CN117107177A - Mechanical training method and device for realizing high strength and high hardness of Ti-V-Al-Zr memory alloy - Google Patents
Mechanical training method and device for realizing high strength and high hardness of Ti-V-Al-Zr memory alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN117107177A CN117107177A CN202311106413.3A CN202311106413A CN117107177A CN 117107177 A CN117107177 A CN 117107177A CN 202311106413 A CN202311106413 A CN 202311106413A CN 117107177 A CN117107177 A CN 117107177A
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- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910018580 Al—Zr Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910004688 Ti-V Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910010968 Ti—V Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
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- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
- B24B27/033—Other grinding machines or devices for grinding a surface for cleaning purposes, e.g. for descaling or for grinding off flaws in the surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
- B24B47/10—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces
- B24B47/16—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces performing a reciprocating movement, e.g. during which the sense of rotation of the working-spindle is reversed
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Abstract
本发明涉及金属测试技术领域，尤其涉及实现Ti‑V‑Al‑Zr记忆合金高强度和高硬度的机械训练装置，包括安装板和放置块，所述放置块固定连接在所述安装板其中一端，所述放置块上安装有固定部件，所述固定部件包括按压板、限位块、推动板、菱形块、所述限位块滑动连接在所述放置块上，所述推动板固定连接在所述限位块下端，所述菱形块转动连接在所述放置块上，所述菱形块其中一端滑动连接有支杆，本发明在室温条件下将拉伸试样拉伸至6％变形，然后卸载，进行不同的训练次数是为了调控其微观组织结构进而优化获得兼具优异力学性能和硬度的高性能Ti‑V‑Al‑Zr形状记忆合金。
The invention relates to the technical field of metal testing, and in particular to a mechanical training device to achieve high strength and high hardness of Ti-V-Al-Zr memory alloy, which includes a mounting plate and a placement block. The placement block is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting plate. , a fixed component is installed on the placing block, the fixed component includes a pressing plate, a limiting block, a pushing plate, a diamond block, the limiting block is slidingly connected to the placing block, and the pushing plate is fixedly connected to The lower end of the limiting block, the diamond-shaped block is rotatably connected to the placement block, and one end of the diamond-shaped block is slidingly connected to a support rod. The present invention stretches the tensile sample to 6% deformation under room temperature conditions. Then it is unloaded and trained for different times in order to regulate its microstructure and optimize to obtain a high-performance Ti‑V‑Al‑Zr shape memory alloy with excellent mechanical properties and hardness.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及金属测试技术领域，尤其涉及实现Ti-V-Al-Zr记忆合金高强度和高硬度的机械训练方法和装置。The invention relates to the technical field of metal testing, and in particular to a mechanical training method and device for achieving high strength and high hardness of Ti-V-Al-Zr memory alloy.
背景技术Background technique
复合材料具有诸多优异性能，在航空航天飞行器中得到广泛应用，复合材料在航空航天飞行器应用过程中，复合材料之间的连接是不可避免的，而复合材料结构的破坏与失效，60％-80％发生在复合材料的连接处，传统铆接技术存在冲击力大、非均匀干涉量、可靠性差等诸多缺点。而形状记忆合金连接件基于形状记忆效应可实现异质材料间的无冲击、均匀可控干涉、高可靠性的新型智能连接。Composite materials have many excellent properties and are widely used in aerospace vehicles. During the application of composite materials in aerospace vehicles, the connection between composite materials is inevitable, but the damage and failure of the composite material structure is 60%-80% % occurs at the joints of composite materials. Traditional riveting technology has many shortcomings such as high impact force, non-uniform interference, and poor reliability. Based on the shape memory effect, shape memory alloy connectors can achieve impact-free, uniform and controllable interference, and high-reliability new smart connections between heterogeneous materials.
