CN116695033A - Aluminum alloy bicycle die casting heat treatment device and heat treatment method - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy bicycle die casting heat treatment device and heat treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116695033A CN116695033A CN202310576711.2A CN202310576711A CN116695033A CN 116695033 A CN116695033 A CN 116695033A CN 202310576711 A CN202310576711 A CN 202310576711A CN 116695033 A CN116695033 A CN 116695033A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种铝合金自行车压铸件热处理装置，包括：固溶炉、冷却装置、时效炉和运输架，运输架包括底部边框、承托框架和支撑杆，运输架用于放置铝合金压铸件以及在固溶炉、冷却装置、时效炉之间运输铝合金压铸件，承托框架包括侧边框、中心边框、连杆和定位座，连杆一端可转动的安装在侧边框上、相对的另一端可转动的安装在中心边框上。本发明还公开了一种铝合金自行车压铸件的热处理方法。本发明相较于现有技术，有效提高铝合金自行车压铸件在热处理时的升温速度、降温速度，同时提高多个铝合金压铸件在升\降温时速度的一致性，从而有效提高铝合金压铸件的机械加工性能，提高热处理效果。
The invention discloses a heat treatment device for aluminum alloy bicycle die-casting parts, comprising: a solid solution furnace, a cooling device, an aging furnace and a transport frame, the transport frame includes a bottom frame, a supporting frame and a support rod, and the transport frame is used for placing the aluminum alloy die-casting parts and transport aluminum alloy die-casting parts between solid solution furnaces, cooling devices and aging furnaces. The supporting frame includes side frames, central frames, connecting rods and positioning seats. The other end is rotatably installed on the central frame. The invention also discloses a heat treatment method for the aluminum alloy bicycle die casting. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can effectively improve the heating speed and cooling speed of aluminum alloy bicycle die-casting parts during heat treatment, and at the same time improve the consistency of the speed of multiple aluminum alloy die-casting parts during heating and cooling, thereby effectively improving the temperature of aluminum alloy die-casting parts. Improve the machining performance of parts and improve the effect of heat treatment.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及自行车压铸零件制造技术领域，尤其涉及一种铝合金自行车压铸件热处理装置及热处理方法。The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing bicycle die-casting parts, in particular to a heat treatment device and a heat treatment method for aluminum alloy bicycle die-casting parts.
背景技术Background technique
压铸件是一种压力铸造的零件，是使用装好铸件模具的压力铸造机械压铸机，将加热为液态的铜、锌、铝或铝合金等金属浇入压铸机的入料口，经压铸机压铸，铸造出模具限制的形状和尺寸的铜、锌、铝零件或铝合金零件。Die-casting is a kind of pressure-casting part. It uses a pressure-casting mechanical die-casting machine equipped with a casting mold to pour liquid copper, zinc, aluminum or aluminum alloy into the feed port of the die-casting machine, and passes through the die-casting machine. Die casting, casting copper, zinc, aluminum parts or aluminum alloy parts of the shape and size limited by the mold.
铝合金铸件的热处理一般分为二个阶段：固溶处理(淬火)和时效处理。固溶处理是指将铝合金铸件加热到一定的温度恒温保持一段时间，使过剩相充分溶解到固溶体中后快速冷却，以得到过饱和固溶体，提高力学性能，增强耐腐蚀性能的热处理工艺。时效处理是采用较高的时效温度和较长的保温时间，获得最大的硬度和最高的抗拉强度，达到尺寸的稳定性。The heat treatment of aluminum alloy castings is generally divided into two stages: solution treatment (quenching) and aging treatment. Solution treatment refers to heating the aluminum alloy casting to a certain temperature and keeping it at a constant temperature for a period of time, so that the excess phase is fully dissolved into the solid solution and then cooled rapidly to obtain a supersaturated solid solution, improve mechanical properties, and enhance corrosion resistance. Heat treatment process. Aging treatment adopts higher aging temperature and longer holding time to obtain maximum hardness and highest tensile strength and achieve dimensional stability.
