Half-tool half-die character pressing device for lower side door of railway wagon
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of railway vehicle manufacturing equipment design, in particular to the technical field of railway vehicle manufacturing die design, and particularly relates to a character pressing forming device combining a railway wagon lower side door tool and a die.
Background
In the manufacture of the railway wagon, the material of the lower side door of the wagon, the manufacturer and the year and month mark of the manufacture adopt a mould pressing mode; the marking insert is assembled with the profiling die and is finished on special equipment such as a 4000T oil press, and the lower side door mark and the lower side door are synchronously molded during the die pressing; the production serial number mark adopts a carving mode of a carving machine and is finished on special carving equipment.
When the lower side door is molded by a 4000T oil press, the depth tolerance of the peripheral groove is required to be less than or equal to 2mm, and the flatness of the periphery is required to be less than or equal to 3mm; in a designated area on one side in the length direction, embossing and lettering are needed; the handwriting recognition comprises two rows: the manufacturer/lower side door material marks are in a first row, and the manufacturer/production year and month/product production serial number marks are in a second row; handwriting identification process requirements: the depth of handwriting is 0.4-0.6 mm, and the first manufacturer/material mark is required to be close to the outer side of the lower side door; the second manufacturer/month of manufacture/product serial number is near the center side of the lower side door, and all the handwriting needs to be arranged from left to right.
When the existing matrix inserts, matrix insert mounting seats and upper die base mounting grooves of the pressing die are designed, the symmetrical layout structure is adopted, the assembly is convenient, but error-proof measures or devices are lacked, and when matrix components are assembled with the lower side door pressing die, the matrix base rotates 180 degrees in direction, so that the quality risk is extremely high.
When the lower side door and the hinge assembly are welded in the subsequent process, particularly in the early production transfer period of the old product, the welding assembly direction is inconsistent with the lower side door handwriting mark, and batch quality accidents of mutual rotation of 180 degrees occur.
Therefore, a set of half tooling half mould character pressing device of the lower side door is required to be designed and manufactured, and the problem that characters can be pressed again after the lower side door and the foldout are assembled and welded is solved; the problem that handwriting identification is fuzzy and needs to be pressed again is solved; solves a series of problems that the handwriting marks are reversely wrong due to the lack of error-proof devices and the like in compression molding and the handwriting marks need to be re-engraved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a half-tool character pressing device for a lower side door half-tool of a railway wagon according to the defects of the prior art. The invention aims to provide a wagon lower side door character pressing device which is suitable for various oil press equipment conditions, can be used for carrying out mould pressing identification after the lower side door is subjected to mould pressing forming and after the lower side door is assembled with a hinge.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
half frock half mould of railway freight car downside door presses word device, downside door adopt large-tonnage press compression molding, its characterized in that: the molding device comprises a half-mold upper die seat assembly and a half-tool lower die seat assembly which are assembled on a press;
the half tooling lower die base consists of a lower die base plate and a matrix cushion block; the bottom plate of the lower die holder consists of a bottom plate, vertical angle steel welded and fixed on two sides of the bottom plate and horizontal angle steel welded and fixed on the horizontal edge of the front end of the bottom plate; the angle steel flange along the length direction of the horizontal side angle steel is reserved with a hinge installation notch for assembling the fixed hinge; a matrix cushion block is arranged at the marking position of the side door below the bottom plate and consists of a matrix cushion block and a matrix cushion block positioning block, the periphery of the matrix cushion block positioning block is welded with the bottom plate in a positioning way, and the matrix cushion block is detachably positioned in the matrix cushion block positioning block and is fixed;
the upper die base of the half die is formed by adopting a riveting structure, and the riveting structure comprises: the die comprises a die upper die plate, a die connecting seat, a die fixing plate, a die fixing base plate, die special polyurethane rubber and a die insert; the upper end of the upper template of the matrix is fixedly connected with the press through bolts, and the lower end is in transitional connection with the matrix connecting seat; the character die connecting seat is provided with a character die insert forming fixed groove, and the character die insert forming limit is fixed in the fixed groove through a character die fixing plate.
