CN117128859A - Three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method for top cover or bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of water turbine - Google Patents
Three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method for top cover or bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of water turbine Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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Abstract
The invention provides a three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method of a top cover or a bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of a water turbine, which relates to the field of water turbine manufacturing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of water turbine manufacturing, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method for a top cover or a bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of a water turbine.
Technical Field
In the water guide mechanism of the water turbine, a top cover and a bottom ring are the most important parts, and for the manufacturing and processing of the top cover and the bottom ring, the position deviation of the guide vane shaft hole is reduced as much as possible so as to improve the coaxiality of the guide vane shaft hole after the water guide mechanism is assembled, so that the most critical index for controlling and improving the processing quality of products is achieved. Generally, because the sizes of the top cover and the bottom ring of the water turbine are large, the shaft holes of the top cover and the bottom ring cannot be aligned by the most convenient and accurate simultaneous boring processing method, so that the deviation of the position degree of the corresponding guide vane shaft hole can be ensured to meet the design and process requirements only by means of external measuring equipment. At present, in the traditional manufacturing process, the deviation of the position degree of the center of the guide vane shaft hole of the top cover and the bottom ring is usually obtained by adopting a linear inside micrometer and an outside micrometer through indirect measurement and geometric calculation, the measurement process is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and the final calculation precision of the position degree is limited, so that the universality of the top ring and the bottom ring is lower.
With the development of advanced measurement technology, especially the wide use of advanced large-size precise three-dimensional measurement technology, the processing of the top cover and the bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of the water turbine water guide mechanism has more accurate and efficient technical means. At present, the three-dimensional measurement technology in the industry is only applied to the cross-checking measurement after the hydraulic turbine parts are machined, and related application cases are not found in the indexing alignment before the parts are machined, for example, the Chinese patent of the invention with the publication number of CN105729244A, which is 7 in 2016, discloses a process method for measuring the coaxiality of blind valve shaft holes at two ends of a large valve body of the hydraulic turbine, and the coaxiality between the blind valve shaft holes at two ends of the large valve body can be measured by using a method for mutually matching numerical control programming of a numerical control machine tool and a laser tracker in the machining process of the blind valve shaft holes at two ends of the large valve body, so that the technical problem that the large valve body needs to be machined on a heavy numerical control rotary workbench is solved, and the product quality of the valve body assembly and sealing test is improved. Meanwhile, the laser tracker is matched with the concept of measuring coaxiality between blind valve shaft holes at two ends, and can be used for reference application in processing of other large-scale parts exceeding the processing capacity of equipment and measuring coaxiality.
According to the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method for the top cover or the bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of the water turbine, and a novel method for guiding the top cover and the bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of the water turbine to be subjected to indexing processing based on the three-dimensional measurement technology of a laser tracker.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel indexing processing method suitable for top cover and bottom ring guide vane shaft holes in a water guide mechanism of a water turbine, which is based on an advanced three-dimensional measurement technology, can greatly improve coaxiality precision of the processed top cover and bottom ring guide vane shaft holes, and greatly reduces original alignment preparation time so as to improve the use efficiency of a machine tool.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the three-dimensional measuring and indexing processing method for the top cover or the bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of the water turbine comprises the following processing steps of:
s1, placing a top cover or a bottom ring on a processing workbench surface of a vertical lathe or a machine tool, simultaneously placing an overflow surface of a workpiece upwards, adjusting a jack to enable the levelness of a top cover opening surface or a bottom ring opening surface to be smaller than or equal to a set levelness, and adjusting a locking claw to enable the top cover or the bottom ring to be kept fixed;
s2, a fixing tool is placed on the overflow surface of the top cover or the bottom ring and used as a measuring host station of the laser tracker, a boring cutter bar for processing the guide vane shaft hole is connected and fixed with a vertical lathe cutter frame or a machine tool cutter frame, a reflecting target ball tool seat is fastened on the boring cutter bar through a fastening screw, a reflecting target ball is assembled on the reflecting target ball tool seat, and the height of the laser tracker is adjusted to ensure that the reflecting target ball on the boring cutter bar is positioned in a measuring view field of the laser tracker;
s3, calculating and determining theoretical coordinates of the center of each top cover guide vane shaft hole or each bottom ring guide vane shaft hole according to the top cover or bottom ring design drawing information;
s4, sequentially measuring a top cover opening surface, a top cover base cylindrical surface, a 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole or a bottom ring opening surface, a bottom ring base cylindrical surface and a 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole through a laser tracker and a reflecting target ball, calculating through measured related data to obtain related plane and circle center coordinates, and establishing a measurement coordinate system taking the actual measurement position of the top cover guide vane shaft hole or the bottom ring guide vane shaft hole as a referenceOverlapping and matching the actual measurement coordinate system with the theoretical coordinate system;
s5, the allowable position degree deviation of the design process is thatAnalyzing to obtain the current true position deviation of the center of the guide vane shaft hole of the 1# top cover or the guide vane shaft hole of the 1# bottom ring, and adjusting the position of the boring cutter bar to reduce the position deviation of the center of the guide vane shaft hole until the design process requirement is met;
s6, referring to a method for calculating and adjusting the position deviation of the center coordinates of the 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole or the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole, sequentially measuring and dividing the rest top cover guide vane shaft holes or the bottom ring guide vane shaft holes, and calculating and determining the final position deviation of the center coordinates of all the rest guide vane shaft holes on the premise that the design and process requirements are met.
Further, the levelness set in the step S1 is 0.05mm.
Further, in the step S2, the backing plate holder has magnetic attraction property, and a spherical recess is provided above the backing plate holder for placing the backing plate.
Further, the 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole is one of the number of the top cover guide vane shaft holes.
Further, the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole is one of the number of the bottom ring guide vane shaft holes.
