CN117073490A - Multi-hole distance position degree gauge, gauge and processing method - Google Patents
Multi-hole distance position degree gauge, gauge and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117073490A CN117073490A CN202311034138.9A CN202311034138A CN117073490A CN 117073490 A CN117073490 A CN 117073490A CN 202311034138 A CN202311034138 A CN 202311034138A CN 117073490 A CN117073490 A CN 117073490A
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- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 102220060547 rs786203080 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000080 chela (arthropods) Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a porous distance position degree gauge, a gauge and a processing method, which have the advantages of high qualification rate and short production period. The gauge comprises a gauge base, a positioning shaft, a measuring shaft and a positioning catheter, wherein the positioning catheter, the positioning shaft and the measuring shaft are sequentially fixed on the base from top to bottom, the shaft axes of the positioning shaft, the measuring shaft and the positioning catheter are positioned on the same vertical face, the positioning shaft is parallel to the measuring shaft, the front end face of the base is a datum plane A, the positioning shaft and the measuring shaft are perpendicular to the datum plane A of the base, the positioning catheter and the measuring shaft form an angle alpha, the angle alpha is an acute angle, the rear end face of the positioning catheter is a measuring face B, the measuring face B is perpendicular to the axis of the positioning catheter, the rear upper end of the gauge base is provided with an angle face C, the angle face C is parallel to the measuring face B, the measuring face B protrudes out of the angle face C, the positioning shaft is a prismatic shaft, a prismatic long diagonal line is arranged along the horizontal direction, and a suspension point a is generated above the measuring shaft axis extension line of the positioning catheter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gauges, in particular to a multi-hole distance position gauge, a gauge and a processing method.
Background
The gauge base 1 adopts 45 steel, quenched (28-32) HRC, the positioning shaft 2 and the measuring shaft 3 adopt 10-number steel, carburized depth is 1-1.2 mm, quenched (58-65) HRC, the positioning guide tube 4 adopts T10A steel, quenched (58-65) HRC, and the base 1 adopts the following technological processes: blanking, milling hexagonal and alpha angle surfaces, boring a threading hole phi 2mm (note: as finished products, slow-moving wire cutting machining holes (phi 1-0.5) H8, (phi 3-0.5) H8 and (phi 4+3) H8), checking semi-finished products, pincerlike, dehairing, deburring, heat treatment tempering (28-32) HRC, flat grinding the hexagonal and alpha angle surfaces, parallelism 0.01mm, standard surface B, C perpendicularity +/-2', finish Ra0.4um, slow-moving wire cutting holes (phi 1-0.5) H8, (phi 3-0.5) H8 and (phi 4+3) H8), guaranteeing center distance L1 +/-0.01 and flying spot sizes L2 +/-0.01, L3 +/-0.01 and L4 +/-0.01, lapping standard surfaces, guaranteeing parallelism and perpendicularity, detecting angle alpha with a sine gauge, and pincerlike assembly, checking finished products, and adopting the following process flow for positioning shaft 2: blanking, turning, respectively enlarging the excircle of phi 10-0.005 and (phi 1-0.5) H8 by 0.5mm to leave grinding allowance, milling phi 1 prismatic shape to be qualified, pincer shape, chamfering and deburring, drilling a positioning hole by (phi 1-0.5) H8 to be consistent with the positioning pin 5, heat treatment carburization depth of 1-1.2 mm, quenching (58-65) HRC, excircle grinding, grinding phi 10-0.005 and (phi 1-0.5) H8, and finishing degree Ra0.2um, wherein the measuring shaft 3 adopts the following process flow: blanking, turning, respectively enlarging the excircle of phi 20-0.005 and (phi 3-0.5) H8 by 0.5mm, reserving grinding allowance, clamping, backing, removing burrs, drilling a positioning hole by (phi 3-0.5) H8, aligning with the positioning pin 6, performing heat treatment carburization depth of 1-1.2 mm, quenching (58-65) HRC, performing excircle grinding, grinding phi 20-0.005 and (phi 3-0.5) H8, performing finish Ra0.2um, performing tool grinding, grinding a positioning surface A and finish Ra0.4um, and adopting the following technological processes for the positioning guide pipe 4: blanking, turning, reducing phi 4+0.0050 holes by 0.5mm, leaving grinding allowance, enlarging an excircle (phi 4+3) H8 by 0.5mm, leaving grinding allowance, pincerlike, rewinding, deburring, heat treatment quenching (58-65) HRC, grinding the phi 4+0.005 holes, finishing degree Ra0.2um, excircle grinding, grinding (phi 4+3) H8, finishing degree Ra0.2um, flat grinding, grinding a measuring surface B, finishing degree Ra0.2um, and independently machining the base 1, the positioning shaft 2, the measuring shaft 3 and the positioning guide pipe 4 to be qualified, assembling the positioning shaft 2 and the measuring