CN116750124A

CN116750124A - A folding skateboard electric bicycle based on drv8301 gate driver chip

Info

Publication number: CN116750124A
Application number: CN202310339206.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 田阳; 李峻; 高文浩; 赵红志; 王骏龙; 孙硕; 王子勤
Original assignee: Yantai University
Current assignee: Yantai University
Priority date: 2023-04-02
Filing date: 2023-04-02
Publication date: 2023-09-15

Abstract

The invention discloses a folding skateboard electric bicycle based on a drv8301 grid driving chip, which comprises a scooter body capable of being folded into a skateboard and an electric bicycle, and an electric control system for controlling the scooter body; the electric bicycle comprises a bicycle body, wherein the bicycle body comprises a support frame, two sides of the support frame are provided with frames, and folding structures for changing between a slide plate and the electric bicycle are arranged on the frames; the electric control system comprises a control unit for controlling the start and stop of a vehicle body, the speed of the vehicle and the stop of the vehicle, and the electric control system aims at creating a more convenient and more comfortable electric vehicle for a common electric vehicle on the market, can enrich the travel modes of people, can entertain the scooter of people, is based on the traditional manpower skateboard and the traditional electric bicycle, is provided with a novel folding device and is matched with an electric control mechanism, and a product which can be randomly switched between the electric vehicle and the scooter is designed.

Description

Folding slide electric bicycle based on drv8301 grid driving chip

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of electric bicycles, in particular to a folding slide plate electric bicycle based on a drv8301 grid driving chip.

Background

The current power-assisted vehicles sold in the market mainly comprise two types, namely an electric power-assisted vehicle which has moment sensing and provides power assistance according to the moment of stepping on a crankshaft by a person, and a power-assisted vehicle which detects the speed of a wheel disc and provides power assistance by a speed signal. Electric power assisted vehicles employing torque sensors tend to be much more expensive than electric power assisted vehicles by detecting crankshaft speed, and the expensive price reduces their market share. In addition, there are also torque-free electric power-assisted vehicle solutions which do not use torque sensors but use the way of observing compensation. The scheme takes the sum of the moment applied to the crank shaft by the rider and the environmental resistance as disturbance, observes and estimates the disturbance by constructing various forms of moment observers, and compensates the difference between the environmental resistance and the moment of the rider by adjusting the power output of the motor. In short, the running of the electric vehicle is generally controlled by a crank at present by people when the electric vehicle is selected for traveling.

In recent years, various miniature electric vehicles appear on the market, and most of them have the characteristics of small occupied area, light weight, flexibility and the like, can be applied to a plurality of special environments such as crowded office places, search and rescue places with narrow space and the like, can be used as traffic tools of special crowds, and can be applied to a plurality of fields of modern life. According to the number of wheels and the control mode, the miniature electric vehicle can be divided into a double-wheel electric balance vehicle, an electric wheelbarrow, an electric scooter, an electric bicycle and an electric motorcycle. But the combination of the electric bicycle and the electric scooter is not available, the size of the brushless motor driver of the existing electric bicycle is too large, the installation of the brushless motor driver on the small-size electric bicycle is inconvenient, and the expansibility is not enough.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a folding skateboard electric bicycle based on a drv8301 grid driving chip, which solves the problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

a folding skateboard electric bicycle based on a drv8301 grid driving chip comprises a scooter body capable of being folded into a skateboard and an electric bicycle, and an electric control system for controlling the scooter body; wherein,,

the bicycle body comprises a support frame, wherein frames are arranged on two sides of the support frame, and folding structures for changing between the skateboard and the electric bicycle are arranged on the frames;

the electric control system comprises a control unit and is used for controlling the starting and stopping of the vehicle body, the speed and the stopping of the vehicle body.