The character die insert consists of a plurality of character die nails which are combined according to the same assembly direction and fixed in the fixed groove, each character die nail consists of a character die base and a character die column with identification lettering on the end face, and the center of the character die nail is axially positioned at one side of the central axis of the character die base to form a character die nail central axis asymmetric structure; the matrix insert is assembled in the fixed limit groove of the asymmetric structure of the matrix fixing plate and is connected and fixed on the matrix connecting seat through the asymmetric bolt holes on the matrix fixing plate and the matrix connecting seat.
And the matrix fixing base plate is positioned at the bottom of the fixing groove to form a bottom support consisting of matrix inserts.
The special polyurethane rubber for the die is connected and fixed on the die connecting seat through the bolt holes and is used for pressing the lower side door in the process of pressing the die and unloading and buffering the die.
The matrix insert comprises a manufacturer/material matrix head and individual matrix nail combinations of manufacturer/production year and month, the matrix is asymmetrically distributed in the width direction, and all matrices are reversely engraved on the matrix nail surface and heat treated.
Further, the groove at the joint of the matrix connecting plate and the matrix insert adopts an asymmetric structure matched with the matrix insert in the width direction; the composition direction of the matrix insert is matched and fixed with the width opening direction of the matrix connecting plate groove.
The edge distance of the hole in the length direction of the character die connecting seat fixing groove adopts an asymmetric structure, and the mounting hole at the bottom end of the character die connecting seat, which is connected with the character die connecting plate, adopts an asymmetric structure consistent with the mounting hole of the character die connecting plate in the length direction; the length and width of the matrix connecting plate are consistent with those of the bottom end of the matrix connecting seat.
The forming device of the lower side door of the railway wagon adopts the combined design thought and method of the half tool half die device, combines the performances of various stamping equipment, designs and manufactures a half tool and half die device, solves the problem of repairing parts which cannot be accurately solved by a single die or a single tool, and is suitable for the compression molding of most of product parts after assembly welding; avoiding unnecessary scrapping when the quality problem of batch products occurs under the influence of subjective and objective factors and needing to adopt a repairing mode.
Before the lower side door is assembled and welded with the foldout, the defects of unclear mark, incorrect mark font direction and the like of the traceable mark can be found, the mark is molded again at the symmetrical position of the other side of the lower side door after the original mark is welded and flattened by adopting the device.
The lower side door is assembled and welded with the foldout, and the traceable mark is damaged or is not positioned at the technological requirement position due to the incorrect assembly direction of the foldout, under the condition that the original foldout is cut off by unnecessary air cutting and is welded with a new foldout again, the original mark is welded at the symmetrical position of the other side of the lower side door by spot welding and grinding, and the mark is molded again on the device.
The lower side door of the railway wagon is integrally molded by adopting a large-scale oil press, and the molding of the lower side door plate and the molding of the identification character pressing are completed by one-step molding. The existing compression molding processing technology of the lower side door cannot solve the problem on the original compression mold due to the structural influence of the compression mold, the character pressing after the lower side door is molded and the assembly and welding of the folding are wrong, and the character pressing is repeated under the condition that the mark has defects or the mark is reverse wrong during the compression molding of the lower side door.
The stamping forming device of the half tool and half die of the lower side door of the railway wagon is independent of the original stamping die, is suitable for various general oil press equipment such as 100T/315T/250T/200T/630T and the like, solves the problem of re-stamping characters after the welding and grinding of the marks, can re-stamp characters after the assembly and welding of the lower side door and the foldout, and can also solve the problem of re-stamping marks after the forming of the lower side door.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a lower side door and molding apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a lower side door;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of an upper die holder;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic longitudinal section of FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a matrix insert combination;
FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view of a matrix insert;
FIG. 11 is a schematic end view of a matrix insert;
fig. 12 is a schematic plan view of a matrix fixing slot.
