CN116874800A - Hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer toughened polylactic acid and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer toughened polylactic acid and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116874800A
CN116874800A CN202310770289.4A CN202310770289A CN116874800A CN 116874800 A CN116874800 A CN 116874800A CN 202310770289 A CN202310770289 A CN 202310770289A CN 116874800 A CN116874800 A CN 116874800A
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polylactic acid
thermoplastic elastomer
hydrogenated
hydrogenated epoxidized
impact
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李杨
王艳色
冷雪菲
韩丽
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G81/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers in the absence of monomers, e.g. block polymers
    • C08G81/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers in the absence of monomers, e.g. block polymers at least one of the polymers being obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C08G81/024Block or graft polymers containing sequences of polymers of C08C or C08F and of polymers of C08G
    • C08G81/027Block or graft polymers containing sequences of polymers of C08C or C08F and of polymers of C08G containing polyester or polycarbonate sequences

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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Abstract

The application discloses an anti-aging impact-resistant polylactic acid, which is a graft polymer of polylactic acid and hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer, wherein the weight of the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer is 10-30 parts and the weight of the polylactic acid is 70-90 parts based on 100 parts of the weight of the impact-resistant polylactic acid; the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer is selected from the group consisting of epoxidized styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS), hydrogenated epoxidized styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer (SIS), hydrogenated epoxidized styrene-isoprene/butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SI/BS) thermoplastic elastomers. Compared with the traditional toughened polylactic acid, the anti-aging impact-resistant polylactic acid disclosed by the application does not contain double bonds or contains a small amount of double bonds, so that the performances of thermal oxidation stability, acid and alkali corrosion resistance and the like are obviously improved; the banburying grafting toughening method has simple equipment, high efficiency and low production cost, and has high popularization and application value.

