CN116906529A - Four-wheel drive limited slip differential with electric control differential lock - Google Patents

Four-wheel drive limited slip differential with electric control differential lock Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116906529A
CN116906529A CN202310782673.6A CN202310782673A CN116906529A CN 116906529 A CN116906529 A CN 116906529A CN 202310782673 A CN202310782673 A CN 202310782673A CN 116906529 A CN116906529 A CN 116906529A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
differential
differential mechanism
wheel drive
shell
wheel
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Pending
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CN202310782673.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张宇荣
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Wenling Huaxin Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
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Wenling Huaxin Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
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Priority to CN202310782673.6A priority Critical patent/CN116906529A/en
Publication of CN116906529A publication Critical patent/CN116906529A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/20—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
    • F16H48/22—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using friction clutches or brakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/16—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
    • B60K17/165—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing provided between independent half axles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/16—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
    • B60K17/20—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing in which the differential movement is limited
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B60K17/344—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear
    • B60K17/346—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear the transfer gear being a differential gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/08—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion comprising bevel gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/20—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
    • F16H48/24—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using positive clutches or brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/20—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
    • F16H48/30—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using externally-actuatable means
    • F16H48/34—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using externally-actuatable means using electromagnetic or electric actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/38—Constructional details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/38—Constructional details
    • F16H48/40—Constructional details characterised by features of the rotating cases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/029—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein characterised by means for sealing the gearboxes, e.g. to improve airtightness
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/037—Gearboxes for accommodating differential gearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/20—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
    • F16H48/30—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using externally-actuatable means
    • F16H48/34—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using externally-actuatable means using electromagnetic or electric actuators
    • F16H2048/346—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using externally-actuatable means using electromagnetic or electric actuators using a linear motor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a four-wheel drive limited slip differential with a motor differential lock, which belongs to the technical field of differentials and comprises a differential shell, an inner shell, a planetary gear train, a four-wheel drive clutch piece, a four-wheel drive actuator, a locking clutch piece and a locking actuator; the inner shell is rotatably supported in the differential mechanism outer shell, the planetary gear train is connected with the inner shell, the four-wheel drive actuator can drive the four-wheel drive clutch to act so that the differential mechanism outer shell and the inner shell are combined to realize the switching from two-wheel drive to four-wheel drive, and the locking actuator can drive the locking clutch to act so that the differential mechanism outer shell and the right half shaft gear are combined to realize the differential locking; the novel differential mechanism further comprises a limited slip friction plate set arranged between the differential mechanism shell and the right half shaft gear, and a pre-tightening spring is arranged between the left end face of the right half shaft gear and the planetary wheel shaft. The differential mechanism has high integration level and small volume, can realize the two-drive four-drive switching and differential locking functions, and can meet the requirements of quick bending and low difficulty escape without switching operation.

Description

Four-wheel drive limited slip differential with electric control differential lock
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of differentials, in particular to a four-wheel drive limited slip differential with a motor differential lock.
Background
At present, with the rapid development of vehicle technology, two-drive and four-drive vehicles are more and more popular, and a differential axle capable of simultaneously realizing two-drive and four-drive switching and differential locking functions is more and more available. As disclosed in chinese patent CN201210564721.6, a differential front axle device with two-drive and four-drive for an all-terrain vehicle is disclosed, wherein a two-drive and four-drive shifting fork assembly driven by a two-drive and four-drive switching solenoid valve pushes a two-drive and four-drive switching disc, so that a bevel gear assembly meshed with an output bevel gear is connected with an input shaft assembly; the input shaft assembly is connected with the front axle universal joint to realize four-wheel drive operation; the differential shifting fork assembly driven by the differential switching electromagnetic valve pushes the differential switching disc, so that the right front wheel ball cage, the differential mechanism assembly and the left front wheel ball cage are connected through the differential switching disc to realize differential locking; the differential mechanism assembly is arranged in a front axle box body connected with the front axle cover. The two-drive four-drive differential front axle device of the all-terrain vehicle has the two-drive four-drive switching and differential switching functions, is simple in structure and reliable in operation, so that the usability of the all-terrain vehicle is improved, and the driving is facilitated.
