CN117122280A - Postoperative cognitive dysfunction prevention evaluation method system and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a method system and a device for preventing and evaluating postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the technical field of medical treatment, and the method comprises the following specific steps: step one: filling a WAIS table in a patient before operation, and collecting brain electrical signals of the patient while filling the table; step two: filling a WAIS table in a patient after operation, and collecting brain electrical signals of the patient while filling the table; step three: comparing the WAIS table filled in before and after operation with the brain electrical signal during table filling; step four: based on the comparison, a preventive assessment of cognitive dysfunction is made. The application adopts the combination mode of the arc plates to assemble according to the head difference of patients, can better adapt to the requirements of different patients, and improves the accuracy and reliability of the acquisition effect; meanwhile, the brain electrical signal acquisition device can be worn by a patient for a long time without generating obvious discomfort to the patient, so that the success rate and the quality of brain electrical signal acquisition can be improved, and doctors can be helped to timely prevent and evaluate the postoperative cognitive dysfunction of the patient.

Description

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction prevention evaluation method system and device

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of medical treatment, and particularly relates to a postoperative cognitive dysfunction prevention and evaluation method system and device.

Background

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is commonly known as POCD (Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction) in medicine and refers to the symptoms of reduced cognitive ability, reduced memory, inattention and the like caused by anesthesia, surgery or other related factors after surgery.

The prophylactic assessment of post-operative cognitive dysfunction mainly includes two aspects: first, risk assessment before surgery and second, monitoring and intervention after surgery. The risk assessment before surgery can be carried out by evaluating factors such as age, medical history, surgery mode and the like of the patient, and whether the patient is at high risk of suffering from the disease is determined. Post-operative monitoring and intervention can then be used to determine whether cognitive dysfunction is present by performing post-operative attention and memory related examinations on the patient. When the corresponding symptoms appear, the measures such as medication, nutrition supplement, psychological adjustment and the like are adopted in time for intervention, and follow-up is carried out regularly.

For example, chinese patent, publication No.: the application discloses a convenient and quick neuro-cognitive function assessment method and device, and relates to the technical field of medical treatment. The method comprises the steps of acquiring physiological information, sound information and gait information of an evaluation object, and automatically analyzing the neuro-cognitive function of the evaluation object by fusing multi-mode data; and the evaluation result is obtained rapidly. The method has high accuracy and efficiency; the device has strong adaptability and mobility and low configuration and maintenance cost. The application not only can be used for conventional cognitive function assessment and fall risk prediction, but also can be used for pre-prevention, post-rehabilitation training and guiding treatment for cognitive dysfunction people to a certain extent, and can promote the research of cognitive mechanism.

However, in practical use, the postoperative wound condition of the patient needs to be considered in the postoperative cognitive dysfunction prevention evaluation of the patient, and the postoperative wound condition of the patient may influence the physical condition and the recovery process of the patient, so that the cognitive function of the patient is influenced. For example, postoperative pain, various discomfort or infection, etc. may cause physical fatigue and anxiety in the patient, possibly resulting in a decline in cognitive function. Therefore, the postoperative wound condition of the patient is fully considered when the postoperative cognitive dysfunction prevention evaluation is carried out, and the patient is ensured to safely and comfortably complete the evaluation task. The application provides a post-operation cognitive dysfunction prevention and assessment method system and a post-operation cognitive dysfunction prevention and assessment device, so as to solve the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a post-operation cognitive dysfunction prevention evaluation method system and a post-operation cognitive dysfunction prevention evaluation device, which are assembled according to head differences of patients in a combination mode of arc plates, can better adapt to requirements of different patients, and improve accuracy and reliability of acquisition effects; meanwhile, the brain electrical signal acquisition device can be worn by a patient for a long time without generating obvious discomfort to the patient, so that the success rate and the quality of brain electrical signal acquisition can be improved, and doctors can be helped to timely prevent and evaluate the postoperative cognitive dysfunction of the patient.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows: a method for preventing and evaluating postoperative cognitive dysfunction comprises the following specific steps:

step one: the WAIS table is filled in by the patient before operation, and the electroencephalogram signals of the patient are acquired while the table is filled in.

