CN116797094A - Sewage treatment plant water quality purifying capacity evaluation method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for evaluating the water purification capacity of a sewage treatment plant, wherein the method comprises the steps of constructing a water purification capacity evaluation index system of the sewage treatment plant, wherein the water purification capacity evaluation index system comprises a basic water quality module, a sludge performance module and a toxicology module; calculating a multi-factor evaluation index of each single-factor evaluation index and each water purification capacity evaluation module based on the measured value of each evaluation index and the set control limit value and standard value of the evaluation index; calculating a water quality purifying capacity comprehensive evaluation index based on the multi-water quality purifying capacity evaluation module; dividing a water quality evaluation comprehensive evaluation index grade range based on water quality purifying capacity; and evaluating the water purifying capacity of the sewage treatment plant according to the water quality evaluation grade of the water quality purifying capacity comprehensive evaluation index of the sewage treatment plant. The invention can more accurately and intuitively evaluate the water quality purifying capacity of the sewage treatment plant, and grade the water quality purifying capacity according to the comprehensive evaluation index value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water quality evaluation, in particular to a method and a system for evaluating the water quality purifying capacity of a sewage treatment plant.
Background
Sewage treatment plants are the most effective and key ways to solve the increasingly serious urban water pollution problems as the main sites for treating urban domestic wastewater and industrial wastewater. More than 95% of the existing sewage treatment systems in China use biological treatment as a core, however, the sewage treatment process is a very complex system engineering, and the quality of the effluent quality of the sewage treatment plant is also affected by a plurality of objective factors, such as treatment technology, environmental factors, sewage sources, sudden pollution and the like. The evaluation of the water quality purification performance of the sewage treatment system is a basic premise and an important means for guaranteeing the ecological health of the environment of the storage water body. Therefore, the assessment of the water purification capacity of a sewage treatment plant is particularly important.
The existing sewage plant treatment capacity assessment work mainly depends on detection and analysis of some water quality indexes. Taking urban sewage discharge standard (GB 18918-2002) as an example, the water quality evaluation indexes of the effluent involved in the discharge standard are various, and the influence degree of each water quality index on the water quality is different. The standard condition of the effluent quality can be judged according to the standard, but the sewage treatment performance is difficult to master and forecast comprehensively and effectively.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide a sewage treatment plant water purification capacity evaluation method and a system which can evaluate the water purification capacity of a sewage treatment plant more accurately and intuitively and divide the water purification capacity into evaluation grades according to comprehensive evaluation index values.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a method for evaluating the water purification capacity of a sewage treatment plant, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Constructing a water quality purifying capacity evaluation index system of a sewage treatment plant, wherein the water quality purifying capacity evaluation index system comprises a basic water quality module, a sludge performance module and a toxicology module;
(2) Calculating a single factor evaluation index of each evaluation index and a multi-factor evaluation index of each water purification capacity evaluation module based on the measured value of each evaluation index and the control limit value and the standard value of the evaluation index set by the reference country to the first class A standard (GB 18918-2002) of urban sewage discharge;
(3) Calculating a water quality purifying capacity comprehensive evaluation index based on the multi-water quality purifying capacity evaluation module;
(4) Dividing a water quality evaluation comprehensive evaluation index grade range based on water quality purifying capacity;
(5) And evaluating the water purifying capacity of the sewage treatment plant according to the comprehensive water purifying capacity evaluation index of the sewage treatment plant.
Preferably, the water purifying capacity evaluation index in the step (1) refers to a national first-class a standard for urban sewage discharge (GB 18918-2002) related to a limit index of sewage discharge and a process index of sewage treatment; the basic water quality module comprises and is not limited to Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD 5), suspended matters, animal and vegetable oil, petroleum, anionic surfactant, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, chromaticity, pH value and fecal coliform; the sludge performance module comprises and is not limited to mixed liquor suspended solid concentration MLSS, mixed liquor volatile suspended solid concentration MLVSS, sludge sedimentation ratio SV and sludge volume index SVI; the toxicology module includes, but is not limited to, total mercury, total cadmium, total chromium, hexavalent chromium, total arsenic, total lead.