The two-wheel drive four-wheel drive differential axle device has the defects of large volume, complex structure, low integration level and high manufacturing cost on the one hand, on the other hand, under the condition that four-wheel drive working conditions are rapidly over-bent or low in difficulty and get rid of poverty, one side wheel is separated from the ground or slips, if free differential can cause power transmission to the driving wheel and cannot be rapidly over-bent or even get rid of poverty, if the two-wheel drive four-wheel drive differential axle device is switched to a locking state, the problem that the driving force of the other side wheel is insufficient can be solved, but the differential lock can influence the stability of a vehicle during locking and unlocking, meanwhile, the use of the differential lock has high requirements on driving technology and operation, the vehicle is easily damaged mechanically due to improper operation, and the differential lock is more suitable for the condition of high difficulty and getting rid of poverty. Therefore, it is urgently required to design a vehicle with small volume and high integration level, and the requirements of vehicle stability and low operation difficulty in rapid bending and low difficulty escape can be met on the premise of realizing the two-drive four-drive switching and differential locking functions.
Disclosure of Invention
The four-wheel drive limited slip differential with the electric control differential lock has the advantages that the four-wheel drive limited slip differential with the electric control differential lock is small in size and high in integration level, and on the premise that two-wheel drive four-wheel drive switching and differential locking functions can be achieved, the requirements of quick over-bending and low difficulty in escaping can be met without switching operation, and the dynamic performance, the trafficability and the operability of the whole vehicle are remarkably improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a take four drive limit slip differential of automatically controlled differential lock, includes the differential mechanism shell, and the differential mechanism shell rotationally holds and locates in the axle reducing gear box, has linked firmly drive gear outward, with wear to locate the input gear axle meshing transmission in the reducing gear box, be equipped with left side axle gear, right side axle gear, planetary axle in the differential mechanism shell to and install in planetary axle on and respectively with left and right side axle gear meshing simultaneously planetary gear, its characterized in that:
an inner shell is arranged in the differential mechanism shell, the inner shell is rotatably supported on the inner peripheral wall of the differential mechanism shell, the planetary wheel shafts and the planetary gears are arranged in the inner shell, and the planetary wheel shafts are fixed with the inner shell; a four-wheel drive clutch member is arranged between the differential mechanism outer shell and the inner shell, and a four-wheel drive actuator is arranged on the left side of the differential mechanism outer shell and can drive the four-wheel drive clutch member to act so as to enable the differential mechanism outer shell to be combined with the inner shell;
a locking clutch piece is arranged between the differential mechanism shell and the right half-shaft gear, and a locking actuator is arranged on the right side of the differential mechanism shell and can drive the locking clutch piece to act so as to enable the differential mechanism shell to be combined with the right half-shaft gear;
a group of limited slip friction plate groups are further arranged between the differential mechanism shell and the right half shaft gear, each limited slip friction plate group comprises a plurality of driving friction plates and driven friction plates which are arranged at intervals, each driving friction plate is connected with the right half shaft gear, and each driven friction plate is connected with the differential mechanism shell; a pre-tightening spring is arranged between the left end face of the right half-shaft gear and the planetary wheel shaft, and axial pressure is applied to the right half-shaft gear.
When two-drive switching and four-drive are needed, the four-drive actuator is controlled to act so that the differential mechanism outer shell is combined with the inner shell, and power is transmitted to the left wheel and the right wheel of the driven axle from the input gear shaft through the differential mechanism outer shell, the inner shell and the planetary gear train, so that four-drive is realized; when the left wheel and the right wheel of the driven axle are required to be locked under the four-wheel driving working condition, the locking actuator is controlled to act so that the differential mechanism shell is combined with the right half-axle gear, and then the left half-axle gear, the right half-axle gear and the differential mechanism shell synchronously rotate, so that locking is realized; when the four-wheel drive working condition is rapidly over-bent or low in difficulty and is out of the order, the right half shaft gear can push the driving friction plate and the driven friction plate of the limited slip friction plate group to be mutually compressed under the axial pressure exerted by the pre-tightening spring, so that the rotating speed difference of wheels on the left side and the right side is limited, good driving force is provided for the wheels on the other side, which do not slip, rapid over-bending or rapid out of the order is guaranteed, the driver is not required to operate, and the stability of the vehicle is not influenced.