As a further scheme of the invention: the folding structure comprises a sleeve which is arranged at the front end of a frame and is rotationally connected with the frame through a rotating shaft, a front fork is sleeved in the sleeve, a front wheel is arranged on the front fork through a front shaft, a seat supporting rod is arranged at the rear end of the frame, a saddle is arranged at the top end of the seat supporting rod, a rear wheel is arranged on the seat supporting rod through a rear shaft, a hub motor is arranged on the rear wheel, the front end of the frame is rotationally connected with a connecting rod above the rotating shaft, a connecting shaft is rotationally connected between the end parts of the two connecting rods, a fixing seat is fixedly connected onto the connecting shaft, a telescopic frame is arranged at the top end of the fixing seat, a supporting table is arranged at the top end of the telescopic frame, two rotatable handles are arranged at the top end of the supporting table, and a limiting structure which can move up and down and is used for fixedly butting with the front fork is arranged at the bottom of the fixing seat.

As still further aspects of the invention: the limiting structure comprises a connecting rod sleeved in the inner cavity of the fixing seat, the bottom of the connecting rod extends to the outer side of the fixing seat and is provided with a spline shaft, and spline grooves which are distributed corresponding to the spline shaft are formed in the position, located in the inner cavity of the sleeve, of the top end of the front fork.

As still further aspects of the invention: the surface of fixing base is provided with T type mouth, the surface of connecting rod is provided with the gag lever post, the diameter of gag lever post is identical with the width of T type mouth, just the top of gag lever post extends to the outside of T type mouth.

As still further aspects of the invention: the upper surface of support frame is provided with the battery respectively, the control unit sets up in the upper surface of support frame, the surface of supporting bench is provided with the display screen.

As still further aspects of the invention: a baffle rod is arranged between the rear ends of the frames.

As still further aspects of the invention: the two sides of the supporting table are provided with notches, and the bottom of the handle is rotationally connected with the notches through a rotating shaft.

As still further aspects of the invention: the handle is provided with an integrated encoder for collecting rotation angle information of the handle and realizing forward-turning electronic brake and backward-turning acceleration with a singlechip of the control unit.

As still further aspects of the invention: the hub motor is a brushless hub motor.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention aims to create a more convenient and more comfortable electric vehicle aiming at the common electric vehicle on the market, not only can enrich the travel modes of people, but also can entertain the scooter of people, is based on the traditional manpower skateboards and the traditional electric bicycle, is added with a novel folding device and is matched with an electric control mechanism, and a product which can be randomly switched between the electric vehicle and the scooter is designed, is taken as a novel sports and leisure entertainment product, has wide use population, and is suitable for leisure entertainment in parks, amusement parks and the like and short-distance traffic transportation instead of walking.

2. The invention solves the problem of combination of the electric bicycle and the electric scooter which are not in the current market, the product can be freely switched between the electric bicycle and the electric scooter, free switching of two travel modes is realized, the product faces the masses, the electric scooter is light and convenient to carry, the electric scooter is also suitable for teenager entertainment, the scooter can be turned home after being converted into the electric scooter, the electric scooter is convenient and fast, the electric scooter is provided with two modes, one electric scooter with a handle is similar to the electric scooter, the other electric scooter without the handle is similar to the traditional scooter, steering can be realized by rotating the handle, the volume of the folded handle can be greatly reduced, the other electric scooter with the handle is folded together, an independent remote controller is required to be additionally arranged for control, and the electric scooter can also be used as the traditional scooter, and has better overall portability.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a foldable skateboard electric bicycle based on a drv8301 gate driving chip.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a frame of a foldable scooter electric bicycle based on a drv8301 grid driving chip.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing seat in a foldable skateboard electric bicycle based on a drv8301 grid driving chip.

Fig. 4 is a connection diagram of a fixing seat and a telescopic frame in a folding skateboard electric bicycle based on a drv8301 grid driving chip.

Fig. 5 is a state diagram of an electric bicycle in the folding skateboard electric bicycle based on drv8301 grid driving chip.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor and a stator in a foldable skateboard electric bicycle based on a drv8301 grid driving chip.

Fig. 7 is a three-wire bridge circuit diagram of a foldable skateboard electric bicycle based on a drv8301 grid driving chip.

Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of temperature detection and power supply voltage detection in a foldable skateboard electric bicycle based on a drv8301 gate drive chip.

Fig. 9 is a circuit diagram of a 5V to 3.3V circuit in a foldable skateboard electric bicycle based on a drv8301 gate drive chip.

