CN116921236A - Grain quality sorting device and method - Google Patents
Grain quality sorting device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116921236A CN116921236A CN202310862376.2A CN202310862376A CN116921236A CN 116921236 A CN116921236 A CN 116921236A CN 202310862376 A CN202310862376 A CN 202310862376A CN 116921236 A CN116921236 A CN 116921236A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B15/00—Combinations of apparatus for separating solids from solids by dry methods applicable to bulk material, e.g. loose articles fit to be handled like bulk material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/04—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices according to size
- B07B13/07—Apparatus in which aggregates or articles are moved along or past openings which increase in size in the direction of movement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/14—Details or accessories
- B07B13/16—Feed or discharge arrangements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/361—Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory
- B07C5/362—Separating or distributor mechanisms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/38—Collecting or arranging articles in groups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C2501/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material to be sorted
- B07C2501/0081—Sorting of food items
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- Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a grain quality screening device which comprises a feeding mechanism, a visual detection device, a multi-stage screening mechanism, a vibration mechanism, a support frame and a bottom plate, wherein the multi-stage screening mechanism is connected to the bottom plate through the support frame, and the feeding mechanism, the visual detection device and the vibration mechanism are sequentially connected to the multi-stage screening mechanism along one direction; wherein, this multistage screening mechanism includes again: the sorting screen plate, the imperfect grain sorting mechanism and the normal grain screening mechanism are connected to the supporting frame, and the imperfect grain sorting mechanism and the normal grain screening mechanism are sequentially connected to the sorting screen plate and/or the supporting frame, and one or more grain screening grooves are formed in the sorting screen plate. According to the utility model, the risk of falling of grains is reduced by arranging the grain screening groove, the detection and separation speed of imperfect grains and normal grains is improved, and normal grains with different volumes are subjected to multistage screening through holes with different inner diameters on the grain screening groove and are respectively collected.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of grain detection and sorting, in particular to a grain quality sorting device and method.
Background
In the grain detection process, the method is an essential link for detecting whether the quality of grains and the grains are perfect. The imperfect grains refer to grains which are damaged but have edible value, including insect eroded grains, disease spot grains, broken grains, immature grains, sprouted grains and mildewed grains, and the grains can reduce the quality and nutritive value of the grains and can also influence the processing and storage of the grains and the quality and safety of the grains, so that the imperfect grains in the grains need to be detected, screened, cleaned and the like in the harvesting, cleaning, storage and processing processes of the grains so as to ensure the overall quality and safety of the grains.
At present, a detection method for some imperfect grains exists: visual detection, acoustic signal detection, odor detection, near infrared spectroscopy, X-ray detection, and the like. The visual detection method adopts naked eyes to detect whether imperfect grains such as breakage, mildew, insect damage and the like exist in grains, the method mainly uses manpower, the speed of the manual detection is relatively slow, and the quality result of the detection has great subjectivity, so that the detection result is not ideal. The detection method is susceptible to the accuracy of the vision sensor, the image processing speed and external noise. The acoustic signal detection method is characterized in that the physical structure of imperfect grains is changed relative to perfect grains, the imperfect grains are distinguished by detecting acoustic signals generated by grain collision, and noise interference cannot be avoided when the acoustic signals are acquired, so that detection is affected. The odor detection method can detect the odor of grains through sensor technologies such as an electronic nose, but cannot determine whether the source of the odor is caused by imperfect grains. In addition, the odor detection method cannot accurately measure the intensity and type of the odor, so that other detection methods are required to be combined when judging the quality of the grain so as to ensure the quality and safety of the grain. The near infrared spectrum can also be used for detecting imperfect grains of grains, and when the method is used for detecting, the humidity and the temperature of different samples can influence the detection result. The X-ray detection method utilizes the X-ray technology to detect the foreign matters, insect pests and the like in the grains and judge whether imperfect grains exist, the detection speed is low, the detection cost is high, and meanwhile, the X-ray technology needs to radiate the grains and can influence the nutritional value and the taste of the grains, so that the product quality is influenced. The detection speed or precision of the methods cannot meet the actual production requirement, and a novel device and method for detecting imperfect grains of grains are needed.