Further, the step S3 of calculating and determining the theoretical coordinate of the center of each top cover guide vane shaft hole specifically includes:
S3A, assuming that the number of the top cover guide vane shaft holes is N, the diameter of a distribution circle at the center of the top cover guide vane shaft holes is D, connecting the circle center of the distribution circle of the top cover guide vane shaft holes with the circle center of the 1# top cover guide vane shaft holes as an origin O to be in the +X axis direction, and establishing a plane rectangular coordinate system OXY by taking the +X axis anticlockwise 90 DEG direction as a +Y axis;
S3B, assuming that theoretical coordinates of centers of guide vane shaft holes of the top covers 1# to N # are sequentially as follows，……Calculating the center theoretical coordinate of each top cover guide vane shaft hole according to the formula (1);
formula (1).
Further, the specific operation steps for measuring and obtaining the center coordinates of the guide vane shaft hole of the 1# top cover in the step S4 include:
S4C, sequentially and uniformly selecting M points on the top cover opening surface to measure by using a laser tracker and a reflection target ball, wherein the number M of measurement points is not less than 6 and not more than the number N of guide vane shaft holes of the top cover, and the actual measurement coordinate values of the M measurement points are assumed to be sequentially，……Fitting the coordinates of the M measuring points into a plane R by adopting a least square method;
S4D, sequentially and uniformly selecting S points on the top cover base cylindrical surface to be measured by using a laser tracker and a reflection target ball, wherein the number S of the measured points is not less than 6 and not more than the number N of guide vane shaft holes of the top cover, and the actual measurement coordinate values of the S measured points are assumed to be sequentially，……Firstly, S measuring point coordinates are projected to a plane R to obtain +.>，……Then fitting the projection coordinate points into a circle by using a least square method to obtain the measured circle center coordinate of the base circle>；
S4E, translating the boring cutter bar to the position above the center of the guide vane shaft hole of the No. 1 top cover, adjusting the position of the boring cutter bar to ensure that all the guide vane shaft holes have enough machining allowance, sequentially and uniformly selecting 8 points in the circumferential direction of the boring cutter bar to stop by controlling a vertical lathe or a machine tool to slowly rotate the boring cutter bar, and measuring the coordinates of the points，……Projecting the 8 point space coordinates to the R surface, and fitting into a circle by using a least square method to obtain the actual measurement center coordinates of the guide vane shaft hole of the No. 1 top cover>；
S4F, actually measuring circle center coordinates by using base circleFor the origin, in +.>And->The circle center coordinate connecting line is a +X axis, and a plane actual measurement rectangular coordinate system is established by taking the +X axis anticlockwise 90 DEG direction as a +Y axis +.>Under the coordinate system, the actually measured center coordinates of the guide vane shaft hole of the 1# top cover are +.>；
S4G. established in the step S4FThe coordinates are coordinate systems matched with a theoretical coordinate system OXY, and the center of the 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole is +.>Can be directly combined with theoretical coordinates->And carrying out calculation and analysis and obtaining the true position degree deviation of the current circle center position of the shaft hole.
Further, the specific operation steps of calculating and analyzing the deviation of the current true position of the center of the guide vane shaft hole of the 1# top cover in the step S5 include:
S5I, the step S3B and the step S4G analysis show that the actual position deviation of the current position of the center of the 1# top cover shaft hole is as followsThen there is
Formula (2);
S5J. IfThe method is characterized in that the position of the center of the current 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole meets the design and process requirements, adjustment is not needed, the vertical lathe or the machine tool is controlled to start boring the 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole until the aperture meets the drawing requirements, and the deviation of the true position of the center of the 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole after the processing is finished is>；
S5K, ifThe deviation of the position degree of the center of the current 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole does not meet the requirement, and the step S3B and the step S4G can be known, and the X-axis deviation and the Y-axis deviation of the true center position of the 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole relative to the theoretical center position are assumed to be in sequence>And->Then there is
Formula (3);
S5L according to formula (3) And-> The position of the boring cutter bar of the vertical lathe or the machine tool is adjusted according to the size and the positive-negative relation of the boring cutter bar>When the boring cutter bar is negative, the circle center of the boring cutter bar moves towards the direction away from the circle center of the top coverThe moving distance isWhen->When the value is positive, the circle center of the boring cutter bar moves towards the direction close to the circle center of the top cover, and the moving distance is +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When->When the boring cutter bar is negative, the circle center of the boring cutter bar moves in the direction away from the circle center of the top cover, and the moving distance is +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When->When the boring bar is positive, the circle center of the boring bar moves towards the direction close to the circle center of the top cover, and the moving distance is +.>；
S5M, repeating the operations of the steps S4E to S5I after the movement of the boring cutter bar is stopped, and calculating to obtain the current deviation of the center position of the shaft hole；
S5N. ifThe true position deviation of the circle center of the guide vane shaft hole of the No. 1 top cover after the processing is finished is +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If it isContinuously repeating the steps S5K-S5M until the requirement is met, and supposing that the 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole boring cutter bar is moved n timesAfter movement satisfy->The final circle center coordinate position deviation value of the guide vane shaft hole of the No. 1 top cover is +.>。
Further, referring to the method for calculating and adjusting the position deviation of the center coordinates of the guide vane shaft holes of the 1# top cover, repeating the steps S4E-S5N to sequentially measure and index the rest guide vane shaft holes of the top cover, so that the true position deviation of the centers of all guide vane shaft holes of the top cover is as follows。
Further, the step S3 of calculating and determining the theoretical coordinate of the center of each bottom ring guide vane shaft hole specifically includes:
s3a, assuming that the number of the bottom ring guide vane shaft holes is N, the diameter of a central distribution circle of the bottom ring guide vane shaft holes is D, the connecting line of the circle centers of the bottom ring guide vane shaft holes and the circle centers of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft holes is in the +X axis direction, and a plane rectangular coordinate system OXY is established by taking the +X axis anticlockwise 90 DEG direction as the +Y axis;
s3b, assuming that theoretical coordinates of the centers of the guide vane shaft holes of the base rings 1# to N # are sequentially as follows，……Calculating the center theoretical coordinate of each bottom ring guide vane shaft hole according to the formula (4);
formula (4).