Ti-V-Al轻质形状记忆合金的强度与硬度较低，这会导致连接复合材料间的记忆合金轻质连接件的承载力不足，因此，亟需探寻新原理和新方法改善Ti-V-Al基轻质形状记忆合金的强度与硬度，以实现航空航天飞行器中复合材料间智能、安全、可靠连接。The strength and hardness of the Ti-V-Al lightweight shape memory alloy are low, which will lead to insufficient load-bearing capacity of the memory alloy lightweight connectors connecting composite materials. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore new principles and new methods to improve Ti-V -The strength and hardness of Al-based lightweight shape memory alloys to achieve intelligent, safe and reliable connections between composite materials in aerospace vehicles.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中以下缺点，Ti-V-Al轻质形状记忆合金的强度与硬度较低，这会导致连接复合材料间的记忆合金轻质连接件的承载力不足，因此，亟需探寻新原理和新方法改善Ti-V-Al基轻质形状记忆合金的强度与硬度，以实现航空航天飞行器中复合材料间智能、安全、可靠连接，而提出的实现Ti-V-Al-Zr记忆合金高强度和高硬度的机械训练方法和装置。The purpose of this invention is to solve the following shortcomings in the prior art. The strength and hardness of the Ti-V-Al lightweight shape memory alloy are low, which will lead to insufficient load-bearing capacity of the memory alloy lightweight connectors connecting composite materials. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore new principles and methods to improve the strength and hardness of Ti-V-Al-based lightweight shape memory alloys to achieve intelligent, safe, and reliable connections between composite materials in aerospace vehicles. The proposed method to achieve Ti-V - Mechanical training methods and devices for high strength and high hardness of Al-Zr memory alloy.
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用了如下技术方案：In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
实现Ti-V-Al-Zr记忆合金高强度和高硬度的机械训练装置，包括安装板和放置块，所述放置块固定连接在所述安装板其中一端；A mechanical training device to achieve high strength and high hardness of Ti-V-Al-Zr memory alloy, including a mounting plate and a placement block, the placement block being fixedly connected to one end of the mounting plate;
所述放置块上安装有固定部件，所述固定部件包括按压板、限位块、推动板、菱形块、所述限位块滑动连接在所述放置块上，所述推动板固定连接在所述限位块下端，所述菱形块转动连接在所述放置块上，所述菱形块其中一端滑动连接有支杆，所述按压板滑动连接在所述放置块上，所述支杆与所述按压板铰接；Fixed components are installed on the placing block, and the fixed components include a pressing plate, a limiting block, a pushing plate, and a diamond block. The limiting block is slidably connected to the placing block, and the pushing plate is fixedly connected to the placing block. The lower end of the limiting block, the diamond-shaped block is rotatably connected to the placement block, one end of the diamond-shaped block is slidably connected to a support rod, the pressing plate is slidingly connected to the placement block, and the support rod is connected to the placement block. The pressing plate is hinged;
所述安装板远离所述放置块的一端安装有拉力部件，所述拉力部件包括移动块、压板、凸轮、固定块、齿杆、齿条板，所述移动块滑动连接在所述安装板上，所述固定块固定连接在所述安装板上，压板滑动连接在所述移动块上，所述齿杆转动连接在所述固定块上，所述凸轮固定连接在所述齿杆上，所述齿条板滑动连接在所述安装板上，且与所述齿杆啮合连接，所述齿条板呈L型设置，且与所述菱形块其中一端滑动连接，所述齿条板与所述安装板之间连接有第一弹簧。A tension component is installed on one end of the installation plate away from the placement block. The tension component includes a moving block, a pressure plate, a cam, a fixed block, a gear rod, and a rack plate. The moving block is slidingly connected to the installation plate. , the fixed block is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, the pressure plate is slidingly connected to the moving block, the gear rod is rotationally connected to the fixed block, and the cam is fixedly connected to the gear rod, so The rack plate is slidably connected to the mounting plate and meshed with the rack. The rack plate is arranged in an L shape and is slidably connected to one end of the rhombus block. The rack plate is connected to the rack. A first spring is connected between the mounting plates.
优选的，所述固定部件还包括凸块、第四弹簧，所述凸块固定连接在所述放置块上，所述第四弹簧固定连接在所述凸块与所述推动板之间。Preferably, the fixing component further includes a convex block and a fourth spring, the convex block is fixedly connected to the placing block, and the fourth spring is fixedly connected between the convex block and the push plate.
优选的，所述拉力部件还包括方形板、第三弹簧，所述方形板固定连接在所述安装板上，所述第三弹簧固定连接在所述方形板与所述移动块之间。Preferably, the tension member further includes a square plate and a third spring, the square plate is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and the third spring is fixedly connected between the square plate and the moving block.
优选的，所述移动块上固定连接有L型板，所述L型板上固定连接有液压杆，所述液压杆其中一端与所述压板固定连接。Preferably, an L-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the moving block, a hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the L-shaped plate, and one end of the hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the pressure plate.