The two-drive four-drive switching structure, the differential locking structure and the limited slip structure are integrated in the differential mechanism, so that the integrated level is high, the structure is compact, the size is small, and the dynamic property, the trafficability and the operability of the whole vehicle can be remarkably improved.
Further, in the four-wheel drive limited slip differential with the electric differential lock, the four-wheel drive clutch member is arranged in a left axial space between the differential housing and the inner housing, and the four-wheel drive clutch member is fixed and axially movable relative to the differential housing in the circumferential direction; the left end face of the four-wheel drive clutch piece is provided with a plurality of axial lugs which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the positions of the differential mechanism shell corresponding to the axial lugs are provided with through holes with the same number, and the axial lugs penetrate through the through holes so as to enable the four-wheel drive clutch piece to be circumferentially fixed with the differential mechanism shell; a circle of end teeth I are arranged on the right end face of the four-wheel drive clutch piece, and the left end face of the inner shell is provided with end teeth II matched with the end teeth I; the four-wheel drive clutch piece moves axially to the right until the first end tooth is meshed with the second end tooth, so that the differential mechanism outer shell is combined with the inner shell, and a first reset spring is arranged between the four-wheel drive clutch piece and the differential mechanism outer shell.
Further, in the four-wheel-drive limited slip differential with the electric differential lock, the four-wheel-drive actuator comprises a concave wheel disc and a first electromagnet which are sequentially arranged outside the left side of the differential shell; the concave wheel disc is axially fixed and circumferentially rotatable relative to the differential mechanism shell, the right end face of the concave wheel disc is provided with concave parts with the number and the positions matched with those of the axial lugs, the axial depth of each concave part is changed along the circumferential direction, the end part of each axial lug is provided with a convex part, and the concave wheel disc rotates relative to the four-wheel-drive clutch part to enable the convex parts to move and climb along the circumferential direction of the concave parts so as to drive the four-wheel-drive clutch part to axially move right to be meshed with the inner shell; the first electromagnet is fixed with the axle reduction box and comprises a first solenoid coil, and the concave wheel disc can be attracted by the energizing of the first solenoid coil to rotate relative to the four-wheel-drive clutch. The four-wheel drive actuator adopts the cooperation of electromagnetic actuation and relative rotation actuation to realize the secondary transmission force application, obtains larger thrust with lower power consumption necessary for controlling the first electromagnet so as to overcome the acting force of the first return spring, and has the advantages of high response speed, stable and reliable performance, compact structure and small occupied space.
Further, in the four-wheel-drive limited slip differential with the electric differential lock, the protruding portion of the axial lug is a cylinder with a spherical end portion, or is in an isosceles triangle shape with a high middle and gradually lowered two sides.
Further, the four-wheel drive limited slip differential with the electric differential lock further comprises a sensor for sensing the switching position of the four-wheel drive clutch piece, and the four-wheel drive clutch piece is fixedly connected with a target element matched with the sensor. The switching position of the four-wheel drive clutch is sensed by sensing the distance between the sensor and the target element, so that the joint state of the four-wheel drive clutch and the inner shell is judged, the four-wheel drive actuator is conveniently and accurately controlled, and higher control precision is realized.
Further, in the four-wheel-drive limited slip differential with the electric differential lock, the locking clutch member is axially movable relative to the circumferential direction of the differential housing, a circle of end teeth III is arranged on the left end face of the locking clutch member, the right end face of the right half shaft gear, which is used for connecting the gear hub part of the planetary gear, is provided with end teeth IV matched with the end teeth three, the locking clutch member axially moves leftwards until the end teeth III are meshed with the end teeth IV, so that the differential housing is combined with the right half shaft gear, and a reset spring II is arranged between the locking clutch member and the right half shaft gear.