Further, the specific operation steps for measuring and obtaining the center coordinates of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole in the step S4 include:
S4c.the method comprises the steps of sequentially and uniformly selecting M points on a bottom ring opening surface to measure by using a laser tracker and a reflection target ball, wherein the number M of measurement points is not less than 6 and not more than the number N of guide vane shaft holes of the bottom ring, and the actual measurement coordinate values of the M measurement points are assumed to be sequentially，……Fitting the coordinates of the M measuring points into a plane R by adopting a least square method;
s4d, sequentially and uniformly selecting S points on the base cylindrical surface of the bottom ring, measuring by using a laser tracker to reflect target balls, wherein the number S of measurement points is not less than 6 and not more than the number N of guide vane shaft holes of the bottom ring, and the actual measurement coordinate values of the S measurement points are assumed to be sequentially，……Firstly, S measuring point coordinates are projected to a plane R to obtain +.>，……Then fitting the projection coordinate points into a circle by using a least square method to obtain the measured circle center coordinate of the base circle>；
S4e, translating the boring cutter bar to the position above the center of the guide vane shaft hole of the No. 1 bottom ring, and adjusting the position of the boring cutter bar to ensure that all the guide vane shaft holes have enough machining allowance, namely8 points are selected in the circumferential direction of the boring cutter bar to stop and the coordinates of the points are measured by controlling the boring cutter bar to slowly rotate by a vertical lathe or a machine tool，……Projecting the 8 point space coordinates to the R surface, and fitting into a circle by using a least square method to obtain the actually measured circle center coordinates +.>；
S4f, actually measuring circle center coordinates by using base circleFor the origin, in +.>And->The circle center coordinate connecting line is a +X axis, and a plane actual measurement rectangular coordinate system is established by taking the +X axis anticlockwise 90 DEG direction as a +Y axis +.>Under the coordinate system, the actually measured center coordinate of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole is +.>；
S4g. established in the above step S4f The coordinates are coordinate systems matched with a theoretical coordinate system OXY, and the obtained center of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole is +.>Can be directly combined with theoretical coordinates->And carrying out calculation and analysis and obtaining the true position degree deviation of the current circle center position of the shaft hole.
Further, the specific operation steps of calculating and analyzing the deviation of the current true position of the center of the guide vane shaft hole of the 1# bottom ring in the step S5 include:
s5i, analyzing the step S3b and the step S4g to obtain that the actual position deviation of the current position of the center of the 1# bottom ring shaft hole isThen there is
Formula (5);
s5j, ifThe position of the circle center of the current 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole meets the design and process requirements, no adjustment is needed, the vertical lathe or the machine tool is controlled to start boring the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole until the aperture meets the drawing requirements, and the deviation of the true position degree of the circle center of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole after the processing is finished is +.>；
S5k, ifThe deviation of the position degree of the center of the current 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole does not meet the requirement, and the step S3b and the step S4g can know that the X-axis deviation and the Y-axis deviation of the true center position of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole relative to the theoretical center position are sequentially as follows>And->Then there is
Formula (6);
s5l according to formula (6) And-> The position of the boring cutter bar of the vertical lathe or the machine tool is adjusted according to the size and the positive-negative relation of the boring cutter bar>When the boring cutter bar is negative, the circle center of the boring cutter bar moves in the direction away from the circle center of the bottom ring, and the moving distance is thatWhen->When the boring bar is positive, the circle center of the boring bar moves towards the direction close to the circle center of the bottom ring, and the moving distance is +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When->When the boring bar is negative, the circle center of the boring bar moves away from the circle center of the bottom ring by the distance of +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When->When the value is positive, the circle center of the boring cutter bar is close to the circle center of the bottom ringMove by a distance of +.>；
S5, repeating the operations of the steps S4e to S5i after the movement of the hole boring cutter bar is stopped, and calculating to obtain the current deviation of the center position of the shaft hole；
S5n. IfThe true position deviation of the circle center of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole after the machining is finished is +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If it isContinuously repeating the steps S5 k-S5 m until the requirement is met, and assuming that the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole boring cutter bar is moved n times and then meets the requirement>The final circle center coordinate position deviation value of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole is +.>。
Further, referring to the method for calculating and adjusting the position deviation of the circle center coordinates of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole, the steps S4 e-S5 n are repeated to sequentially measure and index the rest of the bottom ring guide vane shaft holes, so that the true position deviation of the circle centers of all guide vane shaft holes of the bottom ring is as follows。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. compared with the traditional method for measuring and calculating the deviation of the circle center position degree of the guide vane axle hole by adopting the linear measuring tool of the micrometer, the novel three-dimensional measuring technology of the laser tracker has the characteristics of more accuracy, convenience and high efficiency, and can judge the real coordinate value of the space of the measuring target more conveniently and accurately;
2. the position of the cutter bar can be quickly and accurately adjusted by a series of process methods and calculation methods provided by the invention so as to meet the design and process requirements of deviation of the circle center position degree after the machining of the shaft hole;
3. the three-dimensional measurement shaft hole indexing processing method can avoid calculation system errors and indirect measurement errors, and can greatly reduce the measurement errors, so that the top cover and the bottom ring have complete universal interchange characteristics, and the flexibility in the manufacturing process and the flexibility in field installation are greatly improved;
through the novel processing method, the coaxiality precision of the top cover and the bottom ring guide vane shaft hole after processing can be greatly improved, the alignment efficiency of the shaft hole before processing can be greatly improved, and the preparation time of the product before processing can be shortened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a bottom ring structure of a water guiding mechanism of a water turbine
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the top cover structure of the water guiding mechanism of the water turbine
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of three-dimensional measurement indexing processing of a top cover guide vane shaft hole
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a structure of a boring bar