现有铝合金压铸件的热处理工艺中，只是通过调整固溶处理、时效处理的温度、保温时间，来实现铝合金压铸件的热处理效果调整，铝合金压铸件的热处理效果不佳。In the existing heat treatment process of aluminum alloy die castings, the heat treatment effect of aluminum alloy die castings is adjusted only by adjusting the temperature and holding time of solution treatment and aging treatment, but the heat treatment effect of aluminum alloy die castings is not good.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于：提供一种铝合金自行车压铸件热处理装置及热处理方法，有效提高铝合金自行车压铸件在热处理时的升温速度、降温速度，同时提高多个铝合金压铸件在升\降温时速度的一致性，从而有效提高铝合金压铸件的机械加工性能，提高热处理效果。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat treatment device and heat treatment method for aluminum alloy bicycle die castings, which can effectively improve the heating and cooling speeds of aluminum alloy bicycle die castings during heat treatment, and at the same time increase the temperature rise/fall of multiple aluminum alloy die castings. The consistency of the speed can effectively improve the machining performance of aluminum alloy die castings and improve the heat treatment effect.
为了实现上述目的，一方面，本发明公开了一种铝合金自行车压铸件热处理装置，包括In order to achieve the above object, on the one hand, the present invention discloses a heat treatment device for aluminum alloy bicycle die castings, comprising
固溶炉，其用于对铝合金压铸件进行固溶处理；A solid solution furnace, which is used for solid solution treatment of aluminum alloy die castings;
冷却装置，其用于对固溶处理后的铝合金压铸件进行快速冷却，实现铝合金压铸件的淬火；A cooling device, which is used to rapidly cool the aluminum alloy die casting after solution treatment, so as to realize the quenching of the aluminum alloy die casting;
时效炉，其用于对淬火后的铝合金压铸件进行人工时效处理；Aging furnace, which is used for artificial aging treatment of quenched aluminum alloy die-casting parts;
运输架，其包括底部边框、承托框架和支撑杆，运输架用于放置铝合金压铸件以及在固溶炉、冷却装置、时效炉之间运输铝合金压铸件，底部边框上设置有平行布置的两根限位杆，底部边框一侧设置有挡板，挡板垂直于底部边框，运输架包括若干个平行布置的承托框架，承托框架包括侧边框、中心边框、连杆和定位座，中心边框两侧设置有对称布置的侧边框，侧边框通过连杆连接中心边框，连杆一端可转动的安装在侧边框上、相对的另一端可转动的安装在中心边框上，中心边框穿设于挡板，支撑杆穿设于承托框架，侧边框固定安装在支撑杆上，支撑杆底部滑动连接在限位杆上，定位座设置在连杆上。The transport frame includes a bottom frame, a supporting frame and a support rod. The transport frame is used for placing aluminum alloy die-casting parts and transporting aluminum alloy die-casting parts between solid solution furnaces, cooling devices, and aging furnaces. The bottom frame is provided with parallel arrangements Two limit rods, one side of the bottom frame is provided with a baffle, and the baffle is perpendicular to the bottom frame, the transport frame includes several supporting frames arranged in parallel, and the supporting frame includes side frames, central frames, connecting rods and positioning seats , There are symmetrically arranged side frames on both sides of the center frame, and the side frames are connected to the center frame through a connecting rod. One end of the connecting rod is rotatably mounted on the side frame, and the opposite end is rotatably mounted on the center frame. It is arranged on the baffle, the support rod is passed through the supporting frame, the side frame is fixedly installed on the support rod, the bottom of the support rod is slidably connected to the limit rod, and the positioning seat is arranged on the connecting rod.
作为上述技术方案的进一步描述：As a further description of the above technical solution:
定位座可转动的安装在连杆上。The positioning seat is rotatably installed on the connecting rod.