Further, in the four-wheel-drive limited slip differential with the electric control differential lock, the locking actuator comprises a second electromagnet coaxially arranged outside the right side of the differential housing and a magnetic sliding sleeve capable of axially moving relative to the second electromagnet, the second electromagnet is fixed with the axle reduction gearbox, the magnetic sliding sleeve is at least indirectly abutted with the locking clutch piece, and the magnetic sliding sleeve can be axially moved leftwards by energizing the second electromagnet to push the locking clutch piece to move leftwards. The push-type electromagnetic actuator has the advantages of large thrust, good driving load stability, compact structure and small occupied space.
Furthermore, in the four-wheel-drive limited slip differential with the electric differential lock, a plane bearing allowing the magnetic sliding sleeve and the locking clutch to rotate relatively is arranged between the magnetic sliding sleeve and the locking clutch.
Further, in the four-wheel-drive limited slip differential with the electric differential lock, the second electromagnet comprises an annular outer support, a second solenoid coil and an inner support sleeve, the second solenoid coil is arranged in the annular outer support, the inner support sleeve is arranged on the radial inner side of the annular outer support, and the magnetic sliding sleeve is axially movably arranged between the annular outer support and the inner support sleeve.
In the four-wheel-drive limited slip differential with the electric differential lock, the shaft sleeve parts of the left side shaft gear and the right side shaft gear, which are used for connecting the half shafts, extend outwards to the outside of the differential shell in an axial direction, the parts, which extend out of the differential shell, of the shaft sleeve parts are in sealing connection with shaft holes at two ends of the axle reduction box through oil seals, the axially inner end parts of the left side shaft gear and the right side shaft gear are respectively in sealing connection with a plug, and a sealing cavity is formed by the plugs, the left side shaft gear, the right side shaft gear, the oil seals and the reduction box in an enclosing mode. The structure enables the differential mechanism and the reduction gearbox to form self-sealing, lubricating oil can be added before the differential mechanism is assembled to the axle, the inside of the differential mechanism is not polluted, the lubricating oil in the differential mechanism can play a role in rust prevention, and the reduction gearbox cannot generate rust phenomenon in non-use states such as storage and transportation.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the two-wheel drive four-wheel drive switching and differential locking functions can be realized, and the rotating speed difference of the wheels at the left side and the right side can be limited when the vehicle is rapidly bent or the vehicle is difficult to get rid of, so that good driving force is provided for the wheel at the side without slipping, the rapid bending or the rapid getting rid of the vehicle is ensured, the operation of a driver is not needed, and the stability of the vehicle is not influenced;
2. the two-drive four-drive switching structure, the differential locking structure and the limited slip structure are integrated in the differential mechanism, so that the integrated level is high, the structure is compact, the size is small, and the dynamic property, the trafficability and the operability of the whole vehicle can be remarkably improved.
3. The novel energy electric vehicle has wide application range, is suitable for all-terrain vehicles, off-road vehicles, loading vehicles, agricultural vehicles and the like, can be used for manual gear, automatic gear vehicle types and new energy electric vehicles, and can be installed on front axles and rear axles and also can be used as a central differential mechanism.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a differential housing; 11. a left side gear; 12. a right side gear; 121. end teeth IV; 13. a planetary wheel shaft; 14. a planetary gear; 15. a through hole; 16. an oil seal; 17. a plug; 2. an inner housing; 21. end teeth II; 3. a four-wheel drive clutch; 31. an axial lug; 311. a convex portion; 32. an end tooth I; 4. a four-wheel drive actuator; 41. a concave wheel disc; 411. a concave portion; 42. a first electromagnet; 421. a first solenoid coil; 51. a first reset spring; 52. a second reset spring; 53. a planar bearing; 6. a target element; 7. a locking clutch; 71. end teeth III; 8. a lock actuator; 81. a magnetic sliding sleeve; 82. an annular outer support; 83. a second solenoid coil; 84. an inner support sleeve; 9. a slip limiting friction plate group; 91. and (5) pre-tightening the spring.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the four-wheel drive limited slip differential with the electric control differential lock provided in the present embodiment can be used in a driven axle of a two-wheel drive vehicle, and includes a differential housing 1, a left side gear 11, a right side gear 12, a planetary wheel shaft 13 provided in the differential housing 1, and a planetary gear 14 mounted on the planetary wheel shaft 13 and simultaneously engaged with the left and right side gears, respectively. The differential mechanism shell 1 is rotatably arranged in an axle reduction box (not shown in the figure), a transmission gear (not shown in the figure) is fixedly connected outside the differential mechanism shell 1, the transmission gear is meshed with an input gear shaft (not shown in the figure) penetrating through the reduction box for transmission, and the input gear shaft is connected with a power source of a vehicle. The differential mechanism shell 1 is internally provided with an inner shell 2, the inner shell 2 is rotatably supported on the inner peripheral wall of the differential mechanism shell 1, the planetary wheel shafts 13 and the planetary gears 14 are arranged in the inner shell 2, and the planetary wheel shafts 13 are fixed with the inner shell 2, specifically: the planetary wheel shaft 13 is a cross shaft, four planetary gears 14 are respectively rotatably sleeved on four shaft necks of the planetary wheel shaft 13, four holes are formed in the inner shell 2, and the end parts of the four shaft necks of the planetary wheel shaft 13 correspondingly penetrate into the four holes and are fixed with the inner shell 2.