In recent years, the detection of imperfect grains of grains is carried out on the market by a method based on a computer vision technology and artificial intelligence, and Chinese patent application No. 202022433057.4 discloses a multi-type defect sorting device for imperfect grains of grains, which adopts a plurality of stirring sorting modules to sort imperfect grains, but a belt conveying mechanism used by a grain conveying mechanism is easy to cause grains to fall off, and the problem that grains are accumulated and the detection speed is slow is caused by using one conveying mechanism.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a grain food quality inspection and selection device and method, and the defects of falling grains and low detection speed are overcome by arranging a grain screening groove.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a grain quality inspection and selection device, which comprises a feeding mechanism, a visual detection device, a multi-stage screening mechanism, a vibrating mechanism, a supporting frame and a bottom plate. The multistage screening mechanism is connected to the bottom plate through a supporting frame, and is sequentially connected with a feeding mechanism, a visual detection device and a vibration mechanism along one direction; wherein, this multistage screening mechanism includes again: the sorting screen plate, the imperfect grain sorting mechanism and the normal grain screening mechanism are connected to the supporting frame, and the imperfect grain sorting mechanism and the normal grain screening mechanism are sequentially connected to the sorting screen plate and/or the supporting frame, and one or more grain screening grooves are formed in the sorting screen plate.
Preferably, the feeding mechanism further comprises: the grain screening device comprises a grain storage box and one or more quantity control devices, wherein one side of the bottom of the grain storage box is provided with a plurality of discharge ports, and the number of the discharge ports corresponds to the number of the grain screening grooves and the quantity control devices; the quantity control device is arranged on the grain storage box and used for controlling the grain output quantity of the discharge outlet.
Preferably, the above-mentioned controlling device further includes: the linear driving device is connected to one side of the top of the grain storage box, which corresponds to the discharge hole, and is used for driving the fixing plate to move up and down; one end of the fixed plate is connected with the linear driving device, and the other end of the fixed plate is connected with the lifting rod; the lifting rod is connected with the quantity control baffle, and the quantity control baffle is sleeved at the grain inlet end of the grain screening tank and controls the grain outlet quantity of the discharge port.
Preferably, the visual inspection apparatus further includes: the grain screening device comprises a fixed cover and one or more industrial detection cameras, wherein the fixed cover is arranged on a screening plate, and the industrial detection cameras are arranged on the fixed cover or at two sides of a grain screening groove corresponding to grain feeding ends of the grain screening groove.
Further, the inside of the industrial detection camera is provided with a grain appearance information acquisition module, an image analysis processing chip and a signal transmission module.
Preferably, the defective grain sorting mechanism further includes: sorting devices and first-class collection barrels arranged on the sorting sieve plates and/or the supporting frames; the sorting device is electrically connected with the visual detection device and is used for collecting imperfect grains into the first-class collecting barrels.
Preferably, the sorting apparatus further includes: a caching device and an executing device; wherein,,
the caching apparatus further includes: the upper end of the lifting plate is connected to the bottom of the sorting sieve plate, a first grain discharging port is formed in the corresponding position of the bottom of the sorting sieve plate, one side of the lifting plate is connected with a limiting plate, and the limiting plate is lapped above the first type collecting barrel; the lower end of the lifting plate is connected with a telescopic rod, the telescopic rod is electrically connected with a telescopic rod controller, and the telescopic rod controller is electrically connected with the visual detection device;
the execution device further comprises: the device comprises a mounting frame arranged on a sorting sieve plate and a sorting component arranged on the mounting frame, wherein the sorting component is electrically connected with a telescopic rod controller, and the sorting component is a fan or an air tap.