shaft 3, ensuring the consistency of the hole distance L1+/-0.01, the perpendicularity between the positioning shaft and the reference surface A of the base 1 and the distance between the positioning shaft and the reference surface B, simultaneously ensuring the excircle bus of the positioning shaft 2 to be in the horizontal direction, and then measuring the actual distance L A between the lower end surface of the base 1 and the axis of the measuring shaft 3 by the pincerlike splicing block, the actual distance L B between the reference surface A of the base 1 and the positioning surface A of the measuring shaft is measured by using a measuring rod phi 5.00, then a technician calculates the theoretical distance L D between the angle surface C of the base 1 and the positioning catheter 4 according to the actual distance values L A, L B and L C provided by a bench worker and the technical requirements in combination with the workpiece figure 1, then the bench worker measures the actual value L D 'of the workpiece according to the theoretical value L D provided by the technician, if L D' is L D, the positioning catheter 4 is ground, if L D 'is L D, a thin sheet with the thickness of (L D-L D') is padded at the angle surface C of the base, the distance dimensions L2+/-0.01, L3+/-0.01 and L4+/-0.01 corresponding to the intersection point a are indirectly ensured, and the consistency of the distances between the central line of the positioning catheter 4 and the positioning shaft 2 and the positioning shaft 3 to the reference surface B of the base 1 is ensured, finally, a locating pin 5 and a locating pin 6 are assembled, so that the locating shaft 2 is prevented from rotating along a central line and the measuring shaft 3 is prevented from moving along the central line, and the gauge processed by the process has the following defects that the gauge is influenced by factors such as conversion and accumulation errors of a reference surface, measurement errors of actual values, clamping errors, directivity requirements of the locating shaft 2 and the like:
1. when the positioning shaft 2 is assembled, firstly, the outer circle generatrix is qualified along the height direction, after the hole pitch dimension L1 plus or minus 0.01 is qualified, the outer circle generatrix of the positioning shaft 2 is turned to the horizontal aspect, the hole pitch dimension after transformation is generally about 0.003mm in and out,
2. in the actual measurement values L A, L B and L C, the reference plane is converted too much, the cumulative error is generally about 0.01mm,
3. during periodic checking, the hole distance L1+/-0.01 cannot be directly measured because the outer circle generatrix of the positioning shaft 2 is along the horizontal direction,
4. low qualification rate, serious repair, influence the production efficiency,
disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a porous distance position degree gauge, a gauge and a processing method, which have high qualification rate and short production period.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way:
the utility model provides a multiporous distance position degree gauge, including gauge base (1), location axle (2), measuring axle (3), location pipe (4), location axle (2), measuring axle (3) are fixed on base (1) from the top down in proper order, location axle (2), measuring axle (3), the axial lead of location pipe (4) is located same facade, location axle (2) are parallel with measuring axle (3), the preceding terminal surface of base (1) is datum plane A, location axle (2) and measuring axle (3) perpendicular to base (1) datum plane A, location pipe (4) and measuring axle (3) form angle alpha, angle alpha is the acute angle, the rear end face of location pipe (4) is measuring plane B, measuring plane B perpendicular to the axis of location pipe (4), the rear upper end of gauge base (1) is equipped with angle face C, angle face C is parallel with measuring plane B, measuring plane B outstanding angle face C;
the measuring shaft (3) is a step shaft, the step surface of the measuring shaft (3) is a locating surface A, the central distance between the locating shaft (2) and the measuring shaft (3) is L1, the locating shaft (2) is a prismatic shaft, the prismatic long diagonal is arranged along the horizontal direction, an axial lead extension line of the locating guide pipe (4) is arranged above the measuring shaft (3) to generate a suspension point a, the distance between the suspension point a and the locating surface A is L2, the distance between the suspension point a and the axial lead of the measuring shaft (3) is L3, and the distance between the suspension point a and the rear end face of the locating guide pipe (4) is L4.
Preferably, the device further comprises a first locating pin (5) and a second locating pin (6), wherein the locating shaft (2) is located through the first locating pin (5), and the measuring shaft (3) is located through the second locating pin (6), so that the locating shaft (2) and the measuring shaft (3) are prevented from rotating and moving along the direction of the self axis.