Step two: after operation, the patient fills in the WAIS table, and the electroencephalogram signals of the patient are acquired while the table is filled in.

Step three: and comparing the WAIS table filled in before and after operation with the EEG signal in the process of table filling.

Step four: based on the comparison, a preventive assessment of cognitive dysfunction is made.

After the scheme is adopted, the following beneficial effects are realized: WAIS, known collectively as the weckehler adult intellectual scale (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale), can be used to assess cognitive dysfunction. Cognitive dysfunction refers to a series of symptoms that affect cognitive ability, including hypomnesis, inattention, decreased ability to solve problems, and the like. By performing the WAIS test on cognition dysfunction patients, their scores in different areas of mental capacity can be obtained, thereby helping to assess their mental level and the cognitive abilities affected.

The individual subtest of the WAIS may provide detailed information about cognitive functions such as language understanding, reasoning capabilities, working memory and processing speed, etc. These data can be used to determine whether the patient is suffering from cognitive dysfunction in various ways and to assist in the planning of appropriate treatments and interventions.

The method comprises the steps of collecting, processing and calculating the brain electrical signals of a patient during pre-operation and post-operation form filling, testing the results through the WAIS form, comparing the brain electrical signal values of the patient before and after operation, and comparing the change conditions between the two groups of data, so that the influence of operation on the cognitive function of the patient is evaluated.

The method is helpful for doctors to timely prevent and evaluate the cognitive dysfunction of patients after operation, and corresponding measures are taken for prevention.

Further, the pre-operative and post-operative brain electrical signals acquired in step one and step two are EEG signals.

The beneficial effects are that: the brain electrical signals collected before and after operation are EEG signals, which are all called computer magnetic map (Electroencephalography). The principle is that a plurality of electrodes arranged on the scalp are utilized to detect weak current generated by neuron activity of each area of the head, and corresponding potential distribution is recorded so as to reflect the electrical activity condition of the cerebral cortex of the patient.

The brain electrical signals are acquired before and after operation, so that the influence of the operation on the cognitive function of the patient can be known. The factors such as age, diseases and the like are considered before operation, basic EEG data are obtained, targeted, quantitative and standard treatment can be carried out, and corresponding prevention strategies are formulated. By monitoring after operation, abnormal changes in the aspects of memory disorder, attention deficit and the like can be timely found, thereby helping medical staff to take intervention measures earlier.

Although the electroencephalogram signal acquisition has a certain degree of invasiveness, the electroencephalogram signal acquisition is very safe and does not cause any wound to a patient, and the EEG is used for monitoring the cognitive function, so that the anesthesia safety can be improved, the postoperative recovery can be facilitated, and the postoperative life quality and the postoperative curative effect of the patient are improved.

Furthermore, the method for acquiring the pre-operation and post-operation brain electrical signals in the first step and the second step comprises the following steps: when the WAIS table is filled, the voice, the graph, the color and the behavior in the WAIS table generate stimulation to the patient, and meanwhile, the segmented collection is carried out at intervals of every second.

The beneficial effects are that: through the voice stimulation, the auditory perception and linguistic comprehension capabilities of the patient can be observed. By presenting different sound or language materials, their understanding and processing power of the information can be measured; through graphical and color stimuli, the visual perception and cognitive abilities of the patient can be assessed. Different visual stimuli may be presented to the patient to observe their attention and response to aspects of shape, pattern, color, etc.; through behavioral stimulation, the motor ability, coordination and behavioral response of the patient can be examined. For example, the patient is required to perform a specific action, hand-eye coordination tasks, or observe changes in their behavioral response.

The method of segmented acquisition at every second interval is called instantaneous compressed sampling (Instantaneous Compresion Sampling), and is a common method of acquiring brain electrical signals. The electroencephalogram signal is analyzed in real time in a frequency range and compressed, and the compressed result is close to an unfiltered accurate signal.