Preferably, the normal grain screening mechanism comprises a plurality of holes with different inner diameters, a plurality of second grain discharging ports, a plurality of second-class collecting barrels and a third-class collecting barrel; wherein the holes are sequentially arranged on the grain screening groove; the second grain discharging port is arranged at the position of the corresponding hole of the sorting sieve plate; the second-class collecting barrel is arranged below the second grain discharging port and connected to the supporting part; the third type collecting barrels are arranged behind all the second type collecting barrels and connected to the supporting frame for collecting grains which do not pass through the second grain discharging opening.
Preferably, the first type of collector, the second type of collector and the third type of collector are connected with the bottom plate through magnetic elements.
Preferably, the vibration mechanism further includes: the vibrating frame, the vibration source and the eccentric hammer, wherein the vibrating frame is arranged on the sorting sieve plate, the vibration source is arranged at the top of the vibrating frame, and the eccentric hammer is arranged at the power output end of the vibration source.
Preferably, the sorting screen plate is obliquely arranged on the supporting frame, wherein the feeding mechanism is arranged on the high-end side of the sorting screen plate.
Preferably, the supporting frame is of a telescopic structure and is used for adjusting the inclination angle of the sorting sieve plate.
On the other hand, the utility model also provides a grain quality inspection and selection method, which adopts any grain quality inspection and selection device, and comprises the following steps:
and (3) feeding: placing grains in a grain storage box, driving a sorting sieve plate to vibrate through a vibration mechanism, and discharging the grains into the grain screening tank through a discharge hole and moving;
defective grain collection: shooting images of grains through an industrial detection camera, carrying out appearance analysis and classification, and collecting imperfect grains to a first type collecting barrel through an imperfect grain sorting mechanism if the imperfect grains belong to the imperfect grains; if the particles belong to normal particles, the next step is carried out;
normal grain collection: normal grains sequentially pass through holes with different inner diameters on the grain screening groove and are discharged into different second-type collecting barrels through second grain discharging openings; and if the normal grains are not discharged through the second grain discharge port, discharging the normal grains into a third type collecting barrel for collection.
Wherein the imperfect grain comprises mildew grain, broken grain, insect grain, disease spot grain and bud grain.
The advantages of the utility model are as follows:
according to the utility model, the risk of falling of grains is reduced by arranging the grain screening groove, the detection and separation speed of imperfect grains and normal grains is improved, and normal grains with different volumes are subjected to multistage screening through holes with different inner diameters on the grain screening groove and are respectively collected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a grain food quality inspection and selection device according to the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure (excluding the support frame) of the food quality inspection device of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a screening deck of the present utility model;
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of the stationary housing and industrial inspection camera of the present utility model;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a grain detection module of an industrial detection camera according to the present utility model;
wherein reference numerals are used to refer to
1-sorting a sieve plate;
2-a feeding mechanism;
21-a grain storage tank;
22-a discharge port;
23-cylinder;
24-fixing plates;
25-lifting rod;
26-a quantity control baffle;
3-visual detection means;
31-a fixed cover;
32-an industrial inspection camera;
33-a telescopic rod;
34-lifting plate;
35-limiting plates;
36-a first type collection tub;
37-telescoping rod controller;
38-mounting frame;
39-sorting part;
4-a vibration mechanism;
41-a vibration frame;
42-a vibration source;
43-eccentric weight;
44-grain screening groove;
440-hole;
45-a second grain discharging port;
46-a second type collection bin;
47-a third class collection bin;
5-an elastic pad;
6-supporting frames;
7-a bottom plate;
8-magnetic sheets;
9-iron sheet.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present utility model is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so as to further understand the purpose, the scheme and the effects of the present utility model, but not to limit the scope of the appended claims.
References in the specification to "an embodiment," "another embodiment," "this embodiment," etc., indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, such phrases are not intended to refer to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to effect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
Certain terms are used throughout the description and following claims to refer to particular components or features, as one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a technical user or manufacturer may refer to the same component or feature in different terms or terms. The specification and claims do not identify differences in names as a way of distinguishing components or parts, but rather differences in functions of the components or parts as a criterion of distinguishing. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. In addition, the term "coupled" as used herein includes any direct or indirect electrical connection. Indirect electrical connection means include connection via other devices.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present utility model, terms such as "transverse," "longitudinal," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and "about," or "about," "substantially," "left and right," etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships or parameters, etc. based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements being referred to must have a specific orientation, a specific size, or be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the whole structure of the grain quality inspection and selection device according to the present utility model, and fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the whole structure of the grain quality inspection and selection device (excluding a support frame), which includes a feeding mechanism 2, a visual inspection device 3, a multi-stage screening mechanism (not shown), a vibration mechanism 4, a support frame 6, and a bottom plate 7.
In this embodiment, the multi-stage screening mechanism is connected with a feeding mechanism 2, a visual detection device 3 and a vibration mechanism 4 in sequence from left to right. The feeding mechanism 2 is arranged at the leftmost side and is used for temporarily storing grains; the visual detection device 3 is arranged close to the feeding mechanism 2 and is used for carrying out image shooting and type analysis on grains; the vibration mechanism 4 is arranged at the right side of the visual detection device 3 or at the middle or the rightmost end of the multi-stage screening mechanism, and provides vibration for the whole grain food quality inspection and selection device so as to enable grains to move.
In this embodiment, the multi-stage screening mechanism further includes: a sorting deck 1, an imperfect grain sorting mechanism (not shown) and a normal grain screening mechanism (not shown). The sorting screen plate 1 is connected to a bottom plate 7 through a supporting frame 6. The number of the supporting frames 6 may be plural, in this embodiment, four supporting frames 6 are respectively connected to four corners of the sorting screen 1 for fixing the analysis screen 1, and elastic members such as an elastic pad 5 may be used to buffer the two. Four support frames 6 are connected to the bottom plate 7.
Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of a screening deck 1 according to the present utility model, wherein one or more grain screening grooves 44 are provided in the screening deck 1. In this embodiment, four grain screening grooves 44 are illustrated as an example, and the four grain screening grooves 44 are uniformly formed in the top of the screening deck 1.
In this embodiment, the feeding mechanism 2 comprises a grain storage tank 21 and one or more metering devices (not shown). The right side of the bottom of the grain storage tank 21 is provided with discharge ports 22 for discharging grains in the grain storage tank 21 out of the discharge ports 22, the number of which is the same as that of the grain screening grooves 44 and the control device, and four discharge ports are taken as an example for illustration in this embodiment. Generally, the bottom surface of the grain storage tank 21 is inclined downward at one side of the discharge port 22, facilitating the discharge of grains. The quantity control device is provided on one side of the discharge port 22 of the grain storage tank 21 for controlling the quantity of the grains discharged from the discharge port 22.
Preferably, the volume control device comprises a linear driving device, a fixed plate, a lifting rod and a volume control baffle. The linear driving device is connected to one side of the top of the grain storage box corresponding to the discharge hole and used for driving the fixing plate to move up and down; one end of the fixed plate is connected with the linear driving device, and the other end of the fixed plate is connected with the lifting rod; the lifting rod is connected with the quantity control baffle, and the quantity control baffle is sleeved at the grain inlet end of the grain screening tank and controls the grain outlet quantity of the discharge port. As shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, the linear driving device is an air cylinder 23, the air cylinder 23 is fixed on the right side of the top of the grain storage tank 21, the telescopic end of the air cylinder 23 is connected with a fixed plate 24, the top end of a lifting rod 25 is connected to one side of the bottom of the fixed plate 24, the lower end of the lifting rod 25 is connected with a quantity control baffle 26, and the quantity control baffle 26 is sleeved at the grain feeding end inside the grain screening groove 44.
In this embodiment, the visual inspection device 3 includes a stationary cover 31 and one or more industrial inspection cameras 32. Two ends of the fixed cover 31 are connected to two lateral sides of the sorting screen 1, as shown in fig. 5, four industrial detection 32 cameras are disposed at the lower end of the fixed cover 31 and corresponding to the grain feeding end of the grain screening tank 44, or disposed at two sides (not shown) of the grain screening tank 44, so as to take images of grains at the grain feeding end and perform type analysis.
In this embodiment, the defective grain sorting mechanism comprises sorting means (not shown) and a first type of collection bin 36 provided on the sorting deck 1 and/or the support frame 6; the sorting device is electrically connected to the visual inspection device 3 for collecting imperfect particles into a first type of collection bin 36. Optionally, the electrical connection includes both wired and wireless connections.
In this embodiment, the sorting apparatus further includes: a caching device and an execution device (not shown); the buffer device comprises a lifting plate 34, a telescopic rod 33 and a telescopic rod controller 37. The upper end of the lifting plate 34 is connected to the bottom of the sorting screen plate 1 and is close to the right end of the fixed cover 31, and a first grain discharging port (not shown) is formed in the bottom of the sorting screen plate 1 at a position corresponding to the lifting plate 34 and is used for discharging imperfect grains. One side of the lifting plate 34 is connected with a limiting plate 35, and the limiting plate 35 is lapped above the first type collecting barrel 36 to prevent imperfect grains from falling outside the first type collecting barrel 36. The telescopic link 33 is connected to lifter plate 34 lower extreme, and telescopic link 33 drives lifter plate 34 up-and-down motion, and telescopic link 33 is connected with telescopic link controller 37 electricity. The telescopic rod controller 37 can control the ascending and descending of the telescopic rod 33, and the telescopic rod controller 37 is electrically connected with the visual inspection device 3.
In this embodiment, the executing device further includes: a mounting frame 38 and a sorting section 39, the mounting frame 38 being fixed to the bottom of the sorting deck 1 and to the left of the lifting plate 34. The sorting member 39 is a fan mounted on the mounting frame 38 in correspondence with the position of the lifting plate 34. The fan is electrically connected to the telescopic rod controller 37 and the visual monitoring device 3. The sorting member 39 may be of other construction, such as an air tap, as long as imperfect pellets can be blown into the first type collection bin 36.
As shown in fig. 6, a grain detection module of the industrial detection camera 32 is schematically shown, and a grain appearance information acquisition module, an image analysis processing chip and a signal transmission module are arranged in the industrial detection camera. When the telescopic rod control device is used, the grain appearance information acquisition module acquires grain images, the image analysis processing chip analyzes and classifies the acquired grain images, the signal transmission module transmits classification results to the signal receiving module in the telescopic rod controller 37, and the telescopic rod controller 37 controls the telescopic rod 33 to move up and down.
In this embodiment, the normal grain screening mechanism includes a plurality of holes 440 having different inner diameters, a plurality of second grain discharge openings 45, a plurality of second type collecting barrels 46, and a third type collecting barrel 47. In this embodiment, four groups of four holes 440 are illustrated, the holes 440 are sequentially arranged in the grain screening grooves 44, and each grain screening groove 44 has four holes 440. The second grain discharging ports 45 are arranged at positions corresponding to the holes 440 of the sorting screen plate 1, and the inner diameters of the second grain discharging ports 45 are the same as or slightly larger than the holes 440, and the number of the second grain discharging ports 45 corresponds to the number of the holes 440. The second type collecting barrels 46 are arranged below the second grain discharging port 45 and connected to the bottom plate 7, and the number of the second type collecting barrels 46 can be four or more, and the second type collecting barrels 46 can be determined according to actual needs. The third type of collection barrels 47 are provided at the right end of the grain screening tank 44 and all the second type of collection barrels 46 are connected to the bottom plate 7 to collect grains which do not pass through the second grain discharge port 45.
