CN117073509A - Calibration device and calibration method for comprehensive linear displacement sensor of collision dummy - Google Patents
Calibration device and calibration method for comprehensive linear displacement sensor of collision dummy Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/04—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness by measuring coordinates of points
- G01B21/042—Calibration or calibration artifacts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
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Abstract
The application discloses a calibration device and a calibration method for a comprehensive linear displacement sensor of a collision dummy, and relates to the technical field of calibration equipment for the displacement sensor of the collision dummy, wherein the device comprises an upper computer, a lower computer, a servo motor, a coupler, a workbench, a linear displacement sensor clamp and a precise linear module, wherein the linear displacement sensor clamp and the workbench are matched and fixed with different types of sensors, the precise linear module is a single-shaft combined integrated module, the precise linear module consists of a precise ball screw assembly, a U-shaped linear slide rail, a slide seat and a connecting flange, the servo motor controls the precise ball screw assembly to rotate through the coupler, and the displacement data variable quantity of the workbench is measured in real time, and the upper computer, the lower computer and the servo motor are connected through cables; through the technical scheme of the application, various linear displacement sensors can be calibrated, the Abbe principle is followed, and the integrated function is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of calibration equipment of a collision dummy displacement sensor, in particular to a calibration device and a calibration method of a comprehensive linear displacement sensor of a collision dummy.
Background
The collision dummy linear displacement sensor is a sensor for measuring displacement change in collision or impact process, and is mainly used for real-time monitoring, controlling and measuring displacement, deformation, position and other parameters of an object so as to evaluate the safety performance of the detected object. The method is widely applied to automobile collision, aerospace and military scientific research, and the accuracy of the acquired data is an important evaluation index for evaluating the injury degree of passengers.
Currently, the technical specification of the domestic calibration linear displacement sensor is the "JJF 1305-2011 linear displacement sensor calibration specification". The specification specifies the technical specifications of the various linear displacement sensors and gives the standard equipment required. However, the specification does not specify the calibration test bench actuator used, and thus different institutions and manufacturers may use different methods and equipment, such as a length measuring machine designed for measuring gauge blocks, block gauges, ring gauges, plug gauges, caliper gauges, calibration rods, etc., as a standard. However, due to the lack of a dedicated jig, the coaxiality between the linear displacement sensor and the clamp is difficult to ensure, and abbe errors are easy to exist; in addition, the weight and the volume are large, and the installation and the transportation are inconvenient. And if the gauge block is used as a standard device, the gauge block has the advantages of high precision, high stability and the like, and can be directly installed on a line displacement sensor for measurement. The standard value of the gauge block is the input value of the stay wire type displacement sensor, and the absolute indication error of the measuring point is calculated by calculating the difference between the measured indication and the standard value of the gauge block. However, when the calibration measurement is performed, the position and the fixing of the linear displacement sensor and the sensing line thereof are inconvenient, and the parallelism between the sensing line and the center line of the gauge block is difficult to ensure, so that a large abbe error may be generated; in addition, the adaptation and fixation of the wire starting end and the gauge block end face are troublesome, so that the repeatability of measurement is high, and the operation is complex.
The displacement sensor calibration device adopted in the prior art has some problems, such as the following examples, CN 204188151U discloses a linear displacement sensor calibration device. The device utilizes the grating ruler to output standard displacement values, and controls displacement feeding through a stepping motor, so that automatic calibration is realized. This approach is more convenient compared to manual calibration. However, this device has the disadvantage that: firstly, the stepping motor is used as a driving execution, which can influence the repeated positioning precision; secondly, the grating ruler is used as a displacement standard, is greatly influenced by environmental conditions, has low measurement accuracy and large Abbe error, and does not follow the Abbe principle. CN 202133349U discloses a non-contact displacement sensor calibration device which is only suitable for calibration of non-contact displacement sensors. CN 111288947a discloses a stay wire type displacement sensor calibration device and a calibration method. The linear displacement sensor mainly comprises a laser interferometer, a calibrated pull-wire displacement sensor, a guide rail and other components, wherein the components are arranged on the same straight line, so that the problems of parallelism with the guide rail and linearity are solved. The device takes the main shaft sliding table as a motion reference, and realizes the calibration operation of the forward and backward travel measuring points under the assistance of the output standard displacement value of the laser interferometer. It should be noted that the device is relatively expensive and is only suitable for calibrating pull-wire displacement sensors. At present, a specific linear displacement sensor calibration device does not exist, can meet the linear displacement sensor calibration requirements of all collision dummy categories at the same time, and is operated according to the Abbe principle, so that the characteristics of high precision, high intelligence, high efficiency and the like are achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims at: the calibration of all the existing collision dummy linear displacement sensors can be satisfied, and the method has the advantages of high precision, high intelligence, high efficiency, automation and the like; the method can effectively solve the problems existing in the calibration of the existing linear displacement sensor and meets the requirements of the calibration standard of the JJF1305-2011 linear displacement sensor.
