CN116811500A - Mounting assembly, suspension assembly and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application relates to an installation assembly, which includes a support base and an elastic unit. The support base includes a base and a limiting portion provided on the base. The side of the base away from the limiting portion is connected to the axle. The limiting portion has an opposite direction along a first direction. The first limiting surface and the second limiting surface are spaced apart. Together with the base, they define a first accommodation cavity. The elastic element is located in the first accommodation cavity. The elastic element is connected to the base and is on the side away from the base. It has a supporting surface arranged along the second direction. In this application, the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface respectively abut the opposite sides of the leaf spring along the third direction, constraining the degree of freedom of the leaf spring in the first direction, and the supporting surface of the elastic element in the second direction. The leaf spring is supported on the top to constrain the degree of freedom of the leaf spring in the second direction. The elastic element and the leaf spring in the installation assembly form a two-stage damping system. The impact load of the road surface on the tire can be buffered by the elastic element and then transmitted. to the leaf spring, thereby effectively slowing down the fatigue damage of the leaf spring.

Description

Installation components, suspension assemblies and vehicles

Technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of suspension assemblies, and in particular to mounting components and suspension assemblies.

Background technique

The suspension assembly is used to cushion the impact and vibration experienced by the vehicle during driving, and improve the riding experience and vehicle controllability. However, under the action of external stress, the leaf springs in the suspension assembly are prone to fatigue fracture, thus affecting the vibration damping effect of the suspension assembly.

Contents of the invention

Based on this, it is necessary to provide a mounting component, a suspension assembly and a vehicle to address the problem that the leaf spring is prone to fatigue fracture caused by the traditional installation and connection method of the mounting component and the leaf spring.

According to one aspect of the present application, a mounting assembly is provided for connecting axles and installing leaf springs. The mounting assembly includes:

The support base includes a base and a limiting portion provided on the base; the side of the base away from the limiting portion is connected to the axle, and the limiting portion has a first limiting surface and a second limiting surface that are opposite and spaced along the first direction. surface, the first limiting surface, the second limiting surface and the base define a first containing cavity; and

The elastic element is provided in the first accommodation cavity; the elastic element is connected to the base, and the side of the elastic element away from the base has a support surface arranged along the second direction;

Among them, the installation component has an installation status;

In the installed state, the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface are respectively in contact with opposite sides of the leaf spring along the third direction, and the supporting surface is supported on the leaf spring in the second direction;

The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

In one of the embodiments, the limiting part further includes a third limiting surface opposite to the supporting surface along the second direction and arranged at intervals, and the third limiting surface is connected between the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface. ;

The third limiting surface can abut against the leaf spring along the second direction.

In one embodiment, the third limiting surface is configured as an arc surface and protrudes toward the supporting surface.

In one of the embodiments, the limiting portion further includes an abutment surface facing away from the third limiting surface and located outside the first accommodation cavity;

The installation component also includes a limiting piece spaced apart from the abutting surface along the second direction, and the limiting piece can abut against the abutting surface.

In one embodiment, the installation assembly further includes a wear-resistant piece provided on the supporting surface, and the side of the wearing-resistant piece away from the supporting surface is used to support the leaf spring;

Among them, the hardness of the wear-resistant parts is smaller than that of the leaf spring.

In one of the embodiments, the elastic element has a second receiving cavity;

The installation component also includes a pressure sensor located in the second accommodation cavity, and the pressure sensor is used to detect the load force borne by the elastic element.

In one embodiment, the outer surface of the elastic element is provided with a load mark, and the load mark is used to represent the load size of the axle under static load.

In one embodiment, the elastic element is detachably connected to the base.

According to another aspect of the present application, a suspension assembly is provided, including an axle, a leaf spring and the above-mentioned mounting components;

The base of the mounting component is connected to the axle along the second direction, and the supporting surface of the mounting component is supported on the leaf spring in the second direction.

According to yet another aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, which includes the above-mentioned suspension assembly.

