CN116724877A - Method for keeping hermaphrodite population homozygosity of marijuana - Google Patents
Method for keeping hermaphrodite population homozygosity of marijuana Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 title claims description 125
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 51
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 51
- 230000010196 hermaphroditism Effects 0.000 title claims description 7
- 230000009105 vegetative growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 268
- 235000008697 Cannabis sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 74
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 51
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 46
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 240000004308 marijuana Species 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 20
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 claims description 11
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 9
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229930003779 Vitamin B12 Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-WZHZPDAFSA-L cobalt(3+);[(2r,3s,4r,5s)-5-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] [(2r)-1-[3-[(1r,2r,3r,4z,7s,9z,12s,13s,14z,17s,18s,19r)-2,13,18-tris(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-7,12,17-tris(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-3,5,8,8,13,15,18,19-octamethyl-2 Chemical compound [Co+3].N#[C-].N([C@@H]([C@]1(C)[N-]\C([C@H]([C@@]1(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=C(\C)/C1=N/C([C@H]([C@@]1(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=C\C1=N\C([C@H](C1(C)C)CCC(N)=O)=C/1C)[C@@H]2CC(N)=O)=C\1[C@]2(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@@H](C)OP([O-])(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](N2C3=CC(C)=C(C)C=C3N=C2)O[C@@H]1CO FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-WZHZPDAFSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011715 vitamin B12 Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019163 vitamin B12 Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- QZLYKIGBANMMBK-UGCZWRCOSA-N 5α-Androstane Chemical compound C([C@@H]1CC2)CCC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CCC[C@@]2(C)CC1 QZLYKIGBANMMBK-UGCZWRCOSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000031877 prophase Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000218235 Cannabaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000364051 Pima Species 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/18—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, directly attached to a heterocyclic or cycloaliphatic ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
- A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
- A01N57/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing heterocyclic radicals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/14—Boron; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P1/00—Disinfectants; Antimicrobial compounds or mixtures thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for keeping the homozygosity of a hermaphroditic strain population of maritime, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting seed field blocks; (2) seed reproduction; (3) seedling stage selection; (4) a vegetative growth phase candidate selection; purifying male and female plants in the population of (5); (6) purifying and breeding seeds; and (7) harvesting and storing. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that the excellent characters of the original male and female plants are purposefully reserved, the inferior plants separated due to cross pollination of the long-term different plants of the varieties are eliminated, and the purity and quality of the seeds are effectively ensured; the technical method is simple and feasible, low in cost and quick in effect, not only effectively prevents the rapid degradation of the variety, but also effectively prolongs the service life of the variety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a method for keeping the homozygosity of a pimpineal hermaphrodite population.
Background
Guangxi Barba Cannabis belongs to the family cannabinaceae, the genus Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) is a hermaphroditic plant, annual herbaceous plant. The cannabis sativa is seed cannabis sativa, is a high-value cash crop with homology of medicine and food, and the cannabis sativa is a traditional Chinese medicine material. The perennial planting area of Guangxi is about 10 ten thousand mu, is a characteristic dominant crop of Guangxi, is mainly distributed in river ponds and encyclopedia areas, and the cultivated species mainly is a local variety of 'Bama hemp'. At present, foods, medicines and health-care products developed by taking the cannabis sativa seeds as raw materials are sold at home and abroad along with the health-care industry of long-life health maintenance of the cannabis sativa, so that the rapid development of local economy is driven, and the food, the medicine and the health-care products become a powerful industrial growth point and are in short supply. The variety of the palmar cannabis is of a hermaphroditic strain type, the variety population is a relatively balanced genetic heterozygous population, and the whole uniformity, stability, yield and quality of the heterozygous population are reduced due to cross pollination of perennial different strains. Therefore, a method for keeping the hermaphroditic population of the baenaria is a key technology for effectively preventing the degradation of the baenaria and effectively prolonging the service life of the baenaria.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for effectively preventing the degradation of the variety of the baena sativa and effectively prolonging the service life of the variety of the baena sativa and keeping the hermaphrodite population homozygosity of the baena sativa.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method of maintaining homozygosity of a population of hermaphroditic strains of cannabis sativa, comprising the steps of:
(1) Selecting a seed breeding field: selecting a land block without cannabis plant in mountain-isolated mountain depression or 5km nearby as a seed reproduction field block;
(2) Seed reproduction: sowing improved seeds of the palma cannabis in autumn;
(3) And (3) seedling stage selection: when the first pair of true leaves of the cannabis sativa seedlings are unfolded after the first pair of true leaves of the cannabis sativa seedlings are developed, observing the color of hypocotyls of the cannabis sativa seedlings, eliminating plants with purple or light purple hypocotyls, and leaving the plants with green hypocotyls;
(4) Candidate selection of vegetative growth phase: the purple stems and the purple petioles in the vegetative growth period are used as candidate selection indexes, and plants with the purple stems or the purple petioles or both are continuously eliminated;
(5) Purifying female and male strains in the population:
5.1 Purification of the androstane population: (1) selecting male plant groups with consistent agronomic characters such as leaf color, stem color, petiole color, male flower sepal surface handfeel, anther color, pollen color and the like, wherein the plant heights of the male plant groups are relatively consistent, thick and strong, and the branches are more; (2) controlling the number of male plants to be 4-6% of the number of groups; (3) tian Jianxiong plants are distributed on the planting field according to 5 points around and in the middle; (4) selecting a male plant population with relatively concentrated flowering and bud time as a pollination population;
5.2 Purification of the female population: (1) selecting female plant groups with consistent agronomic characters such as leaf color, stem color, petiole color, female color, stigma color and the like, wherein the female plant groups are relatively consistent in plant height, thick and strong and have more branches; (2) selecting female plant groups with relatively concentrated flowering and bud setting time as seed reproduction groups;
(6) Purifying and breeding: leaving the male and female plants selected in the step (5) in a seed reproduction field, and naturally crossing, pollinating and setting the seed reproduction field;
(7) Harvesting and storing: selecting female plants with consistent maturity and consistent main agronomic characters for mixed harvesting; threshing, and drying the seeds until the moisture content is below 12%, thus obtaining the genetic relatively homozygous seed of the cannabis sativa; and drying and refrigerating the genetically relatively homozygous seed of the palmar cannabis.
Further, after the seed reproduction field is selected in the step (1), soil preparation is carried out, 600-800 kg of decomposed pig manure and 40-50 kg of compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are applied per mu as base fertilizers.
Further, the step (2) is characterized in that the improved variety of the pima cannabis is subjected to pretreatment before sowing, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: 1) Soaking the selected fine seed of the disease-free and complete particle of the Pamama cannabis in a 50% aqueous solution of the wettable powder of the carbendazim with the concentration of 0.25%, filtering, and air-drying to obtain sterilized seed; 2) The sterilized seeds are put into pretreatment liquid for soaking the seeds for 1.2 to 1.5 hours, and the pretreatment liquid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: boric acid 0.5-0.8%; sodium alginate 0.3-0.5%; 3% -5% of calcium chloride; 4% -6% of carboxymethyl chitosan; vitamin B12 is 0.02% -0.03%; the balance being water.
Further, after sowing in the step (2), drip irrigation is carried out daily to assist the color development auxiliary growth solution for the color development of the hypocotyl of the cannabis sativa, and the color development auxiliary growth solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 parts of water, 30-35 parts of sodium alginate, 20-25 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 25-30 parts of urea, 0.25-0.3 part of gibberellin and 4-6 parts of ethanol.
Further, the color development auxiliary growth solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 parts of water, 32-35 parts of sodium alginate, 23-25 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 27-30 parts of urea, 0.28-0.3 part of gibberellin and 5-6 parts of ethanol.
Further, the daily drip irrigation quantity of the color development auxiliary growth liquid is 30-40 kg/mu, and the drip irrigation method comprises the following steps: diluting with water, and drip irrigation; drip irrigation time: the drip irrigation is finished from the beginning of sowing to the time when the first pair of true leaves are unfolded after the seedlings of the palma hemp are emerged.
Further, during the drip irrigation of the color development auxiliary growth liquid, the light source with the wavelength of 450-500 nm and the illumination intensity of 1000-1500 Lx is used for irradiating the seed breeding field for 3-5 h at night every day.
Further, in the step (5), the bud emergence time of the male plants is 10 ten days in the middle of month, the buds of the female plants are discovered after the buds of the male plants are discovered for 7 days, and the male and female plants are distinguished through the bud emergence time.
Further, the number of male plants in the step 5.1) is controlled to be 5% of the number of the population.
Further, the storage temperature of the cannabis sativa seeds in the step (7) is 6-12 ℃.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention relates to a method for keeping the homozygosity of the female and male plants of the marijuana, which aims at keeping the excellent characters of the original female and male plants and eliminating the inferior plants separated by the long-term cross pollination of the different plants of the varieties; the technology comprises the steps of selecting plants in a seedling stage and a vegetative growth stage, selecting male and female plants in a reproductive growth stage, naturally pollinating and setting the selected male and female populations, and obtaining hemp seeds which are relatively homozygous seeds of a genetic population; the technology relates to a selection index of a special purple hypocotyl in a seedling stage, a candidate selection index of a purple stem or a purple petiole in a vegetative growth stage or both, and a typical agronomic character selection index in a reproductive growth stage; the seedling stage and the vegetative stage utilize the dominant purple and recessive green genetic markers of hypocotyls to complete the selection of the group prophase consistency, thereby effectively reducing the occupation of the obsolete plants on resources such as fertilizer, growth space and the like; the female plants and the male plants are selected in the reproductive period, so that the purity and quality of seeds are effectively ensured; the technical method is simple and feasible, low in cost and quick in effect, not only effectively prevents the rapid degradation of the variety, but also effectively prolongs the service life of the variety.
The invention relates to a method for keeping the homozygosity of the hermaphroditic population of the cannabis sativa, which comprises the steps of pre-treating the improved seed of the cannabis sativa before sowing, sterilizing the seed, preventing the occurrence of diseases of the seed, ensuring higher survival rate of the seed, immersing the seed in a pretreatment liquid, and improving the germination rate of the seed by more than 2 percent under the multiple actions of boric acid, sodium alginate, calcium chloride, carboxymethyl chitosan, vitamin B12 and other components; after sowing, drip irrigation is carried out every day to assist the color development auxiliary growth solution of the color development of the hypocotyl of the palmar cannabis sativa, and sodium alginate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and other components provide more sufficient nutrients for the palmar cannabis sativa, gibberellin is added to promote the growth of root systems and rhizomes of the palmar cannabis sativa, and simultaneously promote the color development of the hypocotyl of the palmar cannabis sativa, assist in screening out purple or light purple plants of the hypocotyl, and further ensure the purity and quality of seeds; the illumination radiation treatment is additionally carried out at night during the drip irrigation and color development auxiliary growth solution, so that the plants with purple or light purple hypocotyls are further screened out in an auxiliary manner, and the purity and quality of the seeds are further ensured.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a picture of typical agronomic traits of a male and female strain of palma maritime.
Detailed Description
The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in a more complete understanding of the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Example 1
1. Selecting a seed breeding field: selecting a test place of a scientific research base built in Guangxi agricultural academy of sciences in 2021, wherein no hemp is planted in 5km nearby; preparing land, wherein 600kg of decomposed pig manure and 40kg of compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are applied to each mu of land as base fertilizer;
2. sowing time: sowing in 2021, 8 and 10 days;
3. seedling stage selection index: selecting purple hypocotyls in a seedling stage, and eliminating plants with purple or light purple hypocotyls when the first pair of true leaves are unfolded after the seedlings of the cannabis sativa, and leaving the plants with green hypocotyls; the whole seed breeding field is comprehensively selected in the seedling stage;
4. candidate selection index for vegetative growth phase: when the palmar hemp enters the vegetative growth period, the seed field is comprehensively selected, and plants with purple stems or purple petioles or both are continuously eliminated;
5. bud time: the bud of the male plant is about 10 ten days in the middle of month, and the bud of the female plant is about 7 days later;
6. purifying female and male strains in the population:
(1) Purification of Male plants
(1) Selection of a population of stamen: selecting in 10 middle of 2021 according to typical characters of male plants of Cannabis sativa, wherein the leaves are green, the stems are green, the petioles are green, the surfaces are rough, the surfaces of green clustered male flowers and male sepals are smooth, and the surfaces of the male sepals are light yellow anthers and yellow-white pollens; the height of the male plant group is relatively consistent, thick and strong, and the branches are more; specifically as shown in fig. 1;
(2) Number of male plants: the pollen of the male plants of the palma cannabis is more and lighter, the male plants can spread for 5km along with wind, the smaller the number of the male plants is, the smaller the variation amplitude of offspring is, the higher the population purity and uniformity are, so that under the condition of meeting the pollination requirement of the whole field, the smaller the number of the male plants is, the better the number is, and 5% of plants of the whole field are reserved; the row spacing of each mu of plants is 0.8m multiplied by 0.8m, and the total Tian Zhizhu is about 1042 plants, so that 52 male plants can be reserved in a seed reproduction field;
(3) distribution of stamen: the male plants are randomly distributed at the periphery and the middle position of the field, so that the pollination efficiency is improved, and the pollination coverage is ensured;
(4) selection of male plant population in bud phase: selecting a population of male plants relatively concentrated between 15 and 25 days of the bud period;
(2) Purification of female plants
(1) Selection of female strain populations: selecting in the middle and late 10 months of 2021 according to typical characters of the female strain of the cannabis sativa; female plant groups with consistent agronomic characters such as green leaves, green stems, green petioles, yellow green female flowers, white stigmas and the like, and the hemp seeds are oval, the seed coats are patterned, light brown, and grains are not easy to fall off in the later period of maturation, and the female plant groups are shown in figure 1; the female plant group has relatively consistent plant height, is thick and strong and has more branches;
(2) Selection of female strain population in bud phase: the flowering and bud-setting time of the selected female plants is relatively concentrated in female plant groups in the middle and late 10 months;
7. seed reproduction: the selected male and female plants are left in the field, and are naturally hybridized, pollinated and matured;
8. harvesting: selecting female plant groups with consistent maturity and consistent main agronomic characters in the middle 12 th year of 2021, and carrying out mixed harvesting; the appearance characters of the harvested seeds are relatively consistent, the seed egg shape, the seed coat has patterns, the seed coat is light brown, the seed coat has luster, the fullness of the seeds is good, the thousand seed weight of 21.68g is of a medium seed type, and the seed picture in figure 1 shows that 58.97kg of hemp seeds are produced per mu, and the table 1 shows that;
9. and (3) storage: after threshing, when the moisture of seeds is reduced to 12%, the seeds are placed into a dry refrigerating room for storage; the obtained seed is the genetic relatively homozygous seed of the Cannabis sativa.
Table 1: yield of Cannabis sativa Qiu Fanhuo hemp seeds
Example 2
1. Selecting a seed breeding field: selecting a test place of a scientific research base built in Guangxi agricultural academy of sciences in 2021, wherein no hemp is planted in 5km nearby; preparing land, wherein 600kg of decomposed pig manure and 40kg of compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are applied to each mu of land as base fertilizer;
2. sowing time: the improved variety of the palma hemp is pretreated before sowing, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: 1) Soaking the selected fine seed of the disease-free and complete particle of the Pamama cannabis in a 50% aqueous solution of the wettable powder of the carbendazim with the concentration of 0.25%, filtering, and air-drying to obtain sterilized seed; 2) Soaking the sterilized seeds in a pretreatment liquid for 1.2 hours, wherein the pretreatment liquid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: boric acid 0.5%; sodium alginate 0.3%; 3% of calcium chloride; carboxymethyl chitosan 4%; vitamin B12.02%; the balance being water; sowing in 2021, 8 and 10 days; after sowing, drip irrigation daily to assist the color development auxiliary growth solution of the hypocotyl color development of the cannabis sativa seedlings, wherein the color development auxiliary growth solution consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 parts of water, 30 parts of sodium alginate, 20 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 25 parts of urea, 0.25 part of gibberellin and 4 parts of ethanol; the daily drip irrigation quantity of the color development auxiliary growth liquid is 30 kg/mu, and the drip irrigation method comprises the following steps: diluting with water, and drip irrigation; drip irrigation time: starting at sowing time, and ending drip irrigation when the first pair of true leaves are unfolded after the seedlings of the cannabis sativa emerge; during the drip irrigation of the color development auxiliary growth liquid, a light source with the wavelength of 450-500 nm and the illumination intensity of 1000Lx is used for irradiating seed reproduction fields for 3h at night every day;
3. Seedling stage selection index: selecting purple hypocotyls in a seedling stage, and eliminating plants with purple or light purple hypocotyls when the first pair of true leaves are unfolded after the seedlings of the cannabis sativa, and leaving the plants with green hypocotyls; the whole seed breeding field is comprehensively selected in the seedling stage;
4. candidate selection index for vegetative growth phase: when the palmar hemp enters the vegetative growth period, the seed field is comprehensively selected, and plants with purple stems or purple petioles or both are continuously eliminated;
5. bud time: the bud of the male plant is about 10 ten days in the middle of month, and the bud of the female plant is about 7 days later;
6. purifying female and male strains in the population:
(1) Purification of Male plants
(1) Selection of a population of stamen: selecting in 10 middle of 2021 according to typical characters of male plants of Cannabis sativa, wherein the leaves are green, the stems are green, the petioles are green, the surfaces are rough, the surfaces of green clustered male flowers and male sepals are smooth, and the surfaces of the male sepals are light yellow anthers and yellow-white pollens; the height of the male plant group is relatively consistent, thick and strong, and the branches are more; specifically as shown in fig. 1;
(2) number of male plants: the pollen of the male plants of the palma cannabis is more and lighter, the male plants can spread for 5km along with wind, the smaller the number of the male plants is, the smaller the variation amplitude of offspring is, the higher the population purity and uniformity are, so that under the condition of meeting the pollination requirement of the whole field, the smaller the number of the male plants is, the better the number of the male plants is, and 4% of plants of the whole field are reserved; the row spacing of each mu of plants is 0.8m multiplied by 0.8m, and the total Tian Zhizhu is about 1006 plants, so that 40 male plants are reserved in a seed reproduction field;
(3) Distribution of stamen: the male plants are randomly distributed at the periphery and the middle position of the field, so that the pollination efficiency is improved, and the pollination coverage is ensured;
(4) selection of male plant population in bud phase: selecting a population of male plants relatively concentrated between 15 and 25 days of the bud period;
(2) Purification of female plants
(1) Selection of female strain populations: selecting in the middle and late 10 months of 2021 according to typical characters of the female strain of the cannabis sativa; female plant groups with consistent agronomic characters such as green leaves, green stems, green petioles, yellow green female flowers, white stigmas and the like, and the hemp seeds are oval, the seed coats are patterned, light brown, and grains are not easy to fall off in the later period of maturation, and the female plant groups are shown in figure 1; the female plant group has relatively consistent plant height, is thick and strong and has more branches;
(2) selection of female strain population in bud phase: the flowering and bud-setting time of the selected female plants is relatively concentrated in female plant groups in the middle and late 10 months;
7. seed reproduction: the selected male and female plants are left in the field, and are naturally hybridized, pollinated and matured;
8. harvesting: selecting female plant groups with consistent maturity and consistent main agronomic characters in the middle 12 th year of 2021, and carrying out mixed harvesting; the appearance characters of the harvested seeds are relatively consistent, the seed egg shape, the seed coat has patterns, the seed coat is light brown, the seed coat has luster, the fullness of the seeds is good, the thousand seed weight of 21.68g is of a medium seed type, and the seed picture in figure 1 shows that 58.97kg of hemp seeds are produced per mu, and the table 2 shows that;
9. And (3) storage: after threshing, when the moisture of seeds is reduced to 12%, the seeds are placed into a dry refrigerating room for storage; the obtained seed is the genetic relatively homozygous seed of the Cannabis sativa.
Table 2: yield of Cannabis sativa Qiu Fanhuo hemp seeds
Example 3
1. Selecting a seed breeding field: selecting a test place of a scientific research base built in Guangxi agricultural academy of sciences in 2021, wherein no hemp is planted in 5km nearby; preparing land, wherein 800kg of decomposed pig manure and 50kg of compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are applied to each mu of land as base fertilizer;
2. sowing time: the improved variety of the palma hemp is pretreated before sowing, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: 1) Soaking the selected fine seed of the disease-free and complete particle of the Pamama cannabis in a 50% aqueous solution of the wettable powder of the carbendazim with the concentration of 0.25%, filtering, and air-drying to obtain sterilized seed; 2) Soaking the sterilized seeds in a pretreatment liquid for 1.5 hours, wherein the pretreatment liquid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: boric acid 0.8%; sodium alginate 0.5%; 5% of calcium chloride; 6% of carboxymethyl chitosan; vitamin B12.03%; the balance being water; sowing in 2021, 8 and 10 days; after sowing, drip irrigation daily to assist the color development auxiliary growth solution of the hypocotyl color development of the cannabis sativa seedlings, wherein the color development auxiliary growth solution consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 parts of water, 35 parts of sodium alginate, 25 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 30 parts of urea, 0.3 part of gibberellin and 6 parts of ethanol; the daily drip irrigation quantity of the color development auxiliary growth liquid is 40 kg/mu, and the drip irrigation method comprises the following steps: diluting with water, and drip irrigation; drip irrigation time: starting at sowing time, and ending drip irrigation when the first pair of true leaves are unfolded after the seedlings of the cannabis sativa emerge; during the drip irrigation of the color development auxiliary growth solution, a light source with the wavelength of 450-500 nm and the illumination intensity of 1500Lx is used for irradiating seed reproduction fields for 5h at night every day;
3. Seedling stage selection index: selecting purple hypocotyls in a seedling stage, and eliminating plants with purple or light purple hypocotyls when the first pair of true leaves are unfolded after the seedlings of the cannabis sativa, and leaving the plants with green hypocotyls; the whole seed breeding field is comprehensively selected in the seedling stage;
4. candidate selection index for vegetative growth phase: when the palmar hemp enters the vegetative growth period, the seed field is comprehensively selected, and plants with purple stems or purple petioles or both are continuously eliminated;
5. bud time: the bud of the male plant is about 10 ten days in the middle of month, and the bud of the female plant is about 7 days later;
6. purifying female and male strains in the population:
(1) Purification of Male plants
(1) Selection of a population of stamen: selecting in 10 middle of 2021 according to typical characters of male plants of Cannabis sativa, wherein the leaves are green, the stems are green, the petioles are green, the surfaces are rough, the surfaces of green clustered male flowers and male sepals are smooth, and the surfaces of the male sepals are light yellow anthers and yellow-white pollens; the height of the male plant group is relatively consistent, thick and strong, and the branches are more; specifically as shown in fig. 1;
(2) number of male plants: the pollen of the male plants of the palma cannabis is more and lighter, the male plants can spread for 5km along with wind, the smaller the number of the male plants is, the smaller the variation amplitude of offspring is, the higher the population purity and uniformity are, so that under the condition of meeting the pollination requirement of the whole field, the smaller the number of the male plants is, the better the number is, and 6% of plants of the whole field plants can be reserved; the row spacing of each mu of plants is 0.8m multiplied by 0.8m, and the total Tian Zhizhu is about 1006 plants, so that 60 male plants are reserved in a seed reproduction field;
(3) Distribution of stamen: the male plants are randomly distributed at the periphery and the middle position of the field, so that the pollination efficiency is improved, and the pollination coverage is ensured;
(4) selection of male plant population in bud phase: selecting a population of male plants relatively concentrated between 15 and 25 days of the bud period;
(2) Purification of female plants
(1) Selection of female strain populations: selecting in the middle and late 10 months of 2021 according to typical characters of the female strain of the cannabis sativa; female plant groups with consistent agronomic characters such as green leaves, green stems, green petioles, yellow green female flowers, white stigmas and the like, and the hemp seeds are oval, the seed coats are patterned, light brown, and grains are not easy to fall off in the later period of maturation, and the female plant groups are shown in figure 1; the female plant group has relatively consistent plant height, is thick and strong and has more branches;
(2) selection of female strain population in bud phase: the flowering and bud-setting time of the selected female plants is relatively concentrated in female plant groups in the middle and late 10 months;
7. seed reproduction: the selected male and female plants are left in the field, and are naturally hybridized, pollinated and matured;
8. harvesting: selecting female plant groups with consistent maturity and consistent main agronomic characters in the middle 12 th year of 2021, and carrying out mixed harvesting; the appearance characters of the harvested seeds are relatively consistent, the seed egg shape, the seed coat has patterns, the seed coat is light brown, the seed coat has luster, the fullness of the seeds is good, the thousand seed weight of 21.68g is of a medium seed type, and the seed picture in figure 1 shows that 58.97kg of hemp seeds are produced per mu, and the table 3 shows that;
9. And (3) storage: after threshing, when the moisture of seeds is reduced to 12%, the seeds are placed into a dry refrigerating room for storage; the obtained seed is the genetic relatively homozygous seed of the Cannabis sativa.
Table 3: yield of Cannabis sativa Qiu Fanhuo hemp seeds
Example 4
1. Selecting a seed breeding field: selecting a test place of a scientific research base built in Guangxi agricultural academy of sciences in 2021, wherein no hemp is planted in 5km nearby; preparing land, wherein 700kg of decomposed pig manure and 45kg of compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are applied to each mu of land as base fertilizers;
2. sowing time: the improved variety of the palma hemp is pretreated before sowing, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: 1) Soaking the selected fine seed of the disease-free and complete particle of the Pamama cannabis in a 50% aqueous solution of the wettable powder of the carbendazim with the concentration of 0.25%, filtering, and air-drying to obtain sterilized seed; 2) Soaking the sterilized seeds in a pretreatment liquid for 1.3 hours, wherein the pretreatment liquid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: boric acid 0.6%; sodium alginate 0.4%; calcium chloride 4%; carboxymethyl chitosan 5%; vitamin B12.03%; the balance being water; sowing in 2021, 8 and 10 days; after sowing, drip irrigation daily to assist the color development auxiliary growth solution of the hypocotyl color development of the cannabis sativa seedlings, wherein the color development auxiliary growth solution consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 parts of water, 32 parts of sodium alginate, 23 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 27 parts of urea, 0.28 part of gibberellin and 5 parts of ethanol; the daily drip irrigation quantity of the color development auxiliary growth liquid is 35 kg/mu, and the drip irrigation method comprises the following steps: diluting with water, and drip irrigation; drip irrigation time: starting at sowing time, and ending drip irrigation when the first pair of true leaves are unfolded after the seedlings of the cannabis sativa emerge; during the drip irrigation of the color development auxiliary growth liquid, a light source with the wavelength of 450-500 nm and the illumination intensity of 1200Lx is used for irradiating seed reproduction fields for 4h at night every day;
3. Seedling stage selection index: selecting purple hypocotyls in a seedling stage, and eliminating plants with purple or light purple hypocotyls when the first pair of true leaves are unfolded after the seedlings of the cannabis sativa, and leaving the plants with green hypocotyls; the whole seed breeding field is comprehensively selected in the seedling stage;
4. candidate selection index for vegetative growth phase: when the palmar hemp enters the vegetative growth period, the seed field is comprehensively selected, and plants with purple stems or purple petioles or both are continuously eliminated;
5. bud time: the bud of the male plant is about 10 ten days in the middle of month, and the bud of the female plant is about 7 days later;
6. purifying female and male strains in the population:
(1) Purification of Male plants
(1) Selection of a population of stamen: selecting in 10 middle of 2021 according to typical characters of male plants of Cannabis sativa, wherein the leaves are green, the stems are green, the petioles are green, the surfaces are rough, the surfaces of green clustered male flowers and male sepals are smooth, and the surfaces of the male sepals are light yellow anthers and yellow-white pollens; the height of the male plant group is relatively consistent, thick and strong, and the branches are more; specifically as shown in fig. 1;
(2) number of male plants: the pollen of the male plants of the palma cannabis is more and lighter, the male plants can spread for 5km along with wind, the smaller the number of the male plants is, the smaller the variation amplitude of offspring is, the higher the population purity and uniformity are, so that under the condition of meeting the pollination requirement of the whole field, the smaller the number of the male plants is, the better the number is, and 5% of plants of the whole field are reserved; the row spacing of each mu of plants is 0.8m multiplied by 0.8m, and the total Tian Zhizhu is about 987 plants, so that 49 male plants are reserved in a seed reproduction field;
(3) Distribution of stamen: the male plants are randomly distributed at the periphery and the middle position of the field, so that the pollination efficiency is improved, and the pollination coverage is ensured;
(4) selection of male plant population in bud phase: selecting a population of male plants relatively concentrated between 15 and 25 days of the bud period;
(2) Purification of female plants
(1) Selection of female strain populations: selecting in the middle and late 10 months of 2021 according to typical characters of the female strain of the cannabis sativa; female plant groups with consistent agronomic characters such as green leaves, green stems, green petioles, yellow green female flowers, white stigmas and the like, and the hemp seeds are oval, the seed coats are patterned, light brown, and grains are not easy to fall off in the later period of maturation, and the female plant groups are shown in figure 1; the female plant group has relatively consistent plant height, is thick and strong and has more branches;
(2) selection of female strain population in bud phase: the flowering and bud-setting time of the selected female plants is relatively concentrated in female plant groups in the middle and late 10 months;
7. seed reproduction: the selected male and female plants are left in the field, and are naturally hybridized, pollinated and matured;
8. harvesting: selecting female plant groups with consistent maturity and consistent main agronomic characters in the middle 12 th year of 2021, and carrying out mixed harvesting; the appearance characters of the harvested seeds are relatively consistent, the seed egg shape, the seed coat has patterns, the seed coat is light brown, the seed coat has luster, the fullness of the seeds is good, the thousand seed weight of 21.68g is of a medium seed type, and the seed picture in figure 1 shows that 58.97kg of hemp seeds are produced per mu, and the table 4 shows that;
9. And (3) storage: after threshing, when the moisture of seeds is reduced to 12%, the seeds are placed into a dry refrigerating room for storage; the obtained seed is the genetic relatively homozygous seed of the Cannabis sativa.
Table 4: yield of Cannabis sativa Qiu Fanhuo hemp seeds
Example 5
1. Selecting a seed breeding field: selecting a test place of a scientific research base built in Guangxi agricultural academy of sciences in 2021, wherein no hemp is planted in 5km nearby; preparing land, wherein 700kg of decomposed pig manure and 45kg of compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are applied to each mu of land as base fertilizers;
2. sowing time: sowing in 2021, 8 and 10 days; after sowing, drip irrigation daily to assist the color development auxiliary growth solution of the hypocotyl color development of the cannabis sativa seedlings, wherein the color development auxiliary growth solution consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 parts of water, 32 parts of sodium alginate, 23 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 27 parts of urea, 0.28 part of gibberellin and 5 parts of ethanol; the daily drip irrigation quantity of the color development auxiliary growth liquid is 35 kg/mu, and the drip irrigation method comprises the following steps: diluting with water, and drip irrigation; drip irrigation time: starting at sowing time, and ending drip irrigation when the first pair of true leaves are unfolded after the seedlings of the cannabis sativa emerge; during the drip irrigation of the color development auxiliary growth liquid, a light source with the wavelength of 450-500 nm and the illumination intensity of 1200Lx is used for irradiating seed reproduction fields for 4h at night every day;
3. Seedling stage selection index: selecting purple hypocotyls in a seedling stage, and eliminating plants with purple or light purple hypocotyls when the first pair of true leaves are unfolded after the seedlings of the cannabis sativa, and leaving the plants with green hypocotyls; the whole seed breeding field is comprehensively selected in the seedling stage;
4. candidate selection index for vegetative growth phase: when the palmar hemp enters the vegetative growth period, the seed field is comprehensively selected, and plants with purple stems or purple petioles or both are continuously eliminated;
5. bud time: the bud of the male plant is about 10 ten days in the middle of month, and the bud of the female plant is about 7 days later;
6. purifying female and male strains in the population:
(1) Purification of Male plants
(1) Selection of a population of stamen: selecting in 10 middle of 2021 according to typical characters of male plants of Cannabis sativa, wherein the leaves are green, the stems are green, the petioles are green, the surfaces are rough, the surfaces of green clustered male flowers and male sepals are smooth, and the surfaces of the male sepals are light yellow anthers and yellow-white pollens; the height of the male plant group is relatively consistent, thick and strong, and the branches are more; specifically as shown in fig. 1;
(2) number of male plants: the pollen of the male plants of the palma cannabis is more and lighter, the male plants can spread for 5km along with wind, the smaller the number of the male plants is, the smaller the variation amplitude of offspring is, the higher the population purity and uniformity are, so that under the condition of meeting the pollination requirement of the whole field, the smaller the number of the male plants is, the better the number is, and 5% of plants of the whole field are reserved; the row spacing of each mu of plants is 0.8m multiplied by 0.8m, and the total Tian Zhizhu is about 954 plants, so that 48 male plants are reserved in a seed reproduction field;
(3) Distribution of stamen: the male plants are randomly distributed at the periphery and the middle position of the field, so that the pollination efficiency is improved, and the pollination coverage is ensured;
(4) selection of male plant population in bud phase: selecting a population of male plants relatively concentrated between 15 and 25 days of the bud period;
(2) Purification of female plants
(1) Selection of female strain populations: selecting in the middle and late 10 months of 2021 according to typical characters of the female strain of the cannabis sativa; female plant groups with consistent agronomic characters such as green leaves, green stems, green petioles, yellow green female flowers, white stigmas and the like, and the hemp seeds are oval, the seed coats are patterned, light brown, and grains are not easy to fall off in the later period of maturation, and the female plant groups are shown in figure 1; the female plant group has relatively consistent plant height, is thick and strong and has more branches;
(2) selection of female strain population in bud phase: the flowering and bud-setting time of the selected female plants is relatively concentrated in female plant groups in the middle and late 10 months;
7. seed reproduction: the selected male and female plants are left in the field, and are naturally hybridized, pollinated and matured;
8. harvesting: selecting female plant groups with consistent maturity and consistent main agronomic characters in the middle 12 th year of 2021, and carrying out mixed harvesting; the appearance characters of the harvested seeds are relatively consistent, the seed egg shape, the seed coat has patterns, the seed coat is light brown, the seed coat has luster, the fullness of the seeds is good, the thousand seed weight of 21.68g is of a medium seed type, and the seed picture in figure 1 shows that 58.97kg of hemp seeds are produced per mu, and the table 5 shows that;
9. And (3) storage: after threshing, when the moisture of seeds is reduced to 12%, the seeds are placed into a dry refrigerating room for storage; the obtained seed is the genetic relatively homozygous seed of the Cannabis sativa.
Table 5: yield of Cannabis sativa Qiu Fanhuo hemp seeds
Example 6
1. Selecting a seed breeding field: selecting a test place of a scientific research base built in Guangxi agricultural academy of sciences in 2021, wherein no hemp is planted in 5km nearby; preparing land, wherein 700kg of decomposed pig manure and 45kg of compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are applied to each mu of land as base fertilizers;
2. sowing time: the improved variety of the palma hemp is pretreated before sowing, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: 1) Soaking the selected fine seed of the disease-free and complete particle of the Pamama cannabis in a 50% aqueous solution of the wettable powder of the carbendazim with the concentration of 0.25%, filtering, and air-drying to obtain sterilized seed; 2) Soaking the sterilized seeds in a pretreatment liquid for 1.3 hours, wherein the pretreatment liquid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: boric acid 0.6%; sodium alginate 0.4%; calcium chloride 4%; carboxymethyl chitosan 5%; vitamin B12.03%; the balance being water; sowing in 2021, 8 and 10 days; starting at sowing, and irradiating seed propagation fields for 4h at night by using a light source with the wavelength of 450-500 nm and the illumination intensity of 1200Lx every day when the first pair of true leaves are unfolded after the seedlings of the cannabis sativa;
3. Seedling stage selection index: selecting purple hypocotyls in a seedling stage, and eliminating plants with purple or light purple hypocotyls when the first pair of true leaves are unfolded after the seedlings of the cannabis sativa, and leaving the plants with green hypocotyls; the whole seed breeding field is comprehensively selected in the seedling stage;
4. candidate selection index for vegetative growth phase: when the palmar hemp enters the vegetative growth period, the seed field is comprehensively selected, and plants with purple stems or purple petioles or both are continuously eliminated;
5. bud time: the bud of the male plant is about 10 ten days in the middle of month, and the bud of the female plant is about 7 days later;
6. purifying female and male strains in the population:
(1) Purification of Male plants
(1) Selection of a population of stamen: selecting in 10 middle of 2021 according to typical characters of male plants of Cannabis sativa, wherein the leaves are green, the stems are green, the petioles are green, the surfaces are rough, the surfaces of green clustered male flowers and male sepals are smooth, and the surfaces of the male sepals are light yellow anthers and yellow-white pollens; the height of the male plant group is relatively consistent, thick and strong, and the branches are more; specifically as shown in fig. 1;
(2) number of male plants: the pollen of the male plants of the palma cannabis is more and lighter, the male plants can spread for 5km along with wind, the smaller the number of the male plants is, the smaller the variation amplitude of offspring is, the higher the population purity and uniformity are, so that under the condition of meeting the pollination requirement of the whole field, the smaller the number of the male plants is, the better the number is, and 5% of plants of the whole field are reserved; the row spacing of each mu of plants is 0.8m multiplied by 0.8m, and the total Tian Zhizhu is about 1018 plants, so that 51 male plants are reserved in a seed reproduction field;
(3) Distribution of stamen: the male plants are randomly distributed at the periphery and the middle position of the field, so that the pollination efficiency is improved, and the pollination coverage is ensured;
(4) selection of male plant population in bud phase: selecting a population of male plants relatively concentrated between 15 and 25 days of the bud period;
(2) Purification of female plants
(1) Selection of female strain populations: selecting in the middle and late 10 months of 2021 according to typical characters of the female strain of the cannabis sativa; female plant groups with consistent agronomic characters such as green leaves, green stems, green petioles, yellow green female flowers, white stigmas and the like, and the hemp seeds are oval, the seed coats are patterned, light brown, and grains are not easy to fall off in the later period of maturation, and the female plant groups are shown in figure 1; the female plant group has relatively consistent plant height, is thick and strong and has more branches;
(2) selection of female strain population in bud phase: the flowering and bud-setting time of the selected female plants is relatively concentrated in female plant groups in the middle and late 10 months;
7. seed reproduction: the selected male and female plants are left in the field, and are naturally hybridized, pollinated and matured;
8. harvesting: selecting female plant groups with consistent maturity and consistent main agronomic characters in the middle 12 th year of 2021, and carrying out mixed harvesting; the appearance characters of the harvested seeds are relatively consistent, the seed egg shape, the seed coat has patterns, the seed coat is light brown, the seed coat has luster, the fullness of the seeds is good, the thousand seed weight of 21.68g is of a medium seed type, and the seed picture in figure 1 shows that 58.97kg of hemp seeds are produced per mu, and the table 6 shows that;
9. And (3) storage: after threshing, when the moisture of seeds is reduced to 12%, the seeds are placed into a dry refrigerating room for storage; the obtained seed is the genetic relatively homozygous seed of the Cannabis sativa.
Table 6: yield of Cannabis sativa Qiu Fanhuo hemp seeds
Example 7
1. Selecting a seed breeding field: selecting a test place of a scientific research base built in Guangxi agricultural academy of sciences in 2021, wherein no hemp is planted in 5km nearby; preparing land, wherein 700kg of decomposed pig manure and 45kg of compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are applied to each mu of land as base fertilizers;
2. sowing time: the improved variety of the palma hemp is pretreated before sowing, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: 1) Soaking the selected fine seed of the disease-free and complete particle of the Pamama cannabis in a 50% aqueous solution of the wettable powder of the carbendazim with the concentration of 0.25%, filtering, and air-drying to obtain sterilized seed; 2) Soaking the sterilized seeds in a pretreatment liquid for 1.3 hours, wherein the pretreatment liquid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: boric acid 0.6%; sodium alginate 0.4%; calcium chloride 4%; carboxymethyl chitosan 5%; vitamin B12.03%; the balance being water; sowing in 2021, 8 and 10 days; after sowing, drip irrigation daily to assist the color development auxiliary growth solution of the hypocotyl color development of the cannabis sativa seedlings, wherein the color development auxiliary growth solution consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 parts of water, 32 parts of sodium alginate, 23 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 27 parts of urea, 0.28 part of gibberellin and 5 parts of ethanol; the daily drip irrigation quantity of the color development auxiliary growth liquid is 35 kg/mu, and the drip irrigation method comprises the following steps: diluting with water, and drip irrigation; drip irrigation time: starting at sowing time, and ending drip irrigation when the first pair of true leaves are unfolded after the seedlings of the cannabis sativa emerge;
3. Seedling stage selection index: selecting purple hypocotyls in a seedling stage, and eliminating plants with purple or light purple hypocotyls when the first pair of true leaves are unfolded after the seedlings of the cannabis sativa, and leaving the plants with green hypocotyls; the whole seed breeding field is comprehensively selected in the seedling stage;
4. candidate selection index for vegetative growth phase: when the palmar hemp enters the vegetative growth period, the seed field is comprehensively selected, and plants with purple stems or purple petioles or both are continuously eliminated;
5. bud time: the bud of the male plant is about 10 ten days in the middle of month, and the bud of the female plant is about 7 days later;
6. purifying female and male strains in the population:
(1) Purification of Male plants
(1) Selection of a population of stamen: selecting in 10 middle of 2021 according to typical characters of male plants of Cannabis sativa, wherein the leaves are green, the stems are green, the petioles are green, the surfaces are rough, the surfaces of green clustered male flowers and male sepals are smooth, and the surfaces of the male sepals are light yellow anthers and yellow-white pollens; the height of the male plant group is relatively consistent, thick and strong, and the branches are more; specifically as shown in fig. 1;
(2) number of male plants: the pollen of the male plants of the palma cannabis is more and lighter, the male plants can spread for 5km along with wind, the smaller the number of the male plants is, the smaller the variation amplitude of offspring is, the higher the population purity and uniformity are, so that under the condition of meeting the pollination requirement of the whole field, the smaller the number of the male plants is, the better the number is, and 5% of plants of the whole field are reserved; the row spacing of each mu of plants is 0.8m multiplied by 0.8m, and the total Tian Zhizhu is about 1023 plants, so that 51 male plants can be reserved in a seed reproduction field;
(3) Distribution of stamen: the male plants are randomly distributed at the periphery and the middle position of the field, so that the pollination efficiency is improved, and the pollination coverage is ensured;
(4) selection of male plant population in bud phase: selecting a population of male plants relatively concentrated between 15 and 25 days of the bud period;
(2) Purification of female plants
(1) Selection of female strain populations: selecting in the middle and late 10 months of 2021 according to typical characters of the female strain of the cannabis sativa; female plant groups with consistent agronomic characters such as green leaves, green stems, green petioles, yellow green female flowers, white stigmas and the like, and the hemp seeds are oval, the seed coats are patterned, light brown, and grains are not easy to fall off in the later period of maturation, and the female plant groups are shown in figure 1; the female plant group has relatively consistent plant height, is thick and strong and has more branches;
(2) selection of female strain population in bud phase: the flowering and bud-setting time of the selected female plants is relatively concentrated in female plant groups in the middle and late 10 months;
7. seed reproduction: the selected male and female plants are left in the field, and are naturally hybridized, pollinated and matured;
8. harvesting: selecting female plant groups with consistent maturity and consistent main agronomic characters in the middle 12 th year of 2021, and carrying out mixed harvesting; the appearance characters of the harvested seeds are relatively consistent, the seed egg shape, the seed coat has patterns, the seed coat is light brown, the seed coat has luster, the fullness of the seeds is good, the thousand seed weight of 21.68g is of a medium seed type, and the seed picture in figure 1 shows that 58.97kg of hemp seeds are produced per mu, and the table 7 shows that;
9. And (3) storage: after threshing, when the moisture of seeds is reduced to 12%, the seeds are placed into a dry refrigerating room for storage; the obtained seed is the genetic relatively homozygous seed of the Cannabis sativa.
Table 7: yield of Cannabis sativa Qiu Fanhuo hemp seeds
The indexes such as the germination rate of kernels in examples 1 to 7 were counted, and the counted results are shown in Table 8 below.
TABLE 8
As can be seen from the planting conditions in the embodiment, the method for keeping the hermaphrodite population homozygosity of the marijuana purposefully keeps the excellent properties of the original male and female plants, and eliminates the inferior plants separated by the long-term cross pollination of the different plants of the varieties; the technology comprises the steps of selecting plants in a seedling stage and a vegetative growth stage, selecting male and female plants in a reproductive growth stage, naturally pollinating and setting the selected male and female populations, and obtaining hemp seeds which are relatively homozygous seeds of a genetic population; the technology relates to a selection index of a special purple hypocotyl in a seedling stage, a candidate selection index of a purple stem or a purple petiole in a vegetative growth stage or both, and a typical agronomic character selection index in a reproductive growth stage; the seedling stage and the vegetative stage utilize the dominant purple and recessive green genetic markers of hypocotyls to complete the selection of the group prophase consistency, thereby effectively reducing the occupation of the obsolete plants on resources such as fertilizer, growth space and the like; the female plants and the male plants are selected in the reproductive period, so that the purity and quality of seeds are effectively ensured; the technical method is simple and feasible, low in cost and quick in effect, not only effectively prevents the rapid degradation of the variety, but also effectively prolongs the service life of the variety; the improved seed of the palma cannabis is pretreated before sowing, disinfection is carried out firstly, the occurrence of diseases of the seedlings can be prevented, the survival rate of the seedlings is higher, then the seed kernels are soaked in pretreatment liquid, and the germination rate of the seed kernels is improved by more than 2 percent under the multiple actions of boric acid, sodium alginate, calcium chloride, carboxymethyl chitosan, vitamin B12 and other components; after sowing, drip irrigation is carried out every day to assist the color development auxiliary growth solution of the color development of the hypocotyl of the palmar cannabis sativa, and sodium alginate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and other components provide more sufficient nutrients for the palmar cannabis sativa, gibberellin is added to promote the growth of root systems and rhizomes of the palmar cannabis sativa, and simultaneously promote the color development of the hypocotyl of the palmar cannabis sativa, assist in screening out purple or light purple plants of the hypocotyl, and further ensure the purity and quality of seeds; the illumination radiation treatment is additionally carried out at night during the drip irrigation and color development auxiliary growth solution, so that the plants with purple or light purple hypocotyls are further screened out in an auxiliary manner, and the purity and quality of the seeds are further ensured.
While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A method of maintaining homozygosity in a population of hermaphroditic strains of band maritime, comprising the steps of:
(1) Selecting a seed breeding field: selecting a land block without cannabis plant in mountain-isolated mountain depression or 5km nearby as a seed reproduction field block;
(2) Seed reproduction: sowing improved seeds of the palma cannabis in autumn;
(3) And (3) seedling stage selection: when the first pair of true leaves of the cannabis sativa seedlings are unfolded after the first pair of true leaves of the cannabis sativa seedlings are developed, observing the color of hypocotyls of the cannabis sativa seedlings, eliminating plants with purple or light purple hypocotyls, and leaving the plants with green hypocotyls;
(4) Candidate selection of vegetative growth phase: the purple stems and the purple petioles in the vegetative growth period are used as candidate selection indexes, and plants with the purple stems or the purple petioles or both are continuously eliminated;
(5) Purifying female and male strains in the population:
5.1 Purification of the androstane population: (1) selecting male plant groups with consistent agronomic characters such as leaf color, stem color, petiole color, male flower sepal surface handfeel, anther color, pollen color and the like, wherein the plant heights of the male plant groups are relatively consistent, thick and strong, and the branches are more; (2) controlling the number of male plants to be 4-6% of the number of groups; (3) tian Jianxiong plants are distributed on the planting field according to 5 points around and in the middle; (4) selecting a male plant population with relatively concentrated flowering and bud time as a pollination population;
5.2 Purification of the female population: (1) selecting female plant groups with consistent agronomic characters such as leaf color, stem color, petiole color, female color, stigma color and the like, wherein the female plant groups are relatively consistent in plant height, thick and strong and have more branches; (2) selecting female plant groups with relatively concentrated flowering and bud setting time as seed reproduction groups;
(6) Purifying and breeding: leaving the male and female plants selected in the step (5) in a seed reproduction field, and naturally crossing, pollinating and setting the seed reproduction field;
(7) Harvesting and storing: selecting female plants with consistent maturity and consistent main agronomic characters for mixed harvesting; threshing, and drying the seeds until the moisture content is below 12%, thus obtaining the genetic relatively homozygous seed of the cannabis sativa; and drying and refrigerating the genetically relatively homozygous seed of the palmar cannabis.
2. The method for keeping the hermaphrodite population of the bajia hemp according to claim 1, wherein after the seed field is selected in the step (1), soil preparation is carried out, and 600-800 kg of decomposed pig manure and 40-50 kg of compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are applied per mu as base fertilizers.
3. The method for keeping the hermaphroditic population of the baenaria, according to claim 1, wherein the step (2) is characterized in that the improved seed of the baenaria is pretreated before sowing, and the pretreatment method is as follows: 1) Soaking the selected fine seed of the disease-free and complete particle of the Pamama cannabis in a 50% aqueous solution of the wettable powder of the carbendazim with the concentration of 0.25%, filtering, and air-drying to obtain sterilized seed; 2) The sterilized seeds are put into pretreatment liquid for soaking the seeds for 1.2 to 1.5 hours, and the pretreatment liquid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: boric acid 0.5-0.8%; sodium alginate 0.3-0.5%; 3% -5% of calcium chloride; 4% -6% of carboxymethyl chitosan; vitamin B12 is 0.02% -0.03%; the balance being water.
4. The method for keeping the hermaphroditic population of the baenaria, according to claim 1, wherein after sowing in the step (2), the color development auxiliary growth solution for assisting the color development of hypocotyls of the baenaria is dripped daily, and the color development auxiliary growth solution consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 parts of water, 30-35 parts of sodium alginate, 20-25 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 25-30 parts of urea, 0.25-0.3 part of gibberellin and 4-6 parts of ethanol.
5. The method for keeping a population of hermaphrodite strains of band maritime as claimed in claim 4, wherein the chromogenic auxiliary growth solution is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 parts of water, 32-35 parts of sodium alginate, 23-25 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 27-30 parts of urea, 0.28-0.3 part of gibberellin and 5-6 parts of ethanol.
6. The method for keeping the hermaphroditic population of the bajia cannabis according to claim 4, wherein the daily drip irrigation amount of the chromogenic auxiliary growth solution is 30-40 kg/mu, and the drip irrigation method is as follows: diluting with water, and drip irrigation; drip irrigation time: the drip irrigation is finished from the beginning of sowing to the time when the first pair of true leaves are unfolded after the seedlings of the palma hemp are emerged.
7. The method for keeping a population of hermaphroditic strains of band maritime according to claim 4, wherein the seed field is irradiated with a light source having a wavelength of 450 to 500nm and an illumination intensity of 1000 to 1500Lx at night for 3 to 5 hours per day during the drip irrigation of the color development auxiliary growth solution.
8. The method for keeping a population of hermaphroditic strains of band marijuana homozygous for claim 1, wherein said step (5) occurs in the male plant in 10 ten days in the middle of the month, and the female plant occurs in the female plant 7 days after the male plant occurs in the bud, and the male and female plants are distinguished by the bud time.
9. A method for maintaining homozygosity of a population of hermaphroditic strains of cannabis sativa according to claim 1, wherein the number of male strains in step 5.1) is controlled to be 5% of the number of the population.
10. A method for maintaining homozygosity of a population of hermaphroditic variants of palmar maritime according to claim 1, wherein the storage temperature of palmar maritime seeds in step (7) is between 6 and 12 ℃.
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