Preferably, the control limit value and the standard value of each evaluation index are as follows:
preferably, the calculating the single factor evaluation index of each evaluation index in step (2) includes:
the calculation formula of the single factor evaluation index for the pH value index and the sludge performance module index is as follows:
wherein C is a The measured value is an evaluation index of the water purifying capacity; c (C) s C is the standard value of the water quality purifying capacity evaluation index su Is the lower limit value of the water quality standard, C sd Is the upper limit value of the water quality standard;
the calculation formula of the single factor evaluation index for other indexes is as follows:
wherein C is i The content is measured for the ith water purification capacity evaluation index; c (C) si The i-th water purification capacity evaluation index standard value.
Preferably, the calculating of the multi-factor evaluation index of the water purification performance evaluation module in the step (2) includes setting a penalty term I when the actual measurement value of the evaluation index exceeds the control limit value i ，
I i ＝η×PI i
Wherein, eta is a punishment coefficient, eta is more than or equal to 1, and the value of eta is determined according to the sensitivity of the index exceeding the standard to the influence of water quality; PI (proportional integral) i A single factor evaluation index which is an evaluation index.
Preferably, the multi-factor evaluation index MPI calculation formula of the water purification capacity evaluation module is
Wherein w is i Weighting the ith evaluation index, PI i Single factor evaluation index, PI, as the i-th evaluation index max For the maximum single factor evaluation index in the water purification capacity evaluation module, I p And q is the number of evaluation indexes of which the measured values exceed the control limit value.
Preferably, in the step (3), the water purifying capacity comprehensive evaluation index CQI calculation formula is:
wherein, MPI max The single-module multi-factor evaluation index with the largest value is adopted; k (k) j The weight of the j water purification capacity evaluation module is the weight
Preferably, the weight of the basic water quality module is 0.4-0.7; the weight of the sludge performance module is 0.3-0.5; the weight of the toxicology module is 0.2-0.4.
Preferably, the classification of the water quality evaluation grades based on the comprehensive evaluation index ranges of the water quality purifying capacity of different grades in the step (4) is as follows:
| grading | Comprehensive index CQI |
| Excellent and excellent properties | CQI≤0.8 |
| Good quality | 0.8<CQI≤1 |
| Medium and medium | 1<CQI≤2 |
| Poor quality | 2<CQI≤3 |
| Extremely poor | CQI>3 |
The invention relates to a sewage treatment plant water purification capacity evaluation system, which comprises:
the sewage treatment plant water quality purifying capacity evaluation index system construction module is used for constructing a water quality purifying capacity evaluation index system comprising a basic water quality module, a sludge performance module and a toxicology module;
the multi-factor evaluation index determining module of the water quality purifying capacity evaluating module is used for calculating a single-factor evaluation index of each evaluation index according to an actual measurement value of each evaluation index and an evaluation index control limit value and a standard value set by a reference country for the first-class A standard (GB 18918-2002) of urban sewage discharge; calculating a multi-factor evaluation index of the water purification capacity evaluation module based on the single-factor evaluation index of each evaluation index in the water purification capacity evaluation module;
the water quality purifying capacity comprehensive evaluation index determining module is used for calculating a water quality purifying capacity comprehensive evaluation index according to the multi-factor evaluation indexes of the plurality of water quality purifying capacity evaluation modules;
the water quality evaluation grade classification module is used for classifying water quality evaluation grades according to the comprehensive evaluation index ranges of the water quality purifying capacities of different grades;