优选的，所述安装板上滑动连接有卡接板，所述卡接板与所述齿条板固定连接，所述卡接板下端滑动连接有打磨板。Preferably, a clamping plate is slidably connected to the mounting plate, the clamping plate is fixedly connected to the rack plate, and a grinding plate is slidably connected to the lower end of the clamping plate.
优选的，所述安装板其中一端固定连接有第一横板，所述第一横板上螺纹连接有丝杆。Preferably, one end of the mounting plate is fixedly connected to a first horizontal plate, and a screw rod is threadedly connected to the first horizontal plate.
优选的，所述安装板上固定连接有第二横板，所述第二横板上滑动连接有滑杆，所述滑杆其中一端与所述第二横板之间固定连接有第二弹簧，所述滑杆与所述丝杆上分别设有圆块。Preferably, a second horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, a sliding rod is slidingly connected to the second horizontal plate, and a second spring is fixedly connected between one end of the sliding rod and the second horizontal plate. , the sliding rod and the screw rod are respectively provided with round blocks.
优选的，所述安装板上固定连接有垫块，所述垫块设置在所述放置块与所述移动块之间。Preferably, a pad is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and the pad is arranged between the placing block and the moving block.
实现Ti-V-Al-Zr记忆合金高强度和高硬度的机械训练方法，包括以下步骤：The mechanical training method to achieve high strength and hardness of Ti-V-Al-Zr memory alloy includes the following steps:
S1：将经过热处理后的拉伸长条放置在两个圆块之间，并转动丝杆，丝杆在第一横板上向右移动，推动长条右移并挤压滑杆的同时拉伸第二弹簧，此时将400#砂纸放置在卡接板内，斌钢处于长条上侧，然后将菱形块中间部位连接外部伺服电机，并带动菱形块能够往复摆动，随着菱形块下端向左摆动时能够推动齿条板向左移动，而菱形块下端向右移动时不再对齿条板具有挤压力时，齿条板在第一弹簧的弹力下复位移动，实现齿条板往复运动，打磨板通过卡接板随着齿条板往复运动时能够实现对长条合金的打磨，通过更换800#以及1500#砂纸进行不同精度的打磨，以去除表面的氧化皮；S1: Place the heat-treated stretched strip between the two round blocks and turn the screw. The screw moves to the right on the first horizontal plate. Push the strip to the right and squeeze the slider while pulling. Extend the second spring. At this time, place 400# sandpaper in the clamping plate with Bin Steel on the upper side of the strip. Then connect the middle part of the diamond block to the external servo motor and drive the diamond block to swing back and forth. With the lower end of the diamond block When swinging to the left, the rack plate can be pushed to move to the left, and when the lower end of the diamond block moves to the right and no longer has a squeezing force on the rack plate, the rack plate resets and moves under the elastic force of the first spring, realizing the rack plate. Reciprocating motion, the grinding plate can grind long strips of alloy through the clamping plate and the rack plate when reciprocating. By replacing 800# and 1500# sandpaper, grinding with different precisions can be performed to remove the oxide scale on the surface;
S2：将打磨好的拉伸试样放在安装板与移动块之间，在菱形块上端向右摆动时能推动按压板右移并挤压限位块下滑，推动推动板随着限位块下移时能够对打磨好的拉伸试样的一端进行固定，同时驱动液压杆伸长并推动压板下移，实现对打磨好的拉伸试样另一端的固定；S2: Place the polished tensile specimen between the installation plate and the moving block. When the upper end of the diamond block swings to the right, the pressing plate can be pushed to move to the right and the limit block can be squeezed to slide down. Push the push plate to follow the limit block. When moving downward, one end of the polished tensile specimen can be fixed, and at the same time, the hydraulic rod is driven to extend and the pressure plate is pushed downward to fix the other end of the polished tensile specimen;
S3在齿条板向左移动时能够带动齿杆呈顺时针转动，并带动凸轮推动移动块向右移动，此时移动块能够拉动打磨好的拉伸试样进行拉伸，在室温条件下将拉伸试样拉伸至6％变形，然后卸载，此过程分别依次进行5次，10次和25次，进行不同的训练次数是为了调控其微观组织结构进而优化获得兼具优异力学性能和硬度的高性能Ti-V-Al-Zr形状记忆合金，将进行不同训练次数的Ti-V-Al-Zr形状记忆合金拉伸试样进行拉伸实验和显微硬度测试。When the rack plate moves to the left, S3 can drive the gear rod to rotate clockwise, and drive the cam to push the moving block to move to the right. At this time, the moving block can pull the polished tensile specimen for stretching, and the specimen will be stretched at room temperature. The tensile specimen is stretched to 6% deformation and then unloaded. This process is performed 5 times, 10 times and 25 times respectively. The purpose of different training times is to regulate its microstructure and optimize its mechanical properties and hardness. For the high-performance Ti-V-Al-Zr shape memory alloy, the tensile specimens of the Ti-V-Al-Zr shape memory alloy that have been trained for different times will be subjected to tensile experiments and microhardness tests.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1、在齿条板往复运动过程种，打磨板通过卡接板随着齿条板往复运动时能够实现对长条合金的打磨，通过更换800#以及1500#砂纸进行不同精度的打磨，以去除表面的氧化皮。1. During the reciprocating motion of the rack plate, the grinding plate can grind long strips of alloy through the clamping plate as the rack plate reciprocates. By replacing 800# and 1500# sandpaper, grinding with different precisions can be performed to remove Surface oxide scale.
