CN116868841A - A method of ecological construction on exposed rock surfaces - Google Patents
A method of ecological construction on exposed rock surfaces Download PDFInfo
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- CN116868841A CN116868841A CN202310891588.3A CN202310891588A CN116868841A CN 116868841 A CN116868841 A CN 116868841A CN 202310891588 A CN202310891588 A CN 202310891588A CN 116868841 A CN116868841 A CN 116868841A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protection of plants
- A01G13/30—Ground coverings
- A01G13/32—Mats; Nets; Sheets or films
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了本一种裸露岩石表面进行生态构建的方法,其特征在于：包括以下步骤：对岩石坡面进行机械破碎得到碎石块；将所得岩石碎块与改良材料以及其余改良剂混合得到第一修复基质与第二修复基质；在裸露岩石坡面挂装防护网；挂网结束后将第一修复基质与第二修复基质先后喷播至修复岩面；喷播后在修复表面覆盖养护材料养护一段时间；待种子发芽后，掀开养护材料，经过一段时间生长形成植物群落。本发明实施例的施工方法简单，造价合理，绿化时效迅速，可适用范围广泛，施工简单，能够有效解决因修路、矿山开采等造成岩石裸露植被难以生长的问题，修复后的边坡植被覆盖率较高，有较好的水土保持性能，能够有实现裸露岩石边坡复绿。
The invention discloses a method for ecological construction on a bare rock surface, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps: mechanically crushing rock slopes to obtain gravel blocks; mixing the obtained rock fragments with improved materials and other improvers to obtain The first repair matrix and the second repair matrix; a protective net is hung on the exposed rock slope; after the net is hung, the first repair matrix and the second repair matrix are sprayed onto the repaired rock surface successively; after spraying, the repaired surface is covered and maintained The material is cured for a period of time; after the seeds germinate, the curing material is uncovered and the plant community grows over a period of time. The construction method of the embodiment of the present invention is simple, the cost is reasonable, the greening time is quick, the applicable range is wide, the construction is simple, and can effectively solve the problem of difficulty in growing vegetation on exposed rocks due to road construction, mining, etc., and the repaired slopes are covered with vegetation It has a high efficiency, good soil and water conservation performance, and can achieve greening of exposed rock slopes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a slope ecological management structure, in particular to a method for ecologically constructing a bare rock slope.
Background
In engineering construction of highways, railways, mines, water conservancy and the like, a large amount of earth and stone sides are excavated, the earth and stone sides excavate to destroy original vegetation, a large amount of exposed rock side slopes are caused, and serious water and soil loss and ecological environment unbalance are caused. The rock side slopes formed by the projects are large in gradient and hard in surface, and do not have soil and nutrient conditions required by the growth of a great amount of vegetation, and dangerous rock development can be promoted if the soil and nutrient conditions are not managed in time. The ecological balance of the slopes is recovered by the self force of the nature usually for a long time or even cannot be recovered at all, so that engineering measures are required to carry out engineering protection and ecological greening treatment on the slopes so as to prevent the slopes from being damaged, water and soil loss and to preserve water sources, purify air and beautify the environment.
Chinese patent CN202210833360.4 discloses a construction method for ecological greening of bare rock side slopes, which comprises the steps of firstly selecting a greening area on a rock side slope, then crushing rock fragments in the greening area, mixing the rock fragments with improved soil, plant fertilizer, livestock manure and the like to prepare a matrix, placing the matrix on the selected greening area, bricking around the matrix for protection, and realizing the construction of a side slope plant community by sowing grass seeds on the matrix. Although the method can realize vegetation reconstruction of the bare rock slope, the construction difficulty is high when the rock of the greening area is crushed and bricks are piled around the matrix for protection, and the method is not suitable for repairing the bare rock slope with high gradient. In addition, the method cannot enable the whole side slope to grow vegetation, only the selected greening area can grow plants, and the vegetation coverage of the restored side slope may be unsatisfactory.