The utility model provides a gauge of multiporous distance position degree, including examining utensil base (21), first guide cylinder (22), second guide cylinder (23), third guide cylinder (24), examine utensil base (21) and be the L shape that falls, examine the wall rear end of utensil base (1) and be the step face, first guide cylinder (22) set up on examining the wall lamina of utensil base (21), second guide cylinder (23) correspond measuring shaft (3), the wall lamina surface is examining utensil locating surface A for laminating with measuring shaft (3) locating surface A, first guide cylinder (22) are used for cup jointing and clearance fit with measuring shaft (3) tip, first guide cylinder (22) set up on examining utensil base (21) wall lamina, first guide cylinder (22) correspond locating shaft (2), first guide cylinder (22) are used for cup jointing and clearance fit with locating shaft (2), third guide cylinder (24) set up at examining utensil base (1) roof rear end, third guide cylinder (24) correspond measuring shaft (4), third guide cylinder (24) are in the dimensional accuracy, second guide cylinder (24) are in the diameter of measuring shaft (23), the position of hanging position (2), the high accuracy is generated in the guide cylinder (23), the position of the first guide cylinder (24), the position of hanging down (4) is in the guide cylinder (2);
the rear end of the top wall of the gauge base (1) is provided with an inclined plane facing the positioning guide pipe (4), the inclined plane is a measuring surface B of the gauge base (1), and the measuring surface B of the gauge base (1) is parallel to the measuring surface B of the positioning guide pipe (4).
Preferably, the distance between the suspension point a and the inclined plane at the rear end of the top wall of the gauge base (1) is A, and the A is more than 5mm larger than L4.
A processing method of a multi-hole distance position degree gauge,
respectively processing a gauge base (21), a first guide cylinder (22), a second guide cylinder (23) and a third guide cylinder (24), and assembling the gauge base, the first guide cylinder and the second guide cylinder into an assembling gauge;
inserting a measuring rod I into a hole of a third guide cylinder (24), tightly matching the measuring rod I with the hole of the third guide cylinder, then placing a measuring rod II tangential to an excircle generatrix of the measuring rod I and a measuring surface C, matching a cutting edge rule with a splice gauge to detect the distance dimension LB between the vertex of the generatrix of the measuring rod II and the bottom surface of a measuring tool base (1), then detecting the distance dimension LA between the measuring surface B and the measuring surface C by using a micrometer, matching a cutting edge rule with a splice gauge to detect the distance dimension LC between the axial lead of the second guide cylinder (23) and the bottom surface of the base (1), and finally calculating the distance dimension A between a suspension point a and the measuring surface B, wherein A is = [ LB-LC-L3-measuring rod II diameter/2/cos 45 degrees x sin (45-alpha) -measuring rod II diameter/2-measuring rod I diameter/2 x cos alpha-LA x sin alpha ]/sin alpha, and engraving the value A on the measuring tool;
respectively processing a gauge base (1), a positioning shaft (2), a measuring shaft (3) and a positioning guide pipe (4);
assembling the gauge and the gauge: firstly, assembling a positioning shaft (2) on a first guide cylinder (22), then assembling a measuring shaft (3) on a second guide cylinder (23), enabling a positioning surface A of the measuring shaft (3) to be attached to a positioning surface A of a checking fixture, then enabling a measuring rod to pass through an inner hole of a third guide cylinder (24) and a positioning guide tube (4) and form clearance fit, positioning between the checking fixture and a gauge, then placing a block gauge with the thickness E between a measuring surface B of a checking fixture base (1) and a measuring surface B of the positioning guide tube (4), theoretically enabling an E value to be equal to the A value minus L4, filling a thin sheet with the difference value of the thickness (A-L4) and E at an angle surface C of a workpiece base (1), grinding the measuring surface B of the positioning guide tube (4) or the positioning surface A of the positioning guide tube (3) by a workpiece, and finally polishing a positioning pin (5) and a positioning pin (6), and indirectly guaranteeing the hole pitch dimensions L1, L2, L3 and L4 of the gauge.