The technical scheme of the first aspect of the application is as follows: the utility model provides a collision dummy comprehensive linear displacement sensor calibration device, which comprises an upper computer, a lower computer, a servo motor, a coupler, a workbench, a linear displacement sensor clamp and a precise linear module;
the linear displacement sensor clamp comprises a sensor fixed base, wherein the sensor fixed base is matched with various tools for use;
the precise linear module is a single-shaft combined integrated module and consists of a precise ball screw assembly, a U-shaped linear slide rail, a slide seat and a connecting flange, wherein the precise ball screw assembly is fixed in the middle of the U-shaped linear slide rail, the slide seat is sleeved outside the precise ball screw assembly and moves along the precise ball screw assembly, and the connecting flange is fixed at one end of the U-shaped linear slide rail;
the workbench is provided with a threaded hole for installing a linear displacement sensor clamp, and is fixed with the sliding seat by using bolts;
the servo motor is fixed with the connecting flange by using bolts and is connected with the precise ball screw assembly through a coupler;
the upper computer is connected with the lower computer through a cable, and the lower computer is connected with the servo motor through a cable.
Further, the tooling matched with the sensor fixing base comprises an H-III chest tooling, a V-shaped block tooling and a stay wire tooling;
the H-III chest tool is used for fixing the first displacement sensor, the V-shaped block tool is used for fixing the second displacement sensor, and the stay wire tool is used for fixing the third displacement sensor.
Further, the sensor fixing base is of a T-shaped structure, a threaded mounting hole for fixing the second displacement sensor is formed in the upper plane, a groove for fixing the third displacement sensor is formed in the upper edge of the upper plane, and a positioning through hole for fixing the first displacement sensor is formed in the upper end of the vertical plane.
Further, the H-III chest tooling comprises a telescopic tensioner, a trapezoidal tooling plate, a fixed seat, a swing arm and a ball head, wherein the telescopic tensioner and the trapezoidal tooling plate are fixed on a workbench through bolts, a threaded hole for installing a first displacement sensor is formed in the fixed seat, the fixed seat is installed on a positioning through hole of a sensor fixing base, the tail end of the swing arm is connected with the fixed seat through a set screw, the ball head is connected with the front end of the swing arm, and the telescopic tensioner applies force to the ball head on the swing arm to enable the ball head to be attached to the trapezoidal tooling plate;
the V-shaped block tool comprises an upper V-shaped block and a lower V-shaped block, the lower V-shaped block is fixed on the workbench through bolts, the upper V-shaped block is fixed with the lower V-shaped block through bolts, and a groove which is left between the upper V-shaped block and the lower V-shaped block is used for fixing the second displacement sensor;
the wire drawing tool comprises an L-shaped plate and a rectangular plate, wherein the L-shaped plate is fixed on the workbench through bolts, the rectangular plate is fixed with the L-shaped plate through bolts, and a threaded hole for fixing a third displacement sensor is formed in the bottom of the rectangular plate.
Further, the servo motor, the coupler, the workbench, the linear displacement sensor clamp and the support table top are arranged below the precise linear module, the support table top is integrally made of aluminum profiles, four adjustable support foot pads are arranged at the lower end of the support table top, and the adjustable support foot pads are directly contacted with the placed table top.
Further, an incremental encoder is arranged in the servo motor, and the displacement data variation of the workbench is measured in real time.
Further, the upper computer is provided with calibration software for calibrating the linear displacement sensor, the lower computer comprises a servo controller, a data communication module, a digital multimeter and an excitation power supply, the lower computer is in real-time communication connection with the servo controller through a cable, the servo controller is connected with the servo motor through the cable, and the servo motor is controlled in three modes of position, speed and moment.
The technical scheme of the second aspect of the application is as follows: the calibration method of the calibration device of the comprehensive linear displacement sensor of the collision dummy comprises the following steps:
step 1, starting equipment, opening calibration software and connecting the equipment in a communication way, positioning a workbench to an axis middle position by using the calibration software, and running a built-in setting program to perform temperature compensation;
step 2, fixing the calibrated linear displacement sensor by using a linear displacement sensor clamp, and adjusting all parts of the linear displacement sensor clamp to enable the calibrated linear displacement sensor and the workbench to be on the same axis so as to reduce Abbe errors;
step 3, setting a measuring range and a calibration point required by a calibrated linear displacement sensor in calibration software, positioning the initial position of a workbench, clearing standard displacement data acquired in real time, executing a calibration program, moving the workbench by using the calibration software, and sequentially carrying out automatic calibration of the measurement points;
and step 4, after the calibration is finished, the upper computer calibration software generates a report.
Further, in step 3, the calibration procedure further includes:
step 3.1, defining the measuring range of the calibrated linear displacement sensor as x mm and the number of measuring points as Z;
step 3.2, using the calibration software to move the workbench, sequentially performing automatic calibration of the measuring points, wherein the nth measuring point has a display value [ (x n)/Z ] on the calibration software of the upper computer]mm, n is an integer from 1 to Z, and the display value of the calibrated linear displacement sensor is y n mm, the relative error of the nth measurement point is [ y ] n －(x×n)/Z]mm。
Further, the calibration program comprises calibration of a forward stroke and calibration of a reverse stroke, the workbench firstly performs forward linear motion to complete the calibration of the forward stroke, and then performs reverse linear motion to complete the calibration of the reverse stroke, wherein the forward and reverse strokes form a measurement cycle, and the calibration software automatically calculates sensitivity, linearization index and intercept according to a measurement result of the cycle through a fitting equation, and the fitting equation is as follows:
L＝Y e ×K+L 0
l is the fitting output value of the calibrated linear displacement sensor, Y is the output value of the calibrated linear displacement sensor, e is the linearization index, K is the calibration coefficient of the calibrated linear displacement sensor, L 0 To fit the intercept of the equation.
The device and the method for calibrating the comprehensive linear displacement sensor of the collision dummy can meet the calibration requirements of all displacement sensors of the current collision dummy.