In order to realize the two-drive and four-drive switching function, a four-drive clutch piece 3 is arranged between the differential mechanism shell 1 and the inner shell 2, a four-drive actuator 4 is arranged on the left side of the differential mechanism shell 1, and the four-drive actuator 4 can drive the four-drive clutch piece 3 to act so as to enable the differential mechanism shell 1 to be combined with the inner shell 2, thereby realizing the two-drive to four-drive switching.
The four-wheel-drive clutch member 3 is disposed in a left axial space between the differential housing 1 and the inner housing 2, and the four-wheel-drive clutch member 3 is axially movable relative to the circumferential fixation of the differential housing 1, specifically: the left end face of the four-wheel drive clutch 3 is provided with a plurality of axial lugs 31 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the positions of the differential housing 1 corresponding to the axial lugs 31 are provided with through holes 15 with the same number, and the axial lugs 31 penetrate through the through holes 15 so as to fix the four-wheel drive clutch 3 and the differential housing 1 in the circumferential direction. The number of the axial lugs 31 and the through holes 15 is at least 3, and in this embodiment, the number of the axial lugs 31 and the through holes 15 is 4. The right end face of the four-wheel drive clutch 3 is provided with a circle of first end teeth 32, the left end face of the inner shell 2 is provided with second end teeth 21 matched with the first end teeth 32, and the four-wheel drive clutch 3 moves axially to the right until the first end teeth 32 are meshed with the second end teeth 21, so that the differential mechanism outer shell 1 and the inner shell 2 are combined. A first return spring 51 is further arranged between the four-wheel drive clutch 3 and the differential housing 1, and specifically: the inner side wall of the left end of the differential mechanism shell 1 is provided with a convex ring protruding inwards in the axial direction, a first return spring 51 is sleeved between the outer peripheral wall of the convex ring and the four-wheel-drive clutch piece 3, a spring retainer ring is embedded on the outer peripheral wall of the convex ring, an axial lug 31 of the four-wheel-drive clutch piece 3 is provided with a radial protrusion arranged along the inner periphery of the four-wheel-drive clutch piece 3, one end of the first return spring 51 is abutted against the spring retainer ring, the other end of the first return spring is abutted against the radial protrusion, and the first return spring 51 always exerts an axial force on the four-wheel-drive clutch piece 3 far away from the inner shell 2.
The four-wheel drive actuator 4 includes a roulette plate 41 and a first electromagnet 42 which are sequentially provided outside the left side of the differential case 1. The concave wheel disc 41 is axially fixed and circumferentially rotatable relative to the differential housing 1, the right end face of the concave wheel disc 41 is provided with concave parts 411 which are matched with the axial lugs 31 in number and position, the axial depth of the concave parts 411 is changed along the circumferential direction, the end part of each axial lug 31 is provided with a convex part 311, and the convex part 311 is a cylinder with spherical end parts or is in an isosceles triangle shape with two gradually lower sides in the middle high circumferential direction. The first electromagnet 42 is fixed with the axle reduction gearbox, and comprises a first solenoid coil 421, one wire stretches into the reduction gearbox and is electrically connected with the first solenoid coil 421, the first solenoid coil 421 can attract the concave wheel disc 41 to enable the concave wheel disc 41 to rotate relative to the four-wheel-drive clutch piece 3 when being electrified, so that the convex part 311 of the axial lug 31 moves and climbs along the circumferential direction of the concave part 411 of the concave wheel disc 41 to drive the four-wheel-drive clutch piece 3 to move axially to the right to be meshed with the inner shell 2, and finally, the two-wheel-drive to four-wheel-drive switching is realized.
