CN116868705A - Tea garden machine of turning over - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tea garden soil turning machine, which comprises a soil throwing executing unit, a walking unit and a power output unit, wherein the soil throwing executing unit comprises a mounting frame, the upper end and the lower end of the mounting frame are respectively provided with a crank arm and a rocker arm, one end of the crank arm, which is far away from the mounting frame, is rotationally connected with a connecting rod arm through a first connecting rod, one end of the rocker arm, which is far away from the mounting frame, is rotationally connected with the connecting rod arm through a second connecting rod, a crank rocker mechanism is formed by the mounting frame, the crank arm, the rocker arm and the connecting rod arm, the tail end of the connecting rod arm is provided with a soil throwing part, the movement track of the tail end of the soil throwing part is a triangle-like closed track abc, and the closed track comprises a soil throwing movement track ab, a soil throwing and grass burying movement track bc and an air return movement track ac. The spiral soil-penetrating cutter can be deeply inserted into soil to form deeper tilling depth, meanwhile, the soil can be conveniently thrown and turned to achieve the purpose of burying grass, and the tea garden soil-turning machine has good tilling depth consistency.

Description

A kind of tea garden tiller

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a tea garden tiller.

Background technique

Due to the narrow roads in tea gardens and the small spacing between tea tree rows, tea garden soil tillage mainly relies on manual or small rotary tillers. However, most tea gardens are neglected in field management and the soil is seriously compacted. The above-mentioned tillers are effective in soil hardening and compaction. It is poor. Usually only the 100mm-150mm of soil on the surface of the tea garden can be rotary tilled. The plowing depth that can be achieved is often shallow, making it difficult to achieve deep loosening and deep plowing of the soil, which is not conducive to improving the soil's ability to retain water and fertilizer.

In addition, since chemical herbicides can cause pesticide residue problems on crops and reduce the quality of tea, we should try to avoid using chemical herbicides for weeding in tea gardens. However, the blade shaft of the above-mentioned mini-tiller rotates in one direction, and weeds are still floating on the surface during operation. On the ground surface, it is difficult to effectively bury weeds, and the weeding effect is poor.

At the same time, the blade shaft of the above-mentioned micro tillage machine rotates quickly and has a large impact during the operation, which requires certain strength and control skills of the operator. Otherwise, it is easy to lose control and endanger the life, health and safety of the operator.

Contents of the invention

Based on the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes a tea garden tiller, which simulates the action process of manually throwing soil with an iron fork through a specifically designed soil-throwing execution unit, power output unit and walking unit, and defines a category. The closed movement trajectory at the end of the triangular spiral soil-entering knife allows the spiral soil-entering knife to penetrate deeper into the soil to form a deeper plowing depth. At the same time, it is easy to turn over the soil to achieve the purpose of burying grass; the pre-pressure adjustment nut and buffer spring make the tea garden The tiller has good plowing depth consistency, good maneuverability in hilly and mountainous tea gardens, and is not prone to loss of control.

The invention proposes a tea garden tiller, which includes:

The soil throwing execution unit is used to deeply loosen and bury the tea garden soil;

Walking unit, used for the movement of the device;

Power output unit, used to drive the soil throwing execution unit and walking unit;

The soil throwing execution unit includes an installation frame. The upper and lower ends of the installation frame are respectively provided with crank arms and rocker arms. The end of the crank arm away from the installation frame is connected to a connecting rod through a first connecting rod. arm, the end of the rocker arm away from the mounting frame is rotationally connected to the connecting rod arm through a second connecting rod, and a crank rocker mechanism is formed by the mounting frame, crank arm, rocker arm and connecting rod arm. The end of the connecting rod arm is provided with a soil-throwing component, and the movement trajectory of the end of the soil-throwing component is a triangular-like closed trajectory abc. The closed trajectory includes a section of soil-entrying movement trajectory ab, a section of soil-throwing and grass-burying movement trajectory bc, and a section in the air. Return motion trajectory ac.

Preferably, the crank arm is connected to the installation frame through a crank pin, the crank pin is rotationally connected to the installation frame, and the rocker arm is connected to the installation frame through a rocker pin. , the rocker arm is rotationally connected to the installation frame through a rocker pin, a limiting column is provided at the end of the connecting rod arm, a buffer spring is connected to the bottom end of the limiting column, and the soil throwing component Movably connected with the limiting column.

Preferably, the soil-throwing component includes a shell, the shell is slidingly connected to the limiting column, the outer end of the limiting column is threaded with a limiting nut, and the inner end of the limiting column is threaded with a pre-pressure adjustment nut, a tool mounting rod is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the housing, the outer wall of the upper part of the tool mounting rod is fixedly connected to a first gear, the lower end of the tool mounting rod is fixedly connected to a screw-in soil knife through a screw, and the housing A shell cover is fixedly connected to the top of the shell cover with screws. A hydraulic motor is fixedly connected to the top of the shell cover. A second gear is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the output shaft of the hydraulic motor. The first gear and the second gear in the middle position are The remaining first gears are meshed and connected.