The application has at least the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the application adopts upper computer calibration software, acquires the displacement variation of the sliding seat measured in real time by the built-in encoder of the servo motor, and can compensate according to the set value of the upper computer; the pulse signal is fed back to the servo controller, the controller transmits the feedback signal to the lower computer, the lower computer converts the analog quantity into the digital quantity and transmits the digital quantity to the upper computer to display the displacement value, and the whole process is controlled in a closed loop manner, so that the servo controller has high precision, high efficiency and intellectualization;
secondly, the precision of the equipment used by the calibration device accords with the JF1305-2011 standard, and a grating, a laser interferometer, a length measuring machine and the like are abandoned to be used as standard devices, so that the cost is low and the precision is high;
third, the calibrating device of the application adopts a precise linear module, the module is integrated, and the workbench is arranged at the upper end of the module, so that the calibrated linear displacement sensor and the tool are positioned on the same axis; the plane parallelism is optimized, the Abbe principle is followed, and the Abbe error is reduced;
fourth, the calibrating device of the application combines a multifunctional tool and a linear displacement sensor clamp, thereby realizing the calibration of various linear displacement sensors and having comprehensive functions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a calibration device for a comprehensive linear displacement sensor of a collision dummy according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the control principle of the calibration device for the comprehensive linear displacement sensor of the crash dummy according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional view of the chest displacement sensor clamp of the present application in calibrating a resistive potentiometer;
FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional view of the IR-TRACC displacement sensor fixture according to the present application when calibrated by laser;
FIG. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional view of the present application in calibrating a pull-wire displacement sensor fixture;
FIG. 6 is a schematic three-dimensional view of a precision linear module of the calibration apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a servo motor of the calibration device of FIG. 1 connected to a precision linear module through a coupling;
FIG. 8 is a schematic three-dimensional view of a sensor mounting base of the calibration device of FIG. 1;
the device comprises a 1-supporting table top, a 2-adjustable supporting foot pad, a 3-workbench, a 4-precise ball screw assembly, a 5-U-shaped linear slide rail, a 6-slide seat, a 7-connecting flange, an 8-coupler, a 9-sensor fixing base, a 101-threaded mounting hole, a 102-groove, a 103-positioning through hole, a 10-H-III chest tool, a 200-first displacement sensor, a 201-telescopic tensioner, a 202-trapezoid tooling plate, a 203-fixing seat, a 204-swing arm, a 205-ball head, an 11-V-shaped block tool, a 300-second displacement sensor, a 301-upper V-shaped block, a 302-lower V-shaped block, a 12-pull wire tool, a 400-third displacement sensor, a 401-L-shaped plate, a 402-rectangular plate, a 13-servo motor, a 14-lower computer and a 15-upper computer.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present application will be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description. It should be noted that, without conflict, embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, however, the present application may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and the scope of the application is therefore not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As shown in fig. 1, 6 and 7, the embodiment provides a calibration device for a comprehensive linear displacement sensor of a collision dummy, which comprises a supporting table top 1, an adjustable supporting foot pad 2, a workbench 3, a coupler 8, a servo motor 13, a lower computer 14, an upper computer 15, a linear displacement sensor clamp and a precise linear module; the linear displacement sensor clamp comprises a sensor fixing base 9 and a tool; the precise linear module comprises a precise ball screw assembly 4, a U-shaped linear slide rail 5, a slide 6, and a connecting flange 7.
The supporting table top 1 is used as a support of a calibration device and is integrally made of an aluminum profile, and 4 adjustable supporting foot pads 2 are arranged at the lower end of the supporting table top so as to be in direct contact with a placed table top, so that the leveling state of the supporting table top is ensured, and the obtained static stability is convenient for subsequent measurement; the supporting table top is of a cuboid structure, the thickness of the supporting table top is 16mm, the length is 648mm, and the width is 350mm. The following combinations are respectively and fixedly installed on the central line of the supporting table top: the servo motor 13, the sensor fixing base 9, the coupler 8 and the precise linear module.
The workbench 3 is fixedly arranged on a threaded hole of the sliding seat 6 by using bolts, a plurality of mounting threaded holes for fixedly mounting clamps of the linear displacement sensor are formed in the workbench 3, and different clamp structural forms are used according to the structural forms of different calibrated linear displacement sensors; the sensor fixing base 9 is arranged on the supporting table board 1 and used with various tools, one end of the calibrated linear displacement sensor is fixed on the sensor fixing base 9, the other end of the calibrated linear displacement sensor can be arranged on a linear displacement sensor clamp on the workbench 3 above the precise linear module according to requirements, and when the precise ball screw assembly 4 starts to rotate, the workbench 3 above the sliding seat 6 is driven to perform linear motion so that the calibrated linear displacement sensor generates displacement.
The precise linear module is a single-shaft combined integrated module and consists of a precise ball screw assembly 4, a U-shaped linear slide rail 5, a slide seat 6 and a connecting flange 7; the precise ball screw assembly 4 is fixed in the middle of the U-shaped linear slide rail 5, the slide seat 6 is sleeved outside the precise ball screw assembly 4, threads are arranged on the precise ball screw assembly 4, the slide seat 6 can move along the precise ball screw assembly 4, and the connecting flange 7 is fixed at one end of the U-shaped linear slide rail 5; the track length is 400mm, the maximum travel is 310mm, the repeated positioning precision is 0.003mm, the walking parallelism is less than or equal to 0.01mm, and the track has the characteristics of high precision, high rigidity, small volume, light weight and the like.
