CN116851817A

CN116851817A - A CNC lathe keyway processing table

Info

Publication number: CN116851817A
Application number: CN202310908273.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴征威
Original assignee: University of Science and Technology of China USTC
Current assignee: University of Science and Technology of China USTC
Priority date: 2023-07-21
Filing date: 2023-07-21
Publication date: 2023-10-10

Abstract

The invention discloses a CNC lathe keyway processing table, which includes a seat beam, a support frame, a moving frame and a power mechanism. A chuck for clamping a workpiece is installed on the seat beam. The chuck is fixed against the outer ring of the workpiece. The support frame The body is movably connected to the seat beam, and the moving frame is located on the support frame. The moving frame is connected with a first moving rod and a second moving rod. One end of the first moving rod is equipped with a cutter head, and the second moving rod is connected with a lining rod through an adjusting assembly. , a cleaning component is configured on the lining rod. The cleaning component includes a ring body connected to the lining rod. A brush body is arranged around the outside of the ring body. The power mechanism includes a moving component and a driving component; in the present invention, the first moving rod drives the cutter head through the driving component. The keyway is machined with transverse reciprocating motion in the inner cavity of the workpiece. With the cooperation of the brush body moving to remove debris and the airflow blowing the debris, the debris can be quickly discharged from the inner cavity of the workpiece during the keyway processing to avoid debris accumulation. Stop the machine during processing to clean up debris.

Description

Key groove processing table of numerical control lathe

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a key groove machining table of a numerical control lathe.

Background

The key slot is mainly positioned on the transmission shaft, and a groove matched with the key is machined on the shaft or in the hole and is used for embedding the installation key to transmit torque.

At present, after a workpiece is clamped by a key groove machined on a numerical control lathe, the milling cutter is controlled to move relative to the workpiece to mill the groove, but the mode is mainly suitable for machining an outer key groove, and is not suitable for machining an inner key groove of the workpiece, meanwhile, scraps generated during machining of the inner key groove can remain in an inner cavity of the workpiece to cause blockage, and the scraps need to be shut down and cleaned for multiple times in the machining process.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a key slot processing table of a numerical control lathe, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a numerically controlled lathe keyway processing station, comprising:

the seat beam is provided with a chuck for clamping the workpiece, and the chuck is fixedly propped against the outer ring of the workpiece;

the support frame body is movably connected with the seat beam;

the movable frame is positioned on the supporting frame body, the movable frame is connected with a first movable rod and a second movable rod, a cutter head is arranged at one end of the first movable rod, the second movable rod is connected with a lining rod through an adjusting component, a cleaning component is arranged on the lining rod, the cleaning component comprises a ring body connected with the lining rod, and a brush body is arranged on the outer side of the ring body in a surrounding mode;