Description

Hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer toughened polylactic acid and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of high polymer material modification, and particularly relates to a hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer toughened polylactic acid and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Polylactic acid is a thermoplastic material which is commercially produced, the raw material source is renewable, the polylactic acid has good biocompatibility and biodegradability, and the polylactic acid can be gradually degraded in human bodies and natural environments and finally decomposed into carbon dioxide and water. Polylactic acid is a biological material which is hopeful to replace the traditional petroleum-based high polymer material in the future and is widely applied to the fields of medical treatment, pharmacy, agriculture, packaging and the like. Polylactic acid has high strength and modulus, but polylactic acid has poor toughness and is limited in application fields requiring certain flexibility.
In order to improve the toughness of the general polylactic acid and widen the application range of the general polylactic acid, the research on toughening modification of the polylactic acid is popular in recent years. Compared with the method for synthesizing a novel biodegradable material to obtain excellent performance, the method for toughening the polylactic acid by adopting the banburying, blending and grafting method is more economical and convenient. In the blending process, after the toughening material with lower strength is blended into the polylactic acid resin, the toughness of the polylactic acid is greatly improved, but the strength and the modulus of the polylactic acid are obviously reduced, the problem that the toughness, the strength, the chemical stability and the corrosion resistance cannot be coordinated and unified exists, and the technical problem to be solved by the application is how to improve the coordination and unification of the comprehensive mechanical property, the chemical stability, the corrosion resistance and the like of the material after the blending of the impact-resistant polylactic acid resin.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide an anti-aging impact-resistant polylactic acid and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problem that the comprehensive mechanical property, chemical stability, corrosion resistance and the like of the blended impact-resistant polylactic acid resin cannot be coordinated and unified, and the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer is mainly adopted to toughen and modify the polylactic acid by a banburying blending grafting method, and the impact-resistant polylactic acid is a graft polymer of the polylactic acid and the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows: the anti-aging and anti-impact polylactic acid is a graft polymer of polylactic acid and hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer, and the anti-aging and anti-impact polylactic acid comprises the following components in parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass: the mass fraction of the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer is 10-30 parts, and the mass fraction of the polylactic acid is 70-90 parts;
the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of hydrogenated epoxidized styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS), hydrogenated epoxidized styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer (SIS), hydrogenated epoxidized styrene-isoprene/butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SI/BS) thermoplastic elastomers.
The hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer is the hydrogenation product of an epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer; the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer has a degree of epoxidation of from 10 to 45 mole percent and a degree of hydrogenation of not less than 90%.
Preferably, the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer is selected from the group consisting of hydrogenated epoxidized styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers (SBS).
Preferably, the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer is 20 to 25 parts by mass and the polylactic acid is 75 to 80 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the anti-aging impact-resistant polylactic acid.
Preferably, the polylactic acid has a number average molecular weight of 5 to 30 ten thousand, and the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer has a number average molecular weight of 10 to 30 ten thousand.
Preferably, the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer has a mole percent epoxidation of from 20 to 35 percent; the degree of hydrogenation is not less than 95%.
Preferably, the polylactic acid has a number average molecular weight of 10 to 20 ten thousand; the number average molecular weight of the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer is 15 to 25 ten thousand.
Preferably, the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer has a linear structure, a star structure or a branched structure.
Preferably, the polylactic acid is selected from L-polylactic acid; polylactic acid is a homopolymer or copolymer, and may be one of a linear structure, a star structure, or a branched structure.
In a second aspect, the application discloses a preparation method of an anti-aging and anti-impact polylactic acid, which specifically comprises the following steps: placing polylactic acid and the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer into an internal mixer, wherein the internal mixing time is 5-20min, the internal mixing temperature is 170-200 ℃, and the torque is 40-80rpm, so as to obtain impact-resistant polylactic acid; the ratio of the polylactic acid to the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer is as follows: the anti-aging and impact-resistant polylactic acid is 100 parts by mass, wherein the mass fraction of the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer is 10-30 parts, and the mass fraction of the polylactic acid is 70-90 parts.
Advantageous effects
The application has the following advantages: the polylactic acid has obviously improved impact resistance, the toughness is greatly improved, the anti-aging impact-resistant polylactic acid shows obvious toughness fracture through the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer grafting modification of the polylactic acid, the biodegradable property of the polylactic acid is well maintained, and the chemical stability and the corrosion resistance are further improved; the banburying grafting toughening method has simple equipment, high efficiency and low production cost, and has high popularization and application value. Compared with the epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer toughened polylactic acid, the toughness of the impact-resistant polylactic acid prepared by grafting the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer to the modified polylactic acid is obviously improved, and meanwhile, the ageing resistance, chemical stability and corrosion resistance of the impact-resistant polylactic acid are obviously improved because carbon-carbon double bonds in the thermoplastic elastomer are destroyed in the epoxidation and hydrogenation processes.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the application will be more clearly understood, a further description of the application will be made. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application may be practiced otherwise than as described herein; it will be apparent that the embodiments in the specification are only some, but not all, embodiments of the application.
Preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to examples. It is to be understood that the following examples are given for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Various modifications and alterations of this application may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of this application.
In this embodiment, the epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer is prepared by a classical formic acid/hydrogen peroxide in-situ peroxyformic acid method, and the method for epoxidation of the thermoplastic elastomer and the method for testing the epoxidation degree of the epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer are described in the literature: zhang Gongxia research on butadiene/isoprene/styrene star-shaped comb-like hyperbranched polymers, doctor's article at university of company (2009). Hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomers are hydrogenated products of epoxidized thermoplastic elastomers, specific preparation processes and test method references for degree of hydrogenation: li preparation and use of hydrogenated conjugated diene polymers, doctor's laboratory paper at university of company (2012). The skilled person can select a proper hydrogenation catalyst system or adjust the preparation process of the hydrogenated and epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer according to different thermoplastic elastomer types.
Mechanical property test:
notched Izod impact Strength: the impact strength of the samples was recorded using an instrumented impact machine at a temperature of 23℃and a pendulum of 5.5J, according to ASTM-D256.
Tensile properties: the tensile strength, tensile modulus and elongation at break of the samples were recorded using a universal material tester according to ISO527-1 at a tensile rate of 10mm/min and a test temperature of 23 ℃.
Each sample was repeated at least 5 times.
Example 1
80 parts of L-polylactic acid (with the number average molecular weight of 15.2 ten thousand) and 20 parts of linear hydrogenated epoxidized styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer SBS (with the epoxidation degree of 28 mol percent, the hydrogenation degree of 99 percent and the number average molecular weight of 18.5 ten thousand) are taken according to the parts by weight, the polylactic acid and the hydrogenated epoxidized linear SBS are banburying in an internal mixer for 20 minutes at the banburying temperature of 175 ℃ and the torque of 70rpm, and the impact-resistant polylactic acid with the Izod impact strength of 897J/m, the tensile strength of 54MPa and the tensile modulus of 1.32GPa are obtained.
Example 2 (the degree of epoxidation of linear hydrogenated epoxidized styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer SBS was 5%, 10%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, respectively), otherwise identical to example 1)
Degree of epoxidation Izod impact strength, J/m Tensile strength, MPa Tensile modulus, GPa
5% 179 53 1.31
10% 181 54 1.31
20% 791 54 1.32
25% 849 53 1.31
30% 865 54 1.31
35% 851 54 1.32
40% 534 54 1.31
50% 111 54 1.32
Example 3 (Linear hydrogenated epoxidized styrene-butadiene-styrene Block copolymer SBS ratio was 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, respectively, otherwise identical to example 1)
Example 4 (degree of hydrogenation of 90%, 95%, 99%, respectively) was the same as in example 1.
Degree of hydrogenation Izod impact strength, J/m Tensile strength, MPa Tensile modulus, GPa
99% 897 54 1.32
95% 886 53 1.31
90% 851 52 1.29
Example 5 (modification of the type of hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer, otherwise identical to example 1)
Comparative example 1 (epoxidation only)
80 parts of L-polylactic acid (with the number average molecular weight of 11.6 ten thousand) and 20 parts of linear epoxidized styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer SBS (with the molar percentage of epoxidation of 36 percent and the number average molecular weight of 12.0 ten thousand) are taken, the polylactic acid and the epoxidized SBS are mixed together in an internal mixer for 10 minutes, the mixing temperature is 175 ℃, the torque is 60rpm, and the impact-resistant polylactic acid is obtained, the Izod impact strength is 791J/m, the tensile strength is 49MPa, and the tensile modulus is 1.23GPa.
Comparative example 2 (hydrogenation only)
80 parts of L-polylactic acid (with the number average molecular weight of 11.6 ten thousand) and 20 parts of linear hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer SBS (with the hydrogenation degree of 99 percent and the number average molecular weight of 12.0 ten thousand) are taken, the polylactic acid and the hydrogenated SBS are mixed in an internal mixer for 10 minutes, the mixing temperature is 175 ℃, the torque is 60rpm, and the impact-resistant polylactic acid is obtained, the Izod impact strength is 52J/m, the tensile strength is 54MPa, and the tensile modulus is 1.32GPa.
According to analysis, to realize the optimal comprehensive mechanical properties of the polylactic acid material and the unification of strength and toughness, the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer is adopted to have the mutual synergistic effect of several key parameters, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: the degree of epoxy, the degree of hydrogenation, the amount of hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer added, the type of hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer, the number average molecular weight (thermoplastic elastomer, polylactic acid). The inventor obtains a better technical scheme of the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer toughened polylactic acid on the basis of a large number of experiments, and the prepared toughened polylactic acid has improved comprehensive mechanical properties by about 20% and good ageing resistance.
In theory, after the thermoplastic elastomer is toughened, hydrogenated and epoxidized, the thermoplastic elastomer contains a small amount of crystal structures, so that on one hand, the strength of the thermoplastic elastomer is improved to a certain extent, and when the thermoplastic elastomer is used for toughening polylactic acid, the strength loss of the polylactic acid is small. On the other hand, the crystalline structure in the thermoplastic elastomer can reduce deformation or breakage of the material when the material is impacted, which is not only beneficial to inducing a large amount of silver marks and shear bands, but also can effectively terminate the silver marks, thus having better toughening effect. Reduces double bonds, improves chemical stability and can also improve the ageing resistance of the polylactic acid to a certain extent.
While the foregoing describes the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the present application is not limited to the embodiments, and that various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art without any inventive effort.