Preferably, the end of the screw-in soil knife is located on the extension line of the connecting rod arm to form a connecting rod extension rod. The proportional relationship in length of the installation frame, crank arm, rocker arm, connecting rod arm, and connecting rod extension rod is For: installation frame: crank arm: rocker arm: connecting rod arm: connecting rod extension = 3.6:1.3:1.8:3.2:4.9.

Preferably, the soil entry angle of the soil entry motion trajectory ab is 85°, the soil throwing angle of the soil throwing and grass burying motion trajectory bc is 30°, and the return angle of the air return motion trajectory ac is 15°.

Preferably, the lower end of the spiral soil-entering knife 1504 has a tapered structure, and the peripheral side wall of the spiral soil-entering knife 1504 is provided with a blade. The cross-section of the blade is an isosceles pentagon, and the blade has a spiral structure.

Preferably, the power output unit includes a load-bearing frame, and an engine, a reducer, a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic control component and a hydraulic oil tank are provided on the load-bearing frame. The output shaft of the engine is connected to the reducer through a coupling. The input shaft is fixedly connected, the outer wall of the engine output shaft is fixedly connected with a first pulley, the outer wall of the hydraulic pump input shaft is fixedly connected with a second pulley, the first pulley is drivingly connected to the second pulley through a transmission belt, so The hydraulic pump, the hydraulic control component and the hydraulic oil tank are connected through pipelines, and the hydraulic control component is connected to the hydraulic motor through a hydraulic hose;

Both ends of the reducer output shaft are fixedly connected to the first sprocket, the top of the load-bearing frame is fixedly connected to a bearing support, and a transmission support rod is rotatably connected to the bearing support. The transmission support rod is The outer wall is fixedly connected with the second sprocket, the third sprocket and the fourth sprocket respectively. The outer wall of the crank pin is fixedly connected with the fifth sprocket. The first sprocket and the second chain are connected through the first transmission chain. The third sprocket is connected to the fifth sprocket through a second transmission chain. The bottom of the load-bearing frame is rotatably connected to a first transmission shaft and a second transmission shaft respectively. The first transmission shaft has A sixth sprocket is fixedly connected to the outer wall, and the fourth sprocket is drivingly connected to the sixth sprocket through a third transmission chain. A third gear is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first transmission shaft and the outer wall of the second transmission shaft respectively. , the fourth gear, the third gear is meshed with the fourth gear.

Preferably, the walking unit includes a front iron wheel, a rear iron wheel and a handrail. The bottom end of the installed frame is rotatably connected to a front wheel pin, and the front iron wheel is engaged with the front wheel pin, so The bottom end of the load-bearing frame is rotatably connected to a rear wheel shaft, the rear iron wheel is clamped on the outer end of the rear wheel shaft, and the inner end of the rear wheel shaft is drivingly connected to the second transmission shaft through a tooth clutch. A left clutch control handle and a right clutch control handle are respectively fixedly connected to the top of the armrest, and an emergency stop button is installed on the right clutch control handle.

Preferably, a front anti-skid arc plate is welded to the peripheral side wall of the outer hub of the front iron wheel, and the angle α between the front anti-skid arc plate and the radius extension of the outer hub is 15°-60°; the rear iron wheel A rear anti-skid arc plate is welded to the peripheral side wall of the outer hub, and the angle β between the rear anti-skid arc plate and the radius extension of the outer hub is 15°-60°.

Preferably, the rotation direction of the crank arm is clockwise, and the front iron wheel and the rear iron wheel rotate counterclockwise to allow the tea garden tiller to operate in a backward manner.

Beneficial technical effects of the present invention:

1. The specially designed soil-throwing execution unit in the present invention includes an installation frame, a crank arm, a rocker arm and a connecting rod arm to form a symmetrically arranged crank-rocker mechanism, with uniform force, simple structure and low manufacturing cost. , simulating the process of manually throwing soil with an iron fork, and driving the screw soil-entering knife into the soil through the crank rocker mechanism to complete the action of throwing soil and burying grass. Compared with the small rotary micro-tiller rotary tilling and throwing soil, this tea garden tiller can achieve Deeper plowing makes the soil looser, which is beneficial to the growth of tea trees and improves the soil's ability to retain water and fertilizer.

2. The present invention provides a specific length proportional relationship and specific length dimensions of the four-bar mechanism, thereby defining a closed movement trajectory of the end of a triangular-like spiral soil-inserting knife. The closed trajectory includes a section with an insertion angle of about 85°. The soil-entrying movement trajectory ab facilitates the spiral soil-entry knife to be inserted deeper into the soil to form a deeper plowing depth. The soil-throwing and grass-burying movement trajectory bc with a soil-throwing angle of about 30° facilitates the cutting of the soil and makes it easier to turn over the soil. The soil surface of the weeds is tilted downward to bury the weeds, and plowing and weeding operations can be carried out at the same time.