Thus, in order to solve the above problems, a method for ecologically constructing a bare rock surface is proposed herein.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design the construction technology which is simple, can fully utilize the situation of the original side slope, reduce the disturbance of the original side slope as much as possible, and is suitable for repairing the bare rock side slope of 0-90 degrees; the restored vegetation coverage rate is high, the vegetation coverage is firm, and the ecological construction method for the exposed rock surface of the restored side slope can effectively reduce water and soil loss.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the ecological construction method for the exposed rock surface is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, mechanically crushing a rock face with an unsuitable angle and an uneven surface of the rock slope face to be repaired, and trimming to obtain rock fragments;
s2, mixing and uniformly stirring the rock fragments, the improved soil, the organic fertilizer, the adhesive and the bentonite to obtain a first repairing matrix; mixing and uniformly stirring the improved soil, the organic fertilizer, bentonite, the adhesive, the inorganic fertilizer and the grass seeds to obtain a second repairing matrix;
s3, hanging a protective net on the trimmed rock slope to be repaired;
s4, injecting normal-temperature clean water into the first repair matrix obtained in the step S2 and uniformly stirring to obtain a viscous first guest soil spray-seeding matrix, and injecting normal-temperature clean water into the second repair matrix obtained in the step S2 and uniformly stirring to obtain a viscous second guest soil spray-seeding matrix;
s5, spraying the first soil spraying matrix to the surface of the rock to be repaired by using a large-scale spraying machine; and after the first soil-spraying matrix is sprayed and the surface is hardened, spraying the second soil-spraying matrix onto the first soil-spraying matrix by using a large-sized spraying machine;
s6, covering maintenance materials on the slope after the second soil-covering spray-seeding matrix is sprayed and sown, and maintaining until the plant seeds germinate;
and S7, lifting the maintenance material after the seeds germinate, forming a luxuriant lawn after a period of time, and forming a plant community after a period of time.
Further, in the step S1, when the repaired rock surface is mechanically crushed, if the repaired rock surface has a bottom surface larger than 90 °, the bottom surface rock is crushed preferentially so that the elevation angle is smaller than 90 °, and if the slope surface to be repaired does not have a bottom surface, the crushed object is an uneven rock surface so as to obtain the required rock fragments; the particle size of the rock fragments is 1-3 cm.
In the step S2, the mass ratio of the rock fragments, the modified soil, the organic fertilizer, the binder and the bentonite in the first repairing matrix is (41-45): (38-40): (9-10): (2-3): (1-2); the mass ratio of soil improvement, organic fertilizer, bentonite, adhesive, inorganic fertilizer and grass seeds in the second repair matrix is (83-85): (1-2): (1-2): (0.6-1): (0.12-0.15).
Further, in the step S2, the soil improvement is a cohesive soil; the organic fertilizer is prepared from tremella waste fungus sticks, agrocybe cylindracea waste fungus sticks, termitomyces albuminosus waste fungus sticks and pholiota nameko waste fungus sticks which are removed of surface plastic films and crushed to be smaller than 0.5cm in particle size according to the following steps of 2:1:2:4, adding a proper amount of normal-temperature clean water in the mixing process to adjust the water content to be 60-70%; meanwhile, a proper amount of common bio-organic fertilizer fermentation inoculant sold in the market is added, and mixed fermentation is carried out to prepare the microbial fertilizer; the adhesive is prepared from cement and polyvinyl acetate according to the proportion of 0.5-1: mixing the materials according to the weight ratio of 0.4 to 0.8; the bentonite is common bentonite sold in the market; the inorganic fertilizer is commercially available; the plant seeds comprise one or more of ryegrass, fescue, alfalfa and grifola frondosa.
Further, in the step S3, the protection net is a metal net; the protection net is fixed to the repaired rock slope with rivets.
Further, the two layers of protection nets are hung together, the first layer of protection net and the second layer of protection net are separated by straw rods, and the straw rods are placed in a row every two meters.
Further, in the step S5, the first soil-guest spray-seeding substrate and the second soil-guest spray-seeding substrate are both 6cm in spray-seeding thickness.