In the first step, preoperative EEG signals are acquired, and information such as transient events, signal to noise ratio, spectral characteristics and the like is acquired through transient compressed sampling, so that the functional state and processing level of the EEG skin layers are determined. And step two, acquiring the EEG signals after operation by adopting an instantaneous compressed sampling method, so that the change of the consciousness state and the cognitive function of the patient can be monitored in real time.

In a word, EEG signal information acquired by the instantaneous compressed sampling method of segmented acquisition at intervals of every second can reflect the brain electrical activity state of a patient, and is beneficial to the medical staff to monitor the changes of postoperative consciousness recovery, cognitive dysfunction and the like.

Further, the WAIS tables in step one and step two, all score tests were converted to standard scores of 10 mean and 3 standard deviation.

The beneficial effects are that: the score tests in WAIS (wexwell adult intellectual scale) were normalized based on performance statistics of a large group of participants. Normalization converts the different test scores into standard scores with the same mean and standard deviation, typically a mean of 10 and a standard deviation of 3. Doing so may allow for a comparison of scores between different tests and a better assessment of the ability level of the subject in various areas of intelligence.

The principle of normalization is based on the concept of normal distribution. A normal distribution is a form of probability distribution commonly used in statistics, with well-defined mean and standard deviation. By converting the original test score to a standard score, the location and level of the subject's performance relative to the reference population can be depicted.

The standard score may be such that the scores between different tests are comparable. For example, a person gets the same standard score on language understanding tasks and digital memory tasks, indicating that his level of ability is similar in both intellectual areas; the standard score may be used to determine the relative mental level and cognitive ability of an individual. A doctor or psychologist can assess the presence of cognitive dysfunction or mental development problems by comparing the standard scores of the subjects to the average levels of normal reference populations; by conducting tests at different time points and using the same standard score, changes and progression in cognitive function in an individual can be tracked.

Further, in the third step, the electroencephalogram signal is processed as follows: and identifying and removing the judgment of the artifacts in the EEG signals, and extracting ERP signals from the EEG signals for comparison.

The beneficial effects are that: and thirdly, the purpose of processing the electroencephalogram signals is to remove artifacts in the electroencephalogram signals and improve the accuracy and reliability of data. The artifacts comprise interference caused by myoelectricity interference, eye movement interference, power frequency noise and other factors, and the removal of the artifacts can be more accurate.

Preprocessing the acquired EEG data, including noise removal, filtering, artifact detection and removal, and dividing the data into specific time windows for subsequent ERP analysis; the method comprises the steps of (1) carrying out repeated average processing on EEG fragments of specific stimulation events (filling WAIS table) for a plurality of times, extracting to obtain ERP signals, and selecting a time window before and after the stimulation events as an ERP extraction range; the extracted ERP signals are subjected to comparison processing, and the comparison processing method is used for researching differences among interesting events or conditions and can comprise statistical analysis, waveform shape comparison, significance test at a time point and the like; and further analyzing and explaining the difference of the ERP signal under different conditions according to the comparison processing result. For example, it may be determined whether there is a significant difference in the intensity or latency of positive and negative peaks (e.g., P300, N200, etc.) within a particular time window. The latency of P300 is considered an index for evaluating the nerve conduction velocity of the brain in response to target stimuli, and may reflect the efficiency of cognitive function, particularly sensitive to task processing demands and cognitive ability. The amplitude reflects how much resources are devoted to the brain sensing the incoming stimulation information.

A postoperative cognitive dysfunction prevention evaluation system comprises an electroencephalogram signal acquisition module for acquiring electroencephalogram signal data, a data storage and analysis module for data processing, a data transmission module for data transmission and a cognitive dysfunction evaluation presentation module.

The beneficial effects are that: an electroencephalogram signal acquisition module: the method is used for collecting the electroencephalogram data. Typically, in assessing cognitive dysfunction, EEG (electroencephalogram) and like techniques may be used to monitor brain activity.