In the technical solution of the present application, the elastic element and the spring are both arranged in the first receiving cavity of the support seat, and the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface of the supporting seat in the installed state can respectively abut against the edges of the leaf springs. The opposite sides of the third direction form a limit to constrain the freedom of the leaf spring in the first direction; the supporting surface of the elastic element supports the leaf spring in the second direction, thereby constraining the freedom of the leaf spring in the second direction. Spend. In this way, on the one hand, the elastic elements and leaf springs in the installation assembly form a two-stage damping system. The impact load of the road surface on the tires can be buffered by the elastic elements and then transmitted to the leaf springs, thus effectively reducing the fatigue of the leaf springs. Damage; on the other hand, because the leaf spring only receives vertical and lateral forces in the support seat, it no longer receives the longitudinal force of the middle and rear axles. Compared with the traditional solution, the stress situation is relatively simple, which can also play a role in delaying the damage. The effect of fatigue fracture of the leaf spring; secondly, because the leaf spring and the support seat no longer need to be connected through bolts and other connecting parts, the leaf spring no longer needs to be lengthened and drilled, which is conducive to maintaining the integrity of the bearing surface of the leaf spring and lifting the plate Spring material utilization.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a leaf spring support and assembly structure provided by related technologies.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the leaf spring support assembly and assembly with vibration damping function provided by the related technology.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the installation assembly, axle, and leaf spring according to an embodiment of the present application.

Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a mounting assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference signs:

Install component 1;

Support base 11; base 111; limiting portion 112; first limiting surface 1121; second limiting surface 1122;

The third limiting surface 1123; the contact surface 1124;

Elastic element 12; supporting surface 121; first nut 122; second nut 123;

Limiting part 13; wear-resistant part 14; pressure sensor 15;

Axle 2;leaf spring 3;

Leaf spring seat 4; rubber bearing 5;

first accommodation cavity A1; second accommodation cavity A2;

The first direction is X; the second direction is Y; the third direction is Z.

Detailed ways

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation modes of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described here. Those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In the description of this application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", " "Front", "Back", "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inside", "Outside", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", "Axis", "radial", "circumferential", etc., the orientation or positional relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating Or it is implied that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation on the present application.

In addition, if the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically limited.

In this application, unless otherwise expressly stated and limited, if the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixing", etc. appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or it can be integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two components. or the interaction between two elements, unless otherwise expressly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

In this application, unless otherwise explicitly stated and limited, if a first feature is "on" or "below" a second feature or similar descriptions, the meaning may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or The first and second characteristics are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, the terms "above", "above" and "above" the first feature is above the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. "Below", "below" and "beneath" the first feature to the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a smaller horizontal height than the second feature.

It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. If an element is said to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may also be intervening elements present. If present, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be exclusive. implementation.

As mentioned in the background art, the suspension assembly is used to buffer the impact and vibration experienced by the vehicle during driving, and improve the riding experience and vehicle controllability. In the related art, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a leaf spring support and assembly structure provided by the related art. The leaf spring 3 is in rigid contact with the leaf spring seat 4, so that the impact load acting on the tire from the road surface is directly fed back. to the leaf spring 3, causing the leaf spring 3 to easily suffer from fatigue fracture. In order to improve the problem that the leaf spring 3 is prone to fatigue fracture, as shown in Figure 2, Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the leaf spring support assembly and assembly with vibration damping function provided by the related technology. By combining the leaf spring 3 with the rubber support The connection between the base 5 and the base 5 can improve the shortcomings of rigid contact to a certain extent. However, since bolt mounting holes need to be reserved on the leaf spring 3, the first leaf spring is usually lengthened to drill holes. However, this installation method Not only does the production process increase, but the first leaf spring not only carries vertical and lateral forces, but also carries longitudinal forces from the middle and rear axles. The stress situation is complicated, which can easily lead to fatigue fracture of leaf spring 3. .

Based on this, it is necessary to provide a mounting component, a suspension assembly and a vehicle to address the problem that the leaf spring 3 is easily fatigued and broken due to the traditional installation and connection method of the mounting component and the leaf spring.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2 in conjunction, Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the installation assembly 1, the axle 2, and the leaf spring 3 in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 shows the installation assembly 1 in an embodiment of the present application. Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure.

According to one aspect of the present application, a mounting assembly 1 is provided for connecting an axle 2 and installing a leaf spring 3. The mounting assembly 1 includes a support base 11 and an elastic element 12. The support base 11 includes a base 111 and a base 111. The limiting part 112 has a first limiting surface 1121 and a second limiting surface 1122 that are opposite and spaced along the first direction X. , the first limiting surface 1121, the second limiting surface 1122 and the base 111 define the first accommodation cavity A1. The elastic element 12 is disposed in the first accommodation cavity A1. The elastic element 12 is connected to the base 111, and the side of the elastic element 12 away from the base 111 has a support surface 121 arranged along the second direction Y. Among them, the installation component 1 has an installation state. In the installed state, the first limiting surface 1121 and the second limiting surface 1122 are respectively in contact with the opposite sides of the leaf spring 3 along the third direction Z, and the supporting surface 121 is supported on the leaf spring 3 in the second direction Y. The first direction X, the second direction Y and the third direction Z are perpendicular to each other.

It can be understood that in the technical solution of the present application, the elastic element 12 and the leaf spring 3 are both arranged in the first receiving cavity A1 of the support base 11, and the first limiting surface 1121 and the first limiting surface 1121 of the support base 11 in the installed state. The two limiting surfaces 1122 can respectively abut on opposite sides of the leaf spring 3 along the third direction Z, thereby forming a limiting surface to constrain the degree of freedom of the leaf spring 3 in the first direction X. The supporting surface 121 of the elastic element 12 supports the leaf spring 3 in the second direction Y, thereby constraining the degree of freedom of the leaf spring 3 in the second direction Y. In this way, on the one hand, the elastic element 12 and the leaf spring 3 in the mounting assembly 1 form a two-stage damping system. The impact load of the tire on the road surface can be buffered by the elastic element 12 and then transmitted to the leaf spring 3, thereby effectively reducing the impact load on the tire. The fatigue damage of the leaf spring 3 is eliminated; on the other hand, since the leaf spring 3 is only subjected to vertical force and lateral force in the support seat 11, it is no longer subjected to the longitudinal force of the middle and rear axles. Compared with the traditional solution, the stress situation is relatively It is simple and can also play a role in delaying the fatigue fracture of the leaf spring 3. In addition, since the leaf spring 3 and the support base 11 no longer need to be connected through bolts and other connecting parts, the leaf spring 3 no longer needs to be lengthened and drilled, which is beneficial to maintaining the integrity of the bearing surface of the leaf spring 3 and improving the material of the leaf spring 3 utilization rate.

For example, the elastic element 12 may be composed of rubber and metal vulcanization, or may be a coil spring.

For example, the elastic element 12 may be a cuboid, a sphere, a cone, a trapezoid, or a combination of the above shapes.

Further, the limiting part 112 also includes a third limiting surface 1123 that is opposite to the supporting surface 121 and arranged at intervals along the second direction Y. The third limiting surface 1123 is connected to the first limiting surface 1121 and the second limiting surface. 1122 , the third limiting surface 1123 can contact the leaf spring 3 along the second direction Y. In this way, when the axle 2 jumps downward, the leaf spring 3 will move upward in the second direction Y relative to the elastic element 12 under the action of inertial force. At this time, the third limiting surface 1123 can abut above the leaf spring 3 , limiting the jumping space of the leaf spring 3, thereby preventing the leaf spring 3 from being separated from the axle 2.

Optionally, the third limiting surface 1123 is configured as an arc surface and protrudes toward the supporting surface 121. In this way, when the leaf spring 3 jumps, the support base 11 and the leaf spring 3 can make smooth linear contact instead of sharp contact. The edges and corners are in contact, which is beneficial to reducing the wear between the two and extending the service life of the mounting assembly 1 and the leaf spring 3.