作为上述技术方案的进一步描述：As a further description of the above technical solution:
中心边框一端连接锁定块，锁定块通过螺纹杆连接中心边框。One end of the central frame is connected with a locking block, and the locking block is connected with the central frame through a threaded rod.
作为上述技术方案的进一步描述：As a further description of the above technical solution:
锁定块上设置有把手。A handle is arranged on the locking block.
另一方面，本发明还公开了一种基于上述铝合金自行车压铸件热处理装置的热处理方法，包括以下步骤：On the other hand, the present invention also discloses a heat treatment method based on the above-mentioned aluminum alloy bicycle die-casting heat treatment device, which includes the following steps:
S1、将铝合金压铸件放置在运输架上，通过运输架将铝合金压铸件送入固溶炉内进行固溶处理；S1. Place the aluminum alloy die-casting parts on the transport rack, and send the aluminum alloy die-casting parts into the solution furnace through the transport rack for solution treatment;
S2、在固溶炉内撑开运输架的承托框架，铝合金压铸件进行固溶处理时，加热至低于压铸件合金固相线熔化温度30-120℃的范围内，保温时间为最大截面厚度tmm×3.0～10.0min/mm;S2. Stretch the supporting frame of the transport frame in the solid solution furnace, and when the aluminum alloy die casting is subjected to solution treatment, heat it to a range of 30-120°C lower than the melting temperature of the alloy solidus line of the die casting, and the holding time is the maximum Section thickness tmm×3.0～10.0min/mm;
S3、固溶处理完成后，将运输架推出固溶炉，将运输架上的承托框架调整为收缩状态后，推动至冷却装置内进行淬火；S3. After the solid solution treatment is completed, push the transport rack out of the solid solution furnace, adjust the supporting frame on the transport rack to a contracted state, and push it into the cooling device for quenching;
S4、在冷却装置内撑开运输架的承托框架，铝合金压铸件在冷却装置内通过喷淋冷却介质的方式快速冷却，实现淬火；S4. Stretch the supporting frame of the transport frame in the cooling device, and the aluminum alloy die-casting parts are rapidly cooled by spraying cooling medium in the cooling device to realize quenching;
S5、淬火完成后，将运输架推出冷却装置，将运输架上的承托框架调整为收缩状态后，推动至时效炉进行时效处理；S5. After the quenching is completed, push the transport frame out of the cooling device, adjust the supporting frame on the transport frame to a contracted state, and then push it to the aging furnace for aging treatment;
S6、在时效炉内撑开运输架的承托框架，铝合金压铸件在时效炉内进行时效处理；S6. Stretch the supporting frame of the transport frame in the aging furnace, and perform aging treatment on the aluminum alloy die-casting parts in the aging furnace;
S7、时效处理处完成，取出运输架，铝合金压铸件热处理工艺完成。S7, the aging treatment is completed, the transport frame is taken out, and the heat treatment process of the aluminum alloy die casting is completed.
作为上述技术方案的进一步描述：As a further description of the above technical solution:
在步骤S4中，铝合金压铸件在通过喷淋冷却介质的方式冷却后，在冷却装置内通过风刀进行干燥。In step S4, after the aluminum alloy die casting is cooled by spraying a cooling medium, it is dried by an air knife in a cooling device.
作为上述技术方案的进一步描述：As a further description of the above technical solution:
在步骤S6中，铝合金压铸件在时效炉内进行时效处理时，先进行多次短时人工时效，每次短时人工时效结束后出炉空冷，最后一次短时人工时效结束后，进行长时人工时效。In step S6, when the aluminum alloy die casting is subjected to aging treatment in the aging furnace, short-term artificial aging is performed first, and each time the short-term artificial aging is finished, it is taken out of the furnace and air-cooled. Artificial aging.
