CN116949293B - A flue gas treatment system and device and method thereof - Google Patents
A flue gas treatment system and device and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116949293B CN116949293B CN202310978785.9A CN202310978785A CN116949293B CN 116949293 B CN116949293 B CN 116949293B CN 202310978785 A CN202310978785 A CN 202310978785A CN 116949293 B CN116949293 B CN 116949293B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/04—Obtaining zinc by distilling
- C22B19/16—Distilling vessels
- C22B19/18—Condensers, Receiving vessels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/30—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide from metallic residues or scraps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
一种烟气处理系统及其设备和方法，所属环保技术领域，包括锌液收集器、锌液回收器、冷凝器Ⅰ、气泵Ⅰ、冷凝器Ⅱ、气泵Ⅱ、扰流喷射器、除尘器、气泵Ⅲ和烟囱等。本发明设计锌液收集器、锌液回收器、冷凝器Ⅰ、气泵Ⅰ和扰流喷射器成一烟气回路闭环，进行锌回收；冷凝器Ⅱ、气泵Ⅱ和扰流喷射器成一烟气回路闭环，进行炉内降温，净化烟气；其中，扰流喷射器为烟气降温，设计了特殊结构的锌液收集器，并设置在冶炼炉内进行锌液收集，提高回收量达90%以上，配合冷凝器进一步收集固化物质，能够有效净化排烟烟气，为后续除尘器降低处理负荷，具有突出的烟气净化效果，达到更高的排放标准，具有良好的实用性。
A flue gas treatment system and its equipment and method, belonging to the field of environmental protection technology, includes a zinc liquid collector, a zinc liquid recovery device, a condenser I, an air pump I, a condenser II, an air pump II, a turbulent jet, a dust collector, an air pump III and a chimney, etc. The present invention designs the zinc liquid collector, the zinc liquid recovery device, the condenser I, the air pump I and the turbulent jet to form a flue gas circuit closed loop for zinc recovery; the condenser II, the air pump II and the turbulent jet form a flue gas circuit closed loop for furnace cooling and flue gas purification; wherein, the turbulent jet is designed for flue gas cooling, a zinc liquid collector with a special structure is designed, and is arranged in a smelting furnace for zinc liquid collection, increasing the recovery amount by more than 90%, and cooperates with the condenser to further collect solidified substances, which can effectively purify the exhaust flue gas, reduce the processing load for the subsequent dust collector, have an outstanding flue gas purification effect, reach a higher emission standard, and have good practicality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a flue gas treatment system, equipment and a method thereof.
Background
In the smelting (steelmaking and ironmaking) process of a blast furnace or a shaft furnace, a large amount of flue gas is inevitably generated, the harmless treatment of the flue gas is always a technical problem to be overcome in the smelting field, in addition, the flue gas also contains metal vapor, such as zinc vapor, which is repeatedly enriched in the smelting furnace to cause poor air permeability and influence the production efficiency, even the furnace is required to be shut down periodically for removing zinc, and in addition, a part of zinc is discharged along with the flue gas, and the subsequent flue gas treatment equipment is required to carry out purification treatment, so that the emission standard can be reached.
Specifically, zinc oxide or metallic zinc is contained in raw materials during smelting, the zinc oxide is reduced into the metallic zinc by reducing gas in the high-temperature smelting process, the reduced metallic zinc and the metallic zinc contained in the raw materials are gasified at high temperature to form zinc vapor, the zinc vapor is doped in flue gas and rises in a furnace along with the rise of the flue gas, the precooling temperature is continuously reduced along with the rise of the flue gas, the zinc vapor is condensed into liquid zinc or solid zinc, and then the liquid zinc or the solid zinc is repeatedly gasified and rises when the liquid zinc or the solid zinc falls to a high-temperature area at the bottom. Therefore, only a small part of zinc vapor is discharged along with the flue gas, and most of zinc vapor is repeatedly gasified and liquefied in the furnace, and because the raw materials are continuously added, the zinc vapor enriched in the furnace is more and more, so that the air permeability of the furnace burden is deteriorated, the product quality and the smelting efficiency are affected, the normal operation of the smelting furnace is even affected, the regular production and maintenance are needed, the zinc dust is removed, and the economic benefit is reduced. However, in the smelting process, the problem that zinc vapor is enriched in the furnace is not solved, so that raw materials with high zinc content cannot be used, the selection of production raw materials is greatly limited, the raw material cost is high, and the scrap steel cannot be reused in smelting.