Preferably, the holes 440 are formed to be sequentially increased in inner diameter from left to right so as to discharge normal pellets having a diameter that is increased from small to large.
In the present embodiment, the first type collector 36, the second type collector 46, and the third type collector 47 are connected to the base plate 7 by magnetic elements. Specifically, iron pieces 9 are fixedly embedded in the bottoms of the first type collecting tank 36, the second type collecting tank 46 and the third type collecting tank 47, and a plurality of magnetic pieces 8 are fixedly embedded in the bottom plate 7 connected with the collecting tanks 36, 46 and 47. The magnetic sheet 8 and the iron sheet 9 cooperate to ensure the stability of the collecting barrels 36, 46 and 47, thereby facilitating the collection of grains.
In the present embodiment, the vibration mechanism 4 further includes: a vibration frame 41, a vibration source 42 and an eccentric weight 43, wherein the vibration frame 41 is arranged on the sorting screen plate 1, the vibration source 42 is arranged at the top of the vibration frame 41, and the eccentric weight 43 is arranged at the power output end of the vibration source 42. Preferably, the vibration source 42 is a vibration motor.
In the present embodiment, the sorting deck 1 is obliquely disposed on the supporting frame 6, and the feeding mechanism 2 is disposed on the high-end side of the sorting deck 1, and the visual inspection device 3 and the vibrating mechanism 4 are sequentially disposed along the direction of the low-end side of the sorting deck 1. Preferably, the supporting frame 6 is a telescopic structure, so as to adjust the inclination angle of the sorting deck 1. Optionally, the inclination angle of the sorting deck 1 is 5 ° ～ 10°。
The following is an example of a method corresponding to the above-described apparatus example, and this embodiment mode can be implemented in cooperation with the above-described embodiment mode. The related technical details mentioned in the above embodiments are still valid in this embodiment, and in order to reduce repetition, they are not repeated here. Accordingly, the related technical details mentioned in the present embodiment can also be applied to the above-described embodiments.
The utility model also discloses a grain quality inspection and selection method, which adopts any grain quality inspection and selection device, and comprises the following steps:
and (3) feeding: placing grains in a grain storage box 21, driving a sorting screen plate 1 to vibrate through a vibration mechanism 4, and discharging the grains into the grain screening groove 44 through a discharge hole 22 and moving;
defective grain collection: shooting images of grains through an industrial detection camera 32, carrying out appearance analysis and classification, and collecting the imperfect grains into a first type collecting barrel 36 through an imperfect grain sorting mechanism if the imperfect grains belong to the imperfect grains; if the particles belong to normal particles, the next step is carried out;
normal grain collection: normal grains sequentially pass through holes 440 with different inner diameters on the grain screening groove 44 and are discharged into different second-type collecting barrels 46 through second grain discharging openings 45; if normal grains are not discharged through the second grain discharging port 45, the grains are discharged into a third type of collecting 47 barrel for collection.
Wherein, the imperfect grain comprises mildew grain, broken grain, insect grain, disease spot grain and bud grain.
Specifically, when in use, grains are firstly placed in the grain storage box 21, the output end of the vibration source 42 drives the eccentric weight 43 to rotate, and the vibration frame 41 is knocked, so that the vibration frame 41 drives the sorting screen plate 1 to vibrate; meanwhile, the fixed plate 24 and the lifting rod 25 are driven to reciprocate through the telescopic end of the air cylinder 23, the lifting rod 25 drives the quantity control baffle 26 to reciprocate at the grain inlet end of the inner cavity of the grain screening groove 44, grains in the grain storage tank 21 are sequentially discharged into the grain screening groove 44 through the discharge port 22, and the grain is driven to move in the grain screening groove 44 through the vibration of the sorting screen plate 1.