The differential is also provided with a sensor (not shown in the figure) for sensing the switching position of the four-wheel drive clutch 3, and the four-wheel drive clutch 3 is fixedly connected with a target element 6 matched with the sensor. The switching position of the four-wheel drive clutch 3 is sensed by sensing the distance between the sensor and the target element 6, so that the switching state of the two-wheel drive and the four-wheel drive is judged.
In order to realize the differential locking function, a locking clutch piece 7 is arranged between the differential housing 1 and the right side shaft gear 12, a locking actuator 8 is arranged on the right side of the differential housing 1, and the locking actuator 8 can drive the locking clutch piece 7 to act so as to enable the differential housing 1 to be combined with the right side shaft gear 12, thereby realizing differential locking.
Wherein the locking clutch 7 is axially movable relative to the differential housing 1 in a circumferentially fixed manner, in particular: the locking clutch 7 is connected with the differential case 1 through a spline, and the locking clutch and the differential case synchronously rotate. The left end face of the locking clutch member 7 is provided with a circle of third end tooth 71, the right side shaft gear 12 is used for being connected with the right end face of the tooth hub part of the planetary gear 14, the right end face of the tooth hub part is provided with fourth end tooth 121 matched with the third end tooth 71, and the locking clutch member 7 moves axially leftwards until the third end tooth 71 is meshed with the fourth end tooth 121, so that the differential case 1 is combined with the right side shaft gear 12. A second return spring 52 is arranged between the locking clutch 7 and the right side gear 12, and the second return spring 52 always applies an axial force to the resulting clutch away from the right side gear 12.
The locking actuator 8 includes a second electromagnet coaxially provided outside the right side of the differential case 1 and a magnetic sliding sleeve 81 axially movable with respect to the second electromagnet. The second electromagnet is fixed with the axle reduction gearbox, and the second electromagnet comprises an annular outer support 82, a second solenoid coil 83 and an inner supporting sleeve 84, wherein the second solenoid coil 83 is arranged in the annular outer support 82, a wire stretches into the reduction gearbox to be electrically connected with the second solenoid coil 83, and the inner supporting sleeve 84 is arranged on the radial inner side of the annular outer support 82. The magnetic sliding sleeve 81 is axially movably arranged between the annular outer bracket 82 and the inner supporting sleeve 84, the magnetic sliding sleeve 81 is at least indirectly abutted against the locking clutch member 7, and in the embodiment, a plane bearing 53 which allows the magnetic sliding sleeve 81 and the locking clutch member 7 to rotate relatively is arranged between the magnetic sliding sleeve 81 and the locking clutch member 7. Energizing the second solenoid 83 causes the magnetic sliding sleeve 81 to move axially leftwards, pushing the lock-up clutch 7 to move leftwards to be combined with the right side gear 12, and finally realizing differential locking.
In order to limit the rotation speed difference of the wheels at the left side and the right side when the vehicle is rapidly bent or the vehicle is difficult to get rid of difficulty, a group of slip limiting friction plate groups 9 are further arranged between the differential case 1 and the right side gear 12, each slip limiting friction plate group comprises a plurality of driving friction plates and driven friction plates which are arranged at intervals, each driving friction plate is connected with the right side gear 12, and each driven friction plate is connected with the differential case 1. A pre-tightening spring 91 is provided between the left end face of the right side gear 12 and the planetary wheel shaft 13, and applies axial pressure to the right side gear 12. When the four-wheel drive working condition is rapidly over-bent or low in difficulty and is out of the way, the right half-shaft gear 12 can push the driving friction plate and the driven friction plate of the limited slip friction plate group 9 to be mutually compressed under the axial pressure exerted by the pre-tightening spring 91, so that the rotating speed difference of wheels on the left side and the right side is limited, good driving force is provided for the wheels on the other side, which are not slipped, and the rapid over-bending or rapid out of the way is ensured.