2、在菱形块上端向右摆动时能推动按压板右移并挤压限位块下滑，推动推动板随着限位块下移时能够对打磨好的拉伸试样的一端进行固定，同时驱动液压杆伸长并推动压板下移，实现对打磨好的拉伸试样另一端的固定，实现对金属试样快速的固定作用。2. When the upper end of the diamond block swings to the right, it can push the pressing plate to move to the right and squeeze the limit block to slide down. When the pushing plate moves downward with the limit block, it can fix one end of the polished tensile specimen. At the same time, Drive the hydraulic rod to extend and push the pressure plate downward to fix the other end of the polished tensile specimen and quickly fix the metal specimen.
3、在齿条板向左移动时能够带动齿杆呈顺时针转动，并带动凸轮推动移动块向右移动，此时移动块能够拉动打磨好的拉伸试样进行拉伸，在室温条件下将拉伸试样拉伸至6％变形，然后卸载，进行不同的训练次数是为了调控其微观组织结构进而优化获得兼具优异力学性能和硬度的高性能Ti-V-Al-Zr形状记忆合金。3. When the rack plate moves to the left, it can drive the gear rod to rotate clockwise, and drive the cam to push the moving block to move to the right. At this time, the moving block can pull the polished tensile specimen for stretching. Under room temperature conditions The tensile specimen was stretched to 6% deformation and then unloaded. Different training times were performed in order to regulate its microstructure and optimize the acquisition of high-performance Ti-V-Al-Zr shape memory alloy with excellent mechanical properties and hardness. .
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明提出的实现Ti-V-Al-Zr记忆合金高强度和高硬度的机械训练装置的正面结构示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic front structural view of the mechanical training device proposed by the present invention to achieve high strength and high hardness of Ti-V-Al-Zr memory alloy;
图2为本发明提出的实现Ti-V-Al-Zr记忆合金高强度和高硬度的机械训练装置的放置块结构示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the placement block structure of the mechanical training device proposed by the present invention to achieve high strength and high hardness of Ti-V-Al-Zr memory alloy;
图3为本发明提出的实现Ti-V-Al-Zr记忆合金高强度和高硬度的机械训练装置的凸块结构示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the bump structure of the mechanical training device proposed by the present invention to achieve high strength and high hardness of Ti-V-Al-Zr memory alloy;
图4为本发明提出的实现Ti-V-Al-Zr记忆合金高强度和高硬度的机械训练装置的打磨板结构示意图；Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the grinding plate of the mechanical training device proposed by the present invention to achieve high strength and high hardness of Ti-V-Al-Zr memory alloy;
图5为本发明提出不同次数机械训练对Ti-V-Al-Zr形状记忆合金的应力-应变曲线及力学性能的影响规律；Figure 5 shows the influence of different times of mechanical training proposed by the present invention on the stress-strain curve and mechanical properties of Ti-V-Al-Zr shape memory alloy;
图6为本发明提出机械训练次数对Ti-V-Al-Zr形状记忆合金显微硬度的影响规律图。Figure 6 is a regular diagram showing the influence of the number of mechanical training times on the microhardness of Ti-V-Al-Zr shape memory alloy proposed by the present invention.