the water quality purifying capacity evaluation module of the sewage treatment plant is used for evaluating the water quality purifying capacity of the sewage treatment plant according to the water quality evaluation grade where the comprehensive water quality purifying capacity evaluation index of the sewage treatment plant is located.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: 1. the method can be applied to comprehensive evaluation of the water purification capacity of the sewage treatment plant under different evaluation targets, fully utilizes the evaluation data of various water quality indexes, and divides the evaluation grade for the water purification capacity according to the comprehensive evaluation index value, thereby more accurately and intuitively evaluating the water purification capacity of the sewage treatment plant, not only helping to quickly master the basic pollution state of the water quality in the sewage treatment process, but also timely monitoring and finding the sewage treatment problem caused by sudden objective factors; 2. the measured water quality parameters can be flexibly selected according to actual conditions, and weights and coefficients are reasonably distributed, so that the method is suitable for different evaluation targets and water quality evaluation scenes.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a method for evaluating the water purification capacity of a sewage treatment plant, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a water purification capacity evaluation index according to a national limit index of sewage discharge and a process index of sewage treatment related to a first-level A standard (GB 18918-2002) of urban sewage discharge to construct a water purification capacity evaluation index system of a sewage treatment plant, wherein the water purification capacity evaluation index system comprises three water purification capacity evaluation modules, namely a basic water quality module, a sludge performance module and a toxicology module;
the basic water quality module comprises and is not limited to Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD 5), suspended matters, animal and vegetable oil, petroleum, anionic surfactant, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, chromaticity, pH value and fecal coliform; the sludge performance module comprises and is not limited to mixed liquor suspended solid concentration MLSS, mixed liquor volatile suspended solid concentration MLVSS, sludge sedimentation ratio SV and sludge volume index SVI; the toxicology module includes, but is not limited to, total mercury, total cadmium, total chromium, hexavalent chromium, total arsenic, total lead.
(2) Control limits and standard values of each evaluation index are set for the first class A standard (GB 18918-2002) of urban sewage discharge by referring to the country, as shown in the following table:
(3) And calculating a single factor evaluation index of each evaluation index in the water purifying capacity evaluation module and a multi-factor evaluation index of the water purifying capacity evaluation module. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(3.1) calculating a single factor evaluation index of each evaluation index in each water purification capacity evaluation module.
The calculation formula of the single factor evaluation index for the pH value index and the index in the sludge performance module is as follows:
wherein C is a Is the measured value of the water quality index; c (C) s C is the standard value of water quality index su Is the lower limit value of the water quality standard, C sd Is the upper limit value of the water quality standard. Wherein the standard value of the water quality index of the pH value is C s =7; the water quality index standard value of the mixed liquid suspended solid concentration MLSS is C s =4000; the water quality index standard value of the mixed liquid volatile suspended solid concentration MLVSS is C s =2800; the standard value of the water quality index of the sludge sedimentation ratio SV is C s =20; the standard value of the water quality index of the sludge volume index SVI is C s ＝80。
The calculation formula of the single factor evaluation index for other indexes is as follows:
wherein C is i The content is measured for the ith water purification capacity evaluation index; c (C) si The i-th water purification capacity evaluation index standard value.
(3.2) weighting all the evaluation indexes in each water purification ability evaluation module, respectively, and weightingThe weight distribution is determined according to the importance of each index to the water purification capacity evaluation.
(3.3) when the measured value of the evaluation index exceeds the control limit value, setting a penalty term I i ，I i ＝η×PI i Wherein, eta is a punishment coefficient, eta is more than or equal to 1, and the value of eta is determined according to the sensitivity of the index exceeding the standard to the influence of water quality; and when the actual measurement value of the evaluation index is within the control limit value range, no punishment item is set.
(3.4) calculating a multi-factor evaluation index MPI of each water purification ability evaluation module
Wherein w is i Weighting the ith evaluation index, PI i Single factor evaluation index, PI, as the i-th evaluation index max For the maximum single factor evaluation index in the water purification capacity evaluation module, I p And q is the number of evaluation indexes of which the measured values exceed the control limit value.