3. The specially designed soil-throwing component of the present invention includes a spiral soil-entering knife that is inserted into the soil in a rotating manner, causing disturbance to the soil during the soil-entering process, thereby reducing the soil-entry resistance of the spiral soil-entering knife; when the tea garden is plowed When the earth machine needs to operate in a tea garden with relatively hard soil, the pre-pressure adjustment nut can be screwed clockwise toward the outside of the limit column to increase the pre-compression amount of the buffer spring, thus increasing the soil-entry pressure of the spiral soil-entry knife. It is ensured that the tea garden tiller can maintain the required tillage depth when operating in tea gardens with relatively hard soil. The tillage depth will not be reduced due to the hard soil in the tea garden, and vice versa, so that the tea garden tiller has good Cultivating consistency.

4. The specially designed walking unit in the present invention has a self-propelled function. The front iron wheel and the rear iron wheel it includes are welded with anti-slip arc plates with specific inclination angles, so that the tea garden tiller can rotate in the crank rocker mechanism. It has good ground-grabbing performance when driving the soil-throwing part to throw soil, and makes the anti-slip arc plate less likely to be clogged with soil, which prevents the tea garden tiller from slipping when the soil-throwing part throws soil, and facilitates the tea garden plowing. The machine can walk in the hilly and mountainous tea gardens with large slopes, and can realize the steering function through the left and right tooth clutches, giving it good maneuverability.

5. The specially designed power output unit in the present invention includes a reducer that reduces the engine speed so that the soil-throwing component can perform soil-throwing and grass-burying operations at a speed of 60 rpm. Compared with traditional micro-tillers, the tea garden The slow operation speed of the earth-turning machine makes it less impactful and easy to operate when carrying out earth-throwing and grass-burying operations. It has low requirements on the operator and is less likely to lose control.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the tea garden tiller proposed by the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the spiral soil-entering knife proposed by the present invention in the soil-embedding state;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the spiral soil inserting knife proposed by the present invention in a soil throwing state;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the spiral soil inserting knife proposed by the present invention when it returns in the air;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the soil throwing execution unit proposed by the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the housing proposed by the present invention;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the length relationship between the AB section on the mounting frame, the BC section on the crank arm, the AD section on the rocker arm, the CD section on the connecting rod arm, and the CE section on the connecting rod extension rod proposed by the present invention;

Figure 8 is a schematic connection diagram of the load-bearing frame proposed by the present invention;

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the load-bearing vehicle frame, the installation frame and the handrail proposed by the present invention;

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the connecting rod arm and the limiting column proposed by the present invention;

Figure 11 is a motion trajectory diagram of the end of the spiral soil inserting knife proposed by the present invention;

Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the spiral soil inserting knife proposed by the present invention;

Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the cross section of the spiral soil inserting knife proposed by the present invention;

Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the front iron wheel proposed by the present invention;

Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the rear iron wheel proposed by the present invention.

In the picture: 1-soil throwing execution unit, 11-installation frame, 12-crank arm, 13-rocker arm, 14-link arm, 15-soil throwing component, 1501-casing, 1502-tool mounting rod, 1503-first gear, 1504-screw burr, 1505-shell cover, 1506-hydraulic motor, 1507-second gear, 16-crank pin, 17-rocker pin, 18-first connecting rod, 19- Second connecting rod, 110-limit column, 111-buffer spring, 112-limit nut, 113-preload adjustment nut, 2-power output unit, 21-load-bearing frame, 22-engine, 23-reducer, 24-Hydraulic pump, 25-Hydraulic control components, 26-Hydraulic oil tank, 27-First pulley, 28-Second pulley, 29-Transmission belt, 210-Hydraulic hose, 211-First sprocket, 212-Bearing support Seat, 213-transmission support rod, 214-second sprocket, 215-third sprocket, 216-fourth sprocket, 217-fifth sprocket, 218-first transmission chain, 219-second transmission chain, 220-first transmission shaft, 221-second transmission shaft, 222-sixth sprocket, 223-third transmission chain, 224-third gear, 225-fourth gear, 3-traveling unit, 31-front iron Wheel, 3101-front anti-skid arc plate, 32-rear iron wheel, 3201-rear anti-skid arc plate, 33-armrest, 3301-left clutch control handle, 3302-right clutch control handle, 3303-emergency stop button, 34-front Wheel pin, 35-rear wheel shaft, 36-jaw clutch.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

Referring to Figure 1, the present invention proposes a tea garden tiller, which includes a soil throwing execution unit 1, a power output unit 2 and a walking unit 3; the soil throwing execution unit 1 is used for deep loosening and burying grass in tea garden soil, and the power output unit 2 is used to drive the operation of soil throwing execution unit 1 and walking unit 3.