the power mechanism comprises a motion assembly and a driving assembly, wherein the motion assembly is used for adjusting the coordinate position of the supporting frame body on the seat beam, and the driving assembly is used for driving the first moving rod and the lining rod to transversely reciprocate in the inner cavity of the workpiece, so that the first moving rod processes an inner cavity key slot through the cutter head, and the lining rod processes processing scraps in the inner cavity of the workpiece at the cleaning position through the cleaning assembly.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the motion assembly comprises a first screw rod, wherein the first screw rod longitudinally extends and is in threaded connection with a longitudinal plate, and the longitudinal plate is fixedly connected with the supporting frame body.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the motion assembly further comprises a second screw rod, the second screw rod is rotationally connected with the seat beam, the second screw rod transversely extends and is in threaded connection with the transverse plate, the first screw rod is rotationally connected with the transverse plate, and the first screw rod and the second screw rod are respectively connected with a rotation source.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the adjusting component comprises a base plate arranged on the second moving rod and a telescopic source arranged on the base plate, the base plate extends vertically upwards, the movable end of the telescopic source is connected with the lining rod, so that the lining rod forms a chip storage position below one side of the first moving rod far away from the tool bit, and when a key slot is machined, the telescopic source drives the lining rod to move away from the first moving rod to drive the center line of the coil body to keep overlapping with the center line of the inner cavity of the workpiece, so that the brush body expands and uniformly contacts with the wall of the inner cavity of the workpiece.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the driving assembly comprises a guide rail and a power source, wherein the guide rail and the power source are arranged on the seat beam, the moving frame is in sliding connection with the guide rail, the output shaft of the power source is connected with a swing arm, the swing arm is embedded with a sliding plate, the sliding plate is fixedly connected with the moving frame, and the power source drives the swing arm to rotate around the output shaft so as to enable the swing arm to move along the embedded groove of the sliding plate.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the cleaning assembly further comprises an air bag arranged on the ring body, the tail end of the air bag is provided with an air inlet, the head end of the air bag is provided with an air outlet, the air outlet is connected with a pipeline penetrating through the ring body, the outer ring of the air bag is provided with a plurality of supporting belts, each supporting belt is provided with an inserting section and an entering section, and the inserting section can be inserted into the entering section to enable the supporting belts to be connected into a ring to flexibly support the air bag.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the ring body is also provided with an elastic ring belt, and the elastic ring belt can cover the air bag to be in a strip shape, so that the air bag can be moved out from the rear end after penetrating into the inner cavity from the front end of the workpiece.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, one part of the elastic endless belt can be sleeved at the rear end of the workpiece in an everting way, so that the lining rod pulls the air bag and the other part of the elastic endless belt to reciprocate into and out of the inner cavity of the workpiece when the inner cavity of the workpiece reciprocates, and the air bag contacts the other part of the elastic endless belt and is extruded by the inner cavity of the workpiece when entering the inner cavity of the workpiece, so that the volume of the air bag is reduced after extrusion, and blowing scraps are discharged from the air outlet to move outwards.

The invention also provides a key groove processing method, which specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, clamping an outer ring of a workpiece by using a chuck, and enabling two ends of the workpiece to extend out of the chuck;

s2, adjusting the coordinate position of the supporting frame body on the seat beam through the moving assembly to enable the tool bit and the ring body to enter the inner cavity of the workpiece;

s3, controlling the driving assembly to work, enabling the first moving rod to drive the tool bit to transversely reciprocate in the inner cavity of the workpiece to process the key groove, and enabling the lining rod to drive the brush body to transversely reciprocate in the inner cavity of the workpiece through the ring body to clean processing scraps.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the first moving rod drives the tool bit to transversely reciprocate in the inner cavity of the workpiece to process the key slot through the driving assembly;

under the cooperation work of the brushing body moving brushing off scraps and the airflow blowing scraps, scraps can be rapidly discharged out of the inner cavity of the workpiece in the process of processing the key groove, and the scraps are prevented from gathering, namely, a large number of scraps are prevented from being dragged back and forth in the inner cavity of the workpiece in the process of processing to cause a large number of scratches in the inner cavity of the workpiece and the key groove, so that the processing precision of the key groove of the inner cavity of the workpiece is ensured, and the processing efficiency of the key groove of the inner cavity of the workpiece is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a motion assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a driving assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the adjusting assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cleaning assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a stay strip structure in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an elastic band-wrapped airbag of the present invention in a strip shape;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a portion of an elastic band of the present invention being sleeved on a workpiece;

in the figure: 100. a seat beam; 200. a chuck; 300. a support frame; 400. a moving rack; 410. a first moving rod; 411. a cutter head; 420. a second moving rod; 430. a lining rod; 500. a motion assembly; 510. a first screw; 520. a longitudinal plate; 530. a second screw; 540. a cross plate; 550. a rotating source; 600. an adjustment assembly; 610. a backing plate; 620. a telescoping source; 630. a telescopic rod; 700. a cleaning assembly; 710. a ring body; 711. a brush body; 720. an air bag; 721. an air inlet; 722. an air outlet; 723. a pipe; 730. a supporting belt; 731. inserting a segment; 732. entering a section; 740. an elastic endless belt; 800. a drive assembly; 810. a guide rail; 820. a power source; 830. swing arms; 840. and (3) a sliding plate.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

The invention aims to process a key groove of a workpiece inner cavity, simultaneously, automatically discharge processing scraps, and clean scraps without stopping in the processing process, and particularly relates to the following examples.