综上所述，由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明的有益效果是：In summary, owing to adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1、本发明中，运输架在将铝合金压铸件输送至固溶炉、冷却装置、时效炉的内部时，推动中心边框，通过连杆带动侧边框沿限位杆水平移动，实现承托框架的撑开，进而使得定位座上的铝合金压铸件的间距增大，铝合金压铸件无论是在固溶炉、时效炉内部加热，还是在冷却装置内冷却，都可使每一个铝合金压铸件更充分的与加热或冷却介质接触，有效提高铝合金压铸件的升温速度、降温速度，以及提高多个铝合金压铸件在升\降温时速度的一致性，从而有效提高铝合金压铸件的机械加工性能，提高热处理效果。1. In the present invention, when the transport frame transports the aluminum alloy die-casting parts to the interior of the solid solution furnace, cooling device, and aging furnace, it pushes the center frame, and drives the side frame to move horizontally along the limit rod through the connecting rod, so as to realize the supporting frame The distance between the aluminum alloy die-casting parts on the positioning seat is increased, whether the aluminum alloy die-casting parts are heated in the solid solution furnace, aging furnace, or cooled in the cooling device, each aluminum alloy die-casting The parts are more fully in contact with the heating or cooling medium, effectively improving the heating speed and cooling speed of aluminum alloy die castings, and improving the consistency of the speed of multiple aluminum alloy die castings during heating and cooling, thereby effectively improving the aluminum alloy die castings. Machinability, improve heat treatment effect.
2、本发明中，铝合金压铸件在进行加热和冷却时，承托框架处于撑开状态，使得铝合金压铸件分散开，以便于更好的与加热\冷却介质接触，提高铝合金压铸件的升温速度、降温速度。此时，运输架上铝合金压铸件的间距较大，且分布于运输架边缘，导致运输架重心不稳，移动过程中运输架容易倾倒，铝合金压铸件容易接触外部物体，导致碰撞掉落，造成损伤。因此，铝合金压铸件运输过程中，可以反向拉动中心边框，使得承托框架进行收缩，控制两个定位座的距离靠近，使得运输架上的铝合金压铸件收缩靠近，且分布于运输架中心位置，运输架不易倾倒，且可以有效利用运输架的底部边框，保护铝合金压铸件远离外部物体，避免铝合金压铸件出现碰撞损伤。2. In the present invention, when the aluminum alloy die casting is heated and cooled, the supporting frame is in a stretched state, so that the aluminum alloy die casting is dispersed, so as to better contact with the heating/cooling medium and improve the performance of the aluminum alloy die casting. The heating rate and cooling rate. At this time, the distance between the aluminum alloy die-casting parts on the transport rack is relatively large, and they are distributed on the edge of the transport rack, resulting in an unstable center of gravity of the transport rack. During the movement, the transport rack is easy to tip over, and the aluminum alloy die-casting parts are easy to contact external objects, resulting in collision and falling. , causing damage. Therefore, during the transportation of aluminum alloy die-casting parts, the center frame can be pulled in the opposite direction, so that the supporting frame can shrink, and the distance between the two positioning seats can be controlled to make the aluminum alloy die-casting parts on the transport rack shrink closer and distributed on the transport rack In the center position, the transport rack is not easy to tip over, and the bottom frame of the transport rack can be effectively used to protect the aluminum alloy die-casting parts from external objects and avoid collision damage to the aluminum alloy die-casting parts.
3、本发明中，承托框架由收缩状态转化为撑开状态时，连杆由倾斜状态转化为垂直于中心边框的状态，连杆减少了对定位座底部若干条平行布置的通孔的遮挡，使得定位座上的铝合金压铸件可以更好的与加热\冷却介质接触，有效提高铝合金压铸件的升温速度、降温速度。3. In the present invention, when the supporting frame is transformed from a contracted state to a stretched state, the connecting rod is transformed from an inclined state to a state perpendicular to the central frame, and the connecting rod reduces the shielding of several through holes arranged in parallel at the bottom of the positioning seat , so that the aluminum alloy die-casting on the positioning seat can better contact with the heating/cooling medium, effectively improving the heating and cooling speed of the aluminum alloy die-casting.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and thus It should be regarded as a limitation on the scope, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on these drawings without creative work.