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the measurement of the open face of the top cover
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of measurement of the cylindrical surface of the base of the top cover and the 1# shaft hole
Reference numerals: 1-bottom ring 2-bottom ring base cylindrical surface 3-bottom ring guide vane shaft hole 4-bottom ring opening surface 5-top cover 6-top cover base cylindrical surface 7-top cover guide vane shaft hole 8-top cover opening surface 9-vertical lathe 10-vertical lathe chuck 11-jack 12-jack 13-fixed tool 14-laser tracker 15-vertical lathe tool rest 16-boring cutter bar 17-boring cutter 18-reflection target ball
19-a reflective target ball tool holder 20-a binding screw.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-6, a three-dimensional measuring and indexing processing method for a top cover or a bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of a water turbine is characterized in that: the measuring of the top cover or the bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of the water turbine comprises the following process steps:
s1, placing a top cover 5 or a bottom ring 1 on a vertical lathe 9 or a processing workbench surface of a machine tool, simultaneously placing an overflow surface of a workpiece upwards, enabling the levelness of a top cover opening surface 8 or a bottom ring opening surface 4 to be smaller than or equal to a set levelness by adjusting a jack 11, and adjusting a locking claw 12 to enable the top cover 5 or the bottom ring 1 to be kept fixed;
s2, a fixing tool 13 is placed on the overflow surface of the top cover 5 or the bottom ring 1 and used as a measuring host station of the laser tracker 14, a boring cutter bar 16 for processing a guide vane shaft hole is connected and fixed with a vertical lathe cutter bar 15 or a machine tool cutter bar, a reflecting target ball tool seat 19 is fastened on the boring cutter bar 16 through a fastening screw 20, a reflecting target ball 18 is assembled on the reflecting target ball tool seat 19, and the height of the laser tracker 14 is adjusted to ensure that the reflecting target ball 18 on the boring cutter bar 16 is in the measuring view of the laser tracker 14;
s3, calculating and determining theoretical coordinates of the center of each top cover guide vane shaft hole 7 or each bottom ring guide vane shaft hole 3 according to the top cover or bottom ring design drawing information;
s4, sequentially measuring a top cover opening surface 8, a top cover base cylindrical surface 6 and a 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole or a bottom ring opening surface 4, a bottom ring base cylindrical surface 2 and a 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole through a laser tracker 14 and a reflecting target ball 18, calculating to obtain related plane and circle center coordinates through measured related data, and establishing a measurement coordinate system taking the actual measurement position of the top cover guide vane shaft hole 7 or the bottom ring guide vane shaft hole 3 as a referenceOverlapping and matching the actual measurement coordinate system with the theoretical coordinate system;
s5, the allowable position degree deviation of the design process is thatAnalyzing and obtaining the current true position deviation of the center of the guide vane shaft hole of the 1# top cover or the guide vane shaft hole of the 1# bottom ring, and adjusting the position of the boring cutter bar 16 to reduce the position deviation of the center of the guide vane shaft hole until the design process requirement is met;
s6, referring to a method for calculating and adjusting the position deviation of the center coordinates of the 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole or the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole, sequentially measuring and dividing the rest top cover guide vane shaft holes 7 or the bottom ring guide vane shaft holes 3, and calculating and determining the final position deviation of the center coordinates of all the rest guide vane shaft holes on the premise that the design and process requirements are met.
The levelness is set to be 0.05mm in the step S1.
In the step S2, the backing plate has magnetic attraction property, and a spherical groove is formed above the backing plate for placing the backing plate.
Example 2
Based on the operating steps of embodiment 1, the # 1 cap vane axle hole is one of the number of measuring cap vane axle holes;
the step S3 of calculating and determining the theoretical coordinate of the center of each top cover guide vane shaft hole specifically comprises the following steps:
S3A, assuming that the number of the top cover guide vane shaft holes is N, the diameter of a distribution circle at the center of the top cover guide vane shaft holes is D, connecting the circle center of the distribution circle of the top cover guide vane shaft holes with the circle center of the 1# top cover guide vane shaft holes as an origin O to be in the +X axis direction, and establishing a plane rectangular coordinate system OXY by taking the +X axis anticlockwise 90 DEG direction as a +Y axis;
S3B, assuming that theoretical coordinates of centers of guide vane shaft holes of the top covers 1# to N # are sequentially as follows，……Calculating the center theoretical coordinate of each top cover guide vane shaft hole according to the formula (1);
formula (1).
Example 3:
based on the operation steps of embodiment 2, the specific operation steps for measuring and obtaining the center coordinates of the guide vane shaft hole of the 1# top cover in the step S4 include:
S4C, according to the position of the opening surface of the top coverThe M points are uniformly selected for measurement by a laser tracker and a reflective target ball, the number M of measurement points is not less than 6 and not more than the number N of guide vane shaft holes of the top cover, and the actual measurement coordinate values of the M measurement points are assumed to be sequentially，……Fitting the coordinates of the M measuring points into a plane R by adopting a least square method;
S4D, sequentially and uniformly selecting S points on the top cover base cylindrical surface to be measured by using a laser tracker and a reflection target ball, wherein the number S of the measured points is not less than 6 and not more than the number N of guide vane shaft holes of the top cover, and the actual measurement coordinate values of the S measured points are assumed to be sequentially，……Firstly, S measuring point coordinates are projected to a plane R to obtain +.>，……Then fitting the projection coordinate points into a circle by using a least square method to obtain the measured circle center coordinate of the base circle>；
S4E, translating the boring cutter bar to the position above the center of the guide vane shaft hole of the No. 1 top cover, and adjusting the position of the boring cutter bar to ensure that all the guide vane shaft holes have enough machining allowance8 points are selected from the over-control vertical lathe or machine tool slow rotation boring cutter bar in the circumferential direction of the over-control vertical lathe or machine tool slow rotation boring cutter bar to stop and the coordinates of the points are measured，……Projecting the 8 point space coordinates to the R surface, and fitting into a circle by using a least square method to obtain the actual measurement center coordinates of the guide vane shaft hole of the No. 1 top cover>；
S4F, actually measuring circle center coordinates by using base circleFor the origin, in +.>And->The circle center coordinate connecting line is a +X axis, and a plane actual measurement rectangular coordinate system is established by taking the +X axis anticlockwise 90 DEG direction as a +Y axis +.>Under the coordinate system, the actually measured center coordinates of the guide vane shaft hole of the 1# top cover are +.>；
S4G. established in the step S4FThe coordinates are coordinate systems matched with a theoretical coordinate system OXY, and the center of the 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole is +.>Can be directly combined with theoretical coordinates->And carrying out calculation and analysis and obtaining the true position degree deviation of the current circle center position of the shaft hole.