Example 1

Provided is a key slot processing table of a numerical control lathe, which comprises a seat beam 100, a supporting frame 300, a movable frame 400 and a power mechanism.

Referring to fig. 1, a chuck 200 for clamping a workpiece is mounted on a seat beam 100, the chuck 200 is fixedly abutted against an outer ring of the workpiece, two ends of the chuck 200 are communicated, and a multi-jaw chuck 200 or other clamping discs available in the prior market are selected, and the outer ring for clamping the workpiece is kept stable, so that the two ends of the workpiece can extend out during clamping, i.e. the inner cavity of the workpiece is not blocked.

Referring to fig. 1, 3 and 5, a supporting frame 300 is movably connected with a seat beam 100, a moving frame 400 is located on the supporting frame 300, the moving frame 400 is connected with a first moving rod 410 and a second moving rod 420, a cutter head 411 is installed at one end of the first moving rod 410, the second moving rod 420 is connected with a lining rod 430 through an adjusting component 600, a cleaning component 700 is configured on the lining rod 430, the cleaning component 700 comprises a ring body 710 connected with the lining rod 430, a brush body 711 is arranged around the outer side of the ring body 710, the brush body 711 is preferably a soft brush and can be in movable contact with the inner cavity wall of a workpiece, and machining scraps adhered on the inner cavity wall of the workpiece are brushed down.

Referring to fig. 1, the power mechanism includes a moving assembly 500 and a driving assembly 800, the moving assembly 500 is used for adjusting the coordinate position of the supporting frame 300 on the seat beam 100, the driving assembly 800 is used for driving the first moving rod 410 and the lining rod 430 to reciprocate transversely in the inner cavity of the workpiece, so that the first moving rod 410 processes the key slot of the inner cavity through the tool bit 411, and the lining rod 430 cleans the processing chips in the inner cavity of the workpiece through the cleaning assembly 700.

Example 2

A numerically controlled lathe keyway processing station is provided on the basis of embodiment 1:

referring to fig. 5 and 6, the cleaning assembly 700 further includes an air bag 720 disposed on the ring 710, the air bag 720 is provided with an air inlet 721 at a tail end and an air outlet 722 at a head end, the air outlet 722 is connected with a pipe 723 passing through the ring 710, a plurality of support belts 730 are disposed on an outer ring of the air bag 720, each support belt 730 has an insertion section 731 and an insertion section 732, the insertion sections 731 can be inserted into the insertion sections 732 to enable the support belts 730 to be connected with the annular flexible support air bag 720, the air inlet 721 and the air outlet 722 adopt unidirectional ports, the air inlet 721 can only be used for air inlet, the air outlet 722 can only be used for air outlet, the support belts 730 are metal strips, the insertion sections 731 are located at one end of the support belts 730, the insertion sections 732 are located at the other end of the support belts 730, and the insertion sections 731 are inserted into the insertion sections 732 to enable the support belts 730 to be connected with the annular flexible support air bag 720, therefore, the air bag 720 can be in an expanded state, the air inlet 721 can be sucked through the air inlet 721, and after the support belts 730 are stressed circumferentially, the insertion sections 731 are continuously inserted into the insertion sections 732, the annular support belts 730 can be reduced in inner diameter, and the air bag 720 can be exhausted through the air outlet 722.

Referring to fig. 7, before the key slot is machined, since the air bag 720 is naturally expanded under the toughness of the supporting bands 730, and is required to be compressed and then passed through the inner cavity of the workpiece, if the air bag 720 is compressed manually, the operation is inconvenient, and meanwhile, if the air bag 720 is directly passed through the inner cavity of the workpiece, the air bag 720 is broken and leaked due to friction with the wall of the inner cavity, and therefore, the ring body 710 is further provided with an elastic ring band 740, the elastic ring band 740 can cover the air bag 720 to form a strip shape, so that the air bag 720 can be penetrated into the inner cavity from the front end of the workpiece and then removed from the rear end, and the elastic ring band 740 can be made of rubber material, so that the air bag 720 can pass through the inner cavity of the workpiece conveniently and nondestructively.