For the soil throwing execution unit 1, it includes an installation frame 11, a crank arm 12, a rocker arm 13, a connecting rod arm 14, and a soil throwing component 15. There are two crank arms 12 and two rocker arms 13. The installation machine The frame 11 , the crank arm 12 , the rocker arm 13 and the connecting rod arm 14 form a symmetrically arranged crank and rocker mechanism, and the soil throwing component 15 is installed at the end of the connecting rod arm 14 .

In addition, referring to Figures 5, 9 and 10, the upper and lower ends of the mounting frame 11 are respectively rotatably connected to a crank pin 16 and a rocker pin 17, and the crank arm 12 is fixedly connected to the peripheral side of the crank pin 16. On the wall, the other end of the crank arm 12 is rotationally connected to the connecting rod arm 14 through the first connecting rod 18. The rocker arm 13 is fixedly connected to the peripheral side wall of the rocker pin 17. The other end of the rocker arm 13 passes through the third connecting rod 18. The two connecting rods 19 are rotationally connected to the connecting rod arm 14. The end of the connecting rod arm 14 is provided with an L-shaped platform for placing the soil throwing component 15. The end of the connecting rod arm 14 is provided with a limiting column 110. The limiting column 110 is provided with a total of four The limiting posts 110 are arranged symmetrically. The bottom end of the limiting posts 110 is sleeved with a buffer spring 111. The soil throwing component 15 is movably connected with the limiting posts 110.

Referring to Figure 6, Figure 10 and Figure 12, the soil throwing component 15 includes a housing 1501, a cutter mounting rod 1502, a first gear 1503, a screw inserting knife 1504, a shell cover 1505, a hydraulic motor 1506, a second gear 1507, and the housing 1501 It is slidingly connected to the limiting column 110. The edge of the housing 1501 is provided with an ear plate slidingly connected to the limiting column 110. The ear plate is provided with a through hole that cooperates with the limiting column 110 and slides. The inner end circumference of the limiting column 110 is The side walls and the outer end peripheral side walls of the limit column 110 are all provided with threads. The outer end of the limit column 110 is threadedly connected to a limit nut 112. The limit nut 112 is arranged on the outer end of the limit column 110 to prevent the earth-throwing component. 15 plays a limiting role. The inner end of the limiting column 110 is threaded with a pre-pressure adjusting nut 113. The buffer spring 111 is set between the housing 1501 and the pre-pressure adjusting nut 113. A tool is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the housing 1501. The installation rod 1502 and the tool installation rod 1502 penetrate through the bottom wall of the housing 1501. There are three tool installation rods 1502 arranged linearly and equidistantly. The upper end of the tool installation rod 1502 is limited by a limit plate. The upper end is rotatably connected to the limit plate through a bearing. The middle part of the tool mounting rod 1502 is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the housing 1501 through the bearing. The outer wall of the upper part of the tool mounting rod 1502 is fixedly connected to the first gear 1503. The lower end of the tool mounting rod 1502 The screw knives 1504 are fixedly connected with screws. The distance between the two outermost screw knives 1504 is 350mm. The top of the shell 1501 is connected with a shell cover 1505 with screws. The top of the shell cover 1505 is connected with a hydraulic screw. The output shaft of the motor 1506 and the hydraulic motor 1506 penetrates the shell cover 1505. The outer wall of the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 1506 is fixedly connected with a second gear 1507. The first gear 1503 in the middle position meshes with the second gear 1507 and the other two first gears 1503. connect. The hydraulic motor 1506 converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy. The output shaft of the hydraulic motor 1506 drives the second gear 1507 to rotate. The second gear 1507 meshes with the first gear 1503 in the middle position of the transmission. The first gear 1503 in the middle position meshes with the first gear 1503 on both sides of the transmission respectively. A gear 1503 rotates each cutter mounting rod 1502, thereby driving the spiral soil inserting cutter 1504 to rotate into the soil.

The pre-pressure adjusting nut 113 of the present invention cooperates with the buffer spring 111 to ensure that the tea garden tiller can reach the required tilling depth in tea gardens with hard or soft soil. By changing the position of the pre-pressure adjusting nut 113 on the limiting column 110 The position adjusts the preload amount of the buffer spring 111.

When the tea garden tiller needs to operate in a tea garden with relatively hard soil, the pre-pressure adjustment nut 113 is screwed clockwise toward the outside of the limiting column 110, so that the pre-compression amount of the buffer spring 111 is increased, and the crank rocker is The force of the mechanism is more directly transmitted to the auger blade 1504, thereby increasing the auger blade 1504's auger pressure to ensure that the tea garden tiller can maintain the required plowing depth when operating in tea gardens with relatively hard soil. Due to the hard soil in the tea garden, the depth of cultivation will be reduced.