In order to realize self-sealing of the differential and the reduction gearbox, shaft sleeve parts of the left side shaft gear 11 and the right side shaft gear 12 for connecting the half shafts extend outwards to the outside of the differential shell 1 in the axial direction, the parts of the shaft sleeve parts extending out of the differential shell 1 are in sealing connection with shaft holes (not shown in the drawing) at two ends of the axle reduction gearbox through oil seals 16, plugs 17 are respectively and hermetically connected with the axially inner ends of the left side shaft gear and the right side shaft gear, and sealing cavities are formed by the plugs 17, the left side shaft gear 11, the right side shaft gear 12, the oil seals 16 and the reduction gearbox in an enclosing mode.
It should be understood that various other corresponding changes and modifications can be made by one skilled in the art according to the technical concept of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a take four drive limit slip differential of automatically controlled differential lock, includes the differential mechanism shell, and the differential mechanism shell rotationally holds and locates in the axle reducing gear box, has linked firmly drive gear outward, with wear to locate the input gear axle meshing transmission in the reducing gear box, be equipped with left side axle gear, right side axle gear, planetary axle in the differential mechanism shell to and install in planetary axle on and respectively with left and right side axle gear meshing simultaneously planetary gear, its characterized in that:
an inner shell is arranged in the differential mechanism shell, the inner shell is rotatably supported on the inner peripheral wall of the differential mechanism shell, the planetary wheel shafts and the planetary gears are arranged in the inner shell, and the planetary wheel shafts are fixed with the inner shell; a four-wheel drive clutch member is arranged between the differential mechanism outer shell and the inner shell, and a four-wheel drive actuator is arranged on the left side of the differential mechanism outer shell and can drive the four-wheel drive clutch member to act so as to enable the differential mechanism outer shell to be combined with the inner shell;
a locking clutch piece is arranged between the differential mechanism shell and the right half-shaft gear, and a locking actuator is arranged on the right side of the differential mechanism shell and can drive the locking clutch piece to act so as to enable the differential mechanism shell to be combined with the right half-shaft gear;
a group of limited slip friction plate groups are further arranged between the differential mechanism shell and the right half shaft gear, each limited slip friction plate group comprises a plurality of driving friction plates and driven friction plates which are arranged at intervals, each driving friction plate is connected with the right half shaft gear, and each driven friction plate is connected with the differential mechanism shell; a pre-tightening spring is arranged between the left end face of the right half-shaft gear and the planetary wheel shaft, and axial pressure is applied to the right half-shaft gear.
2. The four-wheel drive limited slip differential with a motor differential lock according to claim 1, wherein: the four-wheel drive clutch piece is arranged in the left axial space of the differential mechanism shell and the inner shell, and is fixed and axially movable relative to the circumferential direction of the differential mechanism shell; the left end face of the four-wheel drive clutch piece is provided with a plurality of axial lugs which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the positions of the differential mechanism shell corresponding to the axial lugs are provided with through holes with the same number, and the axial lugs penetrate through the through holes so as to enable the four-wheel drive clutch piece to be circumferentially fixed with the differential mechanism shell; a circle of end teeth I are arranged on the right end face of the four-wheel drive clutch piece, and the left end face of the inner shell is provided with end teeth II matched with the end teeth I; the four-wheel drive clutch piece moves axially to the right until the first end tooth is meshed with the second end tooth, so that the differential mechanism outer shell is combined with the inner shell, and a first reset spring is arranged between the four-wheel drive clutch piece and the differential mechanism outer shell.
3. The four-wheel drive limited slip differential with a motor differential lock according to claim 2, wherein: the four-wheel drive actuator comprises a concave wheel disc and a first electromagnet which are sequentially arranged outside the left side of the differential mechanism shell;
the concave wheel disc is axially fixed and circumferentially rotatable relative to the differential mechanism shell, the right end face of the concave wheel disc is provided with concave parts with the number and the positions matched with those of the axial lugs, the axial depth of each concave part is changed along the circumferential direction, the end part of each axial lug is provided with a convex part, and the concave wheel disc rotates relative to the four-wheel-drive clutch part to enable the convex parts to move and climb along the circumferential direction of the concave parts so as to drive the four-wheel-drive clutch part to axially move right to be meshed with the inner shell;
the first electromagnet is fixed with the axle reduction box and comprises a first solenoid coil, and the concave wheel disc can be attracted by the energizing of the first solenoid coil to rotate relative to the four-wheel-drive clutch.