(4) Based on multiple water purification capacity evaluation modules, calculating water purification capacity comprehensive evaluation index CQI
Wherein, MPI max The single-module multi-factor evaluation index with the largest value. According to the sensitivity and importance of the evaluation indexes of different modules to the evaluation target, weighting k is assigned to each module j And is weightedThe weight of the basic water quality module is 0.4-0.7; the weight of the sludge performance module is 0.3-0.5; the weight of the toxicology module is 0.2-0.4.
(5) The water quality evaluation comprehensive evaluation index class range is divided based on the water quality purifying ability as shown in the following table.
| Grading | Comprehensive index CQI |
| Excellent and excellent properties | CQI≤0.8 |
| Good quality | 0.8<CQI≤1 |
| Medium and medium | 1<CQI≤2 |
| Poor quality | 2<CQI≤3 |
| Extremely poor | CQI>3 |
(6) And evaluating the water purifying capacity of the sewage treatment plant according to the comprehensive water purifying capacity evaluation index of the sewage treatment plant.
In order to further illustrate the method of the invention, the water purification capacity of a sewage treatment plant established in 2008 is analyzed. The specific water purification capacity evaluation process comprises the following steps:
(1) With reference to national limit indexes of sewage discharge and process indexes of sewage treatment related to first-class A standard of urban sewage discharge (GB 18918-2002), three water purification capacity evaluation modules of a basic water quality module, a sludge performance module and a toxicology module are selected, wherein the basic water quality module comprises Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BoD) 5 The sludge performance module comprises mixed liquor suspended solid concentration MLSS and sludge volume index SVI, and the toxicology module comprises total mercury, total cadmium and total chromium. The actual measurement values of all evaluation indexes in the effluent sample of the sewage treatment plant are as follows: pH 7.2, COD of 48mg/L, and five-day BOD 5 13.5mg/L, 12mg/L total nitrogen, 0.6mg/L total phosphorus, 3600mg/L mixed liquor suspended solids concentration MLSS, 180mg/L sludge volume index SVI, 0.00085mg/L total mercury, 0.0145mg/L total cadmium and 0.062mg/L total chromium.
(2) Control limits and standard values of each evaluation index are set with reference to the national first class A standard (GB 18918-2002) for urban sewage discharge, as shown in the following table.
(3) And calculating a single factor evaluation index of each evaluation index in each water purifying capacity evaluation module and a multi-factor evaluation index of the water purifying capacity evaluation module. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(3.1) calculating a single factor evaluation index of each evaluation index in each water purification capacity evaluation module.
(a) Basic water quality module:
for the water quality index "pH value", the specific calculation process of the single factor evaluation index is as follows:
for the water quality index "chemical oxygen demand", the specific calculation process of the single factor evaluation index is as follows:
for the water quality index of 'five-day biochemical oxygen demand', the specific calculation process of the single factor evaluation index is as follows:
for the water quality index total nitrogen, the specific calculation process of the single factor evaluation index is as follows:
for the water quality index total phosphorus, the specific calculation process of the single factor evaluation index is as follows:
(b) Sludge performance module
For the water quality index "mixed liquor suspended solid concentration", the specific calculation process of the single factor evaluation index is as follows:
for the water quality index "sludge volume index", the specific calculation process of the single factor evaluation index is as follows:
(c) Toxicology module
For the water quality index total mercury, the specific calculation process of the single factor evaluation index is as follows:
for the water quality index total cadmium, the specific calculation process of the single factor evaluation index is as follows:
for the water quality index total chromium, the specific calculation process of the single factor evaluation index is as follows:
(3.2) weighting all the evaluation indexes in each water purification ability evaluation module, respectively, and weightingThe weight distribution is determined according to the importance of each index to the water purification capacity evaluation.
(a) Basic water quality module
Weight w of "pH value 1-1 Weight w of "chemical oxygen demand" =0.1 1-2 Weight w of "five-day Biochemical oxygen demand" of=0.25 1-3 Weight w of "Total Nitrogen (TN)" =0.25 1-4 Weight w of "Total Phosphorus (TP)" =0.2 1-5 ＝0.2。
(b) Sludge performance module
Weight w of "Mixed solution suspended solids concentration 2-1 Weight w of "sludge volume index" =0.4 2-2 ＝0.6。
(c) Toxicology module
Weight w of "Total Mercury 3-1 Weight of total cadmium w=0.4 3-2 Weight w of "total chromium" =0.3 3-3 ＝0.3。
(3.3) since the actual measurement values of the evaluation index "five-day Biochemical oxygen demand", "total phosphorus" and "total chromium" exceeded the control limit, according to I i ＝η×PI i A penalty term is set. The method comprises the following steps:
the punishment coefficient of the five-day biochemical oxygen demand is 1.2, and the punishment term is I 1-3 ＝1.2×1.35＝1.62；
The punishment coefficient of the total phosphorus is 1.3, and the punishment term is I 1-5 ＝1.3×1.2＝1.56；
The punishment coefficient of the total cadmium is 1.4, and the punishment term is I 3-2 ＝1.4×1.45＝2.03
And setting no punishment item for other actual measurement values of the evaluation indexes within the control limit value range.
(3.4) calculating a multi-factor evaluation index MPI of each water purification ability evaluation module
(a) The specific calculation process of the multi-factor evaluation index of the basic water quality module comprises the following steps:
(b) The specific calculation process of the multi-factor evaluation index of the sludge performance module comprises the following steps:
(c) The specific calculation process of the multi-factor evaluation index of the toxicology module is as follows:
(4) And calculating a comprehensive water purification capacity evaluation index CQI based on the multiple water purification capacity evaluation modules, and evaluating the water purification capacity of the sewage treatment plant. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(4.1) according to the sensitivity and importance of the evaluation indexes of the different water purification capacity evaluation modules to the evaluation targets, weighting k is given to each water purification capacity evaluation module j And is weightedWherein, the weight k of the basic water quality module is set 1 Weight k of =0.35, sludge performance module 2 Weight k of toxicology module =0.3 3 ＝0.35。
(4.2) calculating Water purification ability comprehensive evaluation index CQI
Because CQI is 1< and is less than or equal to 2, the water purification capacity of the sewage treatment plant is medium.
Claims (10)
1. The method for evaluating the water purification capacity of the sewage treatment plant is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Constructing a water quality purifying capacity evaluation index system of a sewage treatment plant, wherein the water quality purifying capacity evaluation index system comprises a basic water quality module, a sludge performance module and a toxicology module;
(2) Calculating a single factor evaluation index of each evaluation index and a multi-factor evaluation index of each water purification capacity evaluation module based on the measured value of each evaluation index and the control limit value and the standard value of the evaluation index set by the reference country to the first class A standard (GB 18918-2002) of urban sewage discharge;
(3) Calculating a water quality purifying capacity comprehensive evaluation index based on the multi-water quality purifying capacity evaluation module;
(4) Dividing a water quality evaluation comprehensive evaluation index grade range based on water quality purifying capacity;
(5) And evaluating the water purifying capacity of the sewage treatment plant according to the comprehensive water purifying capacity evaluation index of the sewage treatment plant.
2. The method for evaluating the water purification capacity of a sewage treatment plant according to claim 1, wherein the water purification capacity evaluation index in step (1) refers to a national limit index of sewage discharge and a process index of sewage treatment, which are related to the first-class a standard of urban sewage discharge (GB 18918-2002); the basic water quality module comprises and is not limited to Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and five-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) 5 Suspended matters, animal and vegetable oil, petroleum, anionic surfactant, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, chromaticity, pH value and fecal coliform; the sludge performance module comprises and is not limited to mixed liquor suspended solid concentration MLSS, mixed liquor volatile suspended solid concentration MLVSS, sludge sedimentation ratio SV and sludge volume index SVI; the toxicology module includes, but is not limited to, total mercury, total cadmium, total chromium, hexavalent chromium, total arsenic, total lead.