Fig. 10 is a circuit diagram of converting 24V to 12V in a foldable skateboard electric bicycle based on drv8301 gate driving chip.

Fig. 11 is a diagram of a power supply filter circuit in a foldable skateboard electric bicycle based on a drv8301 gate driving chip.

Fig. 12 is a circuit diagram of a brake in a foldable skateboard electric bicycle based on drv8301 gate drive chip.

Fig. 13 is a drv8301 driving circuit diagram of a foldable skateboard electric bicycle based on a drv8301 gate driving chip.

Fig. 14 is a diagram of drv8301 structure and control circuit of a foldable skateboard electric bicycle based on drv8301 gate driving chip.

In the figure: 1. a frame; 2. a battery; 3. a front fork; 4. a front axle; 5. a front wheel; 6. a seat support bar; 7. a saddle; 8. a rear axle; 9. a rear wheel; 10. a hub motor; 11. a telescopic frame; 12. a control unit; 13. a support table; 14. a grip; 15. a fixing seat; 16. a support frame; 17. a sleeve; 18. a connecting rod; 19. spline grooves; 20. a spline shaft; 21. a T-shaped port; 22. a connecting rod; 23. a limit rod; 24. a gear lever; 25. and a connecting shaft.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1-14, in the embodiment of the invention, a foldable skateboard electric bicycle based on drv8301 grid driving chip comprises a support frame 16, wherein two sides of the support frame 16 are provided with a frame 1, the front end of the frame 1 is rotationally connected with a sleeve 17 through a rotating shaft, a front fork 3 is sleeved in the sleeve 17, a front wheel 5 is installed on the front fork 3 through a front shaft 4, a seat support rod 6 is arranged at the rear end of the frame 1, a saddle 7 is arranged at the top end of the seat support rod 6, a rear wheel 9 is installed on the seat support rod 6 through a rear shaft 8, a hub motor 10 is arranged on the rear wheel 9, the front end of the frame 1 is rotationally connected with a connecting rod 18 above the rotating shaft, a connecting shaft 25 is rotationally connected between the ends of the two connecting rods 18, a fixing seat 15 is fixedly connected on the connecting shaft 25, the top end of the fixing seat 15 is provided with a telescopic bracket 11, the top end of the telescopic bracket 11 is provided with a supporting table 13, the upper surface of the supporting frame 16 is respectively provided with a battery 2 and a control unit 12, the surface of the supporting table 13 is provided with a display screen, the top end of the supporting table 13 is provided with two rotatable grips 14, an integrated encoder is arranged at the grips 14 and used for collecting rotation angle information of the grips 14, forward rotation electronic braking is realized by a singlechip of the control unit 12, backward rotation is accelerated, both sides of the supporting table 13 are provided with notches, the bottom of the grips 14 are rotationally connected with the notches through a rotating shaft, a baffle rod 24 is arranged between the rear ends of the frame 1, when the device is folded into a skateboard, the two grips are positioned below the baffle rod 24, the baffle rod 24 blocks and limits the grips 14, the bottom of the fixed seat 15 is provided with a limiting structure which can move up and down and is used for fixedly butting with the front fork 3, the limiting structure comprises a connecting rod 22 sleeved in the inner cavity of the fixed seat 15, the bottom of connecting rod 22 extends to the outside of fixing base 15 and is provided with spline shaft 20, the top of front fork 3 is located sleeve 17 inner chamber department and is provided with spline shaft 19 that distributes corresponding with spline shaft 20, the surface of fixing base 15 is provided with T type mouth 21, the surface of connecting rod 22 is provided with gag lever post 23, the diameter of gag lever post 23 coincides with the width of T type mouth 21, and the top of gag lever post 23 extends to the outside of T type mouth 21, hub motor 10 is brushless hub motor, brushless motor has better loadability than with ordinary brush motor, longer life-span, the running sound is littleer, easily realize moment speed control, the collection electric control can realize electronic brake, but brushless motor is more complicated than with brush motor drive, this electric folding scooter adopts brushless hub motor.