Data storage and analysis module: for processing data. The method generally comprises the steps of preprocessing the electroencephalogram signals, extracting features, classifying, integrating and the like. The preprocessing step can perform denoising, filtering, downsampling and other treatments on the acquired original brain electrical signals so as to obtain more stable and reliable signal data; feature extraction and classification is developed for specific tasks required, for example, in assessing cognitive function, common tools (e.g., P300 event-related potentials) can be used as features, and classifier models can be trained to distinguish between different cognitive states.

And a data transmission module: for transmitting the processed data to other devices or systems. This module may need to implement different data transmission protocols and interfaces for different practical application scenarios.

Cognitive dysfunction assessment presentation module: for displaying the results of cognitive dysfunction assessment. In practical use, the corresponding test interface and display graphics can be designed according to the condition of a specific task to evaluate the cognitive function level of the patient. For example, this module may present a picture to the patient asking the patient to notice certain details thereof.

In general, a post-operation cognitive dysfunction prevention evaluation system evaluates the cognitive dysfunction level of a subject by identifying and analyzing the neural activity of the subject under a specific task based on the technologies of electroencephalogram signal data acquisition, signal processing, classification and the like.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is one of the common complications in perioperative surgery, particularly in complex surgery. By using the evaluation system based on electroencephalogram signal acquisition to perform early prevention and diagnosis, the risk of postoperative cognitive dysfunction of a patient can be reduced, and effective measures can be timely taken, so that the life quality and rehabilitation effect of the patient are improved.

The utility model provides a cognitive dysfunction prevention evaluation device of postoperative, brain signal acquisition module in above-mentioned system includes a plurality of arc, arc one end fixedly connected with voussoir, the arc other end be equipped with the jack that the voussoir matches, the jack lateral wall is equipped with the spacing groove, spacing tank bottom intercommunication has deflection draw-in groove, the voussoir is L type card axle, the voussoir is kept away from arc one end and is inlayed and be equipped with first magnet, the jack bottom is inlayed and is equipped with the second magnet that matches with first magnet, the arc inboard is inlayed and is equipped with a plurality of electrode slices, electrode slice signal connection has the controller.

The beneficial effects are that: the device adopts the brain electrical signal to evaluate the cognitive function state of the patient, and the brain electrical signal acquisition module is a key component in the device. The principle is that a plurality of arc plates are assembled differently according to the head difference of a patient, the circular ring is worn on the head of the patient, the brain electrical signals of the patient are collected through electrode plates embedded in the inner sides of the arc plates, and then the brain electrical signals are transmitted to a controller for processing and analysis, so that the cognitive function state of the patient is estimated.

By collecting quantitative electroencephalogram data, more objective neurophysiologic indexes can be provided for medical staff, and the cognitive function state of a patient can be estimated more accurately; the device is comfortable and reliable to wear, and can be worn for a long time without generating obvious discomfort to a patient, so that the success rate and quality of electroencephalogram signal acquisition can be improved; the device is assembled according to the head difference of patients in a combined mode of arc plates, so that the device can better adapt to the requirements of different patients, and the accuracy and reliability of the acquisition effect are improved; by assessing post-operative cognitive dysfunction, a more effective reference may be provided for guiding the patient's postoperative recovery, thereby further promoting patient recovery.

Further, the brain electrical signal acquisition module further comprises a protective belt, the two ends of the protective belt are fixedly connected with sleeves, the inner diameter of the sleeves is the same as the outer diameter of the arc-shaped plate, a protective plate is sleeved on the protective belt, a ceramic plate is embedded on the protective plate, a heat source is embedded in the central position of the ceramic plate, the heat source is electrically connected with a power supply, the power supply is in signal connection with a controller, bumps are arranged on the two sides of the heat source, temperature sensors are fixedly connected with the side walls of the bumps, and the temperature sensors are in signal connection with the controller.

The beneficial effects are that: the heat source is a special far infrared lamp with a wavelength between 2 and 25 microns. When far infrared rays of the heat source directly act on the wound, they can promote blood circulation, increase oxygen supply, and reduce waste products of cellular metabolism, which can help to accelerate healing of the wound. The principle is that the far infrared ray can accelerate blood circulation and oxygen supply, promote metabolism and increase cell activity, thereby accelerating wound healing. In addition, the heat source can also reduce pain and inflammation and help improve the function of the immune system.