3. The method for evaluating the water purification capacity of a sewage treatment plant according to claim 2, wherein each of the evaluation index control limit and the standard value are as shown in the following table:
4. a method for evaluating the water purification performance of a sewage treatment plant according to claim 3, wherein said calculating a single factor evaluation index for each evaluation index in step (2) comprises:
the calculation formula of the single factor evaluation index for the pH value index and the sludge performance module index is as follows:
wherein C is a The measured value is an evaluation index of the water purifying capacity; c (C) s C is the standard value of the water quality purifying capacity evaluation index su Is the lower limit value of the water quality standard, C sd Is the upper limit value of the water quality standard;
the calculation formula of the single factor evaluation index for other indexes is as follows:
wherein C is i The content is measured for the ith water purification capacity evaluation index; c (C) si The i-th water purification capacity evaluation index standard value.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein calculating the multi-factor evaluation index of the water purification performance evaluation module in the step (2) comprises setting a penalty term I when the actual measurement value of the evaluation index exceeds a control limit value i ，
I i ＝η×PI i
Wherein, eta is a punishment coefficient, eta is more than or equal to 1, and the value of eta is determined according to the sensitivity of the index exceeding the standard to the influence of water quality; PI (proportional integral) i A single factor evaluation index which is an evaluation index.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the multi-factor evaluation index MPI calculation formula of the water purification capacity evaluation module is as follows
Wherein w is i Weighting the ith evaluation index, PI i Single factor evaluation index, PI, as the i-th evaluation index max For the maximum single factor evaluation index in the water purification capacity evaluation module, I p And q is the number of evaluation indexes of which the measured values exceed the control limit value.
7. The method for evaluating the purification performance of water treatment plants according to claim 6, wherein the CQI calculation formula of the comprehensive evaluation index of the purification performance of water treatment plant in step (3) is:
wherein, MPI max The single-module multi-factor evaluation index with the largest value is adopted; k (k) j The weight of the j water purification capacity evaluation module is the weight
8. The method for evaluating the water purification capacity of a sewage treatment plant according to claim 7, wherein the weight of the basic water quality module is 0.4 to 0.7; the weight of the sludge performance module is 0.3-0.5; the weight of the toxicology module is 0.2-0.4.
9. The method for evaluating the water purification performance of a sewage treatment plant according to claim 8, wherein the classification of the water quality evaluation grades based on the comprehensive evaluation index ranges of the water purification performance of different grades in the step (4) is as follows:
。
10. A sewage treatment plant water purification ability evaluation system, comprising:
the sewage treatment plant water quality purifying capacity evaluation index system construction module is used for constructing a water quality purifying capacity evaluation index system comprising a basic water quality module, a sludge performance module and a toxicology module;
the multi-factor evaluation index determining module of the water quality purifying capacity evaluating module is used for calculating a single-factor evaluation index of each evaluation index according to an actual measurement value of each evaluation index and an evaluation index control limit value and a standard value set by a reference country for the first-class A standard (GB 18918-2002) of urban sewage discharge; calculating a multi-factor evaluation index of the water purification capacity evaluation module based on the single-factor evaluation index of each evaluation index in the water purification capacity evaluation module;
the water quality purifying capacity comprehensive evaluation index determining module is used for calculating a water quality purifying capacity comprehensive evaluation index according to the multi-factor evaluation indexes of the plurality of water quality purifying capacity evaluation modules;
the water quality evaluation grade classification module is used for classifying water quality evaluation grades according to the comprehensive evaluation index ranges of the water quality purifying capacities of different grades;
the water quality purifying capacity evaluation module of the sewage treatment plant is used for evaluating the water quality purifying capacity of the sewage treatment plant according to the water quality evaluation grade where the water quality purifying capacity comprehensive evaluation index of the sewage treatment plant is located.
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| CN117114512B (en) * | 2023-10-23 | 2024-03-15 | 武汉华信数据系统有限公司 | Water plant state evaluation method, device, computer equipment and storage medium |
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