In some embodiments, the limiting part 112 also includes a contact surface 1124 facing away from the third limiting surface 1123 and located outside the first accommodation cavity A1. The mounting assembly 1 further includes a contact surface 1124 spaced apart from the contact surface 1124 along the second direction Y. The limiting member 13 can abut against the contact surface 1124 . In this way, when the drive axle jumps upward to a certain height, the limiting member 13 can abut against the contact surface 1124, thereby limiting the upward movement of the support base 11, thereby limiting the jumping space of the axle 2, which is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the vehicle. Smooth operation.

In some embodiments, the mounting assembly 1 further includes a wear-resistant part 14 provided on the supporting surface 121 , and the side of the wear-resistant part 14 away from the supporting surface 121 is used to support the leaf spring 3 , wherein the hardness of the wear-resistant part 14 is less than The hardness of leaf spring 3. That is to say, one side of the wear-resistant part 14 is detachably connected to the supporting surface of the elastic element 12, and the leaf spring 3 is placed on the other side. The plate spring 3 will slide relative to the wear-resistant part 14 when carrying the load. The hardness of the wear-resistant part 14 is slightly lower than that of the leaf spring 3. Therefore, the wear-resistant part 14 will wear first during the sliding process, thereby reducing the wear of the leaf spring 3 to a certain extent.

Optionally, the wear-resistant part 14 is connected to the elastic element 12 through bolts, so that when the wear-resistant part 14 needs to be replaced at a later stage of wear, it can be easily replaced.

In some embodiments, the elastic element 12 has a second accommodation cavity A2, and the mounting assembly 1 also includes a pressure sensor 15 disposed in the second accommodation cavity A2. The pressure sensor 15 is used to detect the load force borne by the elastic element 12, and then The load of the vehicle's rear suspension system is output to the instrument panel through software calibration and CAN line transmission.

In some embodiments, the outer surface of the elastic element 12 is provided with a load mark, and the load mark is used to represent the load size of the axle 2 under static load. Load marks can be graphics, or other marks such as tick marks and text. In the case where the load mark is configured as a scale mark, the elastic element 12 can print a scale mark to represent the load by calibrating the stiffness. The distribution of the scale lines here can be uniform or continuous. Due to the elastic element 12 There is a certain corresponding relationship between the degree of compression and the load, so that the corresponding load can be read according to the degree of compression of the elastic element 12 .

In some embodiments, the elastic element 12 is detachably connected to the base 111. The elastic element 12 and the base 111 of the support base 11 can be connected through bolts or positioning pins, or slots or steps can be provided on the support base 11. Connected via snap connection.

Further, the opposite ends of the elastic element 12 along the second direction Y are respectively provided with first nuts 122 and second nuts 123. In this way, the upper and lower bolts can be threadedly connected to the elastic element 12, and then penetrate deeply into the support seat respectively. 11 and the wear-resistant part 14, thereby tightly connecting the three.

Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present application also provide a suspension assembly, including an axle 2, a leaf spring 3 and the above-mentioned mounting assembly 1. The base 111 of the mounting assembly 1 is connected to the axle 2 along the second direction Y. , the supporting surface 121 of the mounting component 1 is supported on the leaf spring 3 in the second direction Y. It can be understood that the structure and function of the installation component 1 have been described in detail and will not be described again here.

When implemented specifically, the leaf spring 3 and the mounting assembly 1 form a series-connected two-stage damping system to reduce the stiffness of the suspension assembly. At the same time, the elastic element 12 in the support seat 11 can attenuate the vibration from the axle 2, thereby effectively improving the stability of the vehicle. This improves the life of the leaf spring 3 and the ride comfort of the entire vehicle. In addition, in the suspension assembly provided by the present invention, since the leaf spring 3 only needs to be placed above the elastic element 12 in the support seat 11 during the assembly process, the limiting portion 112 and the supporting surface 121 of the elastic element 12 can align the leaf spring. 3 for position limiting, there is no need to change the structure of the original leaf spring 3, and there is no need to distinguish the type of leaf spring 3. Therefore, it can be widely adapted to various suspension assemblies.

Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present application also provide a vehicle. The vehicle includes the above-mentioned suspension assembly. Since the leaf spring 3 and the mounting assembly 1 form a series-connected two-stage damping system, the vehicle provided by the present application is Effective vibration damping can be maintained even in poor road conditions, thereby improving the passenger's riding experience.