图中：1安装板、2第一弹簧、3丝杆、4第一横板、5齿条板、6打磨板、7固定块、8第二横板、9第二弹簧、10滑杆、11凸轮、12方形板、13第三弹簧、14移动块、15L型板、16压板、17垫块、18推动板、19限位块、20按压板、21菱形块、22放置块、23凸块、24第四弹簧、25齿杆、26卡接板。In the picture: 1 mounting plate, 2 first spring, 3 screw rod, 4 first horizontal plate, 5 rack plate, 6 grinding plate, 7 fixed block, 8 second horizontal plate, 9 second spring, 10 sliding rod, 11 cam, 12 square plate, 13 third spring, 14 moving block, 15L plate, 16 pressing plate, 17 pad, 18 pushing plate, 19 limiting block, 20 pressing plate, 21 diamond block, 22 placing block, 23 convex Block, 24 fourth spring, 25 tooth rod, 26 clamping plate.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.
参照图1-图6，实现Ti-V-Al-Zr记忆合金高强度和高硬度的机械训练装置，包括安装板1和放置块22，放置块22固定连接在安装板1其中一端，安装板1上固定连接有垫块17，垫块17设置在放置块22与移动块14之间。Referring to Figures 1 to 6, a mechanical training device to achieve high strength and high hardness of Ti-V-Al-Zr memory alloy includes a mounting plate 1 and a placing block 22. The placing block 22 is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting plate 1. The mounting plate 1 is fixedly connected with a pad 17, which is arranged between the placing block 22 and the moving block 14.
放置块22上安装有固定部件，固定部件包括按压板20、限位块19、推动板18、菱形块21、限位块19滑动连接在放置块22上，推动板18固定连接在限位块19下端，菱形块21转动连接在放置块22上，菱形块21的中间部位与放置块22进行转动连接，因此在外界伺服电机驱动下能够带动菱形块21进行摆动，菱形块21其中一端滑动连接有支杆，按压板20滑动连接在放置块22上，支杆与按压板20铰接，固定部件还包括凸块23、第四弹簧24，凸块23固定连接在放置块22上，按压板20呈直角梯形设置，第四弹簧24固定连接在凸块23与推动板18之间，第四弹簧24用对推动板18的复位移动。Fixed components are installed on the placing block 22. The fixed components include a pressing plate 20, a limiting block 19, a pushing plate 18, a diamond block 21, and a limiting block 19 that are slidingly connected to the placing block 22. The pushing plate 18 is fixedly connected to the limiting block. 19 lower end, the rhombus block 21 is rotatably connected to the placement block 22. The middle part of the rhombus block 21 is rotatably connected to the placement block 22. Therefore, the rhombus block 21 can be driven to swing under the drive of an external servo motor. One end of the rhombus block 21 is slidingly connected. There is a support rod, and the pressing plate 20 is slidingly connected to the placing block 22. The supporting rod is hinged with the pressing plate 20. The fixed component also includes a convex block 23 and a fourth spring 24. The convex block 23 is fixedly connected to the placing block 22. The pressing plate 20 It is arranged in a right-angled trapezoid shape, and the fourth spring 24 is fixedly connected between the bump 23 and the push plate 18. The fourth spring 24 is used to reset and move the push plate 18.
安装板1远离放置块22的一端安装有拉力部件，拉力部件包括移动块14、压板16、凸轮11、固定块7、齿杆25、齿条板5，移动块14滑动连接在安装板1上，固定块7固定连接在安装板1上，压板16滑动连接在移动块14上，移动块14上固定连接有L型板15，L型板15上固定连接有液压杆，液压杆其中一端与压板16固定连接，液压杆伸长能够推动压板16下移，实现对移动块14内的金属试样进行固定，齿杆25转动连接在固定块7上，凸轮11固定连接在齿杆25上，齿条板5滑动连接在安装板1上，且与齿杆25啮合连接，齿条板5呈L型设置，且与菱形块21其中一端滑动连接，齿条板5与安装板1之间连接有第一弹簧2，拉力部件还包括方形板12、第三弹簧13，方形板12固定连接在安装板1上，第三弹簧13固定连接在方形板12与移动块14之间。A tension component is installed on the end of the installation plate 1 away from the placement block 22. The tension component includes a moving block 14, a pressure plate 16, a cam 11, a fixed block 7, a gear rod 25, and a rack plate 5. The moving block 14 is slidingly connected to the installation plate 1 , the fixed block 7 is fixedly connected to the installation plate 1, the pressure plate 16 is slidingly connected to the moving block 14, the L-shaped plate 15 is fixedly connected to the moving block 14, the L-shaped plate 15 is fixedly connected to a hydraulic rod, one end of the hydraulic rod is connected to The pressure plate 16 is fixedly connected. The extension of the hydraulic rod can push the pressure plate 16 downward to fix the metal sample in the moving block 14. The gear rod 25 is rotatably connected to the fixed block 7, and the cam 11 is fixedly connected to the gear rod 25. The rack plate 5 is slidingly connected to the mounting plate 1 and is meshed with the gear rod 25. The rack plate 5 is arranged in an L shape and is slidingly connected to one end of the rhombus block 21. The rack plate 5 is connected to the mounting plate 1. There is a first spring 2, and the tension component also includes a square plate 12 and a third spring 13. The square plate 12 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 1, and the third spring 13 is fixedly connected between the square plate 12 and the moving block 14.
