feeding machine is obliquely arranged and is used for conveying the waste lithium battery to be treated; pretreatment, wherein the pretreatment comprises a shredder and a pulverizer, and the shredder is arranged at the upstream of the pulverizer; a header including a first header, a second header, a third header, and a fourth header; the linear screen is used for receiving the materials falling from the material collector and comprises a first linear screen and a second linear screen; a grinder disposed downstream of the linear screen, the grinder including a first grinder and a second grinder; the pulse dust collector is connected with the material collector, and has the advantages that the recovery of the positive plate can be realized, and the classification recovery of the positive plate powder and aluminum can be realized.

Description

A recycling production line and process flow for used lithium battery cathode sheets

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of waste lithium battery cathode sheets, and specifically relates to a recycling production line and process flow for waste lithium battery cathode sheets.

Background technique

Wasted lithium batteries contain a large amount of non-renewable metal resources with high economic value. The positive electrode material in lithium batteries is lithium cobalt oxide powder, and the negative electrode material is graphite powder. Both positive and negative electrode sheets contain a large amount of nickel, Copper, aluminum and other metal materials. If discarded or unqualified lithium batteries can be effectively recycled and processed, it will not only reduce the pressure of used batteries on the environment, but also avoid the waste of metal resources such as cobalt and nickel. What can be recycled from the cathode sheet in lithium batteries is cathode powder and aluminum. The current recycling equipment has low efficiency and the recycling purity is not high.

The patent publication number is CN116116861B. The patent title is a disclosure of a lithium battery cathode sheet recycling device and a recycling method. It specifically discloses a lithium battery cathode sheet recycling device, including a recycling box. The recycling box is provided with an inlet. Hopper, the lower end of the recycling box is provided with a discharge port, and the inner wall of the recycling box is provided with a plurality of mixing components. The mixing components include vertical slots opened on the inner wall of the recycling box. A moving block is vertically and slidingly connected to the opening of the straight slot. A lifting reciprocating piece connected to the moving block is provided in the vertical slot. The lifting reciprocating piece is used to control the moving block in the vertical position. The card slot moves up and down. The upper and lower ends of the vertical card slot are connected with a sliding channel. The upper and lower ends of the moving block are fixedly connected with sliding baffles slidingly connected to the sliding channel. The upper end of the moving block is connected to the sliding channel. There is a stirring shaft, and a driving gear coaxially connected to the stirring shaft is provided in the vertical slot. One side of the driving gear is meshed with a fixed rack connected to the side wall of the vertical slot, so The vertical slot is provided with a connecting arm connected to the side wall of the stirring shaft and a plurality of stirring rods. The other end of the connecting arm is connected to a pressure plate. The middle part of the recycling box is provided with a screen. The screen is A push plate is provided on one side, and the push plate is connected to the side wall of the recycling box through a driving member. The driving member is used to control the push plate to move left and right. The other side of the screen is provided with an opening in the recycling box. Discharge opening on the box. The present invention provides a lithium battery positive electrode piece recycling device and recycling method. The lithium battery positive electrode piece to be processed and the treatment liquid are input into the recycling box through a feed hopper, and then the lifting and lowering reciprocating parts are controlled, and the lifting and lowering reciprocating parts control the movement of the moving block. The vertical slot moves up and down, driving the gear to move up and down, driving the gear to mesh with the fixed rack, causing the stirring shaft to rotate when it moves up and down, and the stirring rod stirs the lithium battery positive electrode sheets and the treatment liquid in the recycling box. In addition, the moving block moves up and down, driving the connecting arm to swing. When the moving block moves downward, the pressing plate connected to the connecting arm swings downward. The lithium battery positive electrode sheet is on the screen, and the pressing plate hits and presses the lithium battery positive electrode sheet on the screen. , improving the reaction efficiency of the lithium battery cathode sheet and treatment solution.

The patent publication number is CN209880756U. The patent name is a disclosed material of a waste lithium battery cathode sheet separation and recovery equipment. It specifically discloses a waste lithium battery cathode sheet separation and recovery equipment, including a feeder and a belt conveyor connected in sequence. machine and pulverizer, and also includes a classifier, a first cyclone collector, a second cyclone collector, a first pulse dust collector, a second pulse dust collector, a first high-pressure induced draft fan, a second high-pressure induced draft fan, a vibration classification device, and Air separation valve; the classifier includes a fine material outlet at the top and a coarse material outlet at the bottom. The fine material outlet is connected to the first cyclone collector, the first pulse dust collector, and the first high-pressure induced draft fan through pipelines in sequence. Series connection; the coarse material outlet is connected in series with the vibration classification device, air separation valve, second cyclone collector, second pulse dust collector, and second high-pressure induced draft fan in sequence through pipelines. The entire production line operates under negative pressure, and is equipped with explosion-related equipment. Dust alarm detector, there is no dust spillage during the production process, the production environment is cleaner and more environmentally friendly, and the dust emission concentration meets environmental protection requirements. In the present invention, the vibration classification device includes a first vibrating screen located on the upper level and a second vibrating screen located on the lower level. The arrangement of the upper and lower levels not only saves production space, but also the materials discharged by the upper vibrating screen can be discharged under the action of gravity. It enters the lower vibrating screen, which saves production costs and improves production efficiency. In the present invention, the production line is automatically controlled by an artificial intelligence control cabinet, which greatly reduces the labor intensity of workers, reduces human misoperation, and makes product quality more stable.

From the analysis of the above-mentioned public materials, it can be seen that the recycling of cathode sheets can be achieved, but the cathode sheets cannot be deeply processed, and multiple sieving and grinding are required to obtain high-purity cathode powder and aluminum.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a recycling production line for used lithium battery cathode sheets, which can not only realize the recycling of cathode sheets, but also achieve the classified recovery of cathode powder and aluminum.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a recycling production line for used lithium battery cathode sheets, including:

Loading machine, the loading machine is arranged at an angle and is used to transport waste lithium batteries to be processed;

Pretreatment includes a shredder and a pulverizer, and the shredder is set upstream of the pulverizer;

A collector, the collector includes a first collector, a second collector, a third collector and a fourth collector;

Linear screen, the linear screen is used to collect falling materials from the collector, and the linear screen includes a first linear screen and a second linear screen;

A grinding machine, the grinding machine is arranged after the linear screen, and the grinding machine includes a first grinding machine and a second grinding machine;

Pulse dust collector, the pulse dust collector is connected to the collector.

Furthermore, the upper end outlet of the feeding machine is connected to the inlet of the shredder, which is used to feed the shredder. The shredder is connected to a shredding motor that provides power and has a pair-roller structure. The waste lithium is The battery is roughly broken.

Further, the lower outlet of the shredder is connected to an elevator, which is arranged at an angle, and the upper outlet of the elevator is arranged above the outlet of the pulverizer for feeding materials into the pulverizer, and the pulverizer performs Finely broken.

Further, the outlet end of the pulverizer is connected to the first collector through a pipeline, the upper end of the first collector is connected to a pulse dust collector through a pipeline, and the pulse dust collector is connected to an induced draft fan.

Further, a first linear screen is provided below the first collector, which is screened sequentially to obtain cathode powder and plastic rubber. The tail end of the first linear screen passes through a pipe to enter the material into the third. In a grinder, grind once.

Further, the outlet end of the first grinder is connected to a second collector through a pipeline, the second collector is connected to a pulse dust collector through a pipeline, and a second straight line is provided below the second collector. Sieve and conduct secondary screening to obtain cathode powder and aluminum.

Furthermore, the tail outlet of the second linear screen is connected to a second grinder through a pipeline for secondary grinding.

Further, the second grinder is connected to a third collector through a pipeline, the upper end of the third collector is connected to a pulse dust collector through a pipeline, and a third linear screen is provided below the third collector, Sieve three times to obtain cathode powder and aluminum.

Further, a cover body is provided above the tail end of the first linear screen, the second linear screen and the third linear screen, and the cover body is connected to a fourth collector through a pipeline, and the fourth collector The upper end of the dust collector is connected to a pulse dust collector through a pipeline, and the pulse dust collector is connected to an induced draft fan.

A process flow for a recycling production line for used lithium battery cathode sheets, including the following steps:

S1, rough breaking;

S2, finely crushed;

S3, one-time screening;

S4, one-time grinding;

S5, secondary screening;

S6, secondary screening;

S7, secondary grinding;

S8, aggregate;

S9. Collect dust.

The beneficial effects of the above technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

1. It can realize the recycling of positive electrode sheets and process the positive electrode sheets in used lithium batteries.

2. It can classify and recover cathode powder and aluminum. After multiple linear sieving and grinding, as well as the action of collector and pulse dust collector, cathode powder and aluminum powder can be obtained.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a top view of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a perspective view of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a process flow chart;

Figure 4 is an illustration of the process flow;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the positive electrode plate;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the cathode powder;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the obtained aluminum powder;

In the picture: 1. Feeding machine; 2. Shredder; 3. Shredding motor; 4. Elevator; 5. Crusher; 6. First collector; 7. Pulse dust collector; 8. First straight line Line screen; 9. The first grinder; 10. The second collector; 11. The second linear screen; 12. The second grinder; 13. The third collector; 14. The third linear screen; 15. Four collectors.

Implementation

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-7 of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1-7:

Example

A recycling production line for waste lithium battery cathode sheets, including a loading machine 1, which is tilted and used to transport waste lithium batteries to be processed; preprocessing includes a shredder 2 and a crusher 5. The shredder 2 is arranged upstream of the crusher 5; the collector includes a first collector 6, a second collector 10, a third collector 13 and a fourth collector. ; Linear screen, the linear screen is used to collect the material falling from the collector, the linear screen includes a first linear screen 8 and a second linear screen 11; a grinder, the grinder is arranged after the linear screen, grinding The machine includes a first grinder 9 and a second grinder 12; a pulse dust collector 7, which is connected to a collector.

In this embodiment, the recycling production line includes a loading machine 1. The loading machine 1 can transport the waste lithium batteries to be processed to the shredder 2. In the shredder 2, rough crushing is performed, and the waste lithium batteries are The larger particles are first crushed, and then transported to the crusher 5 for fine crushing. The fine crushing can break the used lithium batteries into smaller particles, and then be sucked into the collector through the pipe, and then linearly screened. After screening, grinding is carried out. After repeated screening three times, the recyclable cathode powder and aluminum in the used lithium batteries are separated and then classified and recycled. The technical solution of this equipment is to process various types of cathode sheets as raw materials. Based on its material characteristics and combined with actual technology, the cathode materials and valuable metals are separated mainly through physical crushing methods and vibration screening processes. Finally, cathode powder and aluminum are obtained.

Example

The upper outlet of the feeding machine 1 is connected to the inlet of the shredder 2, which is used to feed materials into the shredder 2. The shredder 2 is connected to a shredding motor 3 that provides power and is a pair of rollers. Used lithium batteries are roughly broken.

Different from the above embodiment, in this embodiment, the feeder 1 can be of crawler type or chain plate type. The lithium battery is transported to the entrance of the shredder 2. After the material is fed into the shredder 2, it is processed After being squeezed and crushed by the roller, the material comes out from below.

Example

The lower end outlet of the shredder 2 is connected to an elevator 4. The elevator 4 is arranged at an angle. The upper outlet of the elevator 4 is arranged above the outlet of the crusher 5 for feeding materials into the crusher 5. The pulverizer 5 performs fine crushing.

Different from the above embodiment, in this embodiment, the lower part of the shredder 2 is the inlet end of the elevator 4, and the shredded materials enter the elevator 4. The elevator 4 can be a spiral elevator 4 or a chain. Plate elevator 4, and then the materials are transported to the crusher 5 for fine crushing to form small particles.

Example

The outlet end of the pulverizer 5 is connected to the first collector 6 through a pipeline, and the upper end of the first collector 6 is connected to a pulse dust collector 7 through a pipeline, and the pulse dust collector 7 is connected to an induced draft fan.

Different from the above embodiment, in this embodiment, an induced draft fan is connected to the pulse dust collector 7 to draw air outward, and the material is sucked into the first collector 6 by suction. There is a valve below, and the pulse dust collector 7 can handle it at any time. For dust, an outlet is provided below the pulse dust collector 7, which can receive the dust and recover useful substances.

Example

A first linear screen 8 is provided below the first collector 6, which is screened sequentially to obtain cathode powder and plastic rubber. The tail end of the first linear screen 8 passes through a pipe to enter the material into the third In a grinding machine 9, grinding is performed once.

Different from the above embodiment, in this embodiment, below the first collector 6 is the first linear screen 8. After passing through the first linear screen 8, the cathode powder and plastic rubber can be obtained. Below the linear screen It is a cone-shaped cover and is connected to the first grinder 9 at the rear end through a pipeline. After being ground by the first grinder 9, the positive electrode powder is ground finely.

Example

The outlet end of the first grinder 9 is connected to the second collector 10 through a pipeline. The second collector 10 is connected to the pulse dust collector 7 through a pipeline. A third collector 10 is provided below the second collector 10 . Two linear sieves 11 are used for secondary screening to obtain cathode powder and aluminum.

Different from the above embodiment, in this embodiment, the material after passing through the first grinder 9 is transported to the second collector 10, and then is screened again by the second linear screen 11 to obtain cathode powder and aluminum. .

Example

The tail outlet of the second linear screen 11 is connected to a second grinder 12 through a pipeline for secondary grinding.

Different from the above embodiment, in this embodiment, after grinding again, it is transported to the third collector 13 .

Example

The second grinder 12 is connected to the third collector 13 through a pipeline. The upper end of the third collector 13 is connected to the pulse dust collector 7 through a pipeline. A third straight line is provided below the third collector 13 Sieve 14 and perform three sievings to obtain cathode powder and aluminum.

Different from the above embodiment, in this embodiment, a third linear screen 14 is provided below the third collector 13 to perform three screenings to obtain cathode powder and aluminum with higher purity.

Example

Covers are provided above the tail ends of the first linear screen 8, the second linear screen 11 and the third linear screen 14, and the cover is connected to a fourth collector through a pipeline. The fourth collector The upper end of the dust collector is connected to a pulse dust collector 7 through a pipeline, and the pulse dust collector 7 is connected to an induced draft fan.

In this embodiment, a cover is provided above the tail end of the linear screen, and a pulse dust collector 7 is connected to process the generated dust at any time to maintain a good working environment.

Example

A process flow for the recycling production line of used lithium battery cathode sheets, including the following steps: S1, coarse crushing; S2, fine crushing; S3, primary screening; S4, primary grinding; S5, secondary screening; S6, secondary screening. Secondary screening; S7, secondary grinding; S8, aggregate; S9, dust collection.

Working method (or working principle) of the present invention:

When this technology works, it includes the following steps and methods:

Coarse shredding (shredder)

The cathode sheet material enters the shredder through the conveyor, and the cathode sheet material is broken into smaller pieces to facilitate subsequent processing. The output size is 3-4 cm.

Fine crushing (crusher)

The shredded positive electrode pieces are sealed and transported to the crusher through a U-shaped reamer. The materials are crushed and dispersed by the rapid rotation of the blade, and the materials are further broken into small particles. The configured screen aperture is 2.8mm.

One-time screening (linear screen)

The finely crushed materials enter the collector through air flow, fall into the linear screen through the air-closed device, and are vibrated through the screen. A part of the cathode powder that has been broken up and fallen off is screened out through the lower screen. Part of the plastic rubber adhered to the positive electrode sheet is screened out through the upper screen. The other part of metal materials and undispersed cathode fragments screened out through the middle layer screen will enter the next step for further processing. The linear screen is a 2-layer screen, the upper screen has a pore size of 10 mesh, and the lower screen has a pore size of 120 mesh.

One-time grinding (grinder)

The material after one vibration screening falls into the grinder to grind and crush the material. The grinder is a cutterhead grinder, and the discharge particle size is controlled by adjusting the cutterhead clearance.

Secondary screening (linear screen)

The ground material is transported into the collector through negative pressure airflow, falls into the linear screen through the air-closed device, and is vibrated and screened. A portion of the ground cathode powder that falls off is screened out through the lower screen. Part of the fallen metal aluminum is screened out through the upper screen. The other part of metal materials and undispersed cathode fragments screened out through the middle layer screen enter the next step for further processing. The linear screen is a 2-layer screen, the upper screen has a pore size of 30 mesh, and the lower screen has a pore size of 120 mesh.

Secondary grinding (grinder)

The material after secondary vibration screening falls into the grinder for final grinding and pulverization. The grinder is a cutterhead grinder, and the discharge particle size is controlled by adjusting the cutterhead clearance.

Three screenings (linear screening)

The material after secondary grinding is transported into the collector through negative pressure airflow, falls into the linear screen through the air-closed device, and is vibrated to screen. The ground material is finally sorted, in which the cathode powder passes through the lower screen. is screened out, and another part of the metal aluminum is screened out through the upper screen. The linear screen is a 1-layer screen with a mesh aperture of 120 mesh.

Aggregate (aggregator)

Collect and discharge the cathode powder in the induced draft conveying pipe. (The positive electrode powder collected in this process will be collected uniformly through the powder conveying device).

Dust collection (pulse dust collector)

The dust and ultrafine dust (i.e. cathode powder) generated during the operation of the entire equipment are collected under negative pressure. Discharge treatment (the cathode powder collected in this process will be collected uniformly through the powder conveying device).

The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications can also be made. should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A retrieve production line for old and useless lithium cell positive plate, its characterized in that: comprising the steps of (a) a step of,

the feeding machine (1) is obliquely arranged and is used for conveying waste lithium batteries to be treated;

pretreatment, wherein the pretreatment comprises a shredder (2) and a pulverizer (5), and the shredder (2) is arranged at the upstream of the pulverizer (5);

a collector comprising a first collector (6), a second collector (10), a third collector (13) and a fourth collector;

the linear screen is used for receiving materials falling from the material collector and comprises a first linear screen (8) and a second linear screen (11);

a mill, which is arranged downstream of the linear screen, comprising a first mill (9) and a second mill (12);

and the pulse dust collector (7), wherein the pulse dust collector (7) is connected with the collector.

2. The recycling production line for waste lithium battery positive plates according to claim 1, wherein the recycling production line is characterized in that: the feeding machine is characterized in that an outlet at the upper end of the feeding machine (1) is connected with an inlet of the shredder (2) and used for feeding the shredder (2), and the shredder (2) is connected with a shredding motor (3) for providing power and is of a double-roller structure and is used for coarsely breaking waste lithium batteries.

3. The recycling production line for waste lithium battery positive plates according to claim 2, wherein the recycling production line is characterized in that: the lower extreme exit linkage of shredder (2) has lifting machine (4), lifting machine (4) slope sets up, the upper end export setting of lifting machine (4) is in the export top of rubbing crusher (5) for feed in to rubbing crusher (5), rubbing crusher (5) carry out thin broken.

4. The recycling production line for the positive plate of the waste lithium battery according to claim 3, wherein the recycling production line comprises the following steps: the outlet end of the pulverizer (5) is connected with a first collector (6) through a pipeline, the upper end of the first collector (6) is connected with a pulse dust collector (7) through a pipeline, and the pulse dust collector (7) is connected with an induced draft fan.

5. The recycling production line for the positive plate of the waste lithium battery according to claim 4, wherein the recycling production line comprises the following steps: the lower part of the first material collector (6) is provided with a first linear screen (8) for sequentially screening to obtain positive electrode powder and plastic rubber, and the tail end of the first linear screen (8) is used for feeding materials into a first grinding machine (9) through a pipeline for primary grinding.

6. The recycling production line for the positive plate of the waste lithium battery according to claim 5, wherein the recycling production line comprises the following steps: the outlet end of the first grinding machine (9) is connected with a second collector (10) through a pipeline, the second collector (10) is connected with a pulse dust collector (7) through a pipeline, and a second linear screen (11) is arranged below the second collector (10) for secondary screening to obtain anode powder and aluminum.

7. The recycling production line for the positive plate of the waste lithium battery according to claim 6, wherein the recycling production line comprises the following steps: and the tail end outlet of the second linear screen (11) is connected with a second grinding machine (12) through a pipeline for secondary grinding.

8. The recycling production line for the positive plate of the waste lithium battery according to claim 7, wherein the recycling production line comprises the following steps: the second grinding machine (12) is connected with a third collector (13) through a pipeline, the upper end of the third collector (13) is connected with a pulse dust collector (7) through a pipeline, and a third linear sieve (14) is arranged below the third collector (13) for three times to obtain anode powder and aluminum.

9. The recycling production line for waste lithium battery positive plates according to claim 8, wherein the recycling production line comprises the following steps: the novel dust collector is characterized in that a cover body is arranged above the tail ends of the first linear screen (8), the second linear screen (11) and the third linear screen (14), the cover body is connected with a fourth collector through a pipeline, the upper end of the fourth collector is connected with a pulse dust collector (7) through a pipeline, and the pulse dust collector (7) is connected with an induced draft fan.

10. A technological process for a recovery production line of a waste lithium battery positive plate is characterized in that: comprises the steps of,

s1, coarse breaking;

s2, finely crushing;

s3, screening for the first time;

s4, primary grinding;

s5, secondary screening;

s6, secondary screening;

s7, secondary grinding;

s8, collecting materials;

s9, dust collection.