When grains move to the lower part of the industrial detection camera 32, the grains are captured and shot by the industrial detection camera 32, the grain appearance is analyzed by the image analysis processing chip, the image analysis processing chip divides the grain appearance into imperfect grains and normal grains, if the grain appearance is detected to be mildewed, crushed or eroded, signals are sent to the signal receiving module of the telescopic rod controller 37 through the signal transmission module, the grains move to the top of the lifting plate 34 due to vibration of the sorting screen plate 1 at the moment, meanwhile, the telescopic rod controller 37 controls the telescopic ends of the telescopic rods 33 to drive the lifting plate 34 and the grains to move downwards to the lower part of the sorting screen plate 1, wind force is generated by the sorting component 39 (such as a fan), and the grains with imperfect grains are blown into the first type collecting barrel 36 to be collected.
If the industrial detection camera 32 detects that the grain is normal grain, the grain continues to move rightward in the grain screening groove 44 through the vibration of the vibration mechanism 4, so that the grain sequentially passes through the hole 440 and the second grain discharge opening 45, and the grain can be screened according to the volume size and collected into the corresponding second-type collecting barrel 46 due to different inner diameters of the hole 440, if the volume of the grain is too large or other reasons are not discharged through the second grain discharge opening 45, the grain is discharged into the third-type collecting barrel 47 through the right end of the grain screening groove 44, and the grain is collected.
In summary, according to the utility model, on one hand, imperfect grains are rapidly screened and collected through the cooperation of the grain screening groove, the industrial detection camera, the lifting plate, the telescopic rod controller, the limiting plate, the first type collecting barrel, the mounting frame and the fan; on the other hand, through the cooperation of vibration mechanism, the hole on the grain screening groove, second row grain mouth, second class collecting vessel and third class collecting vessel, carry out multistage screening and collect respectively according to the size of grain volume, reduced the separation error rate of grain.
The embodiments of the present utility model have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model and the scope of the claims, which are also within the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (14)
1. The grain quality inspection and selection device comprises a feeding mechanism, a visual detection device, a multi-stage screening mechanism, a vibrating mechanism, a supporting frame and a bottom plate, and is characterized in that,
the multistage screening mechanism is connected to the bottom plate through the supporting frame, and the feeding mechanism, the visual detection device and the vibration mechanism are sequentially connected to the multistage screening mechanism along one direction; wherein,,
the multi-stage screening mechanism further comprises: sorting sieve, imperfect grain sorting mechanism and normal grain screening mechanism, sorting sieve connects on the support frame, imperfect grain sorting mechanism with normal grain screening mechanism connects gradually sorting sieve and/or on the support frame, be provided with one or more grain screening groove on the sorting sieve.
2. The food quality inspection device of claim 1, wherein the feed mechanism further comprises: the grain screening device comprises a grain storage box and one or more quantity control devices, wherein one side of the bottom of the grain storage box is provided with one or more discharge ports, and the number of the discharge ports corresponds to the number of the grain screening grooves and the quantity control devices; the quantity control device is arranged on the grain storage box and used for controlling the grain output quantity of the discharge hole.
3. The grain quality inspection and selection device according to claim 2, wherein the quantity control device further comprises: a linear driving device, a fixed plate, a lifting rod and a quantity control baffle plate, wherein,
the linear driving device is connected to one side of the top of the grain storage box, which corresponds to the discharge hole, and is used for driving the fixing plate to move up and down;
one end of the fixed plate is connected with the linear driving device, and the other end of the fixed plate is connected with the lifting rod;
the lifting rod is connected with the quantity control baffle, and the quantity control baffle is sleeved at the grain inlet end of the grain screening groove and controls the grain outlet quantity of the discharge hole.
4. A grain quality inspection device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the visual inspection device further comprises: the grain screening device comprises a fixed cover and one or more industrial detection cameras, wherein the fixed cover is arranged on the screening plate, and the industrial detection cameras are arranged on the fixed cover or two sides of the grain screening groove correspond to grain feeding ends of the grain screening groove.