For the conversion of the two forms, when the form of the scooter is converted into the form of the electric scooter, the front fork is pulled out and folded downwards, the handle is pulled out and unfolded, and finally the seat is pulled out and fixed, so that the principle of converting the form of the electric scooter into the form of the scooter is the same, and the electric scooter is simple and easy to operate and can be suitable for most people.

For the control aspect:

compared with a common brush motor, the brushless motor has the advantages that the rotor of the brushless motor is a permanent magnet, the stator is a coil, the rotor of the common brush motor is a coil stator and is a permanent magnet, as shown in fig. 6, the stator is an energized coil, the stator windings are connected in a star-shaped mode by three phases, and the rotor is positioned between the stators and is a permanent magnet.

The brushless motor is electrified to and fro through the three-phase coil, so that the permanent magnet rotates to drive the brushless motor, the brushless motor has better loadability, longer service life and smaller running sound, torque speed control is easy to realize, electronic braking can be realized by electric control, but the brushless motor is more complicated than the brushless motor, and the electric folding scooter adopts a brushless hub motor, so that a complete responsible control system is needed and other systems are integrated.

The motor driving circuit adopts 6 high-power nmos to form a three-phase bridge driving circuit, as shown in fig. 7, the motor driving circuit can drive a high-power hub motor, is externally connected with a power dissipation circuit, and reduces the heating of the motor during braking. The driving plate integrates current, voltage and temperature detection circuit to detect the running condition of the driving plate in real time, so that the safe running of the folding skateboard electric vehicle is ensured. The esp32s singlechip is adopted as the main control chip to program a control program more simply, the performance is enough to control the driving circuit, meanwhile, compared with the stm32 chip, the cost is lower, the control board integrates low-power consumption Bluetooth, and when the skateboard is in a state, the skateboard is remotely controlled by the remote controller to drive the skateboard. The speed loop control is realized by connecting the hub motor Hall encoder and combining the foc algorithm with a three-phase bridge circuit, so that the speed of the vehicle is controlled more accurately. The control circuit integrates a voice control system, and when the folding skateboard electric vehicle is not applicable, the folding skateboard electric vehicle enters a standby mode, and realizes voice awakening and voice client side by combining a relay. And drv8301 is used as an nmos gate driving chip, so that the operation stability is ensured. The rotating handle is integrated with the magnetic encoder, and the state of the electric vehicle realizes forward braking and backward forward movement. The power dissipation resistance circuit is adopted, the generated electric energy is consumed through the power dissipation resistance circuit when the electric scooter is braked, the motor is reduced to generate heat, the service life of the motor is prolonged, the power dissipation resistance is manufactured by adopting the PCB aluminum substrates, a plurality of blocks are placed at the bottom of the folding electric scooter in series, the PCB aluminum substrates are small in thickness, and the braking performance is further guaranteed. The main control board integrated mpu6050 gyro sensor immediately cuts off the power supply of the motor when the sliding plate detected in the sliding plate mode is inclined at an excessive angle, so that the safety is further ensured.

The DRV8301 can adapt to a power supply with voltage of 6V to 60V, has a grid driving current of 1.7A and an absorbing current of 2.3A, supports 3.3V and 5V interfaces, can adapt to 3.3V and 5V singlechip control, integrates a buck power supply, can adjust output voltage and switching frequency, and is set to 5V, and 1.5A output is reduced to 3.3V through ams1117 to supply power to the singlechip. The device has the functions of dead time adjustment, overcurrent protection, undervoltage protection, overvoltage protection and overtemperature protection, and ensures safe running by cooperating with voltage, current and temperature detection circuits. And the internal integrated sampling current amplifier and the voltage comparator support the singlechip to read and write the internal register configuration chip mode through the spi communication. The DRV8301 is a high-integration high-performance grid driving chip, and the DRV8301 design circuit can greatly save the design space of a circuit board, is more suitable for small-size electric control systems, and has better safety.