As shown in fig. 8, the sensor fixing base 9 is used with various tools for fixing one end of the sensor. The sensor fixing base 9 is of a T-shaped structure, belongs to a multifunctional tool, and is provided with a threaded mounting hole 101 on the upper plane thereof for fixing one end of the second displacement sensor 300; at the upper edge thereof, there is a groove 102 for fixing one end of the third displacement sensor 400; at the same time, the fixing base is further formed with a positioning through hole 103 coaxial with the fixing base for fixing one end of the first displacement sensor 200.
Preferably, the skilled person can design and process different clamp structures according to the structures of different calibrated linear displacement sensors.
The servo motor 13 is arranged on the precise linear module connecting flange 7 by using bolts and then is connected with the precise ball screw assembly 4 through the coupler 8, and a driving shaft of the servo motor 13 drives the precise ball screw assembly 4 to rotate when the servo motor 13 operates; the servo motor 13 is internally provided with an incremental encoder for measuring the displacement data variation of the workbench 3 above the sliding seat 6 in real time. The servo motor is an incremental encoder motor, and the principle of the servo motor is that three groups of square wave pulses are output: A. b and Z phases. The phase difference between the A, B pulses is 90 degrees, so that the rotation direction can be conveniently judged; and each pulse of the Z phase is used as a reference point for positioning; the angle thereof shows a minimum resolution of 0.0004/pulse; JJG146-2003 gauge block specification level error: the nominal length of the three equal gauge blocks is measured uncertainty between 300mm and 400mm, and the maximum allowable value is 0.5um; the servo motor can meet the JJF1305-2011 specification and can compensate according to the set value of the upper computer.
The lower computer 14 and the upper computer 15 are arranged at one side of the supporting table top 1, and the upper computer 15 is connected with the lower computer 14 through a cable; the upper computer 15 is provided with calibration software for calibrating the linear displacement sensor, and belongs to the existing self-grinding technology; the software can meet the JJF1305-2011 specification and GB/T17421-2000 measurement standard, automatically control the precise linear module to move according to the requirement through a set program, collect and display standard displacement and voltage signals, and automatically calculate and generate a calibration report through a fitting equation; the built-in setting program 'heat engine' is used before calibration and used for temperature compensation so as to ensure measurement uncertainty generated by temperature and meet the GB/T17421.2-2016 standard; the lower computer 14 comprises a servo controller, a data communication module, a digital multimeter and an excitation power supply, wherein the lower computer 14 is in real-time communication connection with the servo controller through a cable, the servo controller is connected with the servo motor 13 through the cable, and the servo motor is controlled in three modes of position, speed and moment. The data communication module is used for signal control and data input and output conversion; digital multimeter: display bit resolution 6, precision 0.01%; excitation power: the precision is 0.1%, and the additional temperature drift is 0.01%/degree, which accords with the JF1305-2011 specification.
As shown in fig. 2, the control principle of the calibration device is: the upper computer 15 sends a control command to the lower computer 14 through calibration software, a data communication module of the lower computer 14 converts a digital quantity signal into an analog quantity signal and sends the analog quantity signal to the servo controller, the servo controller sends a driving signal to the servo motor 13, the servo motor 13 controls the coupler 8 to drive the precise ball screw assembly 4 to rotate, the precise ball screw assembly 4 is provided with threads and is matched with the sliding seat 6, so that the workbench 3 moves along a straight line and drives a calibrated linear displacement sensor to generate displacement, the displacement is controlled by a pulse signal of the servo motor, each pulse signal is given to the servo motor, the servo motor outputs a certain displacement, the pulse signal is converted into a displacement data value and can be compensated according to a set value of the upper computer 15, the servo motor 13 feeds back the pulse signal to the servo controller, the controller transmits the precise ball screw assembly 4 according to a feedback signal, and the lower computer 14 converts the analog quantity into the digital quantity and transmits the digital quantity to the upper computer 15 to display the displacement data value; the calibration software in the upper computer 15 can realize closed-loop control according to the set parameters, and automatically issues a control instruction according to the calibration specification of the JJF1305-2011 linear displacement sensor, so that the calibrated linear displacement sensor is controlled to generate displacement; the difference between the displacement generated by the calibrated linear displacement sensor and the standard displacement on the calibration software through the fitting equation is the error of the linear displacement sensor, so that the calibration of the linear displacement sensor is realized.
The embodiment also provides a calibration method of the calibration device of the comprehensive linear displacement sensor of the collision dummy, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, the calibrating device, the power supply of the lower computer and the power supply of the upper computer are turned on, and the calibrating software is started and connected with the device in a communication way. The bench 3 is positioned to an axis neutral position using calibration software to prevent a bump machine, and a built-in setup program "heat engine" is run for temperature compensation to ensure that the measurement uncertainty resulting from temperature meets the GB/T17421.2-2016 standard.
And 2, fixing the calibrated linear displacement sensor by using a linear displacement sensor clamp, and adjusting all parts of the linear displacement sensor clamp to enable the calibrated linear displacement sensor to be on the same axis with the workbench 3 so as to reduce Abbe errors.
Step 3, setting a measuring range and a calibration point required by a calibrated linear displacement sensor in the calibration software, positioning the initial position of the workbench 3, clearing standard displacement data acquired in real time, and clicking a start button of the calibration software to execute a calibration program;
step 3.1, defining the measuring range of the calibrated linear displacement sensor as x mm and determining the number of measuring points as Z;
step 3.2, using calibration software to move the workbench 3, firstly performing forward rectilinear motion, then performing reverse rectilinear motion, and sequentially performing forward stroke calibration and reverse stroke calibration of the measuring points;
the nth measurement point in the calibration process shows a value [ (x n)/Z) on the calibration software of the upper computer 15]mm, n is an integer from 1 to Z, and the display value of the calibrated linear displacement sensor is y n mm, the relative error of the nth measurement point is [ y ] n －(x×n)/Z]mm；
The positive and negative strokes form a measuring cycle, and the calibration software automatically calculates the sensitivity, linearization index and intercept according to a measuring result of one cycle through a fitting equation, wherein the fitting equation is as follows:
L＝Y e ×K+L 0
l is the fitting output value of the calibrated linear displacement sensor, Y is the output value of the calibrated linear displacement sensor, e is the linearization index, K is the calibration coefficient of the calibrated linear displacement sensor, L 0 To fit the intercept of the equation.
And 4, clicking the upper computer 15 to calibrate software to generate a report after the calibration is finished.
Embodiment one:
the "resistive potentiometer" chest displacement sensor is calibrated using a crash dummy comprehensive linear displacement sensor calibration device, in this embodiment the sensor is fixed using an H-III chest tooling 10.
As shown in fig. 3, the H-III chest tooling 10 includes a telescopic tensioner 201, a trapezoidal tooling plate 202, a fixing seat 203, a swing arm 204 and a ball head 205, wherein the telescopic tensioner 201 and the trapezoidal tooling plate 202 are both fixed on the workbench 3 by bolts, a threaded hole for installing the first displacement sensor 200 is formed in the fixing seat 203, the fixing seat 203 is installed on a positioning through hole 103 of the sensor fixing base 9, the tail end of the swing arm 204 is connected with the fixing seat 203 by a set screw, the ball head 205 is connected with the front end of the swing arm 204, and the telescopic tensioner 201 applies force to the ball head on the swing arm 204 to enable the ball head to be attached to the trapezoidal tooling plate 202.
The on-site calibration method comprises the following steps:
step 1, the power supplies of the calibrating device, the lower computer 14 and the upper computer 15 are turned on, and the calibrating software is started and connected with the device in a communication way. The calibration software is used to position the table 3 to an axis neutral position to prevent a collision, and then a built-in setup program "heat engine" is run for temperature compensation to ensure that the measurement uncertainty resulting from the temperature meets the GB/T17421.2-2016 standard.
Step 2, the first displacement sensor 200 selects a 'resistive potentiometer type' chest displacement sensor, an H-III chest tool 10 is adopted, the 'resistive potentiometer type' chest displacement sensor is firstly installed on a fixed seat 203, then the fixed seat 203 is installed on a positioning through hole 103 of a sensor fixing base 9, the tail end of a swing arm 204 is connected with the fixed seat 203 through a set screw, a ball head 205 is connected with the front end of the swing arm 204, meanwhile, the sensor plane is ensured to be parallel to the plane of the fixed seat 203, a telescopic tensioner 201 is fixed on a workbench 3 through a bolt, the telescopic tensioner 201 applies force to the ball head 205 on the swing arm 204 to enable the ball head 205 to be attached to a trapezoid tooling plate 202, and accordingly, the calibrated linear displacement sensor and the workbench 3 are ensured to be on the same axis, and Abbe errors are reduced.
And 3, selecting or setting a measuring range and a calibration point required by a calibrated linear displacement sensor in calibration software, positioning the initial position of the workbench 3 on the sliding seat 6, and clearing the standard displacement data acquired in real time. Clicking a "start" button of the calibration software to perform the calibration procedure;
step 3.1, for the calibration method of the chest displacement sensor of the resistive potentiometer, firstly, the measuring range of the sensor is defined as x mm, at the moment, the number of measuring points of one forward stroke is Z, and the number of measuring points of one reverse stroke is also Z;
step 3.2, using the upper computer 15 calibration software to move the workbench 3, firstly performing forward rectilinear motion, then performing reverse rectilinear motion, and sequentially performing forward stroke calibration and reverse stroke calibration of the measuring points;
after the table 3 starts to move until the calibration software shows a value of [ (x 1)/Z]mm, at this time, the calibration software will display the value of y of the chest displacement sensor of the resistive potentiometer type 1 mm, and automatically calculating the relative error of the first measuring point as [ y ] 1 －(x×1)/Z]mm; next, automatic calibration of the remaining measurement points is sequentially performed, wherein the display value of the calibration software of the upper computer 15 of the nth measurement point is [ (x×n)/Z]mm, n is an integer from 1 to Z, and the display value of the chest displacement sensor of the resistive potentiometer type is y n mm, the relative error of the nth measurement point is [ y ] n －(x×n)/Z]mm；
The Z measurement points are calibrated according to the steps, the calibration is a positive stroke calibration, after the calibration of the positive stroke is completed, the workbench 3 moves reversely and linearly, the calibration of the rest Z measurement points is automatically performed sequentially according to the method in the steps, the calibration is a reverse stroke calibration, and finally the whole calibration operation is completed; taking the forward and reverse strokes as a measurement cycle, according to the measurement result of one cycle, the calibration software uses a fitting equation: l=y e ×K+L 0 The sensitivity, linearization index and intercept are automatically calculated, and the formula is defined: l is the fitting output value mm of the calibrated linear displacement sensor, Y is the output value V, e of the calibrated linear displacement sensor, K is the calibration coefficient mm/V, L of the calibrated linear displacement sensor 0 To fit the intercept mm of the equation.