To sum up, in the mounting assembly 1, the suspension assembly and the vehicle provided by the above embodiments of the present application, the elastic element 12 and the leaf spring 3 in the mounting assembly 1 constitute a two-stage damping system, and the road surface faces The impact load of the tire can be buffered by the elastic element 12 and then transmitted to the leaf spring 3, thereby effectively slowing down the fatigue damage of the leaf spring 3 and improving the ride comfort of the suspension assembly; on the other hand, since the leaf spring 3 is in the support seat 11 is only subject to vertical force and lateral force, and is no longer subject to the longitudinal force of the middle and rear axles. Compared with the traditional solution, the stress situation is relatively simple, which can also play a role in delaying the fatigue fracture of the leaf spring 3; secondly, due to The leaf spring 3 and the support base 11 no longer need to be connected through bolts and other connecting parts. Therefore, the leaf spring 3 no longer needs to be lengthened and drilled, which is conducive to maintaining the integrity of the bearing surface of the leaf spring 3 and improving the utilization rate of the leaf spring 3 material. . In addition, since the elastic element 12 mainly bears vertical force, the support seat 11 protects the elastic element 12 from the first direction X and the third direction Z, making the structure of the elastic element 12 relatively simple and efficiently utilizing the elastic element 12 stroke, effectively increasing the life of the elastic element 12. The installation component 1 provided in this application can be supplied as an assembly or separately. Each component can be replaced individually after failure, which is convenient for assembly and maintenance.

The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined in any way. To simplify the description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, All should be considered to be within the scope of this manual.

The above-described embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A mounting component, characterized in that the mounting component is used to connect a vehicle axle and install a leaf spring, and the mounting component includes: The support base includes a base and a limiting portion provided on the base; a side of the base away from the limiting portion is connected to the axle, and the limiting portion has opposite and spaced-apart portions along the first direction. A first limiting surface and a second limiting surface, the first limiting surface, the second limiting surface and the base define a first accommodation cavity; and An elastic element is provided in the first accommodation cavity; the elastic element is connected to the base, and the side of the elastic element away from the base has a support surface arranged along the second direction; Wherein, the installation component has an installation state; In the installation state, the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface are respectively in contact with opposite sides of the leaf spring along the third direction, and the supporting surface is in the second direction. supported by the leaf spring; The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. 2. The installation assembly according to claim 1, wherein the limiting portion further includes a third limiting surface opposite and spaced apart from the supporting surface along the second direction, and the third limiting surface The plane is connected between the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface; The third limiting surface can abut against the leaf spring along the second direction. 3. The mounting assembly according to claim 2, wherein the third limiting surface is configured as an arc surface and protrudes toward the supporting surface. 4. The installation assembly according to claim 2, wherein the limiting portion further includes an abutment surface facing away from the third limiting surface and located outside the first accommodation cavity; The mounting assembly further includes a limiting member spaced apart from the contact surface along the second direction, and the limiting member can abut against the contact surface. 5. The installation assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the installation assembly further includes a wear-resistant piece provided on the supporting surface, and a side of the wear-resistant piece away from the supporting surface is used for supporting The leaf spring; Wherein, the hardness of the wear-resistant part is smaller than the hardness of the leaf spring. 6. The mounting assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the elastic element has a second accommodation cavity; The installation component further includes a pressure sensor disposed in the second accommodation cavity, and the pressure sensor is used to detect the load force borne by the elastic element. 7. The mounting assembly according to claim 6, wherein a load mark is provided on the outer surface of the elastic element, and the load mark is used to represent the load size of the axle under static load. 8. The mounting assembly of claim 6, wherein the elastic element is detachably connected to the base. 9. A suspension assembly, characterized in that the suspension assembly includes an axle, a leaf spring and the mounting assembly according to any one of claims 1-8; The base of the mounting component is connected to the axle along the second direction, and the supporting surface of the mounting component is supported on the leaf spring in the second direction. 10. A vehicle, characterized in that the vehicle includes the suspension assembly of claim 9.