5. The grain quality inspection and selection device according to claim 4, wherein the grain appearance information acquisition module, the image analysis processing chip and the signal transmission module are arranged in the industrial inspection camera.
6. The grain quality inspection and selection device according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 5, wherein the imperfect grain sorting mechanism further comprises: sorting means and a first type of collection bin; the sorting device is arranged on the sorting sieve plate and/or the supporting frame, and is electrically connected with the visual detection device and used for collecting imperfect grains into the first-type collecting barrel; the first type collection barrels are connected to the bottom plate.
7. The food grain quality inspection device of claim 6, wherein the sorting device further comprises: a caching device and an executing device; wherein the method comprises the steps of
The buffering device further comprises: the upper end of the lifting plate is connected to the bottom of the sorting sieve plate, a first grain discharging port is formed in the corresponding position of the bottom of the sorting sieve plate, one side of the lifting plate is connected with a limiting plate, and the limiting plate is lapped above the first type collecting barrel; the lower end of the lifting plate is connected with the telescopic rod, the telescopic rod is electrically connected with the telescopic rod controller, and the telescopic rod controller is electrically connected with the visual detection device;
the execution device further comprises: the setting is in the mounting bracket on the separation sieve board and set up sorting part on the mounting bracket, sorting part with telescopic link controller electricity is connected, sorting part is fan or air cock.
8. The grain quality inspection and selection device according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 7, wherein the normal grain screening mechanism comprises a plurality of holes having different inner diameters, a plurality of second grain discharge ports, a plurality of second type collection barrels, and a third type collection barrel; wherein,,
the holes are sequentially arranged on the grain screening groove;
the second grain discharging port is arranged at the position of the sorting sieve plate corresponding to the hole;
the second-type collecting barrel is arranged below the second grain discharging port and connected to the supporting part;
the third type collecting barrels are arranged at the rear sides of all the second type collecting barrels and connected to the supporting frame for collecting grains which do not pass through the second grain discharging port.
9. The food quality inspection device of claim 8, wherein the first type of collection bin, the second type of collection bin, and the third type of collection bin are connected to the base plate by magnetic elements.
10. A grain quality inspection apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the vibration mechanism further comprises: the vibrating frame is arranged on the sorting sieve plate, the vibrating source is arranged at the top of the vibrating frame, and the eccentric hammer is arranged at the power output end of the vibrating source.
11. The grain quality screening apparatus of claims 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 or 9 wherein the screening deck is disposed obliquely to the support frame and the feed mechanism is disposed on a side of the high end of the screening deck.
12. The grain quality inspection and selection device according to claim 11, wherein the support frame is of a telescopic structure for adjusting the inclination angle of the sorting deck.
13. A method for selecting grain quality, characterized in that a grain quality selecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 12 is used, the method comprising the steps of:
and (3) feeding: placing grains in the grain storage box, driving the sorting sieve plate to vibrate through the vibration mechanism, and discharging the grains into the grain screening groove through the discharge hole and moving;
defective grain collection: shooting images of the grains through the industrial detection camera, carrying out appearance analysis and classification, and collecting the imperfect grains to the first type collecting barrel through the imperfect grain sorting mechanism if the imperfect grains belong to the imperfect grains; if the particles belong to normal particles, the next step is carried out;
normal grain collection: the normal grains sequentially pass through holes with different inner diameters on the grain screening groove and are discharged into different second-type collecting barrels through the second grain discharging port; and if the normal grains are not discharged through the second grain discharge port, discharging the normal grains into the third-class collecting barrel for collection.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the defective grain comprises mildew grain, crushed grain, insect rot grain, disease spot grain, and sprouting grain.
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| CN202310862376.2A CN116921236A (en) | 2023-07-13 | 2023-07-13 | Grain quality sorting device and method |
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| CN202310862376.2A CN116921236A (en) | 2023-07-13 | 2023-07-13 | Grain quality sorting device and method |
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