Referring to fig. 8, a portion of the elastic ring belt 740 may be turned over and sleeved at the rear end of the workpiece, so that the lining rod 430 pulls the air bag 720 and another portion of the elastic ring belt 740 to reciprocate into and out of the workpiece cavity when the workpiece cavity reciprocates, and the air bag 720 contacts another portion of the elastic ring belt 740 and is extruded by the workpiece cavity when entering the cavity, so that the air bag 720 is reduced in volume after extrusion to discharge blowing chips from the air outlet 722, and the other portion of the elastic ring belt 740 is turned over and sleeved at the rear end of the workpiece, so that the other portion of the elastic ring belt 740 can enter the workpiece cavity simultaneously with the air bag 720 to play a role of middle isolation, thereby avoiding the air bag 720 from directly contacting the workpiece cavity wall, reducing abrasion to the air bag 720, and the other portion of the elastic ring belt 740 is turned over and separated from the air bag 720 when the air bag 720 moves out of the cavity, and the air bag 720 expands and inhales under the toughness of the plurality of support belts 730 to prepare for entering the workpiece cavity next time.

Example 3

A numerically controlled lathe keyway processing station is provided on the basis of example 1 or example 2:

referring to fig. 4, the adjusting assembly 600 includes a pad 610 disposed on the second moving rod 420 and a telescopic source 620 mounted on the pad 610, the pad 610 extending vertically upward, the telescopic source 620 having a movable end connected to the lining rod 430, such that the lining rod 430 forms a chip storage location below a side of the first moving rod 410 remote from the cutter head 411, that is, chips generated by machining the key slot are not blocked by the lining rod 430, thereby allowing chips generated by machining the key slot to be stored at zero time at the chip storage location area, facilitating a subsequent discharge process.

Referring to fig. 4, since the key slot of the inner cavity of the workpiece needs to be gradually deepened, the brush body 711 is gradually close to the side where the key slot is machined, which causes a gap between the brush body 711 and the inner cavity wall of the workpiece, so that when the key slot is machined, the telescopic source 620 drives the lining rod 430 to move away from the first moving rod 410, so that the center line of the ring body 710 and the center line of the inner cavity of the workpiece remain overlapped, the brush body 711 expands to be uniformly contacted with the inner cavity wall of the workpiece, the telescopic source 620 is preferably a micro cylinder, and the power supply wire of the telescopic source 620 can be arranged inside the backing plate 610 and the first moving rod 410 in a penetrating manner, so that the lateral displacement stability of the lining rod 430 is ensured, and the telescopic rod 630 connected with the lining rod 430 is arranged on the backing plate 610.

Example 4

Providing a numerical control lathe keyway processing platform on the basis of any one of the embodiments above:

referring to fig. 3, the driving assembly 800 includes a guide rail 810 and a power source 820 disposed on the seat beam 100, the moving frame 400 is slidingly connected with the guide rail 810, an output shaft of the power source 820 is connected with a swing arm 830, the swing arm 830 is embedded with a sliding plate 840, the sliding plate 840 is fixedly connected with the moving frame 400, the power source 820 drives the swing arm 830 to rotate around the output shaft, so that the swing arm 830 moves along an embedded groove of the sliding plate 840, the power source 820 preferably uses a servo motor, and drives the swing arm 830 to rotate and move along the embedded groove of the sliding plate 840, thereby driving the moving frame 400 to reciprocate on the guide rail 810 by the reciprocating motion of the sliding plate 840, so as to drive the first moving rod 410 and the lining rod 430 to transversely reciprocate in the inner cavity of the workpiece to realize keyway processing and chip cleaning of the workpiece.