In this regard, CN111349793a discloses a zinc recovery method and apparatus for a blast furnace or shaft furnace, in which an air outlet hole and an air return hole are formed in a furnace wall, flue gas outflow and return flow are performed by using a height pressure difference between the air outlet hole and the air return hole, and a condenser is provided between the outflow and the return flow to recover zinc. The method can recover part of enriched zinc vapor, but only the flue gas near the furnace wall can flow out through the air outlet and enter the condenser, and the flue gas flow in the middle of the furnace can directly lift up with zinc vapor and can not enter the air outlet of the furnace wall, so the technology can only partially recover zinc vapor, the recovery amount is limited, the effect of improving the furnace condition is limited, the zinc content in the flue gas suddenly increases for the waste steel raw materials with high zinc content, the timely and efficient zinc removal effect still cannot be achieved, and in addition, the zinc vapor content in the flue gas discharged from the furnace is also improved for the waste steel raw materials with high zinc content during smelting, and the flue gas treatment has great difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that zinc vapor enrichment is difficult to eradicate in the existing smelting blast furnace or shaft furnace, aiming at the scrap steel raw materials with high zinc content, when the zinc content in the flue gas suddenly increases, the problem of timely and efficiently eliminating the zinc enrichment cannot be achieved, and the zinc content in the discharged flue gas is also improved, so that the problem is also to be solved. The invention provides a flue gas treatment system, equipment and a method thereof, wherein a special flue gas treatment system, a zinc liquid collector, a turbulent flow ejector and the like are designed to recover zinc in flue gas in a furnace, the recovery amount is improved by more than 90%, the flue gas discharged by flue gas is effectively purified, the treatment load is reduced for subsequent dust removal, and the flue gas purification effect is outstanding. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
A flue gas treatment system comprises a zinc liquid collector 1 and a condenser II5, wherein the zinc liquid collector 1 is arranged in a smelting furnace, the zinc liquid collector 1 is sequentially connected with a zinc liquid recoverer 2, a condenser I3 and an air pump I4 through pipelines, the air inlet end of the condenser II5 is connected with a smoke outlet of the smelting furnace through a pipeline, the air outlet end pipeline of the condenser II5 is divided into two branches, one branch is connected with an air pump II6, the other branch is connected with a dust remover 8, the air outlet pipelines of the air pump I4 and the air pump II6 are collected in a main pipe, the main pipe is connected with a turbulent flow ejector 7, and the turbulent flow ejector 7 is arranged on the smelting furnace.
In the above technical scheme, the air outlet end of the dust remover 8 is sequentially connected with the air pump III9 and the chimney 10 through the pipeline.
In the technical scheme, the zinc liquid collector 1 is arranged at the upper part in the smelting furnace body and is positioned at the region of 910 ℃ plus or minus 30 ℃ of the furnace core temperature.
In the technical scheme, the turbulence ejector 7 is positioned above the zinc liquid collector 1 and is positioned in the area of 700-850 ℃ of the furnace core temperature.
In the above technical scheme, the smoke outlet of the smelting furnace is positioned at the top of the smelting furnace and above the turbulent jet 7.
In the technical scheme, the zinc liquid collector 1 is positioned above the feed inlet of the smelting furnace.
According to the technical scheme, the temperature in the zinc liquid recoverer 2 is kept at 430-850 ℃, and a low-temperature recovery cylinder is connected to an outlet at the bottom of the zinc liquid recoverer 2.
According to the technical scheme, the condensation temperature of the condenser I3 is below 100 ℃, a discharge groove 3.1 with two open ends is arranged at the bottom of the condenser I3, the two open ends of the discharge groove 3.1 are sealed by a blocking plug 3.11, a receiving groove is arranged in the discharge groove 3.1, and the structure and the condensation temperature of the condenser II5 are the same as those of the condenser I3.
In the technical scheme, the electric valve and the flowmeter are arranged on the pipeline.
A zinc liquid collector is used for the flue gas treatment system, wherein the zinc liquid collector 1 comprises an upper annular groove 1.1 and a lower annular groove 1.2, the upper annular groove 1.1 is located above the lower annular groove 1.2, the upper annular groove 1.1 and the lower annular groove 1.2 are connected through connecting pieces 1.4, the upper annular groove 1.1 is formed by a plurality of concentric annular grooves, the plurality of concentric annular grooves are communicated through an upper runner groove 1.11, a discharging port of the upper runner groove 1.11 is connected with a furnace wall outlet pipeline, the lower annular groove 1.2 is formed by a plurality of concentric annular grooves, the plurality of concentric annular grooves are communicated through a lower runner groove 1.21, a discharging port of the lower runner groove 1.21 is connected with the furnace wall outlet pipeline, the concentric annular grooves of the upper annular groove 1.1 and the lower annular groove 1.2 are arranged in an outer ring and an inner ring in a staggered mode, and the periphery of the upper annular groove 1.1 is fixed on the inner wall of a smelting furnace through a connecting piece 1.3.
According to the technical scheme, the zinc liquid collector 1 is integrally formed, the zinc liquid collector 1 is made of graphite, and is manufactured through high-temperature sintering at 3000-3200 ℃ after forming, or the zinc liquid collector 1 is made of high-temperature resistant material with the temperature being higher than 1100 ℃.
In the technical scheme, the bottom surfaces of the upper ring groove 1.1, the upper runner groove 1.11, the lower ring groove 1.2 and the lower runner groove 1.21 are sloping surfaces, and the sloping surfaces incline downwards to the furnace wall outlet pipeline, so that liquid can flow to the furnace wall outlet pipeline faster.
A turbulent flow sprayer is used for the flue gas treatment system, the turbulent flow sprayer 7 is a gas turbulent flow spray head, the spray face of the turbulent flow sprayer 7 is provided with three types of spray pipes which are an upper spray pipe 7.1, a middle spray pipe 7.2 and a lower spray pipe 7.3 respectively, the spray angle of the middle spray pipe 7.2 is a horizontal angle of 90 degrees for direct spray, the spray angle of the upper spray pipe 7.1 and the spray angle of the lower spray pipe 7.3 are horizontal angles of 40-70 degrees for oblique spray, and the spray directions of the upper spray pipe 7.1 and the lower spray pipe 7.3 are opposite.
In the technical scheme, the upper layer spray pipe 7.1 is provided with a plurality of spray pipes, and the angles among the plurality of spray pipes are consistent or inconsistent;
The flue gas treatment method of the flue gas treatment system comprises the following steps:
The flue gas generated by smelting passes through a gap between an upper layer structure and a lower layer structure of a zinc liquid collector 1, rises to reach a flue gas outlet of a smelting furnace, enters a condenser II5, after flue gas refrigeration is carried out, substances capable of condensing and solidifying in the flue gas fall into the bottom of the condenser, the non-solidified flue gas is changed into low-temperature flue gas, one part of the low-temperature flue gas enters a dust remover 8 to remove dust and is emptied through a chimney 10, the other part of the low-temperature flue gas is pumped into a turbulent flow ejector 7 through an air pump II6, the turbulent flow ejector 7 sprays low-temperature gas into the smelting furnace, then the hot flue gas generated by continuous smelting rises to meet the low-temperature gas or naturally cool, zinc vapor in the flue gas is liquefied and falls into the zinc liquid collector 1, the zinc vapor flows into the zinc liquid collector 2 along with a pipeline, the zinc vapor can keep the zinc state, after a certain amount is collected, the low-temperature recycling barrel is used for receiving and recycling, and a small amount of flue gas flowing into the zinc liquid collector 2 is cooled, and then flows back into the smelting furnace through an air pump I4 and the turbulent flow ejector 7.
In the method, the system controls the air pump II6 and the air pump I4 to be continuously started or indirectly started according to the calculated zinc production amount in smelting.
In the above method, the zinc liquid recoverer 2 can collect 90% or more of zinc, and the remaining zinc is collected by the condenser II5 and the condenser I3.
In the method, zinc collected by the condenser II5 and the condenser I3 is solid, wherein trace zinc vapor escaping along with flue gas from the zinc liquid recoverer 2 enters the condenser I3 for solidification, solidified zinc falls into a receiving groove of the condenser I3, after a certain amount of solidified zinc is collected, a blocking plug 3.11 of the condenser I3 is opened, and the receiving groove is extracted or pushed out from a discharge groove 3.1 of the condenser I3, so that the receiving groove is replaced.
Compared with the prior art, the flue gas treatment system, the equipment and the method thereof have the beneficial effects that:
1. The flue gas treatment system is provided with the zinc liquid collector with a special structure, is arranged in the smelting furnace and is positioned at a region with the temperature of 910 ℃ plus or minus 30 ℃ of the furnace core, wherein the temperature region is a critical position of zinc gas liquefaction and is the most dense zinc enrichment, and the flue gas treatment system is an optimal region section for collecting zinc liquid. In addition, after cold air is sprayed, the temperature of the area is slightly reduced, which is also beneficial to improving the collection amount of zinc liquid and purifying the flue gas.
2. The flue gas treatment system is provided with the zinc liquid recoverer, the bottom of the zinc liquid recoverer is conical, the liquid can conveniently flow downwards, the temperature of the zinc liquid recoverer is kept at the liquid temperature of zinc, solidification and gasification can be avoided, and the fluidity and collection smoothness are further ensured.
3. According to the flue gas treatment system, the condenser I is designed behind the zinc liquid recoverer, when the zinc amount is insufficient to fill the pipeline, part of flue gas flows into the zinc liquid recoverer along with liquid zinc and enters the condenser I, the condenser I can cool the flue gas, curable substances in the flue gas are collected, the escaped trace zinc can be further captured, the cooled flue gas flows back into the smelting furnace to form a closed loop, air pollution is not caused, the flue gas can be cooled, the subsequent equipment can be protected, and the service life of the subsequent pipeline and the service life of the air pump I can be prolonged.
4. The flue gas treatment system is provided with the turbulence ejector with a special structure above the zinc liquid collector, the turbulence ejector is used for spraying low-temperature gas, the low-temperature gas is derived from gas of smelting furnace flue gas cooled by the condenser II, the condenser II can cool the flue gas on one hand and provide a gas source for the turbulence ejector to form a closed loop, external gas is not required to be introduced, external impurities are not introduced, and the environment is not influenced, on the other hand, the condenser II can assist in capturing part of trace escaping zinc and part of curable substances, lighten the flue gas treatment load for the dust remover, and prolong the service life of a dust remover filter element. In addition, after the flue gas is cooled by the condenser II, subsequent equipment can be protected, and the service lives of the subsequent pipeline, the air pump II and the dust remover are prolonged.
5. The invention designs a structure of a zinc liquid collector aiming at a flue gas treatment system, wherein an upper annular groove and a lower annular groove are designed as an upper layer and a lower layer, the upper annular groove and the lower annular groove are not arranged on a plane, the passing of flue gas is not blocked, the smooth rising of smelting flue gas through the zinc liquid collector is ensured, concentric annular grooves of the upper annular groove and the lower annular groove are arranged in a staggered way as an outer ring and an inner ring, liquid zinc can be well received, namely the area of the upper annular groove which cannot receive the zinc liquid is supplemented and received by the lower annular groove, the whole area receiving is achieved, the collection amount and the collection efficiency are effectively improved, and under the condition of low zinc enrichment amount, the system can realize intermittent operation due to high collection efficiency.
The upper ring groove and the lower ring groove of the zinc liquid collector are respectively communicated by the runner grooves, so that the smoothness of zinc liquid circulation is ensured, in addition, the bottom of the slope can be designed, the flow speed is increased, the accumulated liquid is reduced, and the zinc liquid collector is designed to be made of high-temperature resistant materials, so that the service life is ensured.
6. The invention designs a structure of a turbulent flow sprayer aiming at a flue gas treatment system, wherein the spraying surface of the turbulent flow sprayer is provided with three types of spraying pipes, the spraying angle of a middle layer spraying pipe is 90 degrees horizontal angle direct spraying, the spraying angles of an upper layer spraying pipe and a lower layer spraying pipe are 40-70 degrees horizontal angle oblique spraying, the spraying directions of the upper layer spraying pipe and the lower layer spraying pipe are opposite, the design can effectively increase the spraying area of gas in the horizontal direction, after the gas flow hits the wall of a smelting furnace, the flowing direction of the gas flow can be changed, the turbulent flow effect is further generated, a dead angle-free cooling air layer is formed, the effective cooling of the flue gas is ensured, the liquefied zinc vapor is effectively reduced, and the escaping zinc vapor is discharged from a smoke outlet. And the temperature of the liquefied zinc is reduced, so that the liquefied zinc cannot be easily gasified repeatedly. In addition, the cold air layer can cool the flue gas, so that the temperature of the discharged flue gas is further reduced, and the energy consumption of the condenser is reduced.
7. The invention designs a structure of a condenser aiming at a flue gas treatment system, namely, a discharge groove with two open ends is arranged at the bottom of the condenser, the two open ends of the discharge groove are sealed by a blocking plug, a receiving groove is arranged in the discharge groove, the receiving groove can be conveniently replaced, and the blockage of the discharge caused by the adhesion of coagulum to the bottom is effectively prevented.
8. The invention also designs a flue gas treatment method aiming at the system, and the flue gas treatment method can control the air pump II and the air pump I to continuously start operation or indirectly start operation according to the calculated zinc production amount of smelting. The zinc liquid recoverer can collect more than 90% of zinc, the rest zinc is collected by the condenser II and the condenser I, the recovery effect of zinc is improved in a breakthrough way, the zinc liquid recoverer is suitable for any smelting raw material with high zinc content, zinc is not required to be cleaned completely, the flow of smelting gas in a furnace can be kept smooth for a long time, and the quality of smelting products is not reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flue gas treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a zinc liquid collector according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a lower ring groove of a zinc liquid collector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of a zinc liquid collector in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a condenser I of a flue gas treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the ejection face of a turbulent ejector according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of a turbulent jet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an upper nozzle of a turbulent jet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a middle nozzle of a turbulent jet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a lower nozzle of a spoiler ejector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
In the drawing, a 1-zinc liquid collector, a 1.1-upper ring groove, a 1.11-upper runner groove, a 1.2-lower ring groove, a 1.21-lower runner groove, a 1.3-connecting piece, a 1.4-connecting piece, a 2-zinc liquid collector, a 3-condenser I, a 3.1-discharging groove, a 3.11-blocking plug, a 4-air pump I, a 5-condenser II, a 6-air pump II, a 7-turbulent flow ejector, a 7.1-upper layer spray pipe, a 7.2-middle layer spray pipe, a 7.3-lower layer spray pipe, an 8-dust remover, a 9-air pump III and a 10-chimney are shown in the figure.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments and figures 1-10, but the invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Example 1
When a 30m blast furnace smelting furnace is used as a raw material, because zinc enrichment problems can cause too large smelting blast resistance, frequent production stopping and zinc cleaning are needed, the zinc is removed by stopping production, solidified zinc exists in gaps of the furnace wall, the production progress and smelting efficiency can be seriously influenced by frequent production stopping and incomplete cleaning, and the service life of the furnace body is greatly influenced by the solidified zinc in the gaps of the furnace wall. Through system transformation, the structure is as follows:
a flue gas treatment system is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a zinc liquid collector 1 and a condenser II5, wherein the zinc liquid collector 1 is arranged at the upper part in a smelting furnace body and is positioned at a furnace core temperature 910 ℃ region, the zinc liquid collector 1 is sequentially connected with a zinc liquid recoverer 2, the condenser I3 and an air pump I4 through pipelines, an air inlet end of the condenser II5 is connected with a flue gas outlet of the smelting furnace through a pipeline, an air outlet end pipeline of the condenser II5 is divided into two branches, one branch is connected with an air pump II6, the other branch is connected with a dust remover 8, an air outlet end of the dust remover 8 is sequentially connected with an air pump III9 and a chimney 10 through a pipeline, an air outlet pipeline of the air pump I4 and an air pump II6 are collected in a main pipe, the main pipe is connected with a turbulent flow ejector 7, the turbulent flow ejector 7 is arranged on the smelting furnace, and the turbulent flow ejector 7 is positioned above the zinc liquid collector 1 and at the furnace core temperature 700 ℃. The exhaust port of the smelting furnace is positioned at the top of the smelting furnace and above the turbulence spraying device 7. The zinc liquid collector 1 is positioned above the feed inlet of the smelting furnace.
When the zinc liquid recovery device is used, the temperature in the zinc liquid recovery device 2 is kept at 430-700 ℃, and a low-temperature recovery cylinder is connected to an outlet at the bottom of the zinc liquid recovery device 2. When the condenser is used, the condensation temperature of the condenser I3 is below 100 ℃, as shown in FIG. 5, a discharge groove 3.1 with two open ends is arranged at the bottom of the condenser I3, the two open ends of the discharge groove 3.1 are sealed by a stop plug 3.11, a receiving groove is arranged in the discharge groove 3.1, and the structure and the condensation temperature of the condenser II5 are the same as those of the condenser I3.
Wherein, the pipeline is provided with an electric valve which is controlled by an electric control system, the air inlet end of the air pump II6 is provided with a flowmeter, and the air inlet end of the turbulent flow ejector 7 is provided with a flowmeter.
A zinc liquid collector is used for the flue gas treatment system, as shown in fig. 2-4, the zinc liquid collector 1 comprises an upper annular groove 1.1 and a lower annular groove 1.2, the upper annular groove 1.1 is positioned above the lower annular groove 1.2, the upper annular groove 1.1 is connected with the lower annular groove 1.2 through a connecting piece 1.4, the upper annular groove 1.1 is formed by a plurality of concentric annular grooves, the plurality of concentric annular grooves are communicated by an upper runner groove 1.11, a discharge port of the upper runner groove 1.11 is connected with a furnace wall outlet pipeline, the lower annular groove 1.2 is formed by a plurality of concentric annular grooves, a discharge port of the lower runner groove 1.21 is communicated with the furnace wall outlet pipeline, the concentric annular grooves of the upper annular groove 1.1 and the lower annular groove 1.2 are arranged in a staggered mode, and the periphery of the upper annular groove 1.1 is fixed on the inner wall of a smelting furnace through a connecting piece 1.3. The zinc liquid collector 1 is integrally formed, the zinc liquid collector 1 is made of graphite, and is manufactured by high-temperature sintering at 3000-3200 ℃ after forming, or the zinc liquid collector 1 is made of high-temperature resistant material with the temperature being higher than 1100 ℃. The bottom surfaces of the upper ring groove 1.1, the upper runner groove 1.11, the lower ring groove 1.2 and the lower runner groove 1.21 are sloping surfaces, and the sloping surfaces incline downwards towards the furnace wall outlet pipeline, so that liquid can flow to the furnace wall outlet pipeline faster.
A turbulent flow sprayer is used for the flue gas treatment system, as shown in fig. 6-10, the turbulent flow sprayer 7 is specifically a gas turbulent flow spray head, the spray surface of the turbulent flow sprayer 7 is provided with three types of spray pipes, namely an upper spray pipe 7.1, a middle spray pipe 7.2 and a lower spray pipe 7.3, the spray angle of the middle spray pipe 7.2 is a horizontal angle of 90 degrees for direct spray, the spray angle of the upper spray pipe 7.1 and the lower spray pipe 7.3 is a horizontal angle of 40 degrees for oblique spray, and the spray directions of the upper spray pipe 7.1 and the lower spray pipe 7.3 are opposite.
The flue gas treatment method of the flue gas treatment system comprises the following steps:
The flue gas generated by smelting passes through a gap between an upper layer structure and a lower layer structure of a zinc liquid collector 1, rises to reach a flue gas outlet of a smelting furnace, enters a condenser II5, after flue gas refrigeration is carried out, substances capable of condensing and solidifying in the flue gas fall into the bottom of the condenser, the non-solidified flue gas is changed into low-temperature flue gas, one part of the low-temperature flue gas enters a dust remover 8 to remove dust and is emptied through a chimney 10, the other part of the low-temperature flue gas is pumped into a turbulent flow ejector 7 through an air pump II6, the turbulent flow ejector 7 sprays low-temperature gas into the smelting furnace, then the hot flue gas generated by continuous smelting rises to meet the low-temperature gas or naturally cool, zinc vapor in the flue gas is liquefied and falls into the zinc liquid collector 1, the zinc vapor flows into the zinc liquid collector 2 along with a pipeline, the zinc vapor can keep the zinc state, after a certain amount is collected, the low-temperature recycling barrel is used for receiving and recycling, and a small amount of flue gas flowing into the zinc liquid collector 2 is cooled, and then flows back into the smelting furnace through an air pump I4 and the turbulent flow ejector 7.
Under the long-term use of the high zinc content principle material, the system controls the air pump II6 and the air pump I4 to continuously start operation according to the calculated zinc production amount of smelting.
In the use process, the theoretical yield of zinc in a month interval is calculated, and the recovery amount of zinc is weighed, so that 91.6% of zinc can be collected in the zinc liquid recoverer 2.