Example 4
Based on the operation steps of embodiment 3, the specific operation steps for calculating and analyzing the current true position deviation of the center of the guide vane shaft hole of the 1# top cover in the step S5 include:
S5I, the step S3B and the step S4G analysis show that the actual position deviation of the current position of the center of the 1# top cover shaft hole is as followsThen there is
Formula (2);
S5J. IfThe method is characterized in that the position of the center of the current 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole meets the design and process requirements, adjustment is not needed, the vertical lathe or the machine tool is controlled to start boring the 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole until the aperture meets the drawing requirements, and the deviation of the true position of the center of the 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole after the processing is finished is>；
S5K, ifThe deviation of the position degree of the center of the current 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole does not meet the requirement, and the step S3B and the step S4G can be known, and the X-axis deviation and the Y-axis deviation of the true center position of the 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole relative to the theoretical center position are assumed to be in sequence>And->Then there is
Formula (3);
S5L according to formula (3) And-> The position of the boring cutter bar of the vertical lathe or the machine tool is adjusted according to the size and the positive-negative relation of the boring cutter bar>When the boring cutter bar is negative, the circle center of the boring cutter bar moves in the direction away from the circle center of the top cover, and the moving distance is thatWhen->When the value is positive, the circle center of the boring cutter bar moves towards the direction close to the circle center of the top cover, and the moving distance is +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When->When the boring cutter bar is negative, the circle center of the boring cutter bar moves in the direction away from the circle center of the top cover, and the moving distance is +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When->When the value is positive, the circle center of the boring cutter bar moves towards the direction close to the circle center of the top coverThe movement distance is->；
S5M, repeating the operations of the steps S4E to S5I after the movement of the boring cutter bar is stopped, and calculating to obtain the current deviation of the center position of the shaft hole；
S5N. ifThe true position deviation of the circle center of the guide vane shaft hole of the No. 1 top cover after the processing is finished is +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If it isContinuously repeating the steps S5K-S5M until the requirement is met, and assuming that the 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole boring cutter bar is moved n times and then meets the requirement>The final circle center coordinate position deviation value of the guide vane shaft hole of the No. 1 top cover is +.>。
Example 5
Based on the operation procedure of embodiment 4, the steps S4E to S5N are repeated to sequentially measure and index the remaining top cover guide vane shaft holes by referring to the method for calculating and adjusting the position deviation of the center coordinates of the guide vane shaft holes of the 1# top cover, so that the true position deviation of the centers of all guide vane shaft holes of the top cover ring is。
Example 6:
based on the operation structure of embodiment 1, the step S3 of calculating and determining the theoretical coordinate operation step of the center of each bottom ring guide vane shaft hole specifically includes:
s3a, assuming that the number of the bottom ring guide vane shaft holes is N, the diameter of a central distribution circle of the bottom ring guide vane shaft holes is D, the connecting line of the circle centers of the bottom ring guide vane shaft holes and the circle centers of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft holes is in the +X axis direction, and a plane rectangular coordinate system OXY is established by taking the +X axis anticlockwise 90 DEG direction as the +Y axis;
s3b, assuming that theoretical coordinates of the centers of the guide vane shaft holes of the base rings 1# to N # are sequentially as follows，……Calculating the center theoretical coordinate of each bottom ring guide vane shaft hole according to the formula (4);
formula (4).
Example 7
Based on the operation steps of embodiment 6, the specific operation steps for measuring and obtaining the center coordinates of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole in the step S4 include:
s4c, sequentially and uniformly selecting M points on the bottom ring opening surface to measure by using a laser tracker and a reflective target ball, wherein the number M of measurement points is not less than 6 and not more than the number N of guide vane shaft holes of the bottom ring, and the actual measurement coordinate values of the M measurement points are assumed to be sequentially，……Fitting the coordinates of the M measuring points into a plane R by adopting a least square method;
s4d, sequentially and uniformly selecting S points on the base cylindrical surface of the bottom ring, measuring by using a laser tracker and a reflective target ball, wherein the number S of the measuring points is requiredNot less than 6 and not more than the number N of the guide vane shaft holes of the bottom ring, and the actual measurement coordinate values of the S measuring points are assumed to be sequentially，……Firstly, S measuring point coordinates are projected to a plane R to obtain +.>，……Then fitting the projection coordinate points into a circle by using a least square method to obtain the measured circle center coordinate of the base circle>；
S4e, translating the boring cutter bar to the position above the center of the guide vane shaft hole of the No. 1 bottom ring, adjusting the position of the boring cutter bar to ensure that all the guide vane shaft holes have enough machining allowance, sequentially and uniformly selecting 8 points in the circumferential direction of the boring cutter bar to stop by controlling a vertical lathe or a machine tool to slowly rotate, and measuring the coordinates of the points，……Projecting the 8 point space coordinates to the R surface, and fitting into a circle by using a least square method to obtain the actually measured circle center coordinates +.>；
S4f, actually measuring circle center coordinates by using base circleFor the origin, in +.>And->The circle center coordinate connecting line is a +X axis, and a plane actual measurement rectangular coordinate system is established by taking the +X axis anticlockwise 90 DEG direction as a +Y axis +.>Under the coordinate system, the actually measured center coordinate of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole is +.>；
S4g. established in the above step S4f The coordinates are coordinate systems matched with a theoretical coordinate system OXY, and the obtained center of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole is +.>Can be directly combined with theoretical coordinates->And carrying out calculation and analysis and obtaining the true position degree deviation of the current circle center position of the shaft hole.
Example 8
Based on the operation steps of embodiment 7, the specific operation steps for calculating and analyzing the current true position deviation of the center of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole in the step S5 include:
s5i, analyzing the step S3b and the step S4g to obtain that the actual position deviation of the current position of the center of the 1# bottom ring shaft hole isThen there is
Formula (5);
s5j, ifThe position of the circle center of the current 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole meets the design and process requirements, no adjustment is needed, the vertical lathe or the machine tool is controlled to start boring the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole until the aperture meets the drawing requirements, and the deviation of the true position degree of the circle center of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole after the processing is finished is +.>；
S5k, ifThe deviation of the position degree of the center of the current 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole does not meet the requirement, and the step S3b and the step S4g can know that the X-axis deviation and the Y-axis deviation of the true center position of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole relative to the theoretical center position are sequentially as follows>And->Then there is
Formula (6);
s5l according to formula (6) And-> The position of the boring cutter bar of the vertical lathe or the machine tool is adjusted according to the size and the positive-negative relation of the boring cutter bar>When the boring cutter bar is negative, the circle center of the boring cutter bar moves in the direction away from the circle center of the bottom ring, and the moving distance is thatWhen->When the boring bar is positive, the circle center of the boring bar moves towards the direction close to the circle center of the bottom ring, and the moving distance is +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When->When the boring bar is negative, the circle center of the boring bar moves away from the circle center of the bottom ring by the distance of +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When->When the boring bar is positive, the circle center of the boring bar moves towards the direction close to the circle center of the bottom ring, and the moving distance is +.>；
S5, repeating the operations of the steps S4e to S5i after the movement of the hole boring cutter bar is stopped, and calculating to obtain the current deviation of the center position of the shaft hole；
S5n. IfThe true position deviation of the circle center of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole after the machining is finished is +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If->Continuously repeating the steps S5 k-S5 m until the requirement is met, and assuming that the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole boring cutter bar is moved n times and then meets the requirement>The final circle center coordinate position deviation value of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole is +.>。
Example 9
Based on the operation procedure of example 8, the steps S4e to S5n are repeated to sequentially measure and index the remaining bottom ring guide vane shaft holes, and thus the true position deviation of the circle centers of all guide vane shaft holes of the bottom ring is。/>
Claims (13)
1. A three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method for a top cover or a bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of a water turbine is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the measuring of the top cover or the bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of the water turbine comprises the following process steps:
s1, placing a top cover (5) or a bottom ring (1) on a processing workbench surface of a vertical lathe (9) or a machine tool, enabling an overflow surface of a workpiece to be placed upwards, enabling the levelness of a top cover opening surface (8) or a bottom ring opening surface (4) to be smaller than or equal to a set levelness by adjusting a jack (11), and adjusting a locking claw (12) to enable the top cover (5) or the bottom ring (1) to be kept fixed;
s2, a fixed tool (13) is placed on the overflow surface of the top cover (5) or the bottom ring (1) and used as a measuring host station of the laser tracker (14), a boring cutter bar (16) for processing the guide vane shaft hole is connected and fixed with a vertical lathe cutter rest (15) or a machine tool cutter rest, a reflecting target ball tool seat (19) is fastened on the boring cutter bar (16) through a fastening screw (20), a reflecting target ball (18) is assembled on the reflecting target ball tool seat (19), and the height of the laser tracker (14) is adjusted to ensure that the reflecting target ball (18) on the boring cutter bar (16) is positioned in a measuring view field of the laser tracker (14);
s3, calculating and determining theoretical coordinates of the center of each top cover guide vane shaft hole (7) or each bottom ring guide vane shaft hole (3) according to the top cover or bottom ring design drawing information;
s4, sequentially measuring a top cover opening surface (8), a top cover base cylindrical surface (6), a 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole or a bottom ring opening surface (4), a bottom ring base cylindrical surface (2) and a 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole through a laser tracker (14) and a reflecting target ball (18), calculating to obtain related plane and circle center coordinates through measured related data, and establishing a measurement coordinate system taking the actual measurement position of the top cover guide vane shaft hole (7) or the bottom ring guide vane shaft hole (3) as a referenceOverlapping and matching the actual measurement coordinate system with the theoretical coordinate system;
s5, the allowable position degree deviation of the design process is thatAnalyzing and obtaining the current true position deviation of the center of the guide vane shaft hole of the 1# top cover or the guide vane shaft hole of the 1# bottom ring, and adjusting the position of the boring cutter bar (16) to reduce the position deviation of the center of the guide vane shaft hole until the design process requirement is met;
s6, referring to a method for calculating and adjusting the position deviation of the center coordinates of the 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole or the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole, sequentially measuring and dividing the rest top cover guide vane shaft holes (7) or the bottom ring guide vane shaft holes (3), and calculating and determining the final position deviation of the center coordinates of all the rest guide vane shaft holes on the premise that the design and process requirements are met.
2. The three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method for the top cover or the bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of the water turbine according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the levelness is set to be 0.05mm in the step S1.
3. The three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method for the top cover or the bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of the water turbine according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the step S2, the reflecting target ball tool seat (19) has magnetic attraction property, and a spherical groove is arranged above the reflecting target ball tool seat for placing the reflecting target ball (18).
4. The three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method for the top cover or the bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of the water turbine according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the No. 1 top cover guide vane shaft hole is one of the numbers of the measuring top cover guide vane shaft holes (7).
5. The three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method for the top cover or the bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of the water turbine according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the No. 1 bottom ring guide vane shaft hole is one of the numbers of the measuring bottom ring guide vane shaft holes (3).
6. The three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method for the top cover or the bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of the water turbine according to claim 4, wherein the three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method comprises the following steps of: the step S3 of calculating and determining the theoretical coordinate of the center of each top cover guide vane shaft hole specifically comprises the following steps:
S3A, assuming that the number of the top cover guide vane shaft holes is N, the diameter of a distribution circle at the center of the top cover guide vane shaft holes is D, connecting the circle center of the distribution circle of the top cover guide vane shaft holes with the circle center of the 1# top cover guide vane shaft holes as an origin O to be in the +X axis direction, and establishing a plane rectangular coordinate system OXY by taking the +X axis anticlockwise 90 DEG direction as a +Y axis;
S3B, assuming that theoretical coordinates of centers of guide vane shaft holes of the top covers 1# to N # are sequentially as follows，……Calculating the center theoretical coordinate of each top cover guide vane shaft hole according to the formula (1);
formula (1).
7. The three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method for the top cover or the bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of the water turbine according to claim 6, wherein the three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method comprises the following steps of: the specific operation steps for measuring and obtaining the center coordinates of the guide vane shaft hole of the 1# top cover in the step S4 comprise the following steps:
S4C, sequentially and uniformly selecting M points on the top cover opening surface to measure by using a laser tracker and a reflection target ball, wherein the number M of measurement points is not less than 6 and not more than the number N of guide vane shaft holes of the top cover, and the actual measurement coordinate values of the M measurement points are assumed to be sequentially，……Fitting the coordinates of the M measuring points into a plane R by adopting a least square method;
S4D, sequentially and uniformly selecting S points on the base cylindrical surface of the top cover, measuring by using a laser tracker to reflect target balls, wherein the number S of measurement points is not less than 6 and not more than the number N of guide vane shaft holes of the top cover, and the actual measurement coordinate values of the S measurement points are assumed to be sequentially，……Firstly, the coordinates of S measuring points are projected to a plane R to obtainTo->，……Then fitting the projection coordinate points into a circle by using a least square method to obtain the measured circle center coordinate of the base circle>；
S4E, translating the boring cutter bar to the position above the center of the guide vane shaft hole of the No. 1 top cover, adjusting the position of the boring cutter bar to ensure that all the guide vane shaft holes have enough machining allowance, sequentially and uniformly selecting 8 points in the circumferential direction of the boring cutter bar to stop by controlling a vertical lathe or a machine tool to slowly rotate the boring cutter bar, and measuring the coordinates of the points，……Projecting the 8 point space coordinates to the R surface, and fitting into a circle by using a least square method to obtain the actual measurement center coordinates of the guide vane shaft hole of the No. 1 top cover>；
S4F, actually measuring circle center coordinates by using base circleFor the origin, in +.>And->The circle center coordinate connecting line is a +X axis, and a plane actual measurement rectangular coordinate system is established by taking the +X axis anticlockwise 90 DEG direction as a +Y axis +.>Under the coordinate system, the actually measured center coordinates of the guide vane shaft hole of the 1# top cover are +.>；
S4G. established in the step S4FThe coordinates are coordinate systems matched with a theoretical coordinate system OXY, and the center of the 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole is +.>Can be directly combined with theoretical coordinates->And carrying out calculation and analysis and obtaining the true position degree deviation of the current circle center position of the shaft hole.
8. The three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method for the top cover or the bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of the water turbine according to claim 7, wherein the three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method comprises the following steps of: the specific operation steps for calculating and analyzing the current true position deviation of the center of the guide vane shaft hole of the 1# top cover in the step S5 include:
S5I, analyzing the step S3B and the step S4G to obtain that the actual position deviation of the current position of the center of the guide vane shaft hole of the 1# top cover is as followsThen there is
Formula (2);
S5J. IfThe method is characterized in that the position of the center of the current 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole meets the design and process requirements, adjustment is not needed, the vertical lathe or the machine tool is controlled to start boring the 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole until the aperture meets the drawing requirements, and the deviation of the true position of the center of the 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole after the processing is finished is>；
S5K, ifThe deviation of the position degree of the center of the current 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole does not meet the requirement, and the step S3B and the step S4G can be known, and the X-axis deviation and the Y-axis deviation of the true center position of the 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole relative to the theoretical center position are assumed to be in sequence>And->Then there is
Formula (3);
S5L according to formula (3)And->The position of the boring cutter bar of the vertical lathe or the machine tool is adjusted according to the size and the positive-negative relation of the boring cutter bar>When the boring cutter bar is negative, the circle center of the boring cutter bar moves in the direction away from the circle center of the top cover, and the moving distance is +.>When->When the value is positive, the circle center of the boring cutter bar moves towards the direction close to the circle center of the top cover, and the moving distance is +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When->When the boring cutter bar is negative, the circle center of the boring cutter bar moves in the direction away from the circle center of the top cover, and the moving distance is +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When->When the boring bar is positive, the circle center of the boring bar moves towards the direction close to the circle center of the top cover, and the moving distance is +.>；
S5M, repeating the operations of the steps S4E to S5I after the movement of the boring cutter bar is stopped, and calculating to obtain the current deviation of the center position of the shaft hole；
S5N. ifThe true position deviation of the circle center of the guide vane shaft hole of the No. 1 top cover after the processing is finished is +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If it isContinuously repeating the steps S5K-S5M until the requirement is met, and assuming that the 1# top cover guide vane shaft hole boring cutter bar is moved n times and then meets the requirement>The final circle center coordinate position deviation value of the guide vane shaft hole of the No. 1 top cover is +.>。
9. The three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method for the top cover or the bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of the water turbine according to claim 8, wherein the three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method comprises the following steps of: referring to the method for calculating and adjusting the position deviation of the center coordinates of the guide vane shaft holes of the 1# top cover, repeating the steps S4E-S5N to sequentially measure and index the rest guide vane shaft holes of the top cover, so that the true position deviation of the centers of all guide vane shaft holes of the top cover is。
10. The three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method for the top cover or the bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of the water turbine according to claim 5, wherein the three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the step S3 of calculating and determining the theoretical coordinate of the center of each bottom ring guide vane shaft hole specifically comprises the following steps:
s3a, assuming that the number of the bottom ring guide vane shaft holes is N, the diameter of a central distribution circle of the bottom ring guide vane shaft holes is D, the connecting line of the circle centers of the bottom ring guide vane shaft holes and the circle centers of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft holes is in the +X axis direction, and a plane rectangular coordinate system OXY is established by taking the +X axis anticlockwise 90 DEG direction as the +Y axis;
s3b, assuming that theoretical coordinates of the centers of the guide vane shaft holes of the base rings 1# to N # are sequentially as follows，……Calculating the center theoretical coordinate of each bottom ring guide vane shaft hole according to the formula (4);
formula (4).