In the figure, 1 is a half-die upper die holder assembly, 2 is a half-tool lower die holder assembly, and 3 is a lower side door; the die comprises a die upper die plate 11, a die connecting seat 12, a die fixing plate base plate 13, a die insert block 14, a polyurethane rubber 15, a die fixing plate 16, a one-position lower die holder 2a, a two-position lower die holder 2b, a die cushion block 21, a die cushion block 22, a lower die holder and a die insert block 23, a bottom plate 31, vertical angle steel 32, horizontal angle steel 33, a folding installation notch 34, a die holder 141 and a die column 142; a is the long side of the character die seat, b is the short side of the character die seat, c is the short hole pitch of the hole of the character die fixing plate, and d is the long hole pitch of the hole of the character die fixing plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments, which are intended to be illustrative of the principles of the present invention and not in any way limiting, nor will the same or similar techniques be used in connection with the present invention beyond the scope of the present invention.
In combination with the accompanying drawings.
The invention discloses a half-tool and half-die character pressing device for a lower side door of a railway wagon, which comprises a half-die upper die holder assembly 1 and a half-tool lower die holder assembly 2 which are assembled on an oil press.
Half frock die holder constitution 2: the lower die holder component 2 of the half tool adopts a welding structure; the die consists of a lower die base plate and a matrix cushion block;
the bottom plate of the lower die holder consists of a bottom plate 31, vertical angle steel 32 welded and fixed on two sides of the bottom plate 31 and horizontal angle steel 33 welded and fixed on the front horizontal edge of the bottom plate 31; the angle steel flange of the front end of the bottom plate 31 in the length direction of the horizontal side angle steel 33 is reserved with a position hinge installation notch 34 for fixing the hinge, so that the lower side door 3 can conveniently assemble and weld the press word before and after the hinge, and feed and discharge;
the matrix cushion block is arranged at the same position of the bottom plate 31 and the lower side door mark and consists of a matrix cushion block 22 and a matrix cushion block positioning block 21, the periphery of the matrix cushion block positioning block 21 is positioned and welded with the bottom plate 31, the matrix cushion block 22 and the matrix cushion block positioning block 21 are not assembled and welded, a double-sided gap is reserved at the periphery, and the matrix cushion block 22 is taken out to machine and mill the surface according to actual abrasion conditions.
Half mould upper die base constitutes: all adopt machine to add riveting structure to half mould upper die base constitution includes: the matrix upper template 11, the matrix connecting seat 12, the matrix fixing plate 16, the matrix fixing plate backing plate 13, the polyurethane rubber 15 special for the mould and the matrix insert component 14;
the upper end of the upper die plate 11 of the matrix is fixedly connected with the oil press through bolts, and the lower end of the upper die plate is in transitional connection with the matrix insert block to form a 14; the bottom of the matrix connecting seat 12 is provided with a bolt hole connected with the matrix insert assembly 14; the character die insert block 14 is composed of a manufacturer/material character head and a manufacturer/production year and month two asymmetric direction limiting structure character head, both character heads are made of special materials, are assembled in a fixed limiting groove of an asymmetric structure of a character die fixing plate 16, and are connected to the character die connecting seat 12 through asymmetric bolt holes on the character die fixing plate 16 and the character die connecting seat 12; the special polyurethane rubber 15 for the mould is connected with the matrix connecting seat 12 through bolt holes, and has the main effects of compacting the lower side door in the process of pressing characters, unloading force, buffering, indentation reduction and the like.
The manufacturer/material character head and manufacturer/production year and month character head of the upper die base character die insert assembly 14 are made of special materials, the character head adopts asymmetric layout in the width direction, and all the identification character heads are reversely and integrally engraved on the surface of the character head and subjected to heat treatment; the manufacturer/material character head and manufacturer/production year and month character head of the upper die base character die insert assembly 14 are made of special materials, the character heads are in asymmetric layout in the width direction, each character length in all marks is 7mm, the width is 10mm, the thickness of the characters is in an isosceles trapezoid shape, the width of the upper bottom is 1mm, the width of the lower bottom is 1.4mm, and the height is 1mm; and integrally and reversely carving on the surface of the character head and performing heat treatment.
The grooves at the joints of the matrix fixing plate 16 and the two types of heads are also designed and manufactured by adopting an asymmetric structure in the width direction; the risk of the assembly error of any one of the header and the matrix fixing plate 16 is avoided, and the header identification direction and the width opening direction of the groove of the matrix fixing plate 16 are unique. Any possible risk of assembly errors is zero.
