CN116689849B - A ball-nose end mill with a variable rake angle helicoidal surface - Google Patents
A ball-nose end mill with a variable rake angle helicoidal surfaceInfo
- Publication number
- CN116689849B CN116689849B CN202211298734.3A CN202211298734A CN116689849B CN 116689849 B CN116689849 B CN 116689849B CN 202211298734 A CN202211298734 A CN 202211298734A CN 116689849 B CN116689849 B CN 116689849B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ball
- rake
- cutting edge
- spiral
- end mill
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
- B23C5/10—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
- B23C5/1009—Ball nose end mills
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2210/00—Details of milling cutters
- B23C2210/40—Flutes, i.e. chip conveying grooves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2222/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of metals, alloys or metal matrices
- B23C2222/28—Details of hard metal, i.e. cemented carbide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2222/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of metals, alloys or metal matrices
- B23C2222/32—Details of high-speed steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2226/00—Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
- B23C2226/12—Boron nitride
- B23C2226/125—Boron nitride cubic [CBN]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2226/00—Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
- B23C2226/27—Composites, e.g. fibre reinforced composites
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Milling Processes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种变前角螺旋面的球头立铣刀，包括刀柄和设置在刀柄前端的切削部，所述切削部包括直线切削刃和球部曲线切削刃，所述球部曲线切削刃上具有螺旋前刀面和球部容削槽，所述螺旋前刀面自球头中心点向外延伸并呈渐变前角设置，所述螺旋前刀面与直线切削刃平滑过渡连接；所述球部容削槽为光滑的曲面。本申请提供的变前角螺旋面的球头立铣刀，既能够提高球头切削刃的强度，又能降低切削阻力；同时改善切削力的突变，提高切削表面质量，有效降低崩刃等失效风险。
The present invention provides a ball-end mill with a variable rake angle helical surface, comprising a shank and a cutting portion arranged at the front end of the shank, the cutting portion comprising a straight cutting edge and a spherical curved cutting edge, the spherical curved cutting edge having a spiral rake surface and a spherical cutting groove, the spiral rake surface extending outward from the center point of the ball head and being arranged at a gradually varying rake angle, the spiral rake surface smoothly transitioning to the straight cutting edge; the spherical cutting groove is a smooth curved surface. The ball-end mill with a variable rake angle helical surface provided in the present application can both improve the strength of the ball head cutting edge and reduce cutting resistance; at the same time, it can improve the sudden change of cutting force, improve the cutting surface quality, and effectively reduce the risk of failure such as chipping.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cutters, in particular to a processing cutter for cutting high-strength and high-toughness materials, and in particular relates to a ball end mill with a variable rake angle helicoid.
Background
An end mill is the most commonly used type of milling cutter on a numerically controlled machine, and has cutting blades on both the cylindrical surface and the end face of the end mill, which can cut simultaneously or individually. The method is mainly used for plane milling, groove milling, step surface milling and profiling milling. Ball nose end mills are one of them, and are commonly used cutting tools in machine manufacturing. Currently, in the field of metal cutting, a ball nose end mill is generally used for machining metal curved surfaces, grooves and the like. The high-efficiency machining mode is development and trend of cutting machining, the method of increasing cutting depth, increasing rotating speed of a cutting tool, increasing cutting edge number of the tool and the like is generally adopted for improving the machining efficiency of the tool, but in curved surface machining in the prior art, cutting resistance is very easy to occur under the machining working conditions of increasing cutting depth and increasing feeding, and the tool vibration condition causes the tool to collapse easily, so that the tool is accelerated to lose efficacy, and the problem of unsmooth chip removal is very easy to occur when the number of teeth of the tool is increased.
Under the working condition of high-speed and high-efficiency processing, the impact born by the cutter can be increased, higher requirements are also provided for the strength of the cutter, the common rake angle of the front cutter helicoid of the cutter ball head in the prior art is a fixed value, the bottom of the front cutter helicoid is an inclined straight line and is connected with a circumferential blade, and the cutter is extremely easy to generate cutting edge tipping under the working condition of high impact, so that the performance of the cutter is influenced, the service life is reduced, the processing cost is increased, and the quality of a processed workpiece is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art, and provides a ball nose end mill with a modified rake face.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