The heat source uses a temperature sensor to detect its temperature in real time, ensuring that exposure of the skin and wound to excessive temperatures is avoided during treatment. When the temperature reaches 40 ℃, the controller automatically controls the power supply to cut off so as to stop the work of the heat source, thereby playing a role in avoiding burn.

The detection process is to use a temperature sensor to measure the temperature of the surface of the heat source in real time and transmit detected data to a controller for processing. According to the set threshold, if the temperature is higher than the preset range, the controller controls the power supply to be powered off, so that the stimulation and damage of the excessive temperature to the skin and the wound of the human body are avoided.

Further, the power supply is a button cell which is detachably connected to one side of the guard board far away from the heat source.

The beneficial effects are that: the button battery is used as a power supply, and can be conveniently taken down from the guard plate to be replaced when the button battery needs to be replaced, and meanwhile, the power supply assembly is ensured not to influence the normal operation of the heat source.

The button battery is a miniaturized battery, and generally has the characteristics of small volume, large capacity, long service life and the like, so that the button battery is very suitable for equipment needing miniaturization design; meanwhile, the button battery is detachably connected, so that a user can conveniently replace the battery, and the burden of the user for maintaining the equipment is reduced; the button battery is used as a power supply, so that the equipment is more portable, and meanwhile, the equipment has the advantages of low cost, stable electric quantity and the like. The power supply mode is environment-friendly and energy-saving, and reduces the risks of potential safety hazards such as electric fire and explosion.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of a postoperative cognitive dysfunction prevention and assessment device according to the present application.

Fig. 2 is an isometric view of a jack in an embodiment of a post-operative cognitive dysfunction prevention assessment device according to the present application.

Fig. 3 is a side view of a wedge of an embodiment of a post-operative cognitive dysfunction prevention and assessment device according to the present application.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the application.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "vertical," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the application and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the application.

In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified and defined, it should be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, mechanical or electrical, or may be in communication with each other between two elements, directly or indirectly through intermediaries, as would be understood by those skilled in the art, in view of the specific meaning of the terms described above.

The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: arcuate plate 1, wedge 2, jack 3, limit groove 301, deflection clamping groove 302, protective belt 4, casing 401, guard 5, heat source 6, and bump 7.

Example 1: a method for preventing and evaluating postoperative cognitive dysfunction comprises the following specific steps:

step one: the WAIS table is filled in by the patient before operation, and the electroencephalogram signals of the patient are acquired while the table is filled in.

Step two: after operation, the patient fills in the WAIS table, and the electroencephalogram signals of the patient are acquired while the table is filled in.

Step three: and comparing the WAIS table filled in before and after operation with the EEG signal in the process of table filling.

Step four: based on the comparison, cognitive dysfunction is assessed.

The preoperative and postoperative electroencephalogram signals acquired in the first step and the second step are EEG signals.

The method for collecting the pre-operation and post-operation brain electrical signals in the first step and the second step comprises the following steps: when the WAIS table is filled, the voice, the graph, the color and the behavior in the WAIS table generate stimulation to the patient, and meanwhile, the segmented collection is carried out at intervals of every second.

The WAIS tables in step one and step two all score tests were converted to standard scores of average 10 and standard deviation 3.

In the third step, the electroencephalogram signal is processed as follows: and identifying and removing the judgment of the artifacts in the EEG signals, and extracting ERP signals from the EEG signals for comparison.

The specific implementation process is as follows: in a quiet, non-interfering environment to ensure that the subject is adequately focused.

Step one: the test is carried out item by item according to instructions before operation according to the instruction manual and standard program of WAIS. The WAIS contains a number of subtest including WAIS form measurements in terms of language understanding, reasoning ability, memory, processing speed, etc. The EEG signals of the patient are acquired when the form is filled, namely, when the WAIS form is filled, the voice, the graph, the color and the behavior in the WAIS form stimulate the patient, and the EEG signals before the operation of the patient are acquired in a segmented mode according to the interval of each second.

Step two: and after operation, testing according to instructions item by item according to the instruction manual and standard program of WAIS. The WAIS contains a number of subtest including WAIS form measurements in terms of language understanding, reasoning ability, memory, processing speed, etc. The EEG signals of the patient are acquired when the form is filled, namely, when the WAIS form is filled, the WAIS form stimulates the patient through voice, graph, color and behavior, and the EEG signals of the patient after operation are acquired in a segmented mode according to each second interval.

Step three: and identifying and removing the judgment of artifacts in the pre-operation and post-operation electroencephalogram signals, and extracting ERP signals from the EEG signals for comparison.

Step four: and comprehensively calculating the scores of all the subtest of the WAIS table, comparing the scores with a standardized sample, and determining the performance levels of the tested person in different cognitive function fields according to the comparison result of the WAIS table and the comparison result of ERP signals so as to evaluate the cognitive dysfunction.

The experimental process comprises the following steps: an electroencephalogram (EEG) cap or electrode patch is properly mounted on the scalp of a patient prior to filling the WAIS form. The conductive materials on the electrode patches or the caps can record brain electrical signals; connecting an electroencephalogram electrode with an electroencephalogram signal acquisition instrument; signal calibration is typically required before starting the test.

The method is the same as the standard WAIS test program, a tester can guide a patient to answer a question item by item according to instructions and record results, namely, correct options are selected to fill in missing information according to graphics or language materials; selecting a next suitable graph according to the rule of a series of graphs; recall and repeat in the correct order after hearing a string of numbers; giving a word, and providing accurate definition or explanation as far as possible; sorting a group of articles according to a specific rule; a series of arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, etc. are completed.

During the process of filling out the form, the electroencephalogram instrument continuously records the electroencephalogram signals of the patient. These signals are transmitted to the amplifier through the electrodes and sampled and stored by the data acquisition unit; after the electroencephalogram data acquisition is completed, the recorded signals can be further processed and analyzed.

Preprocessing the acquired EEG data, including noise removal, filtering, artifact detection and removal, and dividing the data into specific time windows for subsequent ERP analysis; the method comprises the steps of (1) carrying out repeated average processing on EEG fragments of specific stimulation events (filling WAIS table) for a plurality of times, extracting to obtain ERP signals, and selecting a time window before and after the stimulation events as an ERP extraction range; and comparing the extracted ERP signals, and further analyzing and explaining the difference of the ERP signals under different conditions according to the comparison result. For example, it may be determined whether there is a significant difference in the intensity or latency of positive and negative peaks (e.g., P300, N200, etc.) within a particular time window. The latency of P300 is considered an index for evaluating the nerve conduction velocity of the brain in response to target stimuli, and may reflect the efficiency of cognitive function, particularly sensitive to task processing demands and cognitive ability. The amplitude reflects how much resources are devoted to the brain sensing the incoming stimulation information.

Finally, according to the WAIS table comparison result and the ERP signal comparison result, the performance level of the tested person in different cognitive function fields is determined, and thus the cognitive dysfunction is evaluated.

Embodiment 2 differs from the above embodiment in that: the postoperative cognitive dysfunction prevention evaluation system comprises an electroencephalogram signal acquisition module for acquiring electroencephalogram signal data, a data storage and analysis module for data processing, a data transmission module for data transmission and a cognitive dysfunction evaluation presentation module, wherein the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module is in signal connection with the data storage and analysis module, the data storage and analysis module is in signal connection with the data transmission module, and the data transmission module is in signal connection with the cognitive dysfunction evaluation presentation module.

The specific implementation process is as follows: the postoperative cognitive dysfunction prevention evaluation system is a method based on electroencephalogram signal acquisition and aims at capturing cognitive dysfunction possibly occurring after operation of a patient so as to take intervention measures as soon as possible.

Firstly, an electroencephalogram signal acquisition module can acquire electroencephalogram signals of a patient at different postoperative time points through equipment such as a head-mounted electrode, record the electroencephalogram activity condition of the patient, and input electroencephalogram signal data into a data storage and analysis module.

And secondly, the data storage and analysis module processes and analyzes the acquired brain electrical signal data so as to extract brain activity characteristic information of the patient, such as voltage change of a brain area and the like. And then the processed data is transmitted to a cognitive dysfunction assessment presentation module through a data transmission module.

The cognitive dysfunction assessment presentation module then uses the processed data to analyze and evaluate the patient's specific cognitive state, such as changes in attention, memory, and perception. In this way, the cognitive function status of the patient can be assessed in time, which is helpful for finding possible cognitive impairment and taking corresponding interventions early to restore the patient to a better cognitive level.

Example 3 differs from the previous examples in that it is substantially as shown in figures 1-3: a post-operative cognitive dysfunction prevention assessment device, the assessment device in this embodiment is used for, but not limited to, hemangiomas, meningiomas, brain surgery involving no removal of brain tissue. The electroencephalogram signal acquisition module in the system comprises a plurality of arc plates 1, one end of each arc plate 1 is fixedly connected with a wedge block 2, the other end of each arc plate 1 is provided with a jack 3 matched with the wedge block 2, the side wall of each jack 3 is provided with a limit groove 301, the bottom of each limit groove 301 is communicated with a deflection clamping groove 302, each wedge block 2 is an L-shaped clamping shaft, one end of each wedge block 2, far away from each arc plate 1, is embedded with a first magnet, the bottom of each jack 3 is embedded with a second magnet matched with the first magnet, each arc plate 1 is embedded with two electrode slices, electrode slice signals are connected with a controller, and the model of the controller in the embodiment is selected: programmable controller NX7-48ADR.

The specific implementation process is as follows: during the use, select arc 1 of different radians and different quantity according to different patients, insert L type card axle on the arc 1 from the spacing groove 301 of another arc 1, when waiting to L type card axle to insert jack 3 bottom, rotate L type card axle in deflection draw-in groove 302, first magnet and second magnet inhale mutually, increase the steadiness between two arcs 1, repeat this action and assemble arc 1 into the ring that the patient can wear, with the ring belt at patient's head for the inboard electrode slice of arc 1 laminates patient forehead, gathers patient's brain electrical signal through the electrode slice.

The device can be customized according to the needs of different patients, and the acquisition effect of the brain electrical signals is ensured to be more accurate. In addition, the wearing mode of the device is comfortable and reliable, and the device can be worn for a long time without generating obvious discomfort to a patient, so that the success rate and the quality of the acquisition of the electroencephalogram signals can be improved. Meanwhile, the cognitive function state of the patient is estimated by collecting the brain electrical signals of the patient, so that a more targeted treatment scheme can be provided for medical staff, and the rehabilitation of the patient is better promoted.

Embodiment 4 differs from the above embodiment in that: the brain signal acquisition module still includes guard band 4, guard band 4 both ends bond and are fixed with cover shell 401, cover shell 401 inside diameter is the same with arc 1 outside diameter, cover is equipped with backplate 5 on the guard band 4, it is equipped with the potsherd to inlay on the backplate 5, potsherd central point puts and inlays and be equipped with heat source 6, heat source 6 electricity is connected with the power, the power is button cell, button cell can dismantle the connection in backplate 5 is kept away from heat source 6 one side, button cell and controller signal connection, heat source 6 both sides are equipped with lug 7, lug 7 lateral wall bond is fixed with temperature sensor, temperature sensor model selects for use in this embodiment: and the JTW-ZCD-G3N, and the temperature sensor is connected with the controller through signals.

The specific implementation process is as follows: the protective belt 4 is connected to one side of a wound, the protective plate 5 on the protective belt 4 is moved to the wound, the convex blocks 7 on the protective plate 5 are positioned on two sides of the wound, and when the electroencephalogram signals are collected, the heat source 6 is started through the controller, and the heat source 6 is a special far infrared lamp with the wavelength of 2-25 microns. When far infrared rays of the heat source 6 directly act on the wound, it can promote blood circulation, increase oxygen supply, and reduce waste of cellular metabolism, which can help to accelerate healing of the wound. The heat source 6 may also reduce pain and inflammation and may improve the function of the immune system.