And 4, after the calibration is finished, clicking the upper computer 15 calibration software to generate a report about the calibration of the 'resistive potentiometer' chest displacement sensor.
Embodiment two:
the laser type IR-TRACC displacement sensor is calibrated by using the calibration device of the comprehensive linear displacement sensor of the collision dummy, and the sensor is fixed by adopting the V-shaped block tool 11 in the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 4, the V-shaped block fixture 11 includes an upper V-shaped block 301 and a lower V-shaped block 302, the lower V-shaped block 302 is fixed on the workbench 3 by bolts, the upper V-shaped block 301 is fixed with the lower V-shaped block 302 by bolts, and a groove left between the upper V-shaped block 301 and the lower V-shaped block 302 is used for fixing the second displacement sensor 300.
The on-site calibration method comprises the following steps:
step 1, the power supplies of the calibrating device, the lower computer 14 and the upper computer 15 are turned on, and the calibrating software is started and connected with the device in a communication way. The calibration software is used to position the table 3 to an axis neutral position to prevent a collision, and then a built-in setup program "heat engine" is run for temperature compensation to ensure that the measurement uncertainty resulting from the temperature meets the GB/T17421.2-2016 standard.
Step 2, selecting a laser type IR-TRACC displacement sensor by the second displacement sensor 300, firstly fixedly mounting a lower V-shaped block 302 on the workbench 3 through a through hole at the bottom of the workbench 3 by bolts, then placing the laser type IR-TRACC displacement sensor on the lower V-shaped block 302, and fixedly mounting an upper V-shaped block 301 bolt on a threaded hole of the lower V-shaped block 302 through the through hole so as to clamp the lower V-shaped block 301; finally, the front end of the sensor is locked and fixed on the threaded mounting hole 101 of the sensor fixing base 9 by using a screw to pass through a round hole at the front end of the sensor, so that the calibrated linear displacement sensor and the workbench 3 are ensured to be on the same axis, and Abbe errors are reduced.
And 3, selecting or setting a measuring range and a calibration point required by a calibrated linear displacement sensor in calibration software, positioning the initial position of the workbench 3 on the sliding seat 6, and clearing the standard displacement data acquired in real time. Clicking a "start" button of the calibration software to perform the calibration procedure;
step 3.1, for the calibration method of the laser type IR-TRACC displacement sensor, firstly, the measuring range of the sensor is defined as x mm, at the moment, the number of measuring points of one forward stroke is Z, and the number of measuring points of one reverse stroke is also Z;
step 3.2, using the upper computer 15 calibration software to move the workbench 3, firstly performing forward rectilinear motion, then performing reverse rectilinear motion, and sequentially performing forward stroke calibration and reverse stroke calibration of the measuring points;
after the table 3 starts to move until the calibration software shows a value of [ (x 1)/Z]mm, at this time, the calibration software will display the "laser" IR-TRACC displacement sensor with the display value of y 1 mm, and automatically calculating the relative error of the first measuring point as [ y ] 1 －(x×1)/Z]mm; next, automatic calibration of the remaining measurement points is sequentially performed, wherein the display value of the calibration software of the upper computer 15 of the nth measurement point is [ (x×n)/Z]mm, n is an integer from 1 to Z, and the display value of the "laser type" IR-TRACC displacement sensor is y n mm, the relative error of the nth measurement point is [ y ] n －(x×n)/Z]mm；
The Z measurement points are calibrated according to the steps, the calibration is a positive stroke calibration, after the calibration of the positive stroke is completed, the workbench 3 moves reversely and linearly, the calibration of the rest Z measurement points is automatically performed sequentially according to the method in the steps, the calibration is a reverse stroke calibration, and finally the whole calibration operation is completed; taking the forward and reverse strokes as a measurement cycle, according to the measurement result of one cycle, the calibration software uses a fitting equation: l=y e ×K+L 0 The sensitivity, linearization index and intercept are automatically calculated, and the formula is defined: l is the fitting output value mm of the calibrated linear displacement sensor, Y is the output value V, e of the calibrated linear displacement sensor, K is the calibration coefficient mm/V, L of the calibrated linear displacement sensor 0 To fit the intercept mm of the equation.
And 4, after the calibration is finished, clicking the upper computer 15 calibration software to generate a report about the calibration of the laser type IR-TRACC displacement sensor.
Embodiment III:
the pull-wire type displacement sensor is calibrated by using the collision dummy comprehensive linear displacement sensor calibration device, and the sensor is fixed by using the pull-wire tool 12 in the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 5, the wire drawing tool 12 comprises an L-shaped plate 401 and a rectangular plate 402, the L-shaped plate 401 is fixed on the workbench 3 through bolts, the rectangular plate 402 is fixed with the L-shaped plate 401 through bolts, and a threaded hole for fixing the third displacement sensor 400 is formed in the bottom of the rectangular plate 402.
The on-site calibration method comprises the following steps:
step 1, the power supplies of the calibrating device, the lower computer 14 and the upper computer 15 are turned on, and the calibrating software is started and connected with the device in a communication way. The calibration software is used to position the table 3 to an axis neutral position to prevent a collision, and then a built-in setup program "heat engine" is run for temperature compensation to ensure that the measurement uncertainty resulting from the temperature meets the GB/T17421.2-2016 standard.
Step 2, selecting a stay wire type displacement sensor from the third displacement sensor 400, firstly fixing the L-shaped plate 401 on the workbench 3, then installing the stay wire type displacement sensor on a threaded hole at the bottom of the rectangular plate 402, and fixedly installing the rectangular plate 402 on the L-shaped plate 401 by utilizing bolts to pass through the through holes; finally, the sensor stay wire is pulled out to the groove 102 of the sensor fixing base 9 to be fixed, so that the calibrated linear displacement sensor and the workbench are ensured to be on the same axis, and Abbe errors are reduced.
And 3, selecting or setting a measuring range and a calibration point required by a calibrated linear displacement sensor in calibration software, positioning the initial position of the workbench 3 on the sliding seat 6, and clearing the standard displacement data acquired in real time. Clicking a "start" button of the calibration software to perform the calibration procedure;
step 3.1, for the calibration method of the stay wire type displacement sensor, firstly, defining the measuring range of the sensor as x mm, wherein the number of measuring points of one forward stroke is Z, and the number of measuring points of one reverse stroke is also Z;
step 3.2, using the upper computer 15 calibration software to move the workbench 3, firstly performing forward rectilinear motion, then performing reverse rectilinear motion, and sequentially performing forward stroke calibration and reverse stroke calibration of the measuring points;
after the table 3 starts to move until the calibration software shows a value of [ (x 1)/Z]mm, at this time, the calibration software will display the value of y of the stay wire type displacement sensor 1 mm, and automatically calculating the relative error of the first measuring point as [ y ] 1 －(x×1)/Z]mm; next, the remaining measurement points are completed in sequenceWherein the reading of the upper computer 15 calibration software of the nth measurement point is [ (x n)/Z)]mm, n is an integer from 1 to Z, and the reading of the stay wire type displacement sensor is y n The relative indication error of the pull-wire type displacement sensor at the nth measuring point is [ y ] n －(x×n)/Z]mm；
The Z measurement points are calibrated according to the steps, the calibration is a forward stroke calibration, after the forward stroke calibration is completed, the workbench moves reversely and linearly, the calibration of the remaining Z measurement points is automatically performed sequentially according to the method in the steps, the calibration is a reverse stroke calibration, and finally the whole calibration operation is completed; taking the forward and reverse strokes as a measurement cycle, according to the measurement result of one cycle, the calibration software uses a fitting equation: l=y e ×K+L 0 The sensitivity, linearization index and intercept are automatically calculated, and the formula is defined: l is the fitting output value mm of the calibrated linear displacement sensor, Y is the output value V, e of the calibrated linear displacement sensor, K is the calibration coefficient mm/V, L of the calibrated linear displacement sensor 0 To fit the intercept mm of the equation.
And 4, clicking the upper computer 15 to calibrate software to generate a report about calibrating the stay wire type displacement sensor after the calibration is finished.
In the present application, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; "coupled" may be directly coupled or indirectly coupled through intermediaries. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The shapes of the various components in the drawings are illustrative, and do not exclude certain differences from the actual shapes thereof, and the drawings are merely illustrative of the principles of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. The terms of upper, lower, front and rear in the present document are established based on the positional relationship shown in the drawings. The drawings are different, and the corresponding positional relationship may be changed, so that the scope of protection cannot be understood.
Although the application has been disclosed in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that such description is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the application of the application. The scope of the application is defined by the appended claims and may include various modifications, alterations and equivalents of the application without departing from the scope and spirit of the application.
Claims (10)
1. The device for calibrating the comprehensive linear displacement sensor of the collision dummy is characterized by comprising an upper computer (15), a lower computer (14), a servo motor (13), a coupler (8), a workbench (3), a linear displacement sensor clamp and a precise linear module;
the linear displacement sensor clamp comprises a sensor fixing base (9), and the sensor fixing base (9) is matched with various tools for use;
the precise linear module is a single-shaft combined integrated module and consists of a precise ball screw assembly (4), a U-shaped linear slide rail (5), a sliding seat (6) and a connecting flange (7), wherein the precise ball screw assembly (4) is fixed in the middle of the U-shaped linear slide rail (5), the sliding seat (6) is sleeved on the outer side of the precise ball screw assembly (4) and moves along the precise ball screw assembly (4), and the connecting flange (7) is fixed at one end of the U-shaped linear slide rail (5);
the workbench (3) is provided with a threaded hole for installing a line displacement sensor clamp, and the workbench (3) is fixed with the sliding seat (6) by using bolts;
the servo motor (13) is fixed with the connecting flange (7) by using bolts, and the servo motor (13) is connected with the precise ball screw assembly (4) through the coupler (8);
the upper computer (15) is connected with the lower computer (14) through a cable, and the lower computer (14) is connected with the servo motor (13) through a cable.
2. The device for calibrating the comprehensive linear displacement sensor of the collision dummy according to claim 1, wherein the matched tools of the sensor fixing base (9) comprise an H-III chest tool (10), a V-shaped block tool (11) and a wire pulling tool (12);
the H-III chest tool (10) is used for fixing a first displacement sensor (200), the V-shaped block tool (11) is used for fixing a second displacement sensor (300), and the stay wire tool (12) is used for fixing a third displacement sensor (400).
3. The calibration device for the comprehensive linear displacement sensor of the crash dummy according to claim 2, wherein the sensor fixing base (9) is of a T-shaped structure, a threaded mounting hole (101) for fixing the second displacement sensor (300) is formed in an upper plane, a groove (102) for fixing the third displacement sensor (400) is formed in an upper edge of the upper plane, and a positioning through hole (103) for fixing the first displacement sensor (200) is formed in an upper end of the vertical plane.
4. A crash dummy comprehensive linear displacement sensor calibration device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the H-III chest tooling (10) comprises a telescopic tensioner (201), a trapezoid tooling plate (202), a fixed seat (203), a swing arm (204) and a ball head (205), wherein the telescopic tensioner (201) and the trapezoid tooling plate (202) are both fixed on a workbench (3) through bolts, a threaded hole for installing a first displacement sensor (200) is formed in the fixed seat (203), the fixed seat (203) is installed on a positioning through hole (103) of a sensor fixing base (9), the tail end of the swing arm (204) is connected with the fixed seat (203) through a set screw, the ball head (205) is connected with the front end of the swing arm (204), and the ball head on the swing arm (204) is applied with force by the telescopic tensioner (201) to the ball head on the swing arm (204) so that the ball head is attached to the trapezoid tooling plate (202);
the V-shaped block tool (11) comprises an upper V-shaped block (301) and a lower V-shaped block (302), wherein the lower V-shaped block (302) is fixed on a workbench (3) through bolts, the upper V-shaped block (301) is fixed with the lower V-shaped block (302) through bolts, and a groove left between the upper V-shaped block (301) and the lower V-shaped block (302) is used for fixing a second displacement sensor (300);
the wire pulling tool (12) comprises an L-shaped plate (401) and a rectangular plate (402), the L-shaped plate (401) is fixed on a workbench (3) through bolts, the rectangular plate (402) is fixed with the L-shaped plate (401) through bolts, and a threaded hole for fixing a third displacement sensor (400) is formed in the bottom of the rectangular plate (402).
5. The device for calibrating the comprehensive linear displacement sensor of the crash dummy according to claim 1, wherein a supporting table top (1) is arranged below the servo motor (13), the coupler (8), the workbench (3), the linear displacement sensor clamp and the precise linear module, the supporting table top (1) is integrally made of aluminum profiles, four adjustable supporting foot pads (2) are arranged at the lower end of the supporting table top, and the adjustable supporting foot pads (2) are directly contacted with the placed table top.
6. The calibration device of the comprehensive linear displacement sensor of the crash dummy according to claim 1, wherein the servo motor (13) is internally provided with an incremental encoder for measuring the displacement data variation of the workbench (3) in real time.
7. The device for calibrating the comprehensive linear displacement sensor of the crash dummy according to claim 1, wherein the upper computer (15) is provided with calibration software for calibrating the linear displacement sensor, the lower computer (14) comprises a servo controller, a data communication module, a digital multimeter and an excitation power supply, the lower computer (14) is in real-time communication connection with the servo controller through a cable, the servo controller is connected with the servo motor (13) through the cable, and the servo motor is controlled in three modes of position, speed and moment.
8. A method of calibrating a collision dummy comprehensive linear displacement sensor calibration apparatus, the method comprising:
step 1, starting equipment, opening calibration software and connecting the equipment in a communication way, positioning a workbench (3) to an axis middle position by using the calibration software, and running a built-in setting program to perform temperature compensation;
step 2, fixing the calibrated linear displacement sensor by using a linear displacement sensor clamp, and adjusting all parts of the linear displacement sensor clamp to enable the calibrated linear displacement sensor and a workbench (3) to be on the same axis so as to reduce Abbe errors;
step 3, setting a measuring range and a calibration point required by a calibrated linear displacement sensor in calibration software, positioning the initial position of the workbench (3), clearing standard displacement data acquired in real time, executing a calibration program, moving the workbench (3) by using the calibration software, and sequentially carrying out automatic calibration of the measurement points;
and step 4, after the calibration is finished, the upper computer calibration software generates a report.
9. The calibration method of the crash dummy comprehensive linear displacement sensor calibration apparatus according to claim 8, wherein in the step 3, the calibration program further comprises:
step 3.1, defining the measuring range of the calibrated linear displacement sensor as x mm and the number of measuring points as Z;
step 3.2, using the calibration software to move the workbench (3), and sequentially performing automatic calibration of the measuring points, wherein the nth measuring point has a display value [ (x n)/Z ] on the calibration software of the upper computer (15)]mm, n is an integer from 1 to Z, and the display value of the calibrated linear displacement sensor is y n mm, the relative error of the nth measurement point is [ y ] n －(x×n)/Z]mm。
10. Calibration method of a crash dummy comprehensive linear displacement sensor calibration device according to claim 9, characterized in that the calibration procedure comprises a calibration of a forward stroke and a calibration of a reverse stroke, the calibration of the forward stroke being completed by a forward linear motion of the table (3) and the calibration of the reverse stroke being completed by a reverse linear motion, wherein the forward and reverse strokes form a measurement cycle, and the calibration software automatically calculates the sensitivity, linearization index and intercept from the measurement result of one cycle by a fitting equation, the fitting equation being as follows:
L＝Y e ×K+L 0
l is the fitting output value of the calibrated linear displacement sensor, Y is the output value of the calibrated linear displacement sensor, e is the linearization index, K is the calibration coefficient of the calibrated linear displacement sensor, L 0 To fit the intercept of the equation.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN119085405A (en) * | 2024-08-30 | 2024-12-06 | 清华大学 | A lightweight target dummy |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN119085405A (en) * | 2024-08-30 | 2024-12-06 | 清华大学 | A lightweight target dummy |
| CN119085405B (en) * | 2024-08-30 | 2025-11-25 | 清华大学 | Light target dummy |
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