The matrix connecting seat 12 is connected with a matrix fixing plate 16; the edge distance of the holes of the matrix fixing plate 16 in the length direction is designed and manufactured by adopting an asymmetric structure, and the mounting holes of the bottom end of the matrix connecting seat 12 connected with the matrix fixing plate 16 in the length direction are designed and manufactured by adopting an asymmetric structure consistent with the mounting holes of the matrix fixing plate; the risk of assembly errors of the matrix fixing plate 16 and the matrix connecting seat 12 at any point can be avoided, the length and the width of the matrix fixing plate 16 are consistent with those of the bottom end of the matrix connecting seat 12, and the directions of the matrix fixing plate 16 and the matrix connecting seat are unique.
The forming device of the lower side door of the railway wagon comprises a half tool lower die holder assembly and a half die upper die holder assembly.
The half tooling lower die holder forms a matrix-containing cushion block 22, and a welding structure is adopted; the L90x90x10 hot rolled angle steel (Q235A) and t10 (Q235A) bottom plate 31 are used, a position notch 34 for fixing the foldout is reserved on the angle steel flange in the length direction of the angle steel, so that word pressing, feeding and discharging before and after assembling and welding of the lower side door are convenient; designing a matrix cushion block 22 at the same position of the bottom plate 31 and the lower side door mark, wherein the cushion block is made of 6CrMnNiMoVSi, and carrying out heat treatment on HRC58-63; the periphery of the matrix cushion block positioning block 21 is positioned and welded with the bottom plate 31, the matrix cushion block 22 and the matrix cushion block positioning block 21 are not assembled and welded, the clearance between the two sides of the periphery is 0.5mm, and the matrix cushion block machine 22 is taken out to mill the surface according to the actual abrasion condition.
The upper die base of the half die forms a device containing the insert of the character die, and all the devices adopt a structure of machining parts and riveting. Comprising the following steps: a word die upper template 11, a material 45 and heat treatment HRC42-45; the matrix connecting seat 12, the material 45 and the heat treatment HRC42-45; a matrix fixing plate backing plate 13, a material 45 and heat treatment HRC42-45; a matrix fixing plate 16, a material 45 and heat treatment HRC42-45; the matrix insert is formed into a 14, 6CrMnNiMoVSi material, and heat treatment is carried out on HRC58-63; a force-unloading plate made of polyurethane rubber 15 by copolymerization.
The upper die base of the half die is provided with an error-proof character die insert, and the character die insert is formed by riveting and fastening three parts of character heads of factories/materials and character heads of factories/year and month and character head fixing plates.
The upper die base of the half die adopts asymmetric material headers and year-month headers, which are different from the original material headers and year-month headers by adopting symmetric structures, and the headers in the half die structure adopt asymmetric structure headers in consideration of error prevention.
The upper die holder of the half die forms an asymmetric bidirectional error-proof character head fixing plate, which is different from the original character head fixing plate and character head which are both of symmetrical structures, and hidden danger of direction error occurs during assembly, and the character die fixing plate 16 in the half die structure adopts a bidirectional error-proof structure (a & gtb; d & gtc). When the manufacturer/material character head and the manufacturer/year, month, year, month character head are assembled with the character die fixing plate 16, the character die fixing plate 16 is assembled with the character die connecting seat 12, the uniqueness exists in the assembly direction, and the assembly error risk is zero;
the upper die base of the half die adopts an error-proof matrix connecting seat 12, the pitch of the connecting surface of the matrix connecting seat 12 and a matrix insert 14 is an asymmetric pitch, and the pitch of the hole edge e is more than f and d is more than c; hole center distance a+b=b+a; the risk of misorientation between the matrix insert package 14 and the matrix attachment base 12 is zero, unlike the symmetrical structural hole spacing.
The half-tool half-die character pressing device also comprises auxiliary devices such as a lower side door feeding and discharging tool and a universal working platform matched with 315T/630T and the like of an oil press. The half-tooling half-die character pressing device has all functions of a set of tooling and a set of die, is also suitable for various general oil press equipment such as 100T/315T/250T/200T, solves the problem of character re-pressing after the label is welded and ground, can solve the problem that a lower side door and a hinge can be used for character re-pressing after assembly welding, and can also solve the problem of direct mold pressing of the label before or after welding of the lower side door.