When the heat source 6 runs, the temperature sensor detects the temperature in real time, the temperature sensor transmits detection data to the controller, and when the temperature reaches 40 ℃, the controller controls the power supply to be powered off, the heat source 6 stops working, and the skin and the wound are prevented from being burnt due to excessive high temperature.

The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application and the specific structures and/or characteristics of the present application that are well known in the art have not been described in detail herein. It should be noted that modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the structure of the present application, and these should also be considered as the scope of the present application, which does not affect the effect of the implementation of the present application and the utility of the patent. The protection scope of the present application is subject to the content of the claims, and the description of the specific embodiments and the like in the specification can be used for explaining the content of the claims.

Claims (9)

1. A method for preventing and evaluating postoperative cognitive dysfunction is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

step one: filling a WAIS table in a patient before operation, and collecting brain electrical signals of the patient while filling the table;

step two: filling a WAIS table in a patient after operation, and collecting brain electrical signals of the patient while filling the table;

step three: comparing the WAIS table filled in before and after operation with the brain electrical signal during table filling;

step four: based on the comparison, a preventive assessment of cognitive dysfunction is made.

2. The post-operative cognitive dysfunction prevention assessment method according to claim 1, wherein: the preoperative and postoperative electroencephalogram signals acquired in the first step and the second step are EEG signals.

3. The post-operative cognitive dysfunction prevention assessment method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the method for collecting the pre-operation and post-operation brain electrical signals in the first step and the second step comprises the following steps: when the WAIS table is filled, the voice, the graph, the color and the behavior in the WAIS table generate stimulation to the patient, and meanwhile, the segmented collection is carried out at intervals of every second.

4. The post-operative cognitive dysfunction prevention assessment method according to claim 1, wherein: the WAIS tables in step one and step two all score tests were converted to standard scores of average 10 and standard deviation 3.

5. The post-operative cognitive dysfunction prevention assessment method according to claim 1, wherein: in the third step, the electroencephalogram signal is processed as follows: and identifying and removing the judgment of the artifacts in the EEG signals, and extracting ERP signals from the EEG signals for comparison.

6. A post-operative cognitive dysfunction prevention assessment system, characterized by: the brain electrical signal analysis system comprises an brain electrical signal acquisition module for acquiring brain electrical signal data, a data storage and analysis module for data processing, a data transmission module for data transmission and a cognitive dysfunction assessment presentation module.

7. A postoperative cognitive dysfunction prevention evaluation device, characterized in that: the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module in the system comprises a plurality of arc plates, one end of each arc plate is fixedly connected with a wedge block, the other end of each arc plate is provided with a jack matched with the wedge block, the side wall of each jack is provided with a limit groove, the bottom of each limit groove is communicated with a deflection clamping groove, each wedge block is an L-shaped clamping shaft, one end of each wedge block, far away from each arc plate, is embedded with a first magnet, the bottom of each jack is embedded with a second magnet matched with the first magnet, the inner side of each arc plate is embedded with a plurality of electrode plates, and the electrode plates are connected with a controller in a signal manner.

8. The post-operative cognitive dysfunction prevention and assessment device according to claim 7, wherein: the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module further comprises a protective belt, the two ends of the protective belt are fixedly connected with sleeves, the inner diameter of the sleeves is the same as the outer diameter of the arc-shaped plate, a protective plate is sleeved on the protective belt, a ceramic plate is embedded on the protective plate, a heat source is embedded in the center of the ceramic plate, the heat source is electrically connected with a power supply, the power supply is in signal connection with a controller, bumps are arranged on the two sides of the heat source, temperature sensors are fixedly connected with the side walls of the bumps, and the temperature sensors are in signal connection with the controller.

9. The post-operative cognitive dysfunction prevention and assessment device according to claim 8, wherein: the power supply is a button cell which is detachably connected to one side of the guard board far away from the heat source.