The residual zinc is collected by a condenser II5 and a condenser I3, the zinc collected by the condenser II5 and the condenser I3 is solid, wherein trace zinc vapor escaping along with flue gas from the zinc liquid recoverer 2 enters the condenser I3 for solidification, solidified zinc falls into a receiving groove of the condenser I3, after a certain amount of zinc is collected, a blocking plug 3.11 of the condenser I3 is opened, the receiving groove is extracted or pushed out from a discharge groove 3.1 of the condenser I3, and the receiving groove is replaced.
In one month interval, the total amount of zinc (91.6%) collected by the zinc liquid recoverer 2, the solid matter amount collected by the condenser II and the condenser I are weighed, the total amount is more than 5.8% of the theoretical calculated zinc production amount, namely, the theoretical calculation is 100%, and the actual obtained collection is 105.8%. Analysis, on the one hand, the theoretical calculation of the zinc content of the raw material deviates from the actual zinc content, and on the other hand, the solids collected in the condensers II and I contain other impurities in addition to zinc.
The flue gas treatment system modified by the embodiment has good effects in aspects of removing flue gas impurities and zinc, especially greatly improves the zinc removing result, does not need to stop production and remove zinc, and does not influence the production efficiency.
Claims (8)
1. The flue gas treatment system is characterized by comprising a zinc liquid collector (1) and a condenser II (5), wherein the zinc liquid collector (1) is arranged in a smelting furnace, the zinc liquid collector (1) is sequentially connected with a zinc liquid recoverer (2), a condenser I (3) and an air pump I (4) through pipelines, the air inlet end of the condenser II (5) is connected with a flue gas outlet of the smelting furnace through a pipeline, the air outlet end pipeline of the condenser II (5) is divided into two branches, one branch is connected with an air pump II (6), the other branch is connected with a dust remover (8), the air outlet pipelines of the air pump I (4) and the air pump II (6) are collected in a main pipe, the main pipe is connected with a turbulent flow ejector (7), and the turbulent flow ejector (7) is arranged on the smelting furnace;
The zinc liquid collector (1) comprises an upper annular groove (1.1) and a lower annular groove (1.2), wherein the upper annular groove (1.1) is positioned above the lower annular groove (1.2), the upper annular groove (1.1) is connected with the lower annular groove (1.2) through a connecting sheet (1.4), the upper annular groove (1.1) is formed by a plurality of concentric annular grooves, the plurality of concentric annular grooves are communicated by an upper runner groove (1.11), the discharge port of the upper runner groove (1.11) is connected with a furnace wall outlet pipeline, the lower annular groove (1.2) is formed by a plurality of concentric annular grooves, the discharge port of the lower runner groove (1.21) is connected with the furnace wall outlet pipeline, the concentric annular grooves of the upper annular groove (1.1) and the lower annular groove (1.2) are arranged in a staggered manner, and the periphery of the upper annular groove (1.1) is fixed on the inner wall of the smelting furnace through a connecting piece (1.3);
The jet surface of the turbulent jet (7) is provided with three types of jet pipes, namely an upper layer jet pipe (7.1), a middle layer jet pipe (7.2) and a lower layer jet pipe (7.3), the jet angle of the middle layer jet pipe (7.2) is a horizontal angle of 90 degrees and is direct jet, the jet angles of the upper layer jet pipe (7.1) and the lower layer jet pipe (7.3) are 40-70 degrees oblique jet, and the jet directions of the upper layer jet pipe (7.1) and the lower layer jet pipe (7.3) are opposite.
2. The flue gas treatment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that an air outlet end of the dust remover (8) is sequentially connected with an air pump III (9) and a chimney (10) through a pipeline, the zinc liquid collector (1) is arranged at the upper part in a smelting furnace body and is positioned at a furnace core temperature 910 ℃ plus or minus 30 ℃ region, the turbulence ejector (7) is positioned above the zinc liquid collector (1) and is positioned at a furnace core temperature 700 ℃ to 850 ℃ region, and a flue gas outlet of the smelting furnace is positioned at the top of the smelting furnace and is positioned above the turbulence ejector (7).
3. The flue gas treatment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the temperature in the zinc liquid recoverer (2) is kept at 430-850 ℃, a low-temperature recovery cylinder is connected to an outlet at the bottom of the zinc liquid recoverer (2), the condensation temperature of the condenser I (3) is lower than 100 ℃, a discharge groove (3.1) with two open ends is arranged at the bottom of the condenser I (3), the two open ends of the discharge groove (3.1) are sealed by baffle plugs (3.11), a receiving groove is arranged in the discharge groove (3.1), and the structure and the condensation temperature of the condenser II (5) are the same as those of the condenser I (3).
4. The flue gas treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the zinc liquid collector (1) is integrally formed, the zinc liquid collector (1) is made of graphite, and the zinc liquid collector is manufactured by high-temperature sintering at 3000-3200 ℃ after forming.
5. A flue gas treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the bottom surfaces of the upper ring groove (1.1), the upper runner groove (1.11), the lower ring groove (1.2) and the lower runner groove (1.21) are sloping surfaces, and the sloping surfaces incline downwards to the outlet pipe of the furnace wall.
6. A flue gas treatment method employing a flue gas treatment system according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
The flue gas generated by smelting passes through a gap of an upper layer structure and a lower layer structure of a zinc liquid collector (1), rises to reach a smoke outlet of a smelting furnace, enters a condenser II (5), after flue gas refrigeration is carried out, substances capable of condensing and solidifying in the flue gas fall into the bottom of the condenser, the non-solidified flue gas becomes low-temperature flue gas, one part of the low-temperature flue gas enters a dust remover (8) to remove dust and is emptied through a chimney (10), the other part of the low-temperature flue gas is pumped into a turbulent flow ejector (7) through an air pump II (6), the turbulent flow ejector (7) sprays low-temperature gas into the smelting furnace, then hot flue gas generated by continuous smelting rises to meet the low-temperature gas or naturally cool, zinc vapor in the flue gas liquefies and falls into the zinc liquid collector (1), the zinc liquid collector (2) along with the flowing of a pipeline into the zinc liquid collector (2), after a certain amount of the zinc liquid is collected, the zinc liquid is recovered by a low-temperature recovery barrel, a small amount of the zinc liquid enters the zinc liquid collector (2) and enters a condenser I (3) to cool the flue gas, and then flows into the smelting furnace through the turbulent flow ejector (4) to enter the air pump (7).
7. A flue gas treatment method according to claim 6, wherein the air pump II (6) and the air pump I (4) are operated continuously or indirectly.
8. The flue gas treatment method according to claim 6, wherein more than 90% of zinc can be collected in the zinc liquid recoverer (2), the rest zinc is collected by the condenser II (5) and the condenser I (3), the zinc collected by the condenser II (5) and the condenser I (3) is solid, trace zinc vapor escaping from the zinc liquid recoverer (2) along with flue gas enters the condenser I (3) to be solidified, solidified zinc falls into a receiving groove of the condenser I (3), after a certain amount is collected, a blocking plug (3.11) of the condenser I (3) is opened, and the receiving groove is pulled out or pushed out from a discharging groove (3.1) of the condenser I (3) to realize replacement of the receiving groove.
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| CN210813997U (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2020-06-23 | 湖北汇泉榕泰智能装备有限公司 | Liquid collector of fractionating tower |
| CN111349793A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-06-30 | 沈阳东大山汇环境科技有限公司 | Zinc recovery method and device for blast furnace or shaft furnace |
| CN218290985U (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-01-13 | 辽宁科技大学 | Oxygen-enriched turbulent flow coal injection gun for large blast furnace |
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| JP5157557B2 (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2013-03-06 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Slag treatment method |
| EP2826532A1 (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2015-01-21 | Sulzer Chemtech AG | A liquid mixing collector and a method for its use |
| CN205948460U (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-15 | 长春黄金研究院 | Atmospheric pressure solid -liquid separation machine |
| CN113819767B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2023-03-03 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Device for pre-cooling crude flue gas and collecting flue gas dust |
| CN217829544U (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-11-18 | 上海六谦工程科技股份有限公司 | High-efficient ammonia resource recovery processing system |
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| CN210813997U (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2020-06-23 | 湖北汇泉榕泰智能装备有限公司 | Liquid collector of fractionating tower |
| CN111349793A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-06-30 | 沈阳东大山汇环境科技有限公司 | Zinc recovery method and device for blast furnace or shaft furnace |
| CN218290985U (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-01-13 | 辽宁科技大学 | Oxygen-enriched turbulent flow coal injection gun for large blast furnace |
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