In the step S7, the covering and curing material is non-woven fabric, the covering and curing time is 6-10 days, and the humidity of the substrate is kept at 50% -60% during curing.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) The construction process is simple, the situation of the original side slope is fully utilized, the disturbance of the original side slope is reduced as much as possible, and the method is suitable for repairing the bare rock side slope with the angle of 0-90 degrees;
2) The repairing matrix is directly sprayed on the hung protective net, and the protective net can reduce the falling of the matrix from the surface of the rock, provide attachment points for plant growth, and simultaneously help to reduce the problem of water and soil loss of the side slope after repairing;
3) The matrix covers the whole rock slope, and the vegetation coverage rate of the repaired slope is high;
4) The selected plants in the invention have strong adaptability and developed root systems, can grow under various climatic conditions, and can ensure higher vegetation survival rate and greening coverage rate; the later-period operation, maintenance and management are convenient, and the selected plants have good landscape effect besides realizing slope vegetation reconstruction;
5) The organic fertilizer used in the invention is prepared by composting and fermenting the waste fungus sticks, so that the resource utilization of waste is realized, and the high-nutrition organic fertilizer can be provided for promoting the growth of plants.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall construction flow of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a method for ecologically constructing a bare rock surface is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, mechanically crushing a rock face with an unsuitable angle and an uneven surface of the rock slope face to be repaired, and trimming to obtain rock fragments;
s2, mixing and uniformly stirring the rock fragments, the improved soil, the organic fertilizer, the adhesive and the bentonite to obtain a first repairing matrix; mixing and uniformly stirring the improved soil, the organic fertilizer, bentonite, the adhesive, the inorganic fertilizer and the grass seeds to obtain a second repairing matrix;
s3, hanging a protective net on the trimmed rock slope to be repaired;
s4, injecting normal-temperature clean water into the first repair matrix obtained in the step S2 and uniformly stirring to obtain a viscous first guest soil spray-seeding matrix, and injecting normal-temperature clean water into the second repair matrix obtained in the step S2 and uniformly stirring to obtain a viscous second guest soil spray-seeding matrix;
s5, spraying the first soil spraying matrix to the surface of the rock to be repaired by using a large-scale spraying machine; and after the first soil-spraying matrix is sprayed and the surface is hardened, spraying the second soil-spraying matrix onto the first soil-spraying matrix by using a large-sized spraying machine;
s6, covering maintenance materials on the slope after the second soil-covering spray-seeding matrix is sprayed and sown, and maintaining until the plant seeds germinate;
and S7, lifting the maintenance material after the seeds germinate, forming a luxuriant lawn after a period of time, and forming a plant community after a period of time.
In the step S1, when the repaired rock surface is mechanically crushed, when the repaired rock surface has a bottom surface larger than 90 degrees, the bottom surface rock is crushed preferentially, so that the elevation angle of the bottom surface rock is smaller than 90 degrees, and when the slope surface to be repaired does not have the bottom surface, the crushed object is an uneven rock surface so as to obtain required rock fragments; the particle size of the rock fragments is 1-3 cm. The angle and the flatness of the repaired rock surface meet the repairing requirement, and meanwhile, the rock fragments are crushed into particles with the particle size of 1-3 cm, so that the use requirement of the later-stage rock fragments is met.
In the step S2, the mass ratio of the rock fragments, the improved soil, the organic fertilizer, the adhesive and the bentonite in the first repair matrix is (41-45): (38-40): (9-10): (2-3): (1-2); the mass ratio of soil improvement, organic fertilizer, bentonite, adhesive, inorganic fertilizer and grass seeds in the second repair matrix is (83-85): (1-2): (1-2): (0.6-1): (0.12-0.15). The first repair matrix and the second repair matrix can be attached to the protective net when the first repair matrix and the second repair matrix meet the requirement of later-stage spray-seeding repair of the rock surface, and meet the nutritional requirement required by vegetation planting, so that the vegetation can grow normally.