Referring to fig. 2, the motion assembly 500 includes a first screw 510, the first screw 510 extends longitudinally and is screwed with a longitudinal plate 520, the longitudinal plate 520 is fixedly connected with the support frame 300, the motion assembly 500 further includes a second screw 530, the second screw 530 is rotatably connected with the seat beam 100, the second screw 530 extends transversely and is screwed with a transverse plate 540, the first screw 510 is rotatably connected with the transverse plate 540, and the first screw 510 and the second screw 530 are respectively connected with a rotation source 550, preferably a motor, when a key slot is machined, the position of the support frame 300 on the seat beam 100 can be adjusted by driving the first screw 510 and the second screw 530 to rotate, that is, the tool bit 411 can enter the inner cavity of a workpiece, and the longitudinal position can be adjusted gradually in the process of machining the key slot, so that a key slot with a required depth can be machined.

Example 5

The key groove processing method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, clamping an outer ring of a workpiece by using a chuck 200, and enabling two ends of the workpiece to extend out of the chuck 200;

s2, adjusting the coordinate position of the supporting frame body 300 on the seat beam 100 through the moving assembly 500 to enable the tool bit 411 and the ring body 710 to enter the inner cavity of the workpiece;

s3, controlling the driving assembly 800 to work, enabling the first moving rod 410 to drive the tool bit 411 to transversely reciprocate in the inner cavity of the workpiece to process the key slot, and enabling the lining rod 430 to drive the brush body 711 to transversely reciprocate in the inner cavity of the workpiece through the ring body 710 to clean processing scraps.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A numerically controlled lathe keyway processing station, comprising:

the support frame body is movably connected with the seat beam;

2. The numerically controlled lathe keyway processing station of claim 1, wherein the motion assembly comprises a first screw extending longitudinally and threadably coupled to a longitudinal plate, the longitudinal plate being fixedly coupled to the support frame.

3. The numerically controlled lathe keyway processing station of claim 2, wherein the motion assembly further comprises a second screw, the second screw is rotatably connected to the seat beam, the second screw extends transversely and is threadably connected to the cross plate, the first screw is rotatably connected to the cross plate, and the first screw and the second screw are each connected to a source of rotation.

4. The numerically controlled lathe keyway processing station of claim 1, wherein the adjustment assembly comprises a backing plate disposed on the second transfer bar and a telescoping source mounted on the backing plate, the backing plate extending vertically upward, the telescoping source movable end being connected to the backing bar such that the backing bar forms a chip deposit under a side of the first transfer bar remote from the tool bit, and the telescoping source driving the backing bar to move away from the first transfer bar to drive the coil centerline to overlap the workpiece cavity centerline during keyway processing such that the brush body expands evenly into contact with the workpiece cavity wall.

5. The numerically controlled lathe keyway processing station of claim 1, wherein the drive assembly comprises a guide rail and a power source disposed on the seat beam, the movable frame is in sliding connection with the guide rail, the power source output shaft is connected with a swing arm, the swing arm is embedded with a slide plate, the slide plate is fixedly connected with the movable frame, and the power source drives the swing arm to rotate around the output shaft so that the swing arm moves along the embedded groove of the slide plate.

6. The numerically controlled lathe keyway processing station of claim 1, wherein the cleaning assembly further comprises an air bag disposed on the ring body, the air bag is provided with an air inlet at the tail end and an air outlet at the head end, the air outlet is connected with a pipeline penetrating through the ring body, the air bag outer ring is provided with a plurality of support belts, each support belt is provided with an insertion section and an insertion section, and the insertion sections can be inserted into the insertion sections to enable the support belts to be connected into a ring to flexibly support the air bag.

7. The numerically controlled lathe keyway processing station as set forth in claim 6, wherein the ring further comprises an elastic band, the elastic band being configured to cover the bladder in a strip configuration such that the bladder is removable from the rear end after passing into the cavity from the front end of the workpiece.

8. The numerically controlled lathe keyway processing station of claim 7, wherein a portion of the elastic ring is eversible sleeved on the rear end of the workpiece, such that the backing bar pulls the bladder and the other portion of the elastic ring back and forth into and out of the workpiece cavity as the workpiece cavity reciprocates, the bladder contacts the other portion of the elastic ring and is compressed by the workpiece cavity as it enters the cavity, for reducing the bladder volume after compression to expel the air from the air outlet to move the blowing debris outwardly.

9. A key groove processing method for the numerically controlled lathe key groove processing table according to any one of the claims 1-8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: