CN116905964B

CN116905964B - Rectangular pile mechanical hole forming method capable of reaming and asynchronous drilling and digging with haunching horizontal cantilever

Info

Publication number: CN116905964B
Application number: CN202311091220.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵璐; 黄昌富
Original assignee: China Railway 15th Bureau Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Railway 15th Bureau Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-08-29
Filing date: 2023-08-29
Publication date: 2026-04-14
Anticipated expiration: 2043-08-29
Also published as: CN116905964A

Abstract

The invention discloses a reaming asynchronous type rectangular pile mechanical hole forming method with a haunched horizontal cantilever, which comprises the steps of combining a plurality of drilling machines to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the size of a rectangular pile hole, sequentially arranging a slag processing mechanism, haunched drilling components, a horizontal drilling component and a vertical drilling device on each drilling machine from top to bottom, controlling the vertical drilling devices on all the drilling machines to vertically drill down a stratum until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever, starting the haunched drilling components on the drilling machines which are arranged close to the haunched hole and the excavation part of the horizontal cantilever pile hole, controlling a horizontal hydraulic cylinder to drive the horizontal drilling device to horizontally move outwards to drill the stratum until the design depth of the rectangular pile hole is formed, and continuously controlling the vertical drilling devices on all the drilling machines to vertically drill down the stratum until the design depth of the rectangular pile hole to form a built-in section of the rectangular pile hole. The rectangular pile hole drilling machine has the advantages that according to different sizes of rectangular pile holes, corresponding number of drilling machines which form a rectangular structure are arranged on the rectangular anti-slide pile drilling machine so as to drill the rectangular pile holes.

Description

Rectangular pile mechanical hole forming method capable of reaming and asynchronous drilling and digging with haunching horizontal cantilever

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of anti-slide pile drilling machine equipment, and particularly relates to a reaming asynchronous rectangular pile mechanical hole forming method for drilling a horizontal cantilever with a haunch.

Background

In the projects such as side slope support, roadbed construction, foundation pit excavation, tunnel entrance and exit construction and the like, the slide-resistant pile is the most effective measure capable of transmitting the side thrust of a rock-soil body into a stable stratum below a sliding surface, resisting the side thrust and treating the projects and geological disasters. The slide-resistant piles are divided into rectangular section slide-resistant piles and circular section slide-resistant piles. The rectangular anti-skid pile has the advantages of high lateral rigidity, high single pile bearing capacity and the like, and can effectively enhance the anti-skid force and improve the anti-skid coefficient. Therefore, rectangular-section slide piles are widely used in various engineering fields. The traditional rectangular section slide-resistant pile has a larger section and can not fully utilize the strength of rock-soil mass in front of the pile. For the anti-slide pile with the horizontal cantilever structure, the horizontal cantilever can fully utilize the strength of rock and soil mass in front of the pile, so that the anti-slide capacity of the anti-slide pile is improved, but the hole forming difficulty of a horizontal cantilever pile hole of the rectangular anti-slide pile with the horizontal cantilever is extremely high. And traditional rectangular section slide-resistant pile adopts artifical excavation and mechanical excavation mode generally, and the collapse that artifical hole pile construction caused accounts for 65% of the total number of collapse accident to inefficiency, with high costs, mechanical excavation is safer high-efficient. Therefore, the mechanical drilling of pile holes with the horizontal cantilever rectangular anti-slide piles in the rock and soil layers has important significance for ensuring the safety of constructors and improving the efficiency.

At present, rectangular anti-slide pile drilling machine equipment and mechanical excavation modes are various, for example:

The patent number CN 106836354A 'rectangular anti-slide pile mechanical pore-forming device' is characterized in that a rectangular shovel head is formed by a plurality of cutting blades, and a counterweight or a hydraulic propulsion device is arranged at the rear end of the shovel head to drill rectangular pile holes. The patent number CN 103244053A 'rectangular drilling machine' mainly drives T-shaped cutter heads uniformly distributed at the lower parts of two steel frames to move in opposite directions and reciprocate through two cam bodies, and cuts soil into rectangular holes.

The patent number CN 104533300A rectangular drilling machine is characterized in that a conical drill bit is arranged at the bottom of a rectangular transmission case, cross long cutters are arranged on four sides of the rectangular transmission case, the conical drill bit drills to form a circular pile hole, and then the circular pile hole is trimmed into a rectangular pile hole through rotary cutting of the cross long cutters.

The patent No. CN 207715083U, a rectangular anti-slide pile hole-forming drilling machine, mainly sets a round drilling cylinder and a rectangular drilling cylinder at the bottom of a drill rod, the round drilling cylinder is screwed into a round pile hole, and then soil around the round pile hole is cut through the rectangular drilling cylinder to form a rectangular pile hole.

The patent number CN 105951798A, a rectangular drilling machine, mainly uses a motor to drive four concave waist cylinders with stirring blades to cut soil body, and drills rectangular pile holes.

The existing drilling machine mainly forms vertical rectangular pile holes in a rock-soil body. But has the following problems that (1) a rectangular anti-slide pile hole with a haunched horizontal cantilever structure cannot be drilled in a rock soil body, and (2) other machines (grab buckets) or auxiliary measures (a mud positive circulation deslagging method) are adopted to clean the slag soil in the pile hole, so that the integration level of drilling and deslagging equipment is low, the construction efficiency is low and the cost is high.

In terms of a rectangular slide pile mechanical construction method, for example:

the patent number CN 108678661A, square anti-slide pile pore-forming method and square drill bit for pore-forming, uses the round drill bit of rotary drilling machine to drill at least one row of round guiding holes along the length direction of the cross section of the square anti-slide pile pore, and the round guiding holes are connected, and the side wall of the square anti-slide pile pore is tangent with the edge of the adjacent round guiding hole, then adopts the square drill bit to sweep the pore, so that the square drill bit cuts the residual soil downwards along the contour line of the square anti-slide pile pore, and circulates in turn until the design requirement is met.

The patent No. CN110593753A, "quick mechanical drilling construction method of rectangular anti-slide pile", adopts rotary drilling round drill bit to drill the guide hole at four corners, the guide hole is drilled to the elevation of the bottom of the designed pile, then the guide hole is trimmed by using a grooving machine in three parts, three times of grab bucket construction are carried out, namely, the first time of grabbing along the guide hole of the long side of the anti-slide pile until the depth of the designed hole is reached, the second time of grabbing along the guide hole of the other long side of the anti-slide pile until the depth of the designed hole is reached, and the third time of grabbing the rest part in the middle until the depth of the designed hole is reached. If the soil is in contact with complex hard strata such as hard gingilite soil, calcareous cement layers and the like, the soil grabbing operation is stopped by the grooving machine, and the hard strata are broken by adopting a long-arm breaking hammer.

The patent number CN 110820733A 'an improved simple rectangular anti-slide pile mechanical quick hole forming construction method' mainly comprises the steps of rotary digging round pile holes twice, connecting the round pile holes, overexcavating the outline of the rectangular pile holes, and pouring the overexcavation part after placing a rectangular steel cylinder in the pile holes to form rectangular pile holes.

The patent number CN 110714460A ' a construction method for forming holes on rectangular anti-slide piles by mechanical means for reducing filling coefficients ' and the patent number CN 113605387 ' a construction method for forming holes on rectangular anti-slide piles by full mechanical means for forming holes on rectangular piles by mechanically digging round pile holes twice or more in a rotary manner, connecting or partially overlapping the round pile holes and tangential to the outlines of the rectangular pile holes, and mechanically digging slag and repairing holes on the inner periphery of the pile holes.

The patent No. CN 111691408A, "construction method of rectangular slide-resistant pile of soft rock stratum", mainly comprises the steps of firstly drilling a rectangular groove along the outline of a rectangular pile hole by a small-diameter rotary drilling tool, cutting the small-diameter pile hole tangentially with the outline of the rectangular pile hole, then drilling by a large-diameter rotary drilling tool and partially overlapping the small-diameter pile hole, and mechanically digging slag in the pile hole to repair the hole to form the rectangular pile hole.

The rectangular anti-slide pile hole with the haunched horizontal cantilever structure cannot be drilled in a rock soil body, (2) hole repairing treatment is needed by adopting other mechanical or auxiliary measures, the drilling construction efficiency is low, the cost is high, the rectangular pile hole cannot be drilled at one time, (3) the size of the pile hole in actual engineering is various, the size of the existing rectangular anti-slide pile hole forming mechanical equipment is fixed, the change of the size of the pile hole cannot be dealt with, and (4) the slag soil in the pile hole is cleaned by adopting other mechanical (grab) or auxiliary measures (a mud positive circulation slag discharging method), so that the construction cost is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a mechanical hole forming method for a rectangular pile with an axillary horizontal cantilever, which comprises the steps of combining a plurality of drilling machines to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the size of the rectangular pile hole, sequentially arranging a slag processing mechanism, an axillary drilling assembly, a horizontal drilling assembly and a vertical drilling assembly on the drilling machines from top to bottom to perform asynchronous drilling of the rectangular anti-slide pile hole with the axillary horizontal cantilever, namely, stopping the vertical drilling device after the rectangular pile hole is excavated to the designed depth of the horizontal cantilever by adopting a cylindrical drilling assembly distributed in a matrix mode, simultaneously drilling the axillary part and the rectangular pile hole with the horizontal cantilever structure by adopting the axillary drilling assembly and the horizontal drilling assembly, or outwards drilling the rectangular pile hole with the axillary drilling assembly by adopting the axillary drilling assembly, then driving the horizontal drilling assembly to horizontally elongate the rectangular pile hole with the horizontal hydraulic cylinder, or horizontally extending the horizontal drilling assembly to drill the rectangular pile hole with the horizontal cantilever structure by adopting the horizontal hydraulic cylinder driving the horizontal drilling assembly to horizontally elongate the horizontal drilling assembly, or horizontally extending the rectangular pile hole with the horizontal drilling assembly horizontally drilling assembly by adopting the horizontal hydraulic cylinder driving the horizontal drilling assembly to horizontally extending the horizontal drilling assembly, and finally drilling the rectangular pile hole with the axillary cantilever structure by adopting the axillary drilling assembly, and horizontally drilling assembly is continuously retracted after the rectangular pile hole is drilled to the rectangular pile hole with the axillary horizontal cantilever.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

A mechanical hole forming method for a reamed asynchronous type drilling rectangular pile with a haunched horizontal cantilever is characterized by comprising the following steps:

S1, combining a plurality of drilling machines according to the size of a rectangular pile hole to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the size of the rectangular pile hole, sequentially arranging a slag body treatment mechanism, a haunching drill assembly, a horizontal drill assembly and a vertical drill device on each drilling machine from top to bottom, wherein:

The haunching drill assembly comprises a haunching drill device, a rotary hydraulic cylinder, a crank hydraulic cylinder and a haunching drill reaction frame, wherein the haunching drill reaction frame is of a box-shaped structure with a lateral opening, an upper swinging plate at the lower end of the haunching drill device and a lower swinging plate on the bottom surface of the haunching drill reaction frame are in rotary connection through a connecting shaft, the rotary hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the middle part or the upper part of the haunching drill device, the crank hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the upper swinging plate through a crank shaft, and the crank shaft is positioned right below the connecting shaft;

The haunching drill device is driven by the rotary hydraulic cylinder and the crank hydraulic cylinder to outwards rotate and dig in a rotary mode to form haunched parts of the horizontal cantilever;

the horizontal drilling assembly comprises a horizontal drilling device and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder for driving the horizontal drilling device to move laterally;

The vertical drilling device comprises a plurality of cylindrical drilling components which are horizontally arranged and form a rectangular excavation surface;

S2, enabling all the haunching drill devices on the drilling machine to be located in a box space of the haunching drill reaction frame, enabling the horizontal drill devices in the horizontal drill assemblies on all the drilling machine to be in a standby state of minimum travel, and controlling all the vertical drill devices on the drilling machine to drill the stratum vertically downwards until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever so as to form a free section of the rectangular pile hole;

S3, stopping drilling of the vertical drilling devices on all drilling machines, starting the haunching drilling assemblies on the drilling machines, which are arranged close to the haunching holes and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation parts, and gradually rotating outwards by taking the connecting shaft as a rotation center and simultaneously drilling stratum until the haunching drilling devices rotate from a vertical state to a horizontal state under the driving of the rotating hydraulic cylinder and the crank hydraulic cylinder so as to form the haunching holes;

S4, controlling the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling machine, which is arranged close to the haunched hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, to drive the horizontal drilling device to horizontally move outwards to drill the stratum to the designed length so as to form the horizontal cantilever pile hole;

s5, retracting the horizontal drilling device on the drilling machine, which is arranged close to the haunched hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, to a minimum stroke, stopping working, enabling the haunched drilling device to rotate and reset to a vertical state, and continuously controlling all the vertical drilling devices on the drilling machine to vertically drill down the stratum to the designed depth of the rectangular pile hole so as to form a built-in section of the rectangular pile hole.

In step S1, selecting a connection form between the drilling machine and a drill carriage positioned on the ground according to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole, wherein the connection form is connected through a vertical drill rod or connected through a cable;

If the design depth of the rectangular pile hole is within the length range of the vertical drilling rod, the vertical drilling rod is arranged on the drill carriage, and the lower end of the vertical drilling rod is connected with the drilling machine;

And if the design depth of the rectangular pile hole exceeds the length of the vertical drilling rod, arranging the cable on the drill carriage, and hoisting the drilling machine at the lower end of the cable.

The drill carriage comprises a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel upright post, a pull rod, a hinged shaft, a guide rail, a sliding block and a steel cantilever beam, wherein the steel upright post is vertically arranged on the vehicle-mounted platform, the upper end of the pull rod is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright post, the lower end of the pull rod is hinged with the hinged shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform, the guide rail is vertically arranged and fixed along the steel upright post, the sliding block is slidably assembled on the guide rail, and the steel cantilever beam is fixed on the sliding block;

when the drill carriage is connected with the drilling machine by adopting the vertical drill rod, a rotating motor is arranged on the steel cantilever and drives the vertical drill rod to rotate;

When the drill carriage is connected with the drilling machine through the cable, a set of hoisting motors are fixedly arranged on the steel cantilever beam and drive the cable to hoist the drilling machine in the vertical direction, and a cable bracket is fixedly arranged below the steel cantilever beam.

In step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling machine is an earthen stratum;

the slag body treatment mechanism comprises a stirring device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system and a grouting system;

The stirring device comprises a stirring box and a stirring mechanism, wherein a slag suction port, a slag discharge port and a slurry inlet are formed in the stirring box, the stirring mechanism comprises a main gear and a plurality of auxiliary gears which are meshed with the main gear for transmission, the main gear is driven by the lower end of a vertical drill rod or driven by a stirring motor, a stirring main rotating shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the main gear, stirring blades are arranged on the stirring main rotating shaft, a stirring auxiliary rotating shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the auxiliary gear, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft;

the slag sucking system comprises a slag sucking main pipe, a vertical slag sucking branch pipe, a horizontal slag sucking branch pipe and an armpit slag sucking branch pipe, wherein the vertical slag sucking branch pipe, the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe and the armpit slag sucking branch pipe are branched from a suction port of the slag sucking main pipe; the slag sucking port of the stirring box is connected with the slag sucking main pipe, the crushing device is arranged between the slag sucking main pipe and the slag sucking port, the crushing device comprises a fan for sucking and a crushing cutter for crushing mud slag, the suction head of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe is connected into the vertical drilling device, the suction head of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe is connected into the horizontal drilling assembly, the suction head of the haunching slag sucking branch pipe is connected into the haunching drilling assembly, slag sucking valves are arranged at the suction head, and the pipe bodies of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe and the haunching slag sucking branch pipe adopt telescopic pipes;

The grouting system comprises a grouting main pipe and a grouting pump arranged on the grouting main pipe, wherein one port of the grouting main pipe is communicated with a grouting port on the stirring box so as to send slurry into the stirring box;

the slag discharging system comprises a slag discharging pipe and a slag discharging pump arranged on the slag discharging pipe, and one port of the slag discharging pipe is communicated with a slag discharging port on the stirring box so as to pump sludge in the stirring box to the ground for collection.

The vertical drilling device comprises a U-shaped fork plate and a plurality of cylindrical drilling components arranged on the U-shaped fork plate, wherein the cylindrical drilling components are distributed in a matrix, the U-shaped fork plate consists of a web plate, wing plates arranged on two sides of the web plate and steel supports vertically welded on the web plate, the cylindrical drilling components comprise two cylinders, a plurality of stirring knife components uniformly arranged on the surfaces of the cylinders and a motor for driving the cylinders to rotate, the stirring knife components consist of a stirring knife base and stirring knives obliquely fixed on the stirring knife base, a rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the cylinders and is correspondingly arranged in rotating shaft holes of the wing plates on two sides of the U-shaped fork plate, and the steel supports are welded on a motor shell;

the horizontal drilling assembly further comprises a horizontal drilling reaction frame which is of a box-shaped structure with an opening in the lateral direction, wherein the upper surface of the horizontal drilling reaction frame is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the haunching drilling reaction frame, and the lower surface of the horizontal drilling reaction frame is fixedly connected with the U-shaped fork plate of the vertical drilling device;

The haunching drill counter-force frame comprises a haunching hydraulic counter-force plate, a haunching hydraulic upper side plate arranged at the upper end of the haunching hydraulic counter-force plate, haunching hydraulic lower side plates arranged at the lower end of the haunching hydraulic counter-force plate and haunching hydraulic side guard plates arranged at the two sides of the haunching hydraulic counter-force plate, the rear end of a cylinder barrel of the rotary hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the haunching hydraulic counter-force plate through a hinged support, the rear end of a cylinder barrel of the crank hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the haunching hydraulic counter-force plate through the hinged support, the upper swing plate is semicircular, and the haunching drill device comprises a haunching drill web, haunching drill wing plates arranged at the two sides of the haunching drill web, and a plurality of haunching cylindrical drill assemblies, wherein the haunching cylindrical drill assemblies are distributed along a vertical surface and a top surface at intervals.