11. The three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method for the top cover or the bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of the water turbine according to claim 10, wherein the three-dimensional measurement indexing processing method comprises the following steps of: the specific operation steps for measuring and obtaining the center coordinates of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole in the step S4 comprise the following steps:
s4c, sequentially and uniformly selecting M points on the bottom ring opening surface to measure by using a laser tracker and a reflective target ball, wherein the number M of measurement points is not less than 6 and not more than the number N of guide vane shaft holes of the bottom ring, and the actual measurement coordinate values of the M measurement points are assumed to be sequentially，……Fitting the coordinates of the M measuring points into a plane R by adopting a least square method;
s4d, sequentially and uniformly selecting S points on the base cylindrical surface of the bottom ring, measuring by using a laser tracker and a reflection target ball, wherein the number S of measurement points is not less than 6 and not more than the number N of guide vane shaft holes of the bottom ring, and the actual measurement coordinate values of the S measurement points are assumed to be sequentially，……Firstly, S measuring point coordinates are projected to a plane R to obtain +.>，……Then fitting the projection coordinate points into a circle by using a least square method to obtain the measured circle center coordinate of the base circle>；
S4e, translating the boring cutter bar to the position above the center of the guide vane shaft hole of the No. 1 bottom ring, adjusting the position of the boring cutter bar to ensure that all the guide vane shaft holes have enough machining allowance, sequentially and uniformly selecting 8 points in the circumferential direction of the boring cutter bar to stop by controlling a vertical lathe or a machine tool to slowly rotate, and measuring the coordinates of the points，……Projecting the 8 point space coordinates to the R surface, and fitting into a circle by using a least square method to obtain the actually measured circle center coordinates +.>；
S4f, actually measuring circle center coordinates by using base circleFor the origin, in +.>And->The circle center coordinate connecting line is a +X axis, and a plane actual measurement rectangular coordinate system is established by taking the +X axis anticlockwise 90 DEG direction as a +Y axis +.>Under the coordinate system, the actually measured center coordinate of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole is +.>；
S4g. established in the above step S4fThe coordinates are coordinate systems matched with a theoretical coordinate system OXY, and the obtained center of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole is +.>Can be directly combined with theoretical coordinates->And carrying out calculation and analysis and obtaining the true position degree deviation of the current circle center position of the shaft hole.
12. The three-dimensional measurement indexing method for the top cover or the bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of the water turbine according to claim 11, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific operation steps for calculating and analyzing the deviation of the current true position degree of the center of the circle of the guide vane shaft hole of the 1# bottom ring in the step S5 include:
s5i, analyzing the step S3b and the step S4g to obtain that the actual position deviation of the current position of the center of the guide vane shaft hole of the 1# bottom ring is as followsThen there is
Formula (5);
s5j, ifThe position of the circle center of the current 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole meets the design and process requirements, no adjustment is needed, the vertical lathe or the machine tool is controlled to start boring the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole until the aperture meets the drawing requirements, and the deviation of the true position degree of the circle center of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole after the processing is finished is +.>；
S5k, ifThe deviation of the position degree of the center of the current 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole does not meet the requirement, and the step S3b and the step S4g can know that the X-axis deviation and the Y-axis deviation of the true center position of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole relative to the theoretical center position are sequentially as follows>And->Then there is
Formula (6);
s5l according to formula (6)And->The position of the boring cutter bar of the vertical lathe or the machine tool is adjusted according to the size and the positive-negative relation of the boring cutter bar>When the boring bar is negative, the center of the circle of the boring bar is farMoving in the direction away from the center of the bottom ring by the distance +.>When->When the boring bar is positive, the circle center of the boring bar moves towards the direction close to the circle center of the bottom ring, and the moving distance is +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When->When the boring bar is negative, the circle center of the boring bar moves away from the circle center of the bottom ring by the distance of +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When->When the boring bar is positive, the circle center of the boring bar moves towards the direction close to the circle center of the bottom ring, and the moving distance is +.>；
S5, repeating the operations of the steps S4e to S5i after the movement of the hole boring cutter bar is stopped, and calculating to obtain the current deviation of the center position of the shaft hole；
S5n. IfThe true position deviation of the circle center of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole after the machining is finished is +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If it isContinuously repeating the steps S5 k-S5 m until the requirement is met, and assuming that the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole boring cutter bar is moved n times and then meets the requirement>The final circle center coordinate position deviation value of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole is +.>。
13. The three-dimensional measurement indexing method for the top cover or the bottom ring guide vane shaft hole of the water turbine according to claim 12, wherein the method comprises the following steps: referring to the method for calculating and adjusting the position deviation of the circle center coordinates of the 1# bottom ring guide vane shaft hole, repeating the steps S4 e-S5 n to sequentially measure and index the rest bottom ring guide vane shaft holes, so that the true position deviation of the circle centers of all guide vane shaft holes of the bottom ring is as follows。
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| CN118204543A (en) * | 2024-04-30 | 2024-06-18 | 中国长江电力股份有限公司 | Device and method for processing inner wall surface of large-diameter seat ring |
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