图1为一种铝合金自行车压铸件热处理装置中运输架的侧视角度结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a transport frame in a side view angle of a heat treatment device for aluminum alloy bicycle die castings.
图2为一种铝合金自行车压铸件热处理装置中运输架的俯视角度结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a transport frame in a heat treatment device for aluminum alloy bicycle die castings from a top view angle.
图3为一种铝合金自行车压铸件热处理装置中运输架的状态变化示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of state changes of a transport frame in a heat treatment device for aluminum alloy bicycle die castings.
图例说明：illustration:
1、运输架；11、底部边框；111、限位杆；12、承托框架；121、侧边框；122、中心边框；123、连杆；124、定位座；13、支撑杆；14、挡板；15、锁定块；151、螺纹杆；152、把手。1. Transport frame; 11. Bottom frame; 111. Limit rod; 12. Supporting frame; 121. Side frame; 122. Center frame; 123. Connecting rod; 124. Positioning seat; 13. Support rod; 14. Block Plate; 15, locking block; 151, threaded rod; 152, handle.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本发明实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations.
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围，而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
请参阅图1-3，一方面，本发明公开了一种铝合金自行车压铸件热处理装置，包括Please refer to Figures 1-3, on the one hand, the present invention discloses a heat treatment device for aluminum alloy bicycle die castings, including
固溶炉，其用于对铝合金压铸件进行固溶处理；A solid solution furnace, which is used for solid solution treatment of aluminum alloy die castings;
冷却装置，其用于对固溶处理后的铝合金压铸件进行快速冷却，实现铝合金压铸件的淬火；A cooling device, which is used to rapidly cool the aluminum alloy die casting after solution treatment, so as to realize the quenching of the aluminum alloy die casting;
时效炉，其用于对淬火后的铝合金压铸件进行人工时效处理；Aging furnace, which is used for artificial aging treatment of quenched aluminum alloy die-casting parts;
运输架1，其包括底部边框11、承托框架12和支撑杆13，运输架1用于放置铝合金压铸件以及在固溶炉、冷却装置、时效炉之间运输铝合金压铸件，底部边框11上设置有平行布置的两根限位杆111，底部边框11一侧设置有挡板14，挡板14垂直于底部边框11，运输架1包括若干个平行布置的承托框架12，承托框架12包括侧边框121、中心边框122、连杆123和定位座124，中心边框122两侧设置有对称布置的侧边框121，侧边框121通过连杆123连接中心边框122，连杆123一端可转动的安装在侧边框121上、相对的另一端可转动的安装在中心边框122上，中心边框122穿设于挡板14，支撑杆13穿设于承托框架12，侧边框121固定安装在支撑杆13上，支撑杆13底部滑动连接在限位杆111上，定位座124设置在连杆123上。Transport frame 1, which includes a bottom frame 11, a supporting frame 12 and a support rod 13, the transport frame 1 is used to place aluminum alloy die castings and transport aluminum alloy die castings between solid solution furnaces, cooling devices, and aging furnaces, the bottom frame 11 is provided with two limit rods 111 arranged in parallel, and a baffle plate 14 is arranged on one side of the bottom frame 11, and the baffle plate 14 is perpendicular to the bottom frame 11, and the transport frame 1 includes several supporting frames 12 arranged in parallel, supporting Frame 12 comprises side frame 121, center frame 122, connecting rod 123 and positioning seat 124, and center frame 122 both sides are provided with the side frame 121 of symmetrical arrangement, and side frame 121 connects central frame 122 by connecting rod 123, and one end of connecting rod 123 can The rotating one is installed on the side frame 121, and the opposite end is rotatably mounted on the central frame 122. The central frame 122 is penetrated on the baffle plate 14, the support rod 13 is penetrated on the supporting frame 12, and the side frame 121 is fixedly installed on the On the support rod 13 , the bottom of the support rod 13 is slidably connected to the limit rod 111 , and the positioning seat 124 is arranged on the connecting rod 123 .
定位座124可转动的安装在连杆123上，减少承托框架12撑开的过程中，定位座124上铝合金压铸件的惯性，避免铝合金压铸件脱离定位座124。The positioning seat 124 is rotatably installed on the connecting rod 123 , so as to reduce the inertia of the aluminum alloy die-casting on the positioning seat 124 during the stretching process of the supporting frame 12 , and prevent the aluminum alloy die-casting from breaking away from the positioning seat 124 .
中心边框122一端连接锁定块15，锁定块15通过螺纹杆151连接中心边框122，锁定块15的设置，可以通过转动过螺纹杆151，调整承托框架12完全撑开时，锁定块15与挡板14之间的距离，从而控制承托框架12的撑开角度，以及便于控制承托框架12撑开到位。One end of the central frame 122 is connected to the locking block 15, and the locking block 15 is connected to the central frame 122 by a threaded rod 151. The setting of the locking block 15 can be adjusted by rotating the threaded rod 151. The distance between the boards 14 controls the opening angle of the supporting frame 12 and facilitates the control of the supporting frame 12 being opened in place.
锁定块15上设置有把手152，便于推动锁定块15。A handle 152 is disposed on the locking block 15 to facilitate pushing the locking block 15 .
另一方面，本发明还公开了一种基于上述铝合金自行车压铸件热处理装置的热处理方法，包括以下步骤：On the other hand, the present invention also discloses a heat treatment method based on the above-mentioned aluminum alloy bicycle die-casting heat treatment device, which includes the following steps:
S1、将铝合金压铸件放置在运输架1上，通过运输架1将铝合金压铸件送入固溶炉内进行固溶处理；S1. Place the aluminum alloy die-casting parts on the transport frame 1, and send the aluminum alloy die-cast parts into the solution furnace through the transport frame 1 for solution treatment;
S2、在固溶炉内撑开运输架1的承托框架12，撑开状态参见附图2，铝合金压铸件进行固溶处理时，加热至低于压铸件合金固相线熔化温度30-120℃的范围内，保温时间为最大截面厚度tmm×3.0～10.0m i n/mm；S2. Stretch the supporting frame 12 of the transport frame 1 in the solid solution furnace. Refer to the accompanying drawing 2 for the stretched state. When the aluminum alloy die casting is subjected to solution treatment, it is heated to 30-30- Within the range of 120°C, the holding time is the maximum section thickness tmm×3.0～10.0m i n/mm;
S3、固溶处理完成后，将运输架1推出固溶炉，将运输架1上的承托框架12调整为收缩状态后，收缩状态参见附图3，推动至冷却装置内进行淬火；S3. After the solid solution treatment is completed, the transport rack 1 is pushed out of the solid solution furnace, and the support frame 12 on the transport rack 1 is adjusted to a contracted state. See the accompanying drawing 3 for the contracted state, and push it into the cooling device for quenching;
S4、在冷却装置内撑开运输架1的承托框架12，铝合金压铸件在冷却装置内通过喷淋冷却介质的方式快速冷却，实现淬火；S4. Stretch the supporting frame 12 of the transport frame 1 in the cooling device, and the aluminum alloy die-casting is rapidly cooled by spraying a cooling medium in the cooling device to realize quenching;
S5、淬火完成后，将运输架1推出冷却装置，将运输架1上的承托框架12调整为收缩状态后，推动至时效炉进行时效处理；S5. After the quenching is completed, push the transport frame 1 out of the cooling device, adjust the support frame 12 on the transport frame 1 to a contracted state, and push it to the aging furnace for aging treatment;
S6、在时效炉内撑开运输架1的承托框架12，铝合金压铸件在时效炉内进行时效处理；S6. Stretch the supporting frame 12 of the transport frame 1 in the aging furnace, and perform aging treatment on the aluminum alloy die-casting parts in the aging furnace;
S7、时效处理处完成，取出运输架1，铝合金压铸件热处理工艺完成。S7, the aging treatment is completed, the transport frame 1 is taken out, and the heat treatment process of the aluminum alloy die casting is completed.
在步骤S4中，铝合金压铸件在通过喷淋冷却介质的方式冷却后，在冷却装置内通过风刀进行干燥，以去除铝合金压铸件表面因淬火而残留的冷却介质，烘干铝合金压铸件表面。In step S4, after the aluminum alloy die casting is cooled by spraying the cooling medium, it is dried by an air knife in the cooling device to remove the cooling medium remaining on the surface of the aluminum alloy die casting due to quenching, and the aluminum alloy die casting is dried piece surface.
在步骤S6中，铝合金压铸件在时效炉内进行时效处理时，先进行多次短时人工时效，短时人工时效加热至120℃～160℃，加热速度≥20℃/m i n，保温时间≤60分钟，每次短时人工时效结束后出炉空冷，最后一次短时人工时效结束后，进行长时人工时效，长时人工时效加热至140℃-220℃，保温时间6-26h。在铝合金压铸件进行时效处理时，先进行至少5次短时间的人工时效(即短时人工时效)，之后再进行时人工时效。每一次的短时人工时效过程中，保证升温阶段的加热速率，以获取与淬火过程相反的温度场，进而产生与淬火态相反的应力场，通过该应力场抵消原有的残余应力，有效降低铝合金压铸件淬火的残余应力，提高铝合金压铸件的机械加工性能进一步提高热处理效果。In step S6, when the aluminum alloy die casting is subjected to aging treatment in the aging furnace, it is first subjected to multiple short-term artificial aging, and the short-term artificial aging is heated to 120°C-160°C, the heating rate is ≥20°C/min, and the holding time is ≤ 60 minutes, after each short-time artificial aging, take out the furnace and air-cool, after the last short-time artificial aging, carry out long-term artificial aging, heat to 140°C-220°C for long-term artificial aging, and hold for 6-26h. When aluminum alloy die castings are subjected to aging treatment, at least 5 short-time artificial aging (that is, short-term artificial aging) are performed first, and then artificial aging is performed. In each short-term artificial aging process, the heating rate in the heating stage is guaranteed to obtain a temperature field opposite to the quenching process, thereby generating a stress field opposite to the quenched state, through which the original residual stress is offset, effectively reducing The residual stress of aluminum alloy die castings after quenching can improve the machinability of aluminum alloy die castings and further improve the heat treatment effect.