In the step S2 and the step S5, in the process of vertically downwards drilling the soil stratum by the vertical drilling devices on all drilling machines, closing slag sucking valves at the suction heads of the haunching slag sucking branch pipes and the horizontal slag sucking branch pipes, and opening the slag sucking valves at the suction heads of the vertical slag sucking branch pipes to suck the crushed sludge of the vertical drilling devices into the crushing devices, wherein the crushing devices crush the sucked sludge for the second time and then send the crushed sludge into the stirring box for stirring, and the grouting system pumps mud into the stirring box in real time to be mixed with the sludge;

In the step S3, in the process that the haunching device on the drilling machine, which is arranged close to the haunching hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, outwards rotates to drill a rock-soil body to form the haunching hole, the slag sucking valves at the suction heads of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipes and the vertical slag sucking branch pipes are closed, and the slag sucking valves at the suction heads of the haunching slag sucking branch pipes are opened to suck the sludge crushed by the haunching device into the crushing device, the crushing device is used for crushing the sucked sludge for the second time and then sends the crushed sludge into the stirring box for stirring, and the grouting system is used for pumping mud into the stirring box in real time to mix the mud with the sludge;

In the step S4, in the process of driving the horizontal drilling device to horizontally move outwards to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling machine which is arranged close to the haunching hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, the slag sucking valves at the suction heads of the haunching slag sucking branch pipes and the vertical slag sucking branch pipes are closed, the slag sucking valves at the suction heads of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipes are opened to suck the broken sludge of the horizontal drilling device into the breaking device, the breaking device is used for secondarily breaking the sucked sludge and then sending the crushed sludge into the stirring box for stirring, the grouting system is used for pumping mud into the stirring box in real time to mix the mud with the sludge, and the slag discharging system is used for pumping the sludge and the mud mixture in the stirring box to the ground for collecting treatment.

In step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling machine is a rock stratum;

The stirring device comprises a stirring box and a stirring mechanism arranged on the stirring box, wherein a slag suction port arranged on the stirring box is connected with a slag suction system, a slag discharge port arranged on the stirring box is connected with the slag discharge system, the grouting system is communicated into the haunching drill assembly, the horizontal drill assembly and the vertical drill device, the stirring mechanism comprises a main gear and a plurality of auxiliary gears which are meshed with the main gear for transmission, the main gear is driven to rotate by a stirring motor or driven to rotate by the lower end of a vertical drill rod, a stirring main rotating shaft which extends into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the main gear, stirring auxiliary rotating shafts which extend into the stirring box are coaxially arranged on the auxiliary gears, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring auxiliary rotating shafts which extend into the stirring box;

The slag sucking system comprises a slag sucking main pipe, the crushing device is arranged between the slag sucking main pipe and the slag sucking port of the stirring box, the crushing device comprises a fan for sucking and a crushing cutter for crushing mud slag, the suction port of the slag sucking main pipe is branched into an haunching slag sucking branch pipe, a vertical slag sucking branch pipe and a horizontal slag sucking branch pipe, the suction head of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe is connected into the vertical drilling device, the suction head of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe is connected into the horizontal drilling assembly, the suction head of the haunching slag sucking branch pipe is connected into the haunching drilling assembly, slag sucking valves are arranged at the suction head, and telescopic pipes are adopted for the haunching slag sucking branch pipe and the pipe body of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe;

The slag discharging system comprises a slag discharging pipe and a slag discharging pump arranged on the slag discharging pipe, and the lower port of the slag discharging pipe is communicated with the slag discharging port on the stirring box;

The grouting system comprises a grouting main pipe and grouting pumps arranged on the grouting main pipe, wherein the lower port of the grouting main pipe is branched into a vertical grouting branch pipe, a horizontal grouting branch pipe and an axillary grouting branch pipe, a spray head of the vertical grouting branch pipe extends into the vertical drilling device and is close to the position of the cylindrical drilling assembly, a spray head of the horizontal grouting branch pipe extends into the horizontal drilling assembly and is close to the position of the horizontal drilling assembly, a spray head of the axillary grouting branch pipe extends into the position of the axillary drilling assembly and is close to the position of the axillary drilling assembly, grouting valves are arranged at the spray heads, a pipe body part of the horizontal grouting branch pipe, which is positioned in the horizontal drilling assembly, moves back and forth along with the horizontal drilling assembly, and a pipe body part of the axillary grouting branch pipe, which is positioned in the axillary drilling reaction frame, extends into the telescopic pipe body part along with the rotation of the axillary drilling reaction frame.

The vertical drilling device comprises a U-shaped fork plate and a plurality of cylindrical drilling components arranged on the U-shaped fork plate, wherein the U-shaped fork plate consists of a web plate, wing plates arranged on two sides of the web plate and steel supports vertically welded on the web plate, the cylindrical drilling components comprise two cylindrical drills and motors for driving the two cylindrical drills to rotate, each cylindrical drill comprises a cylinder, a plurality of hob components arranged on the surface of the cylinder at intervals and a plurality of reamer components arranged between the adjacent hob components, each hob component comprises a hob base and a circle of hob fixed on the hob base, each reamer component comprises a reamer base and a reamer fixed on the reamer base in an inclined mode, and a shell of each motor is fixed on the steel supports and drives the two sides of the cylinder to rotate;

1. In the step S2 and the step S5, in the process of vertically downwards drilling rock strata by the vertical drilling devices on the drilling machine, a grouting valve at a spray head of the horizontal grouting branch pipe and a slag sucking valve at a suction head of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe are closed, a grouting valve at a spray head of the haunching grouting branch pipe and a slag sucking valve at a suction head of the haunching slag sucking branch pipe are closed, the grouting valve at the spray head of the vertical grouting branch pipe is opened to continuously inject slurry into a rock surface where the vertical drilling devices drill, and meanwhile, the slag sucking valve at the suction head of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe is opened to suck a mixture of the crushed rock blocks and slurry of the vertical drilling devices into the crushing device, and the crushing device is used for secondarily crushing the mixture of the sucked rock blocks and slurry and then delivering the mixture into the stirring box to be stirred;

In the step S3, in the process that the haunching device on the drilling machine, which is arranged close to the haunching hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, outwards rotates to drill a rock stratum to form the haunching hole, the grouting valve at the horizontal grouting branch pipe nozzle and the slag sucking valve at the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe suction head are closed, the grouting valve at the vertical grouting branch pipe nozzle and the slag sucking valve at the vertical slag sucking branch pipe suction head are closed, the grouting valve at the haunching grouting branch pipe nozzle is opened to continuously inject slurry to the rock surface where the haunching device drills, and the slag sucking valve at the haunching slag sucking branch pipe suction head is opened to suck the mixture of crushed rock blocks and slurry obtained by the haunching drilling device into the crushing device, and the crushed mixture of the sucked rock blocks and slurry is sent into the stirring box to be stirred after being crushed again by the crushing device;

In the step S4, in the process of driving the horizontal drilling device to horizontally move outwards to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling machine which is close to the haunched hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, the grouting valve at the vertical grouting branch pipe nozzle and the slag sucking valve at the vertical slag sucking branch pipe suction head are closed, the grouting valve at the haunched grouting branch pipe nozzle and the slag sucking valve at the haunched slag sucking branch pipe suction head are closed, the grouting valve at the horizontal grouting branch pipe nozzle is opened to continuously inject slurry to the rock surface where the horizontal drilling device drills, the slag sucking valve at the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe suction head is opened to suck the mixture of the crushed rock and slurry in the horizontal drilling device into the crushing device, the crushing device secondarily crushes the mixture of the sucked rock and slurry and then sends the mixture into the stirring box to be stirred, and the slag discharging system pumps the mixture of the rock and slurry in the stirring box in real time to the ground for collecting.

The invention has the advantages that:

(1) According to different sizes of the rectangular pile holes, arranging corresponding number of drilling machines which form a rectangular structure on the rectangular slide-resistant pile drilling machines so as to drill the rectangular pile holes;

(2) The horizontal drilling component capable of horizontally stretching and retracting and the haunching drilling component capable of outwards and rotatably digging are combined on the vertical drilling device so as to realize the drilling of rectangular anti-slide pile holes with the haunched horizontal cantilever structure in the soil stratum or the rock stratum;

(3) The horizontal cantilever structure with the haunching and the vertical pile body can be formed at one time without other mechanical assistance, so that the purposes of improving the construction efficiency and saving the construction and equipment cost are achieved;

(4) Aiming at the soil stratum, the construction environment is improved and the slurry cost is saved by combining slag suction with slurry, and aiming at the rock stratum, the slurry is additionally injected into a drilling interface to be mixed with rock so as to realize suction, and the rock is crushed for the second time through a crushing box so as to better discharge pile holes and prevent the blockage of a slag discharge pipe;

(5) Meanwhile, the drilling machine has the functions of drilling and deslagging, the integration level of the drilling machine is high, the uninterrupted synchronous running of drilling and deslagging is realized, the construction procedures are reduced, the construction cost is saved, and the drilling construction efficiency is improved;

(6) The rectangular pile holes of the horizontal cantilever and the haunching structure can be drilled in the rock stratum through the telescopic horizontal cylindrical drill with the reamer and the hob distributed at intervals and the rotatable haunching cylindrical drill.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view (one) of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the positions of the cross sections of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view (II) of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the vertical drilling apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 6 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the C-C of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a D-D sectional view of FIG. 3 according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view E-E of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a side view of a horizontal drill assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of F-F of FIG. 11 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the G-G of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view H-H of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a side view of the haunch drill assembly of example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view I-I of FIG. 15 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a J-J cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of K-K of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the L-L of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of M-M of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a schematic top view of a method for mechanically forming holes in a rectangular pile with a haunched horizontal cantilever in an asynchronous drilling operation capable of reaming in accordance with the embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing the steps of a method for mechanically forming holes in a rectangular pile with a haunched horizontal cantilever in an asynchronous drilling method capable of reaming in embodiment 1 of the invention;

FIG. 23 is a schematic view of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 25 is a schematic view of a cylindrical drill assembly according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of embodiment 4 of the present invention;

as shown in fig. 1-26, the labels in the figures are respectively:

1. The vertical drilling device comprises a vertical drilling device, a horizontal drilling assembly, a haunching drilling assembly, a stirring device, a crushing device, a slag sucking system, a pipeline fixing frame, a slag discharging system, a grouting system and a drill carriage, wherein the vertical drilling device, the horizontal drilling assembly, the haunching drilling assembly, the stirring device, the crushing device, the slag sucking system, the pipeline fixing frame, the slag discharging system, the grouting system and the drill carriage are arranged in sequence;

11. The cylindrical drilling assembly, 12. U-shaped fork plates, 111. Cylinders, 112. Reamer assembly, 113. Hob assembly, 114. Motor, 115. Motor shaft, 116. Stirring cutter assembly, 121. Wing plates, 122. Web, 123. Steel support, 124. Shaft hole, 125. Vertical slag suction branch pipe through hole, 126. Vertical grouting branch pipe through hole, 1121. Reamer base, 1122. Reamer, 1131. Hob base, 1132. Hob;

21. The horizontal drilling device comprises a horizontal drilling device 22, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 23, a horizontal drilling reaction frame 211, a horizontal slag suction branch pipe through hole 212, a horizontal grouting branch pipe through hole 231, a horizontal hydraulic side guard plate 232, a horizontal hydraulic upper side plate 233, a horizontal hydraulic lower side plate 234, a horizontal hydraulic reaction plate 235, a slag suction main pipe through hole 236 and a grouting main pipe through hole;

31. The hydraulic system comprises a haunching drill device 32, a rotary hydraulic cylinder 33, a crank hydraulic cylinder 34, a haunching drill reaction frame 311, a U-shaped connector 3111, a bottom plate 3112, an upper swing plate 3113, a connecting shaft hole 3114, a connecting shaft 3115, a crank shaft 312, a haunching drill wing plate 313, a haunching drill web plate 314, a haunching slag suction branch pipe through hole 315, a haunching grouting branch pipe through hole 341, a haunching hydraulic side guard plate 342, a haunching hydraulic upper side plate 343, a haunching hydraulic lower side plate 344, a haunching hydraulic reaction plate 345, a lower swing plate 346 and a hinged seat.

41. Stirring box 42, double-layer big blade 43, stirring main rotating shaft 44, double-layer small blade 45, stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 46, single-layer small blade 47, main gear, 48, a main gear isolation pad, 49, an auxiliary gear, 410, an auxiliary gear isolation pad, 411, a steel cover plate, 412, a stirring motor, 413 and a vertical drill rod;

51. the crushing box 52, the middle partition plate 53, the connecting pipe 54, the rack 55, the fan motor 56, the fan blades 57, the crushing knife 58 and the screen;

61. the slag sucking main pipe comprises a vertical slag sucking branch pipe 62, a horizontal slag sucking branch pipe 63, a haunching slag sucking branch pipe 64, a telescopic pipe 65, a suction head 66, a vertical slag sucking valve 67, a horizontal slag sucking valve 68 and a haunching slag sucking valve 69;

71. top steel plate, 72, middle steel plate, 73, bottom steel plate, 74, side riser, 75, square through holes, 76, slag discharging pipe fixing holes, 77, grouting pipe fixing holes;

81. Slag discharging pipe 82. Slag discharging pump;

91. the grouting device comprises a grouting main pipe, 92, a grouting pump, 93, a vertical grouting branch pipe, 94, a horizontal grouting branch pipe, 95, a haunching grouting branch pipe, 96, a spray head, 97, a vertical grouting valve, 98, a horizontal grouting valve and 99;

101. winch motor 102, fixed shaft 103, cable 104, cable bracket 105, steel cantilever beam 106, slide block 107, steel upright post 108, guide rail 109, hinge shaft 1010, pull rod 1011, vehicle-mounted platform 1012;

a. Rock-soil stratum b, drilling machine c, free section pile hole d, armpit hole e, horizontal cantilever pile hole f, embedding section pile hole and g, pile hole to be dug.

Detailed Description

The features of the present invention and other related features are described in further detail below by way of example in conjunction with the following drawings, to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:

1-22, the embodiment specifically relates to a reaming asynchronous drilling rectangular pile mechanical hole forming method with a haunched horizontal cantilever, and the embodiment takes a rock-soil stratum a and a rectangular deep hole slide-resistant pile as an example for explanation, and specifically comprises the following steps:

(S1) combining a plurality of drills b according to the rectangular pile hole size to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the rectangular pile hole size. The method comprises the steps of installing a drill carriage 10 and a drilling machine b on the ground of a construction site, wherein the drilling machine b is hoisted by the lower end of a cable 103 on the drill carriage 10, and sequentially comprises a pipeline fixing frame 7, a slag body treatment mechanism, a haunching drill assembly 3, a horizontal drill assembly 2 and a vertical drill device 1 from top to bottom, wherein the slag body treatment mechanism comprises a stirring device 4, a crushing device 5, a slag suction system 6, a slag discharge system 8 and a grouting system 9.

As shown in fig. 1, the drill carriage 10 comprises a vehicle-mounted platform 1011, a steel upright post 107, a pull rod 1010, a hinge shaft 109, a guide rail 108, a sliding block 106, a steel cantilever beam 105, a cable bracket 104, a hoisting motor 101, a fixed shaft 102 and a cable 103, wherein the vehicle-mounted platform 1011 is provided with a crawler wheel capable of running and is positioned on the ground, the steel upright post 107 is vertically erected on the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 1011, the pull rod 1010 forms a diagonal bracing reinforcement effect on the steel upright post 107, specifically, the upper end of the pull rod 1010 is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright post 107, the lower end of the pull rod 1010 is hinged with the hinge shaft 109 of the vehicle-mounted platform 1011, the guide rail 108 is fixedly attached along the steel upright post 107 to form a track in the vertical direction, the sliding block 106 is slidably assembled on the guide rail 108 and can slide in the vertical direction under the driving of a power mechanism, the steel cantilever beam 105 is fixed on the sliding block 106, the cable bracket 104 is fixed on the bottom surface of the steel cantilever beam 105, the hoisting motor 101 is fixed on the steel cantilever beam 105, and the hoisting motor 101 is used for driving a drilling machine hoisted on the lower end of the cable 103. Moreover, the drilling machine can move downwards under the dead weight pressure of the drilling machine due to the fact that the dead weight of the drilling machine is large, the effect that a drill rod is required to be pressed downwards in the past is not needed, and the cable 103 has a sufficient length, so that the drilling requirement for a rectangular deep hole can be met.

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the vertical drilling device 1 is used for drilling rectangular deep holes, and mainly comprises a plurality of cylindrical drilling assemblies 11 and a U-shaped fork plate 12 used as a mounting frame, wherein the U-shaped fork plate 12 mainly comprises a web 122 and wing plates 121 positioned on two sides of the web 122, and steel supports 123 are vertically welded in the middle position of the web 122 based on the number of the cylindrical drilling assemblies 11. The cylindrical drill assembly 11 is composed of two cylindrical drills, a motor 113 and a motor shaft 114, in this embodiment, the number of cylindrical drills is 4, and the cylindrical drills are distributed in a matrix form to form rectangular cutting surfaces, and rectangular pile holes are formed in the downward cutting process, wherein the matrix distribution refers to that the cylindrical drills are respectively arranged at two sides of the steel support 123. The cylindrical drill comprises a cylinder 111, a plurality of hob assemblies 113 distributed on the surface of the cylinder 111 at intervals, and a plurality of reamer assemblies 112 distributed between adjacent hob assemblies 113 on the surface of the cylinder 111 at intervals, a centrally arranged steel support 123 is welded or bolted with the shell of a motor 114, a motor rotating shaft 115 of the motor 114 drives the cylinders 111 on two sides to rotate, and the end parts of the motor rotating shaft 115 are supported in rotating shaft holes 124 of wing plates 121 on two sides. As shown in fig. 6-9, the height of the hob assembly 113 protruding from the cylinder 111 is higher than that of the reamer assembly 112, so that when cutting a rock body, the hob 1132 on the hob assembly 113 firstly contacts the rock body, that is, the hob assembly 113 breaks the integral rock surface into a plurality of large rocks, and then the large rocks on the excavated surface are further reamed into small-diameter rocks (or rock slag) by the reamer assembly 112, the hob assembly 113 comprises a hob base 1131 and a circle of hob 1132 fixed on the hob base 1131, the reamer assembly 112 comprises a reamer base 1121 and a reamer 1122, and the reamer 1122 realizes an inclined installation posture under the fixation of the reamer base 1121 so as to facilitate the cutting of a rock stratum. For rock mass, if the hob 1132 is adopted to directly crush the rock mass of the excavated surface or the reamer 1122 is directly used for cutting, the strength, hardness and wear resistance of the hob and reamer materials are required to meet higher requirements, so that the development difficulty of the hob and reamer materials is increased, and the construction cost is increased. The hob 1132 and the reamer 1122 are combined, and the hob 1132 only fractures the rock mass of the excavated surface, so that the strength of the rock mass is reduced, the reamer 1122 is beneficial to cutting the rock mass more easily, the requirements on the strength, the hardness and the wear resistance of the hob and the reamer material can be correspondingly reduced, and the wear of the reamer and the hob can be reduced. Therefore, the method of combining the rock mass with the low strength after the hob 1132 is firstly used for fracturing the rock mass with the excavated face and then the reamer 1122 is used for cutting the rock mass with the low strength after the fracturing is adopted, so that the working efficiency can be improved, the cutter abrasion can be reduced, and the construction cost can be reduced.

In addition, a plurality of vertical slag sucking branch pipe through holes 125 and vertical grouting branch pipe through holes 126 are formed in the web 122, wherein the vertical slag sucking branch pipe through holes 125 are arranged to facilitate the suction heads 66 of the vertical slag sucking branch pipes 62 in the slag sucking system 6 to extend into the U-shaped fork plates 12 for sucking the excavated rock slag, and the vertical grouting branch pipe through holes 126 are arranged to facilitate the vertical grouting branch pipes 93 on the grouting system 9 to penetrate through and extend into the U-shaped fork plates 12 for supplementing grouting so as to mix with the cut and crushed rock slag to form slurry fluid to facilitate the suction of the vertical slag sucking branch pipes 62.

As shown in fig. 1-4 and 10-12, the horizontal drilling assembly 2 is used for excavating a horizontal cantilever pile hole, and mainly comprises a horizontal drilling reaction frame 23, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 and a horizontal drilling device 21. The horizontal drill reaction frame 23 is of a laterally open box-type structure, and comprises a horizontal hydraulic reaction plate 234, a horizontal hydraulic upper side plate 232 mounted above the horizontal hydraulic reaction plate 234, a horizontal hydraulic lower side plate 233 mounted below the horizontal hydraulic reaction plate 234, and horizontal hydraulic side guard plates 231 mounted on two sides of the horizontal hydraulic reaction plate 234, so as to form the open box-type structure. The number of the horizontal hydraulic cylinders 22 is required to ensure that the horizontal drilling device 21 can be stably pushed or retracted, the horizontal drilling device 21 is provided with an upper group and a lower group to drill rectangular pile holes of a horizontal cantilever, based on the two groups, the rear ends of cylinder barrels of the horizontal hydraulic cylinders 22 are fixed on the horizontal hydraulic counter-force plates 234, the front ends of piston rods of the horizontal hydraulic cylinders 22 are connected with a mounting frame of the horizontal drilling device 21 to drive the horizontal drilling device 21 to do lateral horizontal telescopic movement towards an opening direction, the horizontal hydraulic cylinders 22 drive the horizontal drilling device 21 forward under the counter-force support provided by the horizontal drilling counter-force frame 23 to cut and drill rock bodies to form the rectangular pile holes of the horizontal cantilever, and after the rectangular pile holes of the horizontal cantilever are excavated, the horizontal hydraulic cylinders 22 drive the horizontal drilling device 21 to retract into a box space of the horizontal drilling counter-force frame 23. In addition, a slag suction main pipe through hole 235 is formed in the horizontal hydraulic upper side plate 232, a horizontal slag suction branch pipe through hole 211 and a horizontal grouting branch pipe through hole 212 are formed in a mounting frame partition plate of the horizontal drilling device 21, a slag suction main pipe 61 in the slag suction system 6 extends into a box space of the horizontal drilling reaction frame 23 through the slag suction main pipe through hole 235, a horizontal slag suction branch pipe 63 forked on the slag suction main pipe 61 extends into a position of the horizontal drilling device 21 through the horizontal slag suction branch pipe through hole 211 to suck excavated mud slag (a mixture of rock slag and mud) through the suction head 66, and a horizontal grouting branch pipe 94 forked on the grouting main pipe 91 extends to a position close to the horizontal drilling device 21 through the horizontal grouting branch pipe through hole 212 to supplement grouting so as to mix with cut and crushed rock slag to form mud fluid so as to facilitate suction of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe 63.

As shown in fig. 1-4 and 13-16, the haunching drill assembly 3 comprises a haunching drill device 31, a rotary hydraulic cylinder 32, a crank hydraulic cylinder 33 and a haunching drill reaction frame 34, wherein the haunching drill reaction frame 34 comprises a haunching hydraulic reaction plate 344, haunching hydraulic side guard plates 341 arranged on two sides of the haunching hydraulic reaction plate 344, a haunching hydraulic upper side plate 342 arranged on the top of the haunching hydraulic reaction plate 344 and a haunching hydraulic lower side plate 343 arranged on the bottom of the haunching hydraulic reaction plate 344, so that the haunching drill reaction frame 34 forms a box-shaped structure with lateral openings. The haunching drill device 31 is arranged in a box of the haunching drill reaction frame 34 and positioned at an opening part of the haunching drill reaction frame, and comprises haunching drill wing plates 312, haunching drill webs 313, U-shaped connectors 311 and a plurality of haunching cylindrical drill components, the haunching drill wing plates 312 are arranged on two sides of the haunching drill webs 313 to form mounting frame bodies of the haunching cylindrical drill components, the haunching cylindrical drill components are distributed on a vertical surface and a top surface at intervals, the structure adopted by the haunching cylindrical drill components is the same as that adopted by the cylindrical drill components 11, and the hob components and the reamer components are adopted to adapt to a rock stratum. The U-shaped connector 311 is disposed at the bottom of the haunched drill web 313 for articulation with a lower swing plate 345 on the haunched hydraulic lower side plate 343. The U-shaped connector 311 comprises a bottom plate 3111 and upper swing plates 3112 welded to both sides of the bottom plate 3111, wherein the bottom plate 3111 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the haunched drill web 313 and the bottom of the haunched drill wing plate 312, the upper swing plates 3112 are semi-arc-shaped and are hinged to the lower swing plates 345 via connecting shafts 3114, and the connecting shafts 3114 penetrate through the lower swing plates 345 and connecting shaft holes 3113 in the upper swing plates 3112. The rotary hydraulic cylinder 32 has one end hinged to the haunching hydraulic reaction plate 344 and the other end hinged to the hinged support 346 on the back of the haunching drill web 313, and the hinged support 346 is located in the middle or upper part of the haunching drill web 313, and the crank hydraulic cylinder 33 has one end hinged to the haunching hydraulic reaction plate 344, The other end is hinged with the upper swing plate 3112 through the crankshaft 3115, it is to be noted that the hinge base hinged with the crank hydraulic cylinder 33 on the haunching hydraulic counterforce plate 344 and the connecting shaft 3114 are positioned at the same horizontal position, the crankshaft 3115 is positioned right below the connecting shaft 3114, the rotating hydraulic cylinder 32 is used as a rotation center to push the haunching drill device 31 to rotate around the connecting shaft 3114, and the crank hydraulic cylinder 33 assists the haunching drill device 31 to rotate around the connecting shaft 3114, so that the purpose of driving the haunching drill device 31 to rotate outwards to form haunching pile holes by combining the rotating hydraulic cylinder 32 and the crank hydraulic cylinder 33 is achieved. The method has the advantages that the cutting force of the haunching device 31 is increased in the process of rotationally cutting the rock stratum, and the stability of the haunching device 31 is increased in the process of rotationally cutting the rock stratum. In addition, a first through hole is formed in the haunching hydraulic counterforce plate 344, and a haunching slag suction branch pipe through hole 314 is formed in the haunching drill web 313, and the haunching slag suction branch pipe 64 is branched from the slag suction main pipe 61 in the slag suction system 6, so that the suction head 66 extends into the haunching drill device 31 to suck the excavated sludge (a mixture of rock slag and slurry) through the first through hole in the haunching hydraulic counterforce plate 344 and the slag suction branch pipe through hole 314 in the haunching drill web 313. Also, a second through hole is formed on the haunching hydraulic counter-force plate 344, and a haunching grouting branch pipe through hole 315 is formed on the haunching drill web 313, and the spray head 96 of the haunching grouting branch pipe 95 in the grouting system 9 extends into the haunching drill device 31 for supplementary grouting through the second through hole on the haunching hydraulic counter-force plate 344 and the haunching grouting branch pipe through hole 315 on the haunching drill web 313 so as to mix with the cut and crushed rock slag to form slurry fluid, thereby facilitating the suction of the haunching slag suction branch pipe 64. In order to accommodate the rotational movement of the haunching drill device 31, the haunching slag suction manifold 64 and the haunching grouting manifold 95 take the form of telescoping tubes.

As shown in fig. 1-20, the slag body processing mechanism comprises a stirring device 4, a crushing device 5, a slag sucking system 6, a slag discharging system 8 and a grouting system 9.

The stirring device 4 comprises a stirring box 41 and a stirring mechanism, the stirring box 41 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the haunched drill reaction frame 34, the stirring mechanism comprises a main gear 47 and a plurality of auxiliary gears 49 meshed with the main gear 47, wherein the main gear 47 is driven to rotate by a stirring motor 412 and further drives each auxiliary gear 49 to rotate, a stirring main rotating shaft 43 extending into the stirring box 41 is coaxially arranged on the main gear 47, stirring blades are arranged on the stirring main rotating shaft 43, the stirring blades adopt double-layer large blades 42, stirring auxiliary rotating shafts 45 extending into the stirring box 41 are coaxially arranged on each auxiliary gear 49, stirring blades on part of the stirring auxiliary rotating shafts 45 are also provided with stirring blades, stirring blades on the other part of the stirring auxiliary rotating shafts 45 adopt double-layer small blades 44, and uniformly mixed slurry can be obtained by stirring slurry bodies containing rock residues in the stirring box 41 so as to be beneficial to discharge. In order to avoid that slurry in the stirring tank 41 permeates into the gear box where the main gear 47 and the auxiliary gear 49 are located during stirring, a main gear isolation pad 48 is arranged at the joint of the stirring main rotating shaft 43 and the stirring tank 41, and an auxiliary gear isolation pad 310 is arranged at the joint of the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 45 and the stirring tank 41. As shown in fig. 4, a steel cover 411 is arranged on the top of the gear box where the main gear 47 and the auxiliary gear 49 are arranged, and is used for being connected with the pipe fixing frame 7. The stirring tank 41 is provided with a slag suction port and a slag discharge port.

The slag sucking system 6 is connected to the slag sucking port of the stirring tank 41, the slag sucking system 6 mainly comprises a slag sucking main pipe 61, a vertical slag sucking branch pipe 62, a horizontal slag sucking branch pipe 63, an axillary slag sucking branch pipe 64 and a crushing device 5, one end of the slag sucking main pipe 61 is communicated with the slag sucking port of the stirring tank 41 through the crushing device 5, the other end (namely, a sucking end) of the slag sucking main pipe 61 is branched into the vertical slag sucking branch pipe 62, the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe 63 and the axillary slag sucking branch pipe 64, as shown in fig. 4, the vertical slag sucking branch pipe 62 extends into the vertical drilling device 1, a suction head 66 of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe 62 is close to the cylindrical drilling component 11 so that the suction head can suck the dredged mud (a rock slag and mud mixture), and a vertical slag sucking valve 67 is arranged at the suction head 66 for controlling the on-off of a pipeline. The horizontal slag sucking branch pipe 63 extends into the horizontal drilling assembly 2, the suction head 66 of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe 63 is close to the horizontal drilling device 21 so that the suction head 66 can suck the cut and dug mud slag (a rock slag and mud mixture), and a horizontal slag sucking valve 68 is arranged at the suction head 66 and used for controlling the on-off of a pipeline, wherein part of the pipeline of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe 63 is in the form of a telescopic pipe 65 so as to adapt to the front-back movement of the horizontal drilling device 21. The haunching slag sucking branch pipe 64 extends into the haunching drill assembly 3, the suction head 66 of the haunching slag sucking branch pipe 64 is close to the haunching drill device 31 so that the haunching slag sucking branch pipe 64 can suck and cut out dredged mud (a rock slag and mud mixture), an haunching slag sucking valve 69 is arranged at the suction head 66 and used for controlling on-off of a pipeline, and the haunching slag sucking branch pipe 64 adopts a telescopic pipe mode in order to adapt to the rotation action of the haunching drill device 31.

The pumped sludge is crushed into fine particles by the crushing device 5 and then enters the stirring tank 41, the crushing device 5 mainly comprises a crushing tank 51, a middle partition plate 52, a connecting pipe 53, a frame 54, a fan motor 55, a fan blade 56, a crushing blade 57 and a filter screen 58, the middle partition plate 52 is obliquely arranged in the crushing tank 51 to form a ramp which is beneficial to the flow of the sludge, the fan motor 55 is arranged on a top plate in the crushing tank 51 through the frame 54, the fan blade 56 is arranged on a rotating shaft of the fan motor 55, the fan motor 55 and the fan blade 56 rotating at high speed can form negative pressure suction in a sludge suction main pipe 61, a crushing blade 57 is arranged at the installation position of the fan motor 55, so that the pumped sludge (a mixture of the sludge and the rock) can enter the stirring tank 41 through the connecting pipe 53 after being crushed by the crushing blade 57, and the end face of the fan motor 55 is provided with the filter screen 58 to filter the large-particle rock sludge, and prevent the rock sludge from flowing into the stirring tank 41 from the fan motor 55.

The grouting system 9 mainly comprises a main grouting pipe 91, a grouting pump 92, a vertical grouting branch pipe 93, a horizontal grouting branch pipe 94 and an armpit grouting branch pipe 95, since the rectangular slide-resistant pile drilling machine in the embodiment is applied to a rock stratum, the cut rock slag is the rock slag, and granular pure solid is difficult to be pumped and transported, so that the grouting system 9 mainly aims at pumping the supplemented slurry to the cutting part, so that the rock slag and the slurry are mixed for being convenient for pumping, and the grouting pump 92 is responsible for pumping operation. The grouting pipe 91 extends into the haunching drill grouting 3, the horizontal drilling assembly 2 and the vertical drilling device 1 from the ground, the lower port of the grouting pipe is branched into a haunching grouting branch pipe 95, a horizontal grouting branch pipe 94 and a vertical grouting branch pipe 93, the grouting pipe is respectively extended into the haunching drill assembly 3, the horizontal drilling assembly 2 and the vertical drilling device 1 to pump slurry, the injection end of the haunching grouting branch pipe 95 is a spray head 96, the haunching grouting valve 99 is arranged at the spray head 96, the injection end of the horizontal grouting branch pipe 94 is a spray head 96, the horizontal grouting valve 98 is arranged at the spray head 96, the injection end of the vertical grouting branch pipe 93 is a spray head 96, and the vertical grouting valve 97 is arranged at the spray head 96, and in the drilling process, the on-off of the haunching grouting valve 99, the horizontal grouting valve 98 and the vertical grouting valve 97 is determined according to whether the rectangular slide pile drilling machine excavates a rectangular pile hole downwards or excavates a horizontal cantilever pile hole sideways or excavates the haunching hole.

The slag discharging port of the stirring box 41 is connected with a slag discharging system 8 from the ground, the slag discharging system 8 comprises a slag discharging pipe 81 and a slag discharging pump 82, the lower end of the slag discharging pipe 81 is communicated with the slag discharging port of the stirring box 81, and the port of the slag discharging pipe extends downwards to a certain depth so as to facilitate pumping more slurry, and the slag discharging pipe 81 pumps the uniformly stirred slurry from the stirring box 41 to the ground through the slag discharging pump 82 for collection.

As shown in fig. 1 to 14 and 20, the pipe fixing frame 7 has a box-shaped structure, and includes a top steel plate 71, a middle steel plate 72, a bottom steel plate 73, and a plurality of side vertical plates 74 connecting the three, in addition, square through holes 75 are formed in the bottom steel plate 73 of the pipe fixing frame 7 for mounting the stirring motor 412, and in addition, slag pipe fixing holes 76 through which slag pipes 81 pass and grouting pipe fixing holes 77 through which grouting main pipes 91 pass are formed in the top steel plate 71, the middle steel plate 72 and the bottom steel plate 73. In order to avoid pipe wobble during drilling, the pipe holder 7 may provide a fixing for each pipe passing.

As shown in fig. 21, in this embodiment, when a pile hole g to be dug is to be dug on a rock-soil layer a, two or four drilling machines b may be provided on a rectangular slide-resistant pile drilling machine, and when two drilling machines b are provided, a free-section pile hole c, a haunched hole d and a horizontal cantilever pile hole e are dug by the two drilling machines (synchronous operation), and when four drilling machines b are provided, a free-section pile hole c is dug by the four drilling machines b (synchronous operation), and a haunched hole d and a horizontal cantilever pile hole e are dug by the two drilling machines b (synchronous operation) provided near the dug portions of the haunched hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e.

(S2) before preparing to drill downwards, the horizontal drilling devices 21 in the horizontal drilling assemblies 2 on all drilling machines b are in minimum stroke and stand by, the haunching drilling devices 31 in the haunching drilling assemblies 3 (on all drilling machines b) are in a haunching drilling reaction frame 34 and are in a vertical state, and then the vertical drilling devices 1 on all drilling machines b are controlled to drill the ground stratum a vertically downwards until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e is reached, so that a free section pile hole c of a rectangular pile hole is formed;

during this down-hole process, the shower nozzles 96 on the vertical grouting branch pipes 93 are continuously opened by the vertical grouting valves 97 (on all drilling rigs b) to perform continuous slurry injection onto the rock face where the vertical drilling apparatus 1 is drilling, the shower nozzles 96 on the horizontal grouting branch pipes 94 are closed by the horizontal grouting valves 98 (on all drilling rigs b), and the shower nozzles 96 on the haunching grouting branch pipes 95 are closed by the haunching grouting valves 99 (on all drilling rigs b);

At the same time, the suction heads 66 of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipes 63 and the haunched slag sucking branch pipes 64 (on all drilling machines b) are closed, the suction heads 66 of the vertical slag sucking branch pipes 62 (on all drilling machines b) are opened to continuously suck slag so as to suck the mixture of the crushed rock mass and the slurry in the vertical drilling device 1 into the crushing device 5, the crushing device 5 crushes the mixture of the sucked rock mass and the slurry for the second time and sends the mixture into the stirring box 41 for stirring, and the slag discharging system 8 pumps and discharges the mixture of the rock mass and the slurry in the stirring box 41 to the ground for collecting treatment.

(S3) as shown in fig. 22, stopping the vertical drilling device 1 (on all the drilling machines b) from drilling and maintaining at the depth, starting the haunching drill assembly 3 on the drilling machine b arranged near the haunching hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, gradually rotating the haunching drill device 31 outwards with the connecting shaft 3114 as the rotating shaft and simultaneously performing roll-cutting on the rock-soil stratum a under the driving of the rotating hydraulic cylinder 32 and the crank hydraulic cylinder 33 until the haunching drill device 31 rotates from the vertical state to the horizontal state, and performing cumulative rotation for 90 degrees to form the haunching hole d;

in this process, the shower nozzles 96 on the haunched branch pipes 95 are continuously opened by the haunched grouting valves 99 (on the drilling machine b disposed near the haunched hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e excavation part) to perform continuous slurry injection onto the rock face where the haunched drill device 31 is drilled, and the shower nozzles 96 on the horizontal grouting branch pipes 94 are closed by the horizontal grouting valves 98 (on all the drilling machines b), and the shower nozzles 96 on the vertical grouting branch pipes 93 are closed by the vertical grouting valves 97 (on all the drilling machines b);

At the same time, the suction heads 66 of the horizontal and vertical slag sucking branch pipes 63 and 62 (on all drilling machines b) are closed, the suction heads 66 of the haunched slag sucking branch pipes 64 (on the drilling machines b arranged near the haunched holes d and the horizontal cantilever pile holes e) are opened to continuously suck slag so as to suck the mixture of the crushed rock mass and slurry of the haunched drilling device 31 into the crushing device 5, the crushing device 5 crushes the mixture of the sucked rock mass and slurry for the second time and then sends the crushed rock mass and slurry into the stirring box 41 for stirring, and the slag discharging system 8 pumps and discharges the mixture of the rock mass and slurry in the stirring box 41 to the ground for collecting treatment.

(S4) as shown in FIG. 22, controlling a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 (on a drilling machine b arranged near the digging parts of the haunched hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) to drive a horizontal drilling device 21 to horizontally move outwards to drill to a designed length so as to form the horizontal cantilever pile hole e;

In the horizontal drilling process, continuously opening a spray head 96 on a horizontal grouting branch pipe 94 through a horizontal grouting valve 98 (on a drilling machine b arranged near the excavation part of a haunching hole d and a horizontal cantilever pile hole e) to perform continuous slurry injection on a rock surface where the horizontal drilling device 21 is drilled, closing the spray head 96 on the haunching grouting branch pipe 95 through haunching grouting valves 99 (on all drilling machines b), and closing the spray head 96 on the vertical grouting branch pipe 93 through a vertical grouting valve 97 (on all drilling machines b);

At the same time, the suction heads 66 of the haunched slag suction branch pipes 64 and the vertical slag suction branch pipes 62 (on all drilling machines b) are closed, the suction heads 66 of the horizontal slag suction branch pipes 63 (on the drilling machines b arranged near the haunched holes d and the horizontal cantilever pile holes e) are opened for continuously sucking slag, so that the mixture of the crushed rock and slurry of the horizontal drilling device 21 is sucked into the crushing device 5, the crushed rock and slurry mixture is crushed by the crushing device 5 and then is sent into the stirring box 41 for stirring, and the slag discharging system 8 pumps and discharges the rock and slurry mixture in the stirring box 41 to the ground for collecting treatment in real time.

(S5) after the construction of the haunched hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e is completed, as shown in FIG. 22, the horizontal cylinder 22 (on the drilling machine b disposed near the excavated portion of the haunched hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) drives the horizontal drilling device 21 to retract inward to the minimum stroke, and the rotary cylinder 32 and the crank cylinder 33 drive the haunched drilling device 31 to swing back to the vertical state, and then the drilling is continued to the designed depth by the vertical drilling device 1 (on all drilling machines b) to form the built-in pile hole f, during which the slurry injection is continued through the shower heads 96 of the vertical grouting branch pipes 93 (on all drilling machines b) and the shower heads 96 on the horizontal grouting branch pipes 95 and 94 (on all drilling machines b) are closed, and at the same time, the suction heads 66 of the vertical suction pipes 62 (on all drilling machines b) continue to suck the slag, and the suction heads 66 of the haunched branch pipes 64 (on all drilling machines b) are closed.

In this embodiment, the haunched hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e are drilled simultaneously by the haunched assembly 3 and the horizontal drilling assembly 2, or the haunched hole d is formed by the haunched assembly 3 being rotated outwards, then the horizontal drilling assembly 2 drills the horizontal cantilever pile hole e by driving the horizontal drilling device 21 to horizontally elongate laterally by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22, or the horizontal drilling assembly 2 drills the horizontal cantilever pile hole e by driving the horizontal drilling device 21 to horizontally elongate laterally by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22, and then the haunched hole d is formed by the haunched assembly 3 being rotated outwards.

The beneficial effects of this embodiment are:

(2) The horizontal cantilever and rectangular pile holes with haunched structures are drilled in deep rock bodies through a cable, a telescopic horizontal cylindrical drill with a reamer and a hob which are distributed at intervals, and a rotatable haunched cylindrical drill;

(3) The haunched, the horizontal cantilever and the vertical pile body hole can be formed at one time without other mechanical assistance, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the construction efficiency and saving the construction and equipment cost;

(4) Rock is crushed for the second time through the crushing box, so that the pile hole can be better discharged, and the slag discharge pipe is prevented from being blocked;

(5) Meanwhile, the drilling machine has the functions of drilling and deslagging, the integration level of the drilling machine is high, uninterrupted synchronous drilling and deslagging are realized, the construction procedures are reduced, the construction cost is saved, and the drilling construction efficiency is improved.

Embodiment 2 this embodiment relates to a method for mechanically forming holes in a reapable asynchronous drilling rectangular pile with a haunched horizontal cantilever, which is different from embodiment 1 in that a rectangular shallow Kong Kanghua pile is required to be constructed in a rock-soil layer a, as shown in fig. 23, a drill carriage 10 is connected to a drilling machine through a vertical drill pipe 413.

The drill carriage 10 comprises a vehicle-mounted platform 1011, a steel upright post 107, a pull rod 1010, a hinge shaft 1099, a guide rail 108, a sliding block 106, a steel cantilever beam 105 and a rotating motor 1012, wherein the vehicle-mounted platform 1011 is provided with a walking crawler wheel and is positioned on the ground, the steel upright post 107 is vertically erected at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 1011, the pull rod 1010 forms a diagonal bracing reinforcing function on the steel upright post 107, in particular, the upper end of the pull rod 1010 is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright post 107, the lower end of the pull rod 1010 is hinged with the hinge shaft 109, the guide rail 108 is attached and fixed along the steel upright post 107 to form a track in the vertical direction, the sliding block 106 is slidably assembled on the guide rail 108 and can slide in the vertical direction under the driving of a power mechanism, the steel cantilever beam 105 is fixed on the sliding block 106, the rotating motor 1012 is installed on the steel cantilever beam 105, and the vertically arranged vertical drill rod 413 is driven to rotate by the rotating motor 1012 and can move in the vertical direction along with the sliding block 96, namely the vertical drill rod 413 can be driven by the sliding block 106 to drill downwards.

When the drill carriage 10 is connected to the drilling machine by using the vertical drill pipe 413, the main gear 47 in the stirring mechanism is not required to be additionally provided with the stirring motor 412 to drive the main gear, and the lower end of the vertical drill pipe 413 can be directly connected to the main gear 47 to drive and rotate the main gear.

The remaining steps of the hole forming construction method in this embodiment are identical to those in embodiment 1, and will not be described again.

Embodiment 3. This embodiment relates to a method for mechanically forming holes in rectangular piles by reaming and asynchronous drilling with haunched horizontal cantilever, which is different from embodiment 1 in that it is necessary to perform construction of rectangular deep hole slide-resistant piles in an earthen stratum, therefore, the grouting system 9 and the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 are improved, and specifically includes the following steps:

as shown in fig. 24, the grouting system 9 in the vertical drilling device 1, the horizontal drilling assembly 2 and the haunched drilling assembly 3 in the embodiment 1 is adjusted to be led into the stirring tank 41, the drilled sludge can be pumped into the stirring tank 41 by the sludge suction system 6 without supplementing grouting for stirring, and the grouting system 9 can further adjust the concentration of the sludge by grouting into the stirring tank 41 so as to be beneficial to the sludge discharge system 8 to discharge the sludge mixture in the stirring tank 41.

As shown in fig. 25, the soil stratum is dug in this example, the soil stratum intensity is lower, the surface of the cylinder 111 of the cylinder drill assembly 11 is uniformly provided with a plurality of stirring cutter assemblies 116 instead, the stirring cutter assemblies 116 comprise a stirring cutter base and stirring cutters, and the stirring cutters are in an inclined installation posture under the fixation of the stirring cutter base, so as to facilitate stirring and digging of soil. Likewise, the construction of the haunched cylindrical drill assembly in the haunched drill assembly 3 is identical to that of the cylindrical drill assembly 11, and the construction of the horizontal drill device 21 in the horizontal drill assembly 2 is identical to that of the cylindrical drill assembly 11.

Embodiment 4. The present embodiment relates to a method for mechanically forming holes in a rectangular pile with a haunched horizontal cantilever by reaming and asynchronous drilling, and the difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the construction of a rectangular shallow Kong Kanghua pile in an earthen stratum is required, so that the grouting system 9 and the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 are improved, and the connection manner between the drill carriage 10 and the drilling machine is improved, specifically as follows:

As shown in fig. 26, the grouting system 9 in the vertical drilling device 1, the horizontal drilling assembly 2 and the haunched drilling assembly 3 in the embodiment 1 is adjusted to be led into the stirring tank 41, the drilled sludge can be pumped into the stirring tank 41 by the sludge suction system 6 without supplementing grouting for stirring, and the grouting system 9 can further adjust the concentration of the sludge by grouting into the stirring tank 41 so as to be beneficial to the sludge discharge system 8 to discharge the sludge mixture in the stirring tank 41.

As shown in fig. 26, the drill carriage 10 includes a vehicle-mounted platform 1011, a steel upright 107, a pull rod 1010, a hinge shaft 1099, a guide rail 108, a slide block 106, a steel cantilever 105 and a rotating motor 1012, wherein the vehicle-mounted platform 1011 has a track wheel capable of running and is positioned on the ground, the steel upright 107 is vertically erected on the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 1011, the pull rod 1010 forms a diagonal bracing reinforcing function on the steel upright 107, specifically, the upper end of the pull rod 1010 is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright 107, the lower end of the pull rod 1010 is hinged with the hinge shaft 109, the guide rail 108 is attached and fixed along the steel upright 107 to form a track in the vertical direction, the slide block 106 is slidably assembled on the guide rail 108 and can slide in the vertical direction under the driving of a power mechanism, the steel cantilever 105 is fixed on the slide block 106, the rotating motor 1012 is mounted on the steel cantilever 105, and the vertically arranged vertical drill rod 413 is driven to rotate by the rotating motor 1012 and can move in the vertical direction along with the slide block 96, namely, the vertical drill rod 413 can be drilled downwards under the driving of the slide block 106. When the drill carriage 10 is connected to the drilling machine by using the vertical drill pipe 413, the main gear 47 in the stirring mechanism is not required to be additionally provided with the stirring motor 412 to drive the same, and the lower end of the vertical drill pipe 413 can be directly connected to the main gear 47 to drive and rotate the same.

Although the foregoing embodiments have been described in some detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims, and thus are not repeated herein.

Claims

1. A mechanical hole forming method for a reamed asynchronous type drilling rectangular pile with a haunched horizontal cantilever is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers by reamers according to claim 1, characterized in that in step S1, the connection form between the driller and the drill carriage on the ground is selected according to the design depth of the rectangular pile holes, wherein the connection form is through vertical drill pipe connection or through cable connection;

3. The method for mechanically forming the holes on the rectangular piles with the haunched horizontal cantilevers by using the asynchronous drilling machine capable of reaming according to claim 2, wherein the drilling carriage comprises a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel upright post, a pull rod, a hinged shaft, a guide rail, a sliding block and a steel cantilever beam, wherein the steel upright post is vertically arranged on the vehicle-mounted platform, the upper end of the pull rod is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright post, the lower end of the pull rod is hinged with the hinged shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform, the guide rail is vertically arranged and fixed along the steel upright post, the sliding block is slidably assembled on the guide rail, and the steel cantilever beam is fixed on the sliding block;

4. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers by using reamers according to claim 2, wherein in step S1, the stratum drilled by the driller is an earthen stratum;

5. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers for asynchronous drilling of claim 4, wherein the vertical drilling device comprises a U-shaped fork plate and a plurality of cylindrical drilling components arranged on the U-shaped fork plate, the cylindrical drilling components are distributed in a matrix, the U-shaped fork plate consists of a web, wing plates arranged on two sides of the web and steel supports vertically welded on the web, the cylindrical drilling components comprise two cylinders, a plurality of stirring blade components arranged on the surfaces of the cylinders and a motor for driving the cylinders to rotate, the stirring blade components consist of a stirring blade base and stirring blades obliquely fixed on the stirring blade base, a rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the cylinders and is correspondingly arranged in rotating shaft holes of the wing plates on two sides of the U-shaped fork plate, and the steel supports are welded on a motor shell;

6. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers for asynchronous drilling of claim 5, wherein in step S2 and step S5, in the process of drilling down soil formations vertically by the vertical drilling device on all the drilling machine, the slag sucking valves at the suction heads of the haunched slag sucking branch pipes and the horizontal slag sucking branch pipes are closed, and the slag sucking valves at the suction heads of the vertical slag sucking branch pipes are opened to suck the broken sludge of the vertical drilling device into the breaking device, the breaking device breaks the sucked sludge for the second time and sends the broken sludge into the stirring tank for stirring, and the grouting system pumps the sludge into the stirring tank in real time so as to mix the sludge with the sludge;

7. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers by using reamers according to claim 2, wherein in step S1, the stratum drilled by the driller is a rock stratum;

8. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers for asynchronous drilling of claim 7, wherein the vertical drilling device comprises a U-shaped fork plate and a plurality of cylindrical drilling components mounted on the U-shaped fork plate, the U-shaped fork plate is composed of a web plate, wing plates arranged on two sides of the web plate and steel supports vertically welded on the web plate, the cylindrical drilling components comprise two cylindrical drills and a motor for driving the two cylindrical drills to rotate, the cylindrical drills comprise a cylinder, a plurality of hob components arranged on the surface of the cylinder at intervals and a plurality of reamer components arranged between the adjacent hob components, the hob components comprise a hob base and a circle of hob fixed on the hob base, and the reamer components comprise reamer bases and cutters obliquely fixed on the hob base;

9. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers in an asynchronous drilling method as claimed in claim 8, wherein in the steps S2 and S5, in the process of drilling rock strata vertically downwards by all vertical drilling devices on a drilling machine, a grouting valve at a nozzle of a horizontal grouting branch pipe and a slag sucking valve at a suction head of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe are closed, the grouting valve at the nozzle of the haunched grouting branch pipe and the slag sucking valve at the suction head of the haunched slag sucking branch pipe are closed, and the grouting valve at the nozzle of the vertical grouting branch pipe is opened to continuously inject slurry to a rock face where the vertical drilling devices drill, and simultaneously, the slag sucking valve at the suction head of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe is opened to suck a mixture of crushed rock blocks and slurry of the vertical drilling devices into the crushing devices, and the crushing devices are used for crushing the mixture of the sucked rock blocks and slurry again and then are sent into the stirring box for stirring;