In the step S2, the improved soil is cohesive soil; the organic fertilizer is prepared from tremella waste fungus sticks, agrocybe cylindracea waste fungus sticks, termitomyces albuminosus waste fungus sticks and pholiota nameko waste fungus sticks which are removed of surface plastic films and crushed to be smaller than 0.5cm in particle size according to the following steps of 2:1:2:4, adding a proper amount of normal-temperature clean water in the mixing process to adjust the water content to be 60-70%; meanwhile, a proper amount of common bio-organic fertilizer fermentation inoculant sold in the market is added, and mixed fermentation is carried out to prepare the microbial fertilizer; the adhesive is prepared from cement and polyvinyl acetate according to the proportion of 0.5-1: mixing the materials according to the weight ratio of 0.4 to 0.8; the bentonite is common bentonite sold in the market; the inorganic fertilizer is commercially available; the plant seeds comprise one or more of ryegrass, fescue, alfalfa and grifola frondosa. Realizes the resource utilization of wastes and can provide high-nutrition organic fertilizer for promoting plant growth; meanwhile, the selected plants are strong in adaptability, have developed root systems, can grow under various climatic conditions, and can ensure higher vegetation survival rate and greening coverage rate; the later-period operation, maintenance and management are convenient, and the selected plants have good landscape effect besides realizing slope vegetation reconstruction;
in the step S3, the protective net is a metal net; the protection net is fixed to the repaired rock slope with rivets. The protection net can be paved along with the repairing broken surface, and the protection net is firmly connected to the repairing rock surface.
The two layers of protection nets are hung together, the first layer of protection net and the second layer of protection net are separated by straw rods, and the straw rods are placed in a row every two meters. The spray-seeding repair matrix is sprayed and hung on the protective net, the double-layer protective net increases the attachment points of the repair matrix, the matrix can be well reduced from falling off from the surface of the rock, the attachment points are provided for plant growth, and meanwhile, the problem of water and soil loss of the side slope after repair is also facilitated to be reduced.
In the step S5, the spraying thickness of the first soil spraying substrate and the second soil spraying substrate is 6cm. The repairing layer has a certain thickness, meets the requirement of vegetation growth, and can completely cover the protective net to prevent the protective net from being damaged by exposing outside.
In the step S7, the covering maintenance material adopts non-woven fabrics, the covering maintenance time is 6-10 days, and the humidity of the substrate is kept to be 50-60% during the maintenance period. Ensuring that the planted vegetation can have a proper growth environment.
Example 2
The implementation condition of the rock slope surface with the lower face larger than 90 degrees under the technical scheme is described in the embodiment, and the steps are as follows:
step one, the existing rock slope surface has a majority of slope surface angles between 70 and 90 degrees, and a small part of slope surface is a bottom surface. Firstly, crushing the bottom surface by using machinery to ensure that the elevation angle is smaller than 90 degrees and obtain rock fragments with the grain size of 1-3 cm;
step two, mixing 45 weight percent of rock fragments with 40 weight percent of modified soil, 10 weight percent of organic fertilizer, 3 weight percent of adhesive and 2 weight percent of bentonite, and uniformly stirring to obtain a repair matrix 1; uniformly mixing 85% by weight of modified soil, 10% by weight of organic fertilizer, 1.85% by weight of bentonite, 2% by weight of adhesive, 1% by weight of inorganic fertilizer and 0.15% by weight of grass seed to obtain a repair matrix 2; wherein the modified soil is cohesive soil; the organic fertilizer is tremella waste fungus sticks, agrocybe cylindracea waste fungus sticks, termitomyces albuminosus waste fungus sticks and pholiota nameko waste fungus sticks according to the volume ratio of 2:1:2:4, mixing and fermenting to obtain the product; the adhesive is cement and polyvinyl acetate according to the weight of 1:0.8, mixing; the bentonite is common bentonite sold in the market.
Step three, hanging two layers of wire netting on the surface of the rock, fixing the wire netting on the surface of the rock by rivets, and separating the two layers of wire netting by straw rods with a gap of 5cm; after the wire netting is hung, mixing the substrate 1 with a proper amount of clear water, stirring to be sticky, spraying the sticky to the surface of the rock to be repaired, wherein the spraying thickness is 6cm; after the first layer of matrix is hardened, mixing the matrix 2 with a proper amount of clear water, stirring to be sticky, and then spraying the mixture onto the matrix 1, wherein the spraying thickness is 6cm.
And fourthly, covering the surface of the matrix after spray seeding with non-woven fabrics for maintenance, keeping the water content of the matrix to be about 50% all the time during maintenance, and removing the non-woven fabrics after the plant seeds germinate after 8 days of maintenance.
After the four steps, all the sowed grass seeds germinate, and the germination rate is over 95 percent; forming a luxuriant lawn after 25 days of growth, and forming a plant community after 40 days; the vegetation coverage rate of the repaired rock slope reaches more than 75%, and the water loss and soil loss are less than 10%; the vegetation coverage rate can still be kept above 70% after one year, and the water and soil loss is below 15%.
Example 3
The implementation condition under the condition that the lower slope face of the technical scheme is smaller than the rock slope face with the angle of the lower slope face of 90 degrees is described, and the implementation condition comprises the following steps:
step one, the existing rock slope surface has most slope surface angles between 45 degrees and 60 degrees; firstly, crushing the uneven slope by using machinery to make the uneven slope smooth and convenient for subsequent net hanging, and obtaining rock fragments with the grain size of 1-3 cm;
step two, mixing 45 weight percent of rock fragments with 40 weight percent of modified soil, 10 weight percent of organic fertilizer, 3 weight percent of adhesive and 2 weight percent of bentonite, and uniformly stirring to obtain a repair matrix 1; uniformly mixing 85% by weight of modified soil, 10% by weight of organic fertilizer, 1.85% by weight of bentonite, 2% by weight of adhesive, 1% by weight of inorganic fertilizer and 0.15% by weight of grass seed to obtain a repair matrix 2; wherein the modified soil is cohesive soil; the organic fertilizer is tremella waste fungus sticks, agrocybe cylindracea waste fungus sticks, termitomyces albuminosus waste fungus sticks and pholiota nameko waste fungus sticks according to the volume ratio of 2:1:2:4, mixing and fermenting to obtain the product; the adhesive is cement and polyvinyl acetate according to the weight of 1:0.8, mixing; the bentonite is common bentonite sold in the market;
step three, hanging two layers of wire netting on the surface of the rock, fixing the wire netting on the surface of the rock by rivets, and separating the two layers of wire netting by straw rods with a gap of 5cm; after the wire netting is hung, mixing the substrate 1 with a proper amount of clear water, stirring to be sticky, spraying the sticky to the surface of the rock to be repaired, wherein the spraying thickness is 6cm; mixing the substrate 2 with a proper amount of clear water after the first substrate is hardened, stirring to be sticky, and then spraying the mixture onto the substrate 1, wherein the spraying thickness is 6cm;
and fourthly, covering the surface of the matrix after spray seeding with non-woven fabrics for maintenance, keeping the water content of the matrix to be about 50% all the time during maintenance, and removing the non-woven fabrics after 7 days of maintenance and germination of plant seeds.
After the four steps, all the sowed grass seeds germinate, and the germination rate is over 95 percent; forming a luxuriant lawn after 20 days of growth, and forming a plant community after 40 days; the vegetation coverage rate of the repaired rock slope reaches more than 85%, and the water loss and soil loss are less than 5%; the vegetation coverage rate can still be kept above 75% after one year, and the water and soil loss is below 10%.
Claims (8)
1. A method for ecologically constructing a bare rock surface, comprising the steps of:
s1, mechanically crushing a rock face with an unsuitable angle and an uneven surface of the rock slope face to be repaired, and trimming to obtain rock fragments;
s2, mixing and uniformly stirring the rock fragments, the improved soil, the organic fertilizer, the adhesive and the bentonite to obtain a first repairing matrix; mixing and uniformly stirring the improved soil, the organic fertilizer, bentonite, the adhesive, the inorganic fertilizer and the grass seeds to obtain a second repairing matrix;
s3, hanging a protective net on the trimmed rock slope to be repaired;
s4, injecting normal-temperature clean water into the first repair matrix obtained in the step S2 and uniformly stirring to obtain a viscous first guest soil spray-seeding matrix, and injecting normal-temperature clean water into the second repair matrix obtained in the step S2 and uniformly stirring to obtain a viscous second guest soil spray-seeding matrix;
s5, spraying the first soil spraying matrix to the surface of the rock to be repaired by using a large-scale spraying machine; and after the first soil-spraying matrix is sprayed and the surface is hardened, spraying the second soil-spraying matrix onto the first soil-spraying matrix by using a large-sized spraying machine;
s6, covering maintenance materials on the slope after the second soil-covering spray-seeding matrix is sprayed and sown, and maintaining until the plant seeds germinate;
and S7, lifting the maintenance material after the seeds germinate, forming a luxuriant lawn after a period of time, and forming a plant community after a period of time.
2. A method of ecologically constructing a bare rock surface in accordance with claim 1 wherein: in the step S1, when the repaired rock surface is mechanically crushed, when the repaired rock surface has a bottom surface larger than 90 degrees, the bottom surface rock is crushed preferentially, so that the elevation angle of the bottom surface rock is smaller than 90 degrees, and when the slope surface to be repaired does not have the bottom surface, the crushed object is an uneven rock surface so as to obtain required rock fragments; the particle size of the rock fragments is 1-3 cm.
3. A method of ecologically constructing a bare rock surface in accordance with claim 1 wherein: in the step S2, the mass ratio of the rock fragments, the improved soil, the organic fertilizer, the adhesive and the bentonite in the first repair matrix is (41-45): (38-40): (9-10): (2-3): (1-2); the mass ratio of soil improvement, organic fertilizer, bentonite, adhesive, inorganic fertilizer and grass seeds in the second repair matrix is (83-85): (1-2): (1-2): (0.6-1): (0.12-0.15).
4. A method of ecologically constructing a bare rock surface in accordance with claim 1 wherein: in the step S2, the improved soil is cohesive soil; the organic fertilizer is prepared from tremella waste fungus sticks, agrocybe cylindracea waste fungus sticks, termitomyces albuminosus waste fungus sticks and pholiota nameko waste fungus sticks which are removed of surface plastic films and crushed to be smaller than 0.5cm in particle size according to the following steps of 2:1:2:4, adding a proper amount of normal-temperature clean water in the mixing process to adjust the water content to be 60-70%; meanwhile, a proper amount of common bio-organic fertilizer fermentation inoculant sold in the market is added, and mixed fermentation is carried out to prepare the microbial fertilizer; the adhesive is prepared from cement and polyvinyl acetate according to the proportion of 0.5-1: mixing the materials according to the weight ratio of 0.4 to 0.8; the bentonite is common bentonite sold in the market; the inorganic fertilizer is commercially available; the plant seeds comprise one or more of ryegrass, fescue, alfalfa and grifola frondosa.
5. A method of ecologically constructing a bare rock surface in accordance with claim 1 wherein: in the step S3, the protective net is a metal net; the protection net is fixed to the repaired rock slope with rivets.
6. A method of ecologically constructing a bare rock surface in accordance with claim 5 wherein: the two layers of protection nets are hung together, the first layer of protection net and the second layer of protection net are separated by straw rods, and the straw rods are placed in a row every two meters.
7. A method of ecologically constructing a bare rock surface in accordance with claim 1 wherein: in the step S5, the spraying thickness of the first soil spraying substrate and the second soil spraying substrate is 6cm.
8. A method of ecologically constructing a bare rock surface in accordance with claim 1 wherein: in the step S7, the covering maintenance material adopts non-woven fabrics, the covering maintenance time is 6-10 days, and the humidity of the substrate is kept to be 50-60% during the maintenance period.
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| CN119877574A (en) * | 2025-03-12 | 2025-04-25 | 北京清大绿源科技有限公司 | Rock vegetation slope protection method for near-natural ecological restoration |
| CN119951868A (en) * | 2025-02-13 | 2025-05-09 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | A soilless reclamation ecological restoration method |
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