工作原理：在铝合金压铸件进行热处理时，将铝合金压铸件放置于运输架1每一层承托框架12的定位座124上，通过运输架1在固溶炉、冷却装置、时效炉之间运输铝合金压铸件。运输架1在将铝合金压铸件输送至固溶炉、冷却装置、时效炉的内部时，推动中心边框122，通过连杆123带动侧边框121沿限位杆111水平移动，侧边框121具体通过支撑杆13在限位杆111上的滑动实现移动，实现承托框架12的撑开，进而使得定位座124上的铝合金压铸件的间距增大，铝合金压铸件无论是在固溶炉、时效炉内部加热，还是在冷却装置内冷却，都可使每一个铝合金压铸件更充分的与加热或冷却介质接触，有效提高铝合金压铸件的升温速度、降温速度，以及提高多个铝合金压铸件在升\降温时速度的一致性，从而有效提高铝合金压铸件的机械加工性能，提高热处理效果。承托框架由收缩状态转化为撑开状态时，连杆123由倾斜状态转化为垂直于中心边框122的状态，参见附图2可知，连杆123减少了对定位座124底部若干条平行布置的通孔的遮挡，使得定位座124上的铝合金压铸件可以更好的与加热\冷却介质接触，有效提高铝合金压铸件的升温速度、降温速度。Working principle: When the aluminum alloy die-casting is heat treated, the aluminum alloy die-casting is placed on the positioning seat 124 of the support frame 12 of each layer of the transport frame 1, and the transport frame 1 is placed between the solid solution furnace, the cooling device, and the aging furnace. Transportation of aluminum alloy die castings. When transporting the aluminum alloy die-casting parts to the solid solution furnace, cooling device, and aging furnace, the transport frame 1 pushes the central frame 122, drives the side frame 121 to move horizontally along the limit rod 111 through the connecting rod 123, and the side frame 121 specifically passes through the The sliding of the support rod 13 on the limit rod 111 realizes the movement, realizes the expansion of the supporting frame 12, and then increases the distance between the aluminum alloy die-casting parts on the positioning seat 124, whether the aluminum alloy die-casting parts are in the solid solution furnace, Heating inside the aging furnace or cooling in the cooling device can make each aluminum alloy die-casting more fully contact with the heating or cooling medium, effectively improve the heating speed and cooling speed of aluminum alloy die-castings, and improve the temperature of multiple aluminum alloy die-castings. The speed consistency of die castings during heating and cooling can effectively improve the machining performance of aluminum alloy die castings and improve the heat treatment effect. When the supporting frame is transformed from a contracted state to a stretched state, the connecting rod 123 is transformed from an inclined state to a state perpendicular to the central frame 122. Referring to accompanying drawing 2, it can be seen that the connecting rod 123 reduces the number of parallel arrangements on the bottom of the positioning seat 124. The shielding of the through hole enables the aluminum alloy die casting on the positioning seat 124 to better contact with the heating/cooling medium, effectively increasing the heating and cooling speed of the aluminum alloy die casting.
铝合金压铸件在进行加热和冷却时，承托框架12处于撑开状态，使得铝合金压铸件分散开，以便于更好的与加热\冷却介质接触，提高铝合金压铸件的升温速度、降温速度。此时，运输架1上铝合金压铸件的间距较大，且分布于运输架1边缘，导致运输架1重心不稳，移动过程中运输架1容易倾倒，铝合金压铸件容易接触外部物体，导致碰撞掉落，造成损伤。因此，铝合金压铸件运输过程中，可以反向拉动中心边框，使得承托框架12进行收缩，控制两个定位座124的距离靠近，使得运输架1上的铝合金压铸件收缩靠近，且分布于运输架1中心位置，运输架1不易倾倒，且可以有效利用运输架1的底部边框，保护铝合金压铸件远离外部物体，避免铝合金压铸件出现碰撞损伤。When the aluminum alloy die-casting is heated and cooled, the support frame 12 is in a stretched state, so that the aluminum alloy die-casting is dispersed, so as to better contact with the heating/cooling medium, and improve the heating speed and cooling of the aluminum alloy die-casting speed. At this time, the distance between the aluminum alloy die-casting parts on the transport frame 1 is relatively large, and they are distributed on the edge of the transport frame 1, which causes the center of gravity of the transport frame 1 to be unstable. During the movement, the transport frame 1 is easy to topple over, and the aluminum alloy die-casting parts are easy to contact external objects. cause a collision and fall, resulting in injury. Therefore, during the transportation of aluminum alloy die castings, the central frame can be pulled in the opposite direction, so that the supporting frame 12 can shrink, and the distance between the two positioning seats 124 can be controlled to make the aluminum alloy die castings on the transport frame 1 shrink and approach, and the distribution Located at the center of the transport frame 1, the transport frame 1 is not easy to tip over, and the bottom frame of the transport frame 1 can be effectively used to protect the aluminum alloy die-casting parts from external objects and avoid collision damage to the aluminum alloy die-casting parts.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any person familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention Any equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concepts thereof shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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