Preferably, the gauge base (1) is processed by the following steps: the side face of the gauge base (1) is a reference surface B, the bottom face of the gauge base (1) is a reference surface C, the gauge base (1) is processed by adopting a slow wire cutting mode, the reference surface B and the reference surface C are used as the slow wire cutting collision references, the mounting holes of the positioning shaft (2), the measuring shaft (3) and the positioning guide tube (4) are cut, and the consistency of the distances between the axes of the L1, the L2, the L3 and the L4 relative to the reference surface B is ensured to be controlled to be +/-0.003.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method can greatly reduce the processing difficulty of the multi-hole distance position degree gauge, improves the production efficiency by more than 5 times, ensures the consistency and stability of the quality of the measured piece, unifies the measuring means of the gauge with a quality detection department, and is suitable for manufacturing and detecting single-piece and small-batch multi-hole distance position degree gauges similar to the structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gauge of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the gauge of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the gauge and gauge during the processing of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a processing method of a multi-hole distance position gauge. The method is mainly aimed at a multi-hole distance position degree gauge as shown in fig. 1, a positioning shaft 2, a measuring shaft 3 and a positioning guide cylinder 4 are assembled on a base 1, the positioning shaft 2 is parallel to the measuring shaft 3, the positioning guide pipe 4 forms an angle alpha with the measuring shaft 3, the positioning shaft 2 and the measuring shaft 3 are perpendicular to a reference surface A of the base 1, the tolerance is controlled to be +/-2', and the positioning shaft 2 has directivity. When the base 1 is processed by adopting the slow wire cutting, a B, C datum plane is used as a slow wire cutting collision datum, cutting holes (phi 1-0.5) H8, (phi 3-0.5) H8 and (phi 4+3) H8 ensure the corresponding distance dimensions L2+/-0.01, L3+/-0.01 and L4+/-0.01 of the hole distance L1+/-0.01 and the angle intersection point a, the consistency of the distances between the axis lines of the three holes relative to the datum plane B is controlled to be +/-0.003, and a precise gauge assembly positioning shaft 2, a measuring shaft 3 and a positioning guide cylinder 4 shown in figure 2 are adopted to ensure the hole distance L1+/-0.01, the angle intersection point a dimensions L2+/-0.01 and L4+/-0.01 and the corresponding position degree relation. The method can greatly reduce the processing difficulty of the multi-hole distance position degree gauge, improves the production efficiency by more than 5 times, ensures the consistency and stability of the quality of the measured piece, unifies the measuring means with a quality detection department, and is suitable for manufacturing and detecting single-piece and small-batch multi-hole distance position degree gauges similar to the structure.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gauge, which consists of six parts including a base 1, a positioning shaft 2, a measuring shaft 3, a positioning guide cylinder 4, a positioning pin 5 and a positioning pin 6, wherein the positioning shaft 2, the measuring shaft 3, the positioning guide cylinder 4 and the base 1 are combined into a whole, then the direction of the positioning shaft 2 is fixed through the positioning pin 5 to prevent the positioning shaft 2 from rotating along an axial lead, the positioning pin 6 is used for fixing the measuring shaft 3 to prevent the positioning shaft 3 from moving along the axial lead, and meanwhile, the positioning shaft 2 and the measuring shaft 3 are ensured to be vertical to the base 1. The consistency of the distances between the positioning shaft 2, the measuring shaft 3 and the positioning guide cylinder 4 relative to the reference plane B is required to be controlled within 0.005mm, the center distance between the positioning shaft 2 and the measuring shaft 3 is L1+/-0.01, the positioning shaft 2 is a prismatic shaft, and the external circle generatrix is along the horizontal direction during assembly. The included angle between the positioning guide cylinder 4 and the measuring shaft 3 is alpha plus or minus 2', and the size of the intersection point of the angles is L2 plus or minus 0.01, L3 plus or minus 0.01 and L4 plus or minus 0.01. In the traditional processing method, the gauge base 1 adopts 45 steel, quenched and tempered (28-32) HRC, the positioning shaft 2 and the measuring shaft 3 adopt 10-grade steel, carburized depth is 1-1.2 mm, quenched (58-65) HRC, the positioning guide cylinder 4 adopts T10A steel, and quenched (58-65) HRC. The base 1 adopts the following process flow: blanking, milling hexagonal and alpha angle surfaces, boring a threading hole phi 2mm (note: as finished products, slow-moving wire cutting machining holes phi 1-0.5) H8, (phi 3-0.5) H8 and (phi 4+3) H8), checking semi-finished products, pincerlike, dehairing, deburring, heat