Claims (10)

1. The anti-aging impact-resistant polylactic acid is characterized in that the anti-aging impact-resistant polylactic acid is a graft polymer of polylactic acid and hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer, and the mass fraction of the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer is 10-30 parts and the mass fraction of the polylactic acid is 70-90 parts based on 100 parts of the anti-aging impact-resistant polylactic acid;
the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of hydrogenated epoxidized styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, hydrogenated epoxidized styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, and hydrogenated epoxidized styrene-isoprene/butadiene-styrene block copolymer thermoplastic elastomer.
2. The anti-aging impact polylactic acid according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer is a hydrogenated product of an epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer, the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer having a degree of epoxidation of 10 to 45 mole percent and a degree of hydrogenation of not less than 90%.
3. The anti-aging impact polylactic acid according to claim 2, wherein the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer has a degree of epoxidation of 20 to 35 mole percent; the degree of hydrogenation is not less than 95%.
4. The anti-aging and impact-resistant polylactic acid according to claim 2, wherein the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer is 20 to 25 parts by mass and the polylactic acid is 75 to 80 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the anti-aging and impact-resistant polylactic acid.
5. The anti-aging impact polylactic acid according to claim 4, wherein the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer has a linear structure, a star structure or a branched structure.
6. The anti-aging impact polylactic acid according to claim 5, wherein the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer has a degree of epoxidation of 20 to 35 mole percent; the degree of hydrogenation is not less than 95%.
7. The anti-aging impact polylactic acid according to claim 6, wherein the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer is selected from the group consisting of linear hydrogenated epoxidized styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers.
8. The anti-aging impact-resistant polylactic acid according to claim 1, wherein the polylactic acid has a number average molecular weight of 5 to 30 ten thousand, and the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer has a number average molecular weight of 10 to 30 ten thousand.
9. The anti-aging impact-resistant polylactic acid according to claim 8, wherein the polylactic acid has a number average molecular weight of 10 to 20 ten thousand; the number average molecular weight of the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer is 15 to 25 ten thousand.
10. The method for preparing the anti-aging and anti-impact polylactic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized in that: and (3) placing the polylactic acid and the hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer into an internal mixer according to the proportion, wherein the internal mixing time is 5-20min, the internal mixing temperature is 170-200 ℃, and the torque is 40-80rpm, so as to obtain the anti-aging impact-resistant polylactic acid.
CN202310770289.4A 2023-06-28 2023-06-28 Hydrogenated epoxidized thermoplastic elastomer toughened polylactic acid and preparation method thereof Pending CN116874800A (en)

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