The invention solves the problem of combination of the electric bicycle and the electric scooter which are not in the current market, the product can be freely switched between the electric bicycle and the electric scooter, free switching of two travel modes is realized, the product faces the masses, the electric scooter is light and convenient to carry, the electric scooter is also suitable for teenager entertainment, the scooter can be turned home after being converted into the electric scooter, the electric scooter is convenient and fast, the electric scooter is provided with two modes, one electric scooter with a handle is similar to the electric scooter, the other electric scooter without the handle is similar to the traditional scooter, steering can be realized by rotating the handle, the volume of the folded handle can be greatly reduced, the other electric scooter with the handle is folded together, an independent remote controller is required to be additionally arranged for control, and the electric scooter can also be used as the traditional scooter, and has better overall portability.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The folding skateboard electric bicycle based on the drv8301 grid driving chip is characterized by comprising a scooter body capable of being folded into a skateboard and an electric bicycle, and an electric control system for controlling the scooter body; wherein,,

the scooter comprises a support frame (16), wherein frames (1) are arranged on two sides of the support frame (16), and folding structures for changing between a skateboard and an electric bicycle are arranged on the frames (1);

the electric control system comprises a control unit (12) for controlling the start and stop of the vehicle body, the vehicle speed and the brake.

2. The folding skateboard electric bicycle based on drv8301 grid driving chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, the folding structure is including setting up in frame (1) front end and through pivot and its sleeve (17) that rotates and be connected, sleeve (17) endotheca is equipped with front fork (3), install front wheel (5) through front axle (4) on front fork (3), the rear end of frame (1) is provided with seat bracing piece (6), the top of seat bracing piece (6) is provided with saddle (7), just seat bracing piece (6) are installed rear wheel (9) through rear axle (8), be provided with hub motor (10) on rear wheel (9), the front end of frame (1) is located the top rotation of pivot and is connected with connecting rod (18), and the rotation is connected with connecting axle (25) between the tip of connecting rod (18), fixedly connected with fixing base (15) on connecting axle (25), the top of fixing base (15) is provided with expansion bracket (11), the top (11) is provided with back wheel (9), but two support base (13) are provided with on the top of rotating table (13) and the fixed structure of two fixing bases (13) are used for the top of rotating table (13).

3. The folding skateboard electric bicycle based on the drv8301 grid driving chip according to claim 2, wherein the limiting structure comprises a connecting rod (22) sleeved in the inner cavity of the fixed seat (15), the bottom of the connecting rod (22) extends to the outer side of the fixed seat (15) and is provided with a spline shaft (20), and spline grooves (19) distributed corresponding to the spline shaft (20) are formed in the position, located in the inner cavity of the sleeve (17), of the top end of the front fork (3).

4. The folding skateboard electric bicycle based on the drv8301 grid driving chip according to claim 3, wherein the surface of the fixing seat (15) is provided with a T-shaped opening (21), the surface of the connecting rod (22) is provided with a limiting rod (23), the diameter of the limiting rod (23) is identical with the width of the T-shaped opening (21), and the top end of the limiting rod (23) extends to the outer side of the T-shaped opening (21).

5. The folding skateboard electric bicycle based on the drv8301 grid driving chip according to claim 2, wherein the upper surface of the supporting frame (16) is provided with a battery (2) respectively, the control unit (12) is arranged on the upper surface of the supporting frame (16), and the surface of the supporting table (13) is provided with a display screen.

6. The folding skateboard electric bicycle based on the drv8301 grid driving chip according to claim 1, wherein a baffle rod (24) is arranged between the rear ends of the bicycle frame (1).

7. The folding skateboard electric bicycle based on the drv8301 grid driving chip according to claim 2, wherein notches are formed on two sides of the supporting table (13), and the bottom of the handle (14) is rotatably connected with the notches through a rotating shaft.

8. The folding skateboard electric bicycle based on the drv8301 grid driving chip, as set forth in claim 5, is characterized in that an integrated encoder is provided at the grip (14) for collecting rotation angle information of the grip (14), and implementing forward rotation electronic braking and backward rotation acceleration with a singlechip of the control unit (12).

9. The folding skateboard electric bicycle based on drv8301 grid drive chip according to claim 2, characterized in that the hub motor (10) is a brushless hub motor.