treatment tempering (28-32) HRC, flat grinding the hexagonal and alpha angle surfaces, parallelism 0.01mm, standard surface B, C perpendicularity +/-2', finish Ra0.4um, slow-moving wire cutting holes phi 1-0.5) H8, (phi 3-0.5) H8 and (phi 4+3) H8, guaranteeing center distance L1 +/-0.01 and angle intersection point sizes L2 +/-0.01, L3 +/-0.01, L4 +/-0.01, grinding standard surfaces by a clamp, guaranteeing parallelism and perpendicularity, detecting angle alpha by a sine gauge, and checking the finished products by the pincerlike. The following process flow is adopted for the positioning shaft 2: blanking, turning, respectively enlarging the excircle of phi 10-0.005 and (phi 1-0.5) H8 by 0.5mm to leave grinding allowance, milling phi 1 prismatic shape to be qualified, pincer-forming, performing hair reversing and deburring, (phi 1-0.5) H8 drilling a positioning hole to be consistent with the positioning pin 5 in position, performing heat treatment to carburize the depth by 1-1.2 mm, quenching (58-65) HRC, carrying out excircle grinding, and carrying out grinding phi 10-0.005 and (phi 1-0.5) H8, wherein the finish degree Ra0.2um. The following process flow is adopted for the measuring shaft 3: blanking, turning, respectively enlarging the excircle of phi 20-0.005 and (phi 3-0.5) H8 by 0.5mm, reserving grinding allowance, pincerlike, backing and deburring, drilling a positioning hole by (phi 3-0.5) H8, aligning with the positioning pin 6, performing heat treatment carburization depth of 1-1.2 mm, quenching (58-65) HRC, performing excircle grinding, grinding phi 20-0.005 and (phi 3-0.5) H8, performing finish Ra0.2um, performing tool grinding, and grinding a positioning surface A and finish Ra0.4um. The following process flow is adopted for the positioning guide cylinder 4: blanking, turning, reducing a phi 4+0.0050 hole by 0.5mm, leaving a grinding allowance, enlarging an outer circle (phi 4+3) H8 by 0.5mm, leaving a grinding allowance, clamping, reversing wool, removing thorns, quenching (58-65) HRC by heat treatment, grinding the phi 4+0.0050 hole, carrying out finish Ra0.2um, carrying out external circle grinding, carrying out grinding (phi 4+3) H8, carrying out finish Ra0.2um, carrying out flat grinding, grinding a measuring surface B, and carrying out finish Ra0.2um. After the base 1, the positioning shaft 2, the measuring shaft 3 and the positioning guide cylinder 4 are processed singly and qualified, the positioning shaft 2 and the measuring shaft 3 are assembled firstly, the perpendicularity between the hole pitch L1+/-0.01 and the base 1 datum plane A and the consistency between the hole pitch L1+/-0.01 and the distance between the hole pitch L and the datum plane B are ensured, and meanwhile, the excircle generatrix of the positioning shaft 2 is ensured to be along the horizontal direction. Then, the actual distance LA between the lower end surface of the base 1 and the axis line of the measuring shaft 3 is measured by the bench worker splice, the actual distance LB between the reference surface A of the base 1 and the positioning surface A of the measuring shaft is measured, and the actual distance LC is measured by the measuring rod phi 5.00. Then, the technician calculates the theoretical distance LD between the angle surface C of the base 1 and the measuring surface B of the positioning guide cylinder 4 according to the actual distance values LA, LB and LC provided by the bench worker and in combination with the technical requirements in the workpiece figure 1. Next, the bench worker measures the actual value LD ', if LD' is provided by the technician, the measuring surface B of the positioning guide 4 is ground, if LD 'is provided, a thin sheet with a thickness (LD-LD') is padded at the base angle surface C, the distance dimensions l2±0.01, l3±0.01, l4±0.01 corresponding to the intersection point a are indirectly ensured, and the consistency of the distances from the center line of the positioning guide 4 to the positioning shaft 2 and the measuring shaft 3 to the base 1 reference surface B is ensured. Finally, the positioning pin 5 and the positioning pin 6 are assembled, so that the positioning shaft 2 is prevented from rotating along the center line and the measuring shaft 3 is prevented from moving along the center line. The gauge processed by the process has the following defects due to the influence of factors such as reference surface conversion accumulation errors, actual value measurement errors, clamping errors, orientation requirements of the positioning shaft 2 and the like:
1. when the positioning shaft 2 is assembled, the outer circle bus is firstly qualified in the height direction, and then the outer circle bus of the positioning shaft 2 is turned to the horizontal direction after the hole pitch dimension L1+/-0.01 is qualified, and the hole pitch dimension after transformation is generally about 0.003mm in and out.
2. In the actual measurement values LA, LB and LC, the reference surface is changed too much, and the cumulative error is generally about 0.01 mm.
3. During periodic checking, the hole distance L1+/-0.01 cannot be directly measured because the outer circle generatrix of the positioning shaft 2 is along the horizontal direction.
4. The qualification rate is low, the repair is serious, and the production efficiency is affected.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a precision fixture, which consists of four parts, namely a1 base, a 2 guide cylinder, a3 guide cylinder and a 4 guide cylinder, wherein an angle value of alpha degrees is consistent with an angle value of a gauge, the tolerance is controlled within +/-1', the precision of the precision fixture is two times higher than that of the gauge, and the hole size precision, the distance size corresponding to an angle intersection point a and the hole pitch size precision are two times higher than that of the gauge. The hole pitch L1 + -0.005 corresponds to the gauge L1 + -0.01, and the angle intersection point a sizes L2 + -0.005 and L3 + -0.005 correspond to the gauges L2 + -0.01 and L3 + -0.01, respectively. The hole (phi 1-0.003) +0.0030 corresponds to the gauge phi 10-0.005, the hole (phi 2-0.003) +0.0030 corresponds to the gauge phi 20-0.005, the hole phi 4+0.0030 corresponds to the gauge phi 4+0.0050, namely the size precision of the gauge is improved by nearly one time compared with the size precision corresponding to the gauge, the calculated value A is larger than the gauge size L4 by more than 5mm, the workpiece is easy to enter when the gauge is conveniently used for assembling the workpiece, the gauge size is easy to splice, and the manufacturing difficulty coefficient of the gauge is reduced. The gauge base 1 is made of high-speed steel materials, the hardness is more than or equal to 58HRC, the process adopts Beijing Aqi Xia Mier CA30 slow-travel wires to ensure the hole pitch and the corresponding position relation, and the finish degree Ra0.2um. The guide cylinder adopts a grinder to grind an inner hole (phi 1-0.003) +0.0030, (phi 2-0.003) +0.0030, phi 4+0.0030, the finish degree Ra0.2um, and the MGBA1420A grinds an outer circle of the guide cylinder, and the finish degree Ra0.2um. After the base and the guide cylinder are processed and qualified, the bench worker is used for assembling, the corresponding measured value is detected after assembling, then a technician calculates the value A according to the measured value, and finally the calculated value A is carved on the gauge so as to directly utilize data for gauge assembling when the gauge is reused, and the auxiliary time for the bench worker to detect the actual value, the conversion of the technician and the like is reduced. It is recommended that the A value is not written directly on the measuring surface or the reference surface, so that the manufacturing and detecting precision is not affected.
Note that: a measuring rod I is inserted into the hole of the third guide cylinder 24, and the outer diameter of the measuring rod I is (phi) 4 +0.002) -0 0 .002 The first measuring rod is tightly matched with the third guide cylinder hole, and then the measuring rod is placedThe second outer circle bus of the measuring rod I is tangent to the measuring surface C, a block gauge is matched with a knife edge to detect the distance LB between the top of the second bus of the measuring rod I and the bottom surface of the measuring tool base 1, then a micrometer is used to detect the distance LA between the measuring surface B and the measuring surface C, a block gauge is matched with a knife edge to detect the distance LC between the axis of the second guide cylinder 23 and the bottom surface of the base 1, finally the distance A between the suspension point a and the measuring surface B is calculated, and A= [ LB-LC-L3-measuring rod II/2/cos 45 DEG x sin (45 ° -alpha) -measuring rod II/2-measuring rod I/2 x cos alpha-LA x sin alpha]And the calculated value A is carved on the gauge, so that the gauge is convenient to directly use when being used again. In this example, the two bars are identical.
After the gauge base 1, the positioning shaft 2, the measuring shaft 3 and the positioning guide cylinder 4 are processed and qualified by the conventional method, according to an assembly schematic diagram of the gauge and the gauge shown in fig. 3, firstly, the positioning shaft 2 is assembled on the position of a gauge hole (phi 1-0.003) +0.0030, then the measuring shaft 3 is assembled on the position of the gauge hole (phi 2-0.003) +0.0030, the positioning surface A in the measuring shaft 3 is attached to the upper surface A of the gauge, and then a measuring rod with the outer diameter of (phi 4+0.003) 0-0.003 is used for penetrating through the position of the clamp guide cylinder hole phi 4+0.0030 and the position of the gauge positioning guide cylinder hole phi 4+0.0050, and the clamp and the gauge positioning guide cylinder are fixed. Then the thickness E+/-0.003 of the splicing gauge is placed between the B surface of the positioning guide cylinder and the B surface of the gauge, the value E is theoretically equal to the calculated value A of the gauge minus the upper dimension L4 of the gauge, if E > is (A-L4), a thin sheet with the thickness ((A-L4) -E) is padded at the angle surface C of the workpiece base 1, and if E > is (A-L4), the measuring surface B of the workpiece positioning guide cylinder 4 is ground or the positioning surface A of the workpiece is ground by the grinding workpiece measuring shaft 3. Finally, the locating pins 5 and 6 are arranged, so that the locating shaft 2 is prevented from rotating along the axial lead and the measuring shaft 3 is prevented from moving along the axial lead, and the gauge hole pitch dimension L1+/-0.01 and the relevant dimension L2+/-0.01, L3+/-0.01 and L4+/-0.01 of the intersection point of the angle a can be indirectly ensured.
The porous distance position gauge processing notes are as follows: (1) the positioning shaft 2 has directivity, the outer circle generatrix must be along the horizontal direction, and the positioning pin 5 must be beaten after the finished product assembly is qualified, so that the rotation along the axial lead direction is prevented when the positioning shaft is used. Meanwhile, after the finished product is assembled to be qualified, the measuring shaft 3 is required to be provided with a positioning pin 6, so that the measuring shaft is prevented from moving along the axial lead direction during use. (2) The phi 3 in the measuring shaft 3 must be more than phi 20-0.005 but not more than phi 10-0.005, so that interference is avoided, the contact area between the gauge and the surface A of the precision clamp is increased, and false images are avoided when the precision clamp is used for assembly. (3) The holes (phi 1-0.5) H8, (phi 3-0.5) H8 of the positioning shaft 2 and the measuring shaft 3 matched with the base 1 are required to be smaller than the adjacent shafts by more than 0.5mm, so that the related shafts are prevented from sinking into the holes when in use, and the hole pitch and the intersection point size are prevented from being influenced. The hole matched with the positioning guide cylinder 4 and the base is more than 3mm larger than phi 4 plus 0.0050, the thickness of the guide cylinder arm is more than 1.5mm, and the deformation of the positioning guide cylinder during use is avoided. (4) The calculated value A in the precision fixture is larger than the gauge size L4 by more than 5mm, so that the workpiece is easy to enter when the gauge is adopted to assemble the workpiece, the gauge size is easy to splice, and the manufacturing difficulty coefficient of the gauge is reduced. (5) The precision gauge for assembling or detecting the multi-hole distance position gauge is in principle one level higher in precision level than the gauge.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments are only intended to illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail by means of the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A multi-aperture position gauge, characterized by: the gauge comprises a gauge base (1), a positioning shaft (2), a measuring shaft (3) and a positioning guide pipe (4), wherein the positioning guide pipe (4), the positioning shaft (2) and the measuring shaft (3) are sequentially fixed on the base (1) from top to bottom, the axial lines of the positioning shaft (2), the measuring shaft (3) and the positioning guide pipe (4) are positioned on the same vertical plane, the positioning shaft (2) is parallel to the measuring shaft (3), the front end surface of the base (1) is a reference surface A, the positioning shaft (2) and the measuring shaft (3) are perpendicular to the reference surface A of the base (1), the positioning guide pipe (4) and the measuring shaft (3) form an angle alpha, the angle alpha is an acute angle, the rear end surface of the positioning guide pipe (4) is a measuring surface B, the measuring surface B is perpendicular to the axis of the positioning guide pipe (4), the rear upper end of the base (1) is provided with an angle surface C, the angle surface C is parallel to the measuring surface B, and the measuring surface B protrudes the angle surface C;
the measuring shaft (3) is a step shaft, the step surface of the measuring shaft (3) is a locating surface A, the central distance between the locating shaft (2) and the measuring shaft (3) is L1, the locating shaft (2) is a prismatic shaft, the prismatic long diagonal is arranged along the horizontal direction, an axial lead extension line of the locating guide pipe (4) is arranged above the measuring shaft (3) to generate a suspension point a, the distance between the suspension point a and the locating surface A is L2, the distance between the suspension point a and the axial lead of the measuring shaft (3) is L3, and the distance between the suspension point a and the rear end face of the locating guide pipe (4) is L4.
2. A multi-aperture position gauge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the measuring device further comprises a first positioning pin (5) and a second positioning pin (6), wherein the positioning shaft (2) is positioned through the first positioning pin (5), and the measuring shaft (3) is positioned through the second positioning pin (6), so that the positioning shaft (2) and the measuring shaft (3) are prevented from rotating and moving along the direction of the axis of the measuring shaft.
3. A gauge for a multi-aperture position gauge as defined in claim 1, wherein: the measuring tool comprises a measuring tool base (21), a first guide cylinder (22), a second guide cylinder (23) and a third guide cylinder (24), wherein the measuring tool base (21) is in an inverted L shape, the rear end of a vertical wall of the measuring tool base (1) is a step surface, the first guide cylinder (22) is arranged on a vertical wall thin layer of the measuring tool base (21), the second guide cylinder (23) corresponds to a measuring shaft (3), the surface of the vertical wall thin layer is a measuring tool positioning surface A and is used for being attached to the positioning surface A of the measuring shaft (3), the first guide cylinder (22) is used for being sleeved and in clearance fit with the small end of the measuring shaft (3), the first guide cylinder (22) is arranged on a vertical wall thick layer of the measuring tool base (21), the first guide cylinder (22) corresponds to a positioning shaft (2), the first guide cylinder (22) is used for being sleeved and in clearance fit with the positioning shaft (2), the third guide cylinder (24) is arranged on the rear end of a top wall of the measuring tool base (1), the third guide cylinder (24) corresponds to the positioning catheter (4), and the third guide cylinder (24) is positioned on the axis of the measuring tool base (1), the second guide cylinder (23) and the first guide cylinder (23) and the second guide cylinder (23) are positioned on the axis, and the second guide cylinder (23) are positioned at the position, and the position of the first guide cylinder (2) is higher in the dimensional precision and the position of the second guide cylinder (3) is higher than the position;
the rear end of the top wall of the gauge base (1) is provided with an inclined plane facing the positioning guide pipe (4), the inclined plane is a measuring surface B of the gauge base (1), and the measuring surface B of the gauge base (1) is parallel to the measuring surface B of the positioning guide pipe (4).