When the tea garden tiller needs to operate in a tea garden with relatively soft soil, the pre-pressure adjustment nut 113 is screwed counterclockwise toward the inside of the limiting column 110, so that the pre-compression amount of the buffer spring 111 is reduced, and the crank rocker Part of the force of the mechanism is dispersed to the buffer spring 111, thereby reducing the soil entry pressure of the spiral soil entry knife 1504 to ensure that the tea garden tiller can maintain the required tillage depth when operating in tea gardens with relatively soft soil. Because the tea garden soil is soft, the depth of cultivation is increased.

The end of the screw-in soil knife 1504 is the end of the soil-throwing component 15. The end of the soil-throwing component 15 is located on the extension line of the connecting rod arm 14 to form a connecting rod extension rod. The mounting frame 11, crank arm 12, rocker arm 13, and connecting rod are installed. The proportional relationship between the length of the rod arm 14 and the connecting rod extension rod is: installation frame: crank arm: rocker arm: connecting rod arm: connecting rod extension rod = 3.6:1.3:1.8:3.2:4.9. The installation frame 11, the crank arm 12, the connecting rod arm 14 and the rocker arm 13 form a symmetrically arranged crank and rocker mechanism. The crank arm 12 rotates clockwise to simulate the action process of manually throwing soil with an iron fork. Through the crank and rocker mechanism By driving the spiral soil-entering knife 1504 into the soil and completing the action of throwing soil and burying grass, it can reach a deeper plowing depth and loosen the soil, which is beneficial to the growth of tea trees and improves the soil's water storage and fertilizer capacity.

Referring to Figures 2-4 and 11, the motion trajectory of the end of the soil throwing component 15 is a triangular-like closed trajectory. The closed trajectory includes a section of the soil entry motion trajectory ab with a soil penetration angle of approximately 85°, and a section of soil throwing movement trajectory ab with a soil penetration angle of approximately 40°. The grass movement trajectory bc, the closed trajectory also includes a section of air return movement trajectory ac with a return angle of about 15°, the soil entry angle is the angle between the movement direction of the spiral soil entry knife 1504 and the horizontal direction during the soil entry stroke; the soil throwing angle is during the soil throwing stroke, The angle between the movement direction of the spiral soil-entering knife 1504 and the horizontal direction; the return angle is the angle between the movement direction of the spiral soil-entering knife 1504 and the horizontal direction during the return stroke.

The spiral soil-entering knife 1504 is inserted into the soil almost vertically at a soil-entry angle of about 85° in the section ab of the soil-entry movement trajectory, so that the spiral soil-entering knife 1504 is inserted deeper into the soil to form a deeper plowing depth; the spiral soil-entering knife 1504 is throwing away soil and burying grass. The bc section of the motion trajectory throws the cut soil over at a throwing angle of about 40°, so that the soil surface layer with weeds is tilted downward to achieve the purpose of burying weeds; in the aerial return motion trajectory ac section, the return angle is about 15° °Quickly return the spiral soil inserting knife 1504 to the starting point of the next soil throwing cycle.

Referring to Figure 7, in this embodiment, the lengths of the AB section on the mounting frame 11, the BC section on the crank arm 12, the AD section on the rocker arm 13, the CD section on the connecting rod arm 14, and the CE section on the connecting rod extension rod are respectively For 360mm, 130mm, 180mm, 320mm, 490mm.

Referring to Figure 13, the lower end of the spiral soil-entering knife 1504 has a tapered structure to reduce the resistance to soil penetration. The peripheral side walls of the spiral soil-entering knife 1504 are provided with blades. The blades are distributed annularly and equidistantly with the axis of the spiral soil-entering knife 1504 as the center. The cross-section is an isosceles pentagon, the height H of the blade is 5mm, the bottom width EF of the blade is 4mm, the lower waist length FG of the blade is 4.5mm, the upper waist length GK of the blade is 1.25mm, and the blade has a spiral structure. The spiral soil-entering knife 1504 is inserted into the soil in a rotating manner, and disturbs the soil during the process of entering the soil, so as to reduce the soil-entry resistance of the spiral soil-entering knife 1504.

Referring to Figures 1, 8, and 9, the power output unit 2 includes a load-bearing frame 21, an engine 22, a reducer 23, a hydraulic pump 24, a hydraulic control component 25, and a hydraulic oil tank 26. The engine 22 adopts the 170F model with an output speed of 3000 rpm. For the gasoline engine, the reducer 23 adopts a double output shaft worm gear reducer 23 with a reduction ratio of 1/50. The engine 22, reducer 23, hydraulic pump 24, hydraulic control component 25, and hydraulic oil tank 26 are fixedly connected to the load-bearing frame 21. The output shaft of the engine 22 is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the reducer 23 through a coupling. Through the deceleration effect of the reducer 23, the rotation speed of the output shaft of the reducer 23 is 60 rpm. The outer wall of the output shaft of the engine 22 is fixedly connected with a first pulley 27 , a second pulley 28 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the input shaft of the hydraulic pump 24. The first pulley 27 and the second pulley 28 are both provided with two wheel grooves. The first pulley 27 is drivingly connected to the second pulley 28 through the transmission belt 29. There are two belts 29. The hydraulic pump 24, the hydraulic control component 25 and the hydraulic oil tank 26 are connected through pipelines. The hydraulic control component 25 includes conventional hydraulic control components such as a throttle valve and a reversing valve. The hydraulic control component 25 passes through The hydraulic hose 210 is connected to the hydraulic motor 1506. The engine 22 drives the hydraulic pump 24 to suck oil from the hydraulic tank 26 through the transmission belt 29. The hydraulic pump 24 converts the mechanical energy of the engine 22 into hydraulic energy. The hydraulic medium enters the hydraulic pressure through the pipeline through the hydraulic control component 25. The inside of the left cavity of the motor 1506 causes the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 1506 to rotate. The hydraulic motor 1506 converts the hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, thereby driving the screw soil inserting knife 1504 to rotate into the soil. The hydraulic medium discharged from the right cavity of the hydraulic motor 1506 flows through the hydraulic control component 25 Return to hydraulic oil tank 26.

Both ends of the output shaft of the reducer 23 are fixedly connected to the first sprocket 211. The first sprocket 211 is symmetrically arranged with the reducer 23 as the center. The top of the load-bearing frame 21 is fixedly connected to the bearing support 212. The bearing support 212 There is a transmission support rod 213 connected to the inner rotation. The outer wall of the transmission support rod 213 is fixedly connected with the second sprocket 214, the third sprocket 215 and the fourth sprocket 216 respectively. The outer wall of the crank pin 16 is fixedly connected with the fifth sprocket. 217. The first sprocket 211 is drivingly connected to the second sprocket 214 through the first transmission chain 218, the third sprocket 215 is drivingly connected to the fifth sprocket 217 through the second transmission chain 219, and the bottom of the load-bearing frame 21 is rotationally connected respectively. There is a first transmission shaft 220 and a second transmission shaft 221. The outer wall of the first transmission shaft 220 is fixedly connected with a sixth sprocket 222. The fourth sprocket 216 is transmission connected with the sixth sprocket 222 through the third transmission chain 223. The outer walls of the first transmission shaft 220 and the second transmission shaft 221 are respectively fixedly connected with a third gear 224 and a fourth gear 225. The transmission ratio of the third gear 224 and the fourth gear 225 is 1:4. The fourth gear 225 is meshed and connected;

The output shaft of the reducer 23 transmits power to the transmission support rod 213 to rotate through the first sprocket 211, the second sprocket 214 and the first transmission chain 218. The transmission support rod 213 passes through the third sprocket 215 and the fifth sprocket. 217 and the second transmission chain 219 transmit power to the crank arm 12 to rotate clockwise, further driving the spiral soil inserting knife 1504 to perform reciprocating soil inserting and soil throwing actions;

At the same time, the power is transmitted to the first transmission shaft 220 through the fourth sprocket 216 and the sixth sprocket 222 to rotate clockwise. The third gear 224 fixed on the first transmission shaft 220 engages and drives the fourth gear 225 to cause the second gear 220 to rotate clockwise. The transmission shaft 221 rotates counterclockwise, and the second transmission shaft 221 rotates the rear iron wheel 32 counterclockwise through the combination of the left and right tooth clutches 36, thereby making the tea garden tiller walk backwards, and the tea garden tiller moves backward through the left or right two tooth clutches 36. The separation of the tooth clutch 36 enables the tea garden tiller to have a steering function.

Referring to Figures 1, 8, 9, 14 and 15, the walking unit 3 includes a front iron wheel 31, a rear iron wheel 32 and a handrail 33. The outer diameter of the outer hub of the front iron wheel 31 is 280mm. The circumferential side wall of the outer hub of the iron wheel 31 is welded with front anti-skid arc plates 3101. The front anti-skid arc plates 3101 are distributed in an annular and equidistant form. The height of the front anti-skid arc plates 3101 is 35mm. The included angle α is 15°-60°, preferably 30°, so that the front anti-skid arc plate 3101 is not easily blocked by soil; the outer diameter of the outer hub of the rear iron wheel 32 is 350mm, and the circumferential side of the outer hub of the rear iron wheel 32 The rear anti-skid arc plate 3201 is welded to the wall. The rear anti-skid arc plate 3201 is distributed equidistantly in an annular shape. The height of the rear anti-skid arc plate 3201 is 40mm. The angle β between the rear anti-skid arc plate 3201 and the extension line of the outer hub radius is 15°- 60°, preferably 30°, makes the rear anti-slip arc plate 3201 less likely to be clogged with soil.

The bottom end of the installation frame 11 is rotatably connected to the front wheel pin 34, and the front iron wheel 31 is engaged with the front wheel pin 34. The bottom end of the load-bearing frame 21 is rotatably connected to the rear wheel shaft 35, and the front iron wheel 31 There are two rear iron wheels 32. The rear iron wheels 32 are clamped on the outer end of the rear wheel rotating shaft 35. The inner end of the rear wheel rotating shaft 35 is drivingly connected to the second transmission shaft 221 through a tooth clutch 36. The armrest The top of 33 is fixedly connected with a left clutch control handle 3301 and a right clutch control handle 3302 respectively. The left clutch control handle 3301 controls the combination and separation of the left dog clutch 36, and the right clutch control handle 3302 controls the combination of the right dog clutch 36. and separate, the right clutch control handle 3302 is equipped with an emergency stop button 3303. The emergency stop button 3303 is used to shut down the engine 22 with one button and quickly stop the engine 22. When the left and right tooth clutches 36 are combined at the same time, the tea garden tiller moves backward Walking backwards, when the left jaw clutch 36 is combined and the right jaw clutch 36 is separated, the tea garden tiller turns to the left. When the left jaw clutch 36 is separated and the right jaw clutch 36 is combined, the tea garden tiller turns to the right. Steering.

Working principle: start the engine 22, and after deceleration by the reducer 23, the output shaft of the reducer 23 transmits power to the transmission support rod 213 through the first sprocket 211, the second sprocket 214 and the first transmission chain 218 to rotate. The support rod 213 transmits power to the crank arm 12 through the third sprocket 215, the fifth sprocket 217 and the second transmission chain 219 to cause it to rotate clockwise;

At the same time, the engine 22 drives the hydraulic pump 24 to suck oil from the hydraulic oil tank 26 through the transmission belt 29. The hydraulic medium enters the hydraulic motor 1506 through the pipeline through the hydraulic control component 25, causing the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 1506 to rotate, thereby driving the screw soil inserting knife 1504 to rotate, and the rack is installed. 11. The crank-rocker mechanism composed of the crank arm 12, the connecting rod arm 14 and the rocker arm 13 further drives the screw soil inserting knife 1504 to perform reciprocating soil inserting, throwing soil and burying grass.

While the spiral soil inserting knife 1504 is performing the reciprocating actions of inserting and throwing soil, it transmits power to the first transmission shaft 220 through the fourth sprocket 216 and the sixth sprocket 222 to rotate clockwise, and the third gear 224 meshes to drive the fourth sprocket. The gear 225 rotates the second transmission shaft 221 counterclockwise, and the second transmission shaft 221 rotates the rear iron wheel 32 counterclockwise through the combination of the left and right tooth clutches 36, thereby making the tea garden tiller move backwards. Operation.

Claims (10)

1. A tea garden soil plowing machine, which is characterized in that it includes: The soil throwing execution unit (1) is used to deeply loosen and bury the tea garden soil; Walking unit (3), used for moving the device; The power output unit (2) is used to drive the soil throwing execution unit (1) and the walking unit (3); The soil throwing execution unit (1) includes an installation frame (11). The upper and lower ends of the installation frame (11) are respectively provided with a crank arm (12) and a rocker arm (13). The crank arm (12) ) is connected to a connecting rod arm (14) at one end away from the mounting frame (11) through a first connecting rod (18), and the rocker arm (13) is connected at an end away from the mounting frame (11) through a second connecting rod (18). The connecting rod (19) is rotationally connected to the connecting rod arm (14), and a crank-rocker mechanism is formed by installing the frame (11), the crank arm (12), the rocker arm (13) and the connecting rod arm (14). The end of the connecting rod arm (14) is provided with a soil-throwing component (15), and the movement trajectory of the end of the soil-throwing component (15) is a triangular-like closed trajectory abc. The closed trajectory includes a section of the soil-moving movement trajectory ab, a section The movement trajectory of throwing soil and planting grass bc and the movement trajectory of a return trip in the air ac. 2. A tea garden tiller according to claim 1, characterized in that the crank arm (12) is connected to the installation frame (11) through a crank pin (16), and the crank pin (16) is rotationally connected to the installation frame (11), and the rocker arm (13) is connected to the installation frame (11) through a rocker pin (17). The rocker arm (13) The rocker pin (17) is rotatably connected to the installation frame (11). A limiting column (110) is provided at the end of the connecting rod arm (14), and the bottom end of the limiting column (110) is sleeved There is a buffer spring (111), and the soil throwing component (15) is movably connected with the limiting column (110). 3. A tea garden tiller according to claim 2, characterized in that the soil throwing component (15) includes a housing (1501), and the housing (1501) slides with the limiting column (110) connection, the outer end of the limit column (110) is threaded with a limit nut (112), the inner end of the limit column (110) is threaded with a pre-pressure adjustment nut (113), and the housing (1501) A tool mounting rod (1502) is rotatably connected to the inner cavity. The upper outer wall of the tool mounting rod (1502) is fixedly connected to a first gear (1503). The lower end of the tool mounting rod (1502) is fixedly connected to a screw through screws. Soil-entry knife (1504), the top of the housing (1501) is fixedly connected with a shell cover (1505) through screws, the top of the shell cover (1505) is fixedly connected with a hydraulic motor (1506), the hydraulic motor (1506 ) A second gear (1507) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the output shaft, and the first gear (1503) in the middle position is meshed with the second gear (1507) and the remaining first gears (1503). 4. A tea garden tiller according to claim 3, characterized in that the end of the spiral soil-entry knife (1504) is located on the extension line of the connecting rod arm (14) to form a connecting rod extension rod, and the installation machine The proportional relationship in length between the frame (11), crank arm (12), rocker arm (13), connecting rod arm (14), and connecting rod extension rod is: installation frame: crank arm: rocker arm: connecting rod Arm: connecting rod extension = 3.6:1.3:1.8:3.2:4.9. 5. A tea garden tiller according to claim 1, characterized in that the soil entry angle of the soil entry movement trajectory ab is 85°, the soil throwing angle of the soil throwing and grass burying movement trajectory bc is 30°, and the air return movement trajectory is 30°. The return angle of ac is 15°. 6. A tea garden tiller according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower end of the spiral soil-entering knife (1504) has a tapered structure, and the peripheral side wall of the spiral soil-entering knife (1504) is provided with a blade. The cross-section of the blade is an isosceles pentagon, and the blade has a spiral structure. 7. A tea garden tiller according to claim 1, characterized in that the power output unit (2) includes a load-bearing frame (21), and an engine (22) is provided on the load-bearing frame (21). ), reducer (23), hydraulic pump (24), hydraulic control component (25) and hydraulic oil tank (26). The output shaft of the engine (22) is fixed to the input shaft of the reducer (23) through a coupling. The outer wall of the output shaft of the engine (22) is fixedly connected with a first pulley (27), and the outer wall of the input shaft of the hydraulic pump (24) is fixedly connected with a second pulley (28). The first pulley (27) ) is connected to the second pulley (28) through the transmission belt (29). The hydraulic pump (24), the hydraulic control component (25) and the hydraulic oil tank (26) are connected through pipelines. The hydraulic control component (26) 25) Connect to the hydraulic motor (1506) through the hydraulic hose (210); Both ends of the output shaft of the reducer (23) are fixedly connected with the first sprocket (211), and the top of the load-bearing frame (21) is fixedly connected with a bearing support (212). The bearing support (212) ) is rotatably connected with a transmission support rod (213), and the outer wall of the transmission support rod (213) is fixedly connected with a second sprocket (214), a third sprocket (215), and a fourth sprocket (216) respectively. A fifth sprocket (217) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the crank pin (16), and the first sprocket (211) is drivingly connected to the second sprocket (214) through the first transmission chain (218), so The third sprocket (215) is drivingly connected to the fifth sprocket (217) through the second transmission chain (219). The bottom of the load-bearing frame (21) is rotatably connected to a first transmission shaft (220) and a second transmission shaft (220). Transmission shaft (221), the outer wall of the first transmission shaft (220) is fixedly connected with a sixth sprocket (222), and the fourth sprocket (216) is connected to the sixth sprocket through the third transmission chain (223). (222) Transmission connection. The outer walls of the first transmission shaft (220) and the second transmission shaft (221) are respectively fixedly connected with a third gear (224) and a fourth gear (225). The third gear (224) is meshed with the fourth gear (225). 8. A tea garden tiller according to claim 1, characterized in that the walking unit (3) includes a front iron wheel (31), a rear iron wheel (32) and a handrail (33). The bottom end of the installation frame (11) is rotatably connected to a front wheel pin (34), the front iron wheel (31) is engaged with the front wheel pin (34), and the bottom of the load-bearing frame (21) The rear wheel shaft (35) is rotatably connected to the rear wheel shaft (35), the rear iron wheel (32) is clamped on the outer end of the rear wheel shaft (35), and the inner end of the rear wheel shaft (35) passes through a tooth clutch (36). ) is drivingly connected to the second transmission shaft (221). The top of the armrest (33) is fixedly connected with a left clutch control handle (3301) and a right clutch control handle (3302) respectively. The right clutch control handle (3302) An emergency stop button (3303) is installed. 9. A tea garden tiller according to claim 8, characterized in that a front anti-skid arc plate (3101) is welded to the peripheral side wall of the outer hub of the front iron wheel (31), and the front anti-skid arc plate (3101) is welded to the outer hub of the front iron wheel (31). 3101) and the outer hub radius extension line is 15°-60°; the peripheral side wall of the outer hub of the rear iron wheel (32) is welded with a rear anti-skid arc plate (3201), and the rear anti-skid arc plate (3201) is welded to 3201) and the outer hub radius extension line β is 15°-60°. 10. A tea garden tiller according to claim 8, characterized in that the rotation direction of the crank arm (12) is clockwise, and the front iron wheel (31) and the rear iron wheel (32) Turn counterclockwise to allow the tea plantation tiller to operate in a backwards manner.