4. A four-wheel drive limited slip differential with a motor differential lock according to claim 3, wherein: the convex part of the axial lug is a cylinder with a spherical end part or an isosceles triangle with a middle part higher and two sides gradually lower.
5. The four-drive limited slip differential with a controlled differential lock according to claim 2 or 3 or 4, wherein: the four-wheel drive clutch comprises a four-wheel drive clutch body, and is characterized by further comprising a sensor for sensing the switching position of the four-wheel drive clutch body, wherein a target element matched with the sensor is fixedly connected to the four-wheel drive clutch body.
6. The four-wheel drive limited slip differential with a motor differential lock according to claim 1, wherein: the locking clutch piece is axially movable relative to the circumferential fixation of the differential mechanism shell, a circle of end teeth III is arranged on the left end face of the locking clutch piece, an end tooth IV matched with the end teeth in a three-phase mode is arranged on the right end face of the tooth hub portion of the right half shaft gear for connecting a planetary gear, the locking clutch piece axially moves leftwards until the end teeth III are meshed with the end teeth IV, the differential mechanism shell can be combined with the right half shaft gear, and a reset spring II is arranged between the locking clutch piece and the right half shaft gear.
7. The four-wheel drive limited slip differential with a motor differential lock as defined in claim 6, wherein: the locking actuator comprises a second electromagnet and a magnetic sliding sleeve, wherein the second electromagnet is coaxially arranged outside the right side of the differential mechanism shell, the magnetic sliding sleeve can axially move relative to the second electromagnet, the second electromagnet is fixed with the axle reduction gearbox, the magnetic sliding sleeve is at least indirectly abutted with the locking clutch piece, and the magnetic sliding sleeve can be axially moved leftwards by energizing the second electromagnet to push the locking clutch piece to move leftwards.
8. The four-wheel drive limited slip differential with a motor differential lock as defined in claim 7, wherein: and a plane bearing which allows the magnetic sliding sleeve and the locking clutch to rotate relatively is arranged between the magnetic sliding sleeve and the locking clutch.
9. The four-drive limited slip differential with a motor differential lock according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: the second electromagnet comprises an annular outer support, a second solenoid coil and an inner support sleeve, the second solenoid coil is arranged in the annular outer support, the inner support sleeve is arranged on the radial inner side of the annular outer support, and the magnetic sliding sleeve is axially movably arranged between the annular outer support and the inner support sleeve.
10. The four-wheel drive limited slip differential with a motor differential lock according to claim 1, wherein: the axle sleeve parts of the left axle shaft gear and the right axle shaft gear for connecting the axle shafts extend outwards to the outside of the differential mechanism shell in an axial direction, the parts of the axle sleeve parts extending out of the differential mechanism shell are in sealing connection with axle holes at two ends of the axle reduction box through oil seals, plugs are respectively and hermetically connected with the inner ends of the left axle shaft gear and the right axle shaft gear in an axial direction, and sealing cavities are formed by the plugs, the left axle shaft gear, the right axle shaft gear, the oil seals and the reduction box in an enclosing mode.
CN202310782673.6A 2023-06-29 2023-06-29 Four-wheel drive limited slip differential with electric control differential lock Pending CN116906529A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310782673.6A CN116906529A (en) 2023-06-29 2023-06-29 Four-wheel drive limited slip differential with electric control differential lock

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310782673.6A CN116906529A (en) 2023-06-29 2023-06-29 Four-wheel drive limited slip differential with electric control differential lock

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116906529A true CN116906529A (en) 2023-10-20

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202310782673.6A Pending CN116906529A (en) 2023-06-29 2023-06-29 Four-wheel drive limited slip differential with electric control differential lock

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116906529A (en)

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