4. A gauge for multiple hole gauge position according to claim 3, wherein: the distance between the suspension point a and the inclined plane at the rear end of the top wall of the gauge base (1) is A, and the A is more than 5mm greater than L4.
5. A method of manufacturing a multi-aperture position gauge according to claim 1, wherein:
respectively processing a gauge base (21), a first guide cylinder (22), a second guide cylinder (23) and a third guide cylinder (24), and assembling the gauge base, the first guide cylinder and the second guide cylinder into an assembling gauge;
inserting a measuring rod I into a hole of a third guide cylinder (24), tightly matching the measuring rod I with the hole of the third guide cylinder, then placing a measuring rod II tangential to an excircle generatrix of the measuring rod I and a measuring surface C, matching a cutting edge rule with a splice gauge to detect the distance dimension LB between the vertex of the generatrix of the measuring rod II and the bottom surface of a measuring tool base (1), then detecting the distance dimension LA between the measuring surface B and the measuring surface C by using a micrometer, matching a cutting edge rule with a splice gauge to detect the distance dimension LC between the axial lead of the second guide cylinder (23) and the bottom surface of the base (1), and finally calculating the distance dimension A between a suspension point a and the measuring surface B, wherein A is = [ LB-LC-L3-measuring rod II diameter/2/cos 45 degrees x sin (45-alpha) -measuring rod II diameter/2-measuring rod I diameter/2 x cos alpha-LA x sin alpha ]/sin alpha, and engraving the value A on the measuring tool;
respectively processing a gauge base (1), a positioning shaft (2), a measuring shaft (3) and a positioning guide pipe (4);
assembling the gauge and the gauge: firstly, assembling a positioning shaft (2) on a first guide cylinder (22), then assembling a measuring shaft (3) on a second guide cylinder (23), enabling a positioning surface A of the measuring shaft (3) to be attached to a positioning surface A of a checking fixture, then enabling a measuring rod to pass through an inner hole of a third guide cylinder (24) and a positioning guide tube (4) and form clearance fit, positioning between the checking fixture and a gauge, then placing a block gauge with the thickness E between a measuring surface B of a checking fixture base (1) and a measuring surface B of the positioning guide tube (4), theoretically enabling an E value to be equal to the A value minus L4, filling a thin sheet with the difference value of the thickness (A-L4) and E at an angle surface C of a workpiece base (1), grinding the measuring surface B of the positioning guide tube (4) or the positioning surface A of the positioning guide tube (3) by a workpiece, and finally polishing a positioning pin (5) and a positioning pin (6), and indirectly guaranteeing the hole pitch dimensions L1, L2, L3 and L4 of the gauge.
6. A method of manufacturing a multi-aperture position gauge according to claim 5, characterized in that the gauge base (1) is manufactured by: the side face of the gauge base (1) is a reference surface B, the bottom face of the gauge base (1) is a reference surface C, the gauge base (1) is processed by adopting a slow wire cutting mode, the reference surface B and the reference surface C are used as the slow wire cutting collision references, the mounting holes of the positioning shaft (2), the measuring shaft (3) and the positioning guide tube (4) are cut, and the consistency of the distances between the axes of the L1, the L2, the L3 and the L4 relative to the reference surface B is ensured to be controlled to be +/-0.003.
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| CN202311034138.9A CN117073490A (en) | 2023-08-16 | 2023-08-16 | Multi-hole distance position degree gauge, gauge and processing method |
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| CN202311034138.9A CN117073490A (en) | 2023-08-16 | 2023-08-16 | Multi-hole distance position degree gauge, gauge and processing method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN119223183A (en) * | 2024-09-02 | 2024-12-31 | 昌河飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | A device and method for measuring the center distance between two holes of a helicopter transmission shaft |
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- 2023-08-16 CN CN202311034138.9A patent/CN117073490A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN119223183A (en) * | 2024-09-02 | 2024-12-31 | 昌河飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | A device and method for measuring the center distance between two holes of a helicopter transmission shaft |
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