安装板1上滑动连接有卡接板26，卡接板26与齿条板5固定连接，卡接板26下端滑动连接有打磨板6，不同型号的打磨板6均能够滑动至卡接板26内，因此便于对打磨板6的更换，安装板1其中一端固定连接有第一横板4，第一横板4上螺纹连接有丝杆3，安装板1上固定连接有第二横板8，第二横板8上滑动连接有滑杆10，滑杆10其中一端与第二横板8之间固定连接有第二弹簧9，滑杆10与丝杆3上分别设有圆块，随着丝杆3转动的同时向右移动能够对金属试样推动右移并形成夹持。A snap-in plate 26 is slidably connected to the mounting plate 1. The snap-in plate 26 is fixedly connected to the rack plate 5. A grinding plate 6 is slidably connected to the lower end of the snap-in plate 26. Different types of grinding plates 6 can slide to the snap-in plate 26. Therefore, it is convenient to replace the grinding plate 6. One end of the mounting plate 1 is fixedly connected with the first horizontal plate 4. The first horizontal plate 4 is threadedly connected with the screw rod 3, and the mounting plate 1 is fixedly connected with the second horizontal plate 8. , a sliding rod 10 is slidably connected to the second horizontal plate 8, and a second spring 9 is fixedly connected between one end of the sliding rod 10 and the second horizontal plate 8. The sliding rod 10 and the screw rod 3 are respectively provided with round blocks, and then When the screw rod 3 rotates and moves to the right, the metal sample can be pushed to the right and clamped.
实现Ti-V-Al-Zr记忆合金高强度和高硬度的机械训练方法，包括以下步骤：The mechanical training method to achieve high strength and hardness of Ti-V-Al-Zr memory alloy includes the following steps:
S1：将经过热处理后的拉伸长条放置在两个圆块之间，并转动丝杆3，丝杆3在第一横板4上向右移动，推动长条右移并挤压滑杆10的同时拉伸第二弹簧9，此时将400#砂纸放置在卡接板26内，斌钢处于长条上侧，然后将菱形块21中间部位连接外部伺服电机，并带动菱形块21能够往复摆动，随着菱形块21下端向左摆动时能够推动齿条板5向左移动，而菱形块21下端向右移动时不再对齿条板5具有挤压力时，齿条板5在第一弹簧2的弹力下复位移动，实现齿条板5往复运动，打磨板6通过卡接板26随着齿条板5往复运动时能够实现对长条合金的打磨，通过更换800#以及1500#砂纸进行不同精度的打磨，以去除表面的氧化皮；S1: Place the heat-treated stretched strip between the two round blocks, and turn the screw 3. The screw 3 moves to the right on the first horizontal plate 4, pushes the strip to the right and squeezes the slider. 10 while stretching the second spring 9. At this time, place 400# sandpaper in the clamping plate 26, Bin Steel is on the upper side of the strip, and then connect the middle part of the diamond block 21 to the external servo motor, and drive the diamond block 21 to Swing back and forth, as the lower end of the rhombus block 21 swings to the left, it can push the rack plate 5 to move to the left, and when the lower end of the rhombus block 21 moves to the right, it no longer has a squeezing force on the rack plate 5, the rack plate 5 The first spring 2 resets and moves under the elastic force to realize the reciprocating movement of the rack plate 5. When the grinding plate 6 reciprocates with the rack plate 5 through the clamping plate 26, it can grind the long alloy. By replacing the 800# and 1500 #Sandpaper is used for grinding with different precisions to remove the oxide scale on the surface;
S2：将打磨好的拉伸试样放在安装板1与移动块14之间，在菱形块21上端向右摆动时能推动按压板20右移并挤压限位块19下滑，推动推动板18随着限位块19下移时能够对打磨好的拉伸试样的一端进行固定，同时驱动液压杆伸长并推动压板16下移，实现对打磨好的拉伸试样另一端的固定；S2: Place the polished tensile specimen between the mounting plate 1 and the moving block 14. When the upper end of the diamond block 21 swings to the right, the pressing plate 20 can be pushed to move to the right and the limit block 19 can be squeezed down to push the pushing plate. 18 As the limit block 19 moves downward, one end of the polished tensile specimen can be fixed. At the same time, the hydraulic rod is driven to extend and the pressure plate 16 is pushed downward to fix the other end of the polished tensile specimen. ;
S3在齿条板5向左移动时能够带动齿杆25呈顺时针转动，并带动凸轮11推动移动块14向右移动，此时移动块14能够拉动打磨好的拉伸试样进行拉伸，在室温条件下将拉伸试样拉伸至6％变形，然后卸载，此过程分别依次进行5次，10次和25次，进行不同的训练次数是为了调控其微观组织结构进而优化获得兼具优异力学性能和硬度的高性能Ti-V-Al-Zr形状记忆合金，将进行不同训练次数的Ti-V-Al-Zr形状记忆合金拉伸试样进行拉伸实验和显微硬度测试S3 can drive the rack plate 5 to rotate clockwise when the rack plate 5 moves to the left, and drives the cam 11 to push the moving block 14 to move to the right. At this time, the moving block 14 can pull the polished tensile specimen for stretching. The tensile specimen is stretched to 6% deformation at room temperature and then unloaded. This process is performed 5 times, 10 times and 25 times respectively. The purpose of different training times is to regulate its microstructure and optimize its microstructure. High-performance Ti-V-Al-Zr shape memory alloy with excellent mechanical properties and hardness. Tensile experiments and microhardness tests will be conducted on Ti-V-Al-Zr shape memory alloy tensile specimens that have been trained for different times.
本发明中，将经过热处理后的拉伸长条放置在两个圆块之间，并转动丝杆3，丝杆3在第一横板4上向右移动，推动长条右移并挤压滑杆10的同时拉伸第二弹簧9，此时将400#砂纸放置在卡接板26内，斌钢处于长条上侧，然后将菱形块21中间部位连接外部伺服电机，并带动菱形块21能够往复摆动，随着菱形块21下端向左摆动时能够推动齿条板5向左移动，而菱形块21下端向右移动时不再对齿条板5具有挤压力时，齿条板5在第一弹簧2的弹力下复位移动，实现齿条板5往复运动，打磨板6通过卡接板26随着齿条板5往复运动时能够实现对长条合金的打磨，通过更换800#以及1500#砂纸进行不同精度的打磨，以去除表面的氧化皮。In the present invention, the heat-treated stretched strip is placed between two round blocks, and the screw rod 3 is rotated. The screw rod 3 moves to the right on the first horizontal plate 4, pushing the strip to the right and extruding it. While sliding the rod 10, stretch the second spring 9. At this time, place the 400# sandpaper in the clamping plate 26, with Bin Steel on the upper side of the strip, and then connect the middle part of the diamond block 21 to the external servo motor and drive the diamond block 21 can swing back and forth, and when the lower end of the rhombus block 21 swings to the left, it can push the rack plate 5 to move to the left, and when the lower end of the rhombus block 21 moves to the right, it no longer exerts a squeezing force on the rack plate 5, the rack plate 5 5 is reset and moved under the elastic force of the first spring 2 to realize the reciprocating movement of the rack plate 5. The grinding plate 6 can grind the long alloy when it reciprocates with the rack plate 5 through the clamping plate 26. By replacing the 800# And 1500# sandpaper for polishing with different precisions to remove the oxide scale on the surface.
将打磨好的拉伸试样放在安装板1与移动块14之间，在菱形块21上端向右摆动时能推动按压板20右移并挤压限位块19下滑，推动推动板18随着限位块19下移时能够对打磨好的拉伸试样的一端进行固定，同时驱动液压杆伸长并推动压板16下移，实现对打磨好的拉伸试样另一端的固定，实现对式样快速的固定作用。Place the polished tensile sample between the installation plate 1 and the moving block 14. When the upper end of the diamond block 21 swings to the right, the pressing plate 20 can be pushed to move to the right and the limit block 19 can be squeezed to slide down. The pushing plate 18 will then be pushed. When the limit block 19 moves downward, one end of the polished tensile specimen can be fixed. At the same time, the hydraulic rod is driven to extend and the pressure plate 16 is pushed downward to fix the other end of the polished tensile specimen. Fast fixing effect on styles.
在齿条板5向左移动时能够带动齿杆25呈顺时针转动，并带动凸轮11推动移动块14向右移动，此时移动块14能够拉动打磨好的拉伸试样进行拉伸，在室温条件下将拉伸试样拉伸至6％变形，然后卸载，此过程分别依次进行5次，10次和25次，进行不同的训练次数是为了调控其微观组织结构进而优化获得兼具优异力学性能和硬度的高性能Ti-V-Al-Zr形状记忆合金，将进行不同训练次数的Ti-V-Al-Zr形状记忆合金拉伸试样进行拉伸实验和显微硬度测试。When the rack plate 5 moves to the left, it can drive the gear rod 25 to rotate clockwise, and drive the cam 11 to push the moving block 14 to move to the right. At this time, the moving block 14 can pull the polished tensile sample for stretching. The tensile specimen is stretched to 6% deformation at room temperature and then unloaded. This process is performed 5 times, 10 times and 25 times respectively. The purpose of different training times is to regulate its microstructure and optimize it to obtain excellent results. Mechanical properties and hardness of high-performance Ti-V-Al-Zr shape memory alloy. Tensile experiments and microhardness tests will be conducted on Ti-V-Al-Zr shape memory alloy tensile specimens that have been trained for different times.
图5为机械训练次数对Ti-V-Al-Zr形状记忆合金力学性能的影响规律，由图5(a)可知，训练前后的Ti-V-Al-Zr形状记忆合金的应力-应变曲线可划分为三阶段：弹性变形阶段、应力诱发马氏体变体再取向阶段以及最后的塑性变形阶段。所不同的是，经机械训练后的Ti-V-Al-Zr形状记忆合金在应力诱发马氏体变体再取向过程中呈现出明显的加工硬化现象；由图5(b)可知，随着机械训练次数的增加，Ti-V-Al-Zr形状记忆合金应力诱发马氏体相变的临界应力逐渐降低，从763.2MPa持续降低至420.5MPa；而最大拉伸强度呈现出先升高后降低的趋势，经5次机械训练的Ti-V-Al-Zr形状记忆合金具有最大904.6MPa的拉伸强度。同样地，Ti-V-Al-Zr形状记忆合金的延伸率随着机械训练次数的增加而先升高后降低。值得注意的是，经10次机械训练的Ti-V-Al-Zr形状记忆合金呈现出最大35.4％的延伸率。Figure 5 shows the influence of the number of mechanical training times on the mechanical properties of Ti-V-Al-Zr shape memory alloy. From Figure 5(a), it can be seen that the stress-strain curve of Ti-V-Al-Zr shape memory alloy before and after training can be It is divided into three stages: the elastic deformation stage, the stress-induced martensite deformation reorientation stage and the final plastic deformation stage. The difference is that the Ti-V-Al-Zr shape memory alloy after mechanical training shows obvious work hardening during the stress-induced martensite deformation reorientation process; as can be seen from Figure 5(b), as the As the number of mechanical training increases, the critical stress of stress-induced martensitic transformation of Ti-V-Al-Zr shape memory alloy gradually decreases, continuously decreasing from 763.2MPa to 420.5MPa; while the maximum tensile strength first increases and then decreases. Trends, the Ti-V-Al-Zr shape memory alloy that has been mechanically trained for 5 times has a maximum tensile strength of 904.6MPa. Similarly, the elongation of Ti-V-Al-Zr shape memory alloy first increases and then decreases as the number of mechanical training increases. It is worth noting that the Ti-V-Al-Zr shape memory alloy that has been mechanically trained for 10 times exhibits a maximum elongation of 35.4%.
如附图6所示，Ti-V-Al-Zr形状记忆合金的显微硬度随着机械训练次数的增加而单调升高，当机械训练次数由0增加至25次时，其显微硬度由319.7HV持续增加至350.8HV。Ti-V-Al-Zr形状记忆合金显微硬度的持续升高得益于机械训练过程中产生的加工硬化。As shown in Figure 6, the microhardness of the Ti-V-Al-Zr shape memory alloy increases monotonically with the increase in the number of mechanical training times. When the number of mechanical training times increases from 0 to 25 times, its microhardness increases from 319.7HV continued to increase to 350.8HV. The continuous increase in microhardness of Ti-V-Al-Zr shape memory alloy is due to the work hardening generated during mechanical training.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can, within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, implement the technical solutions of the present invention. Equivalent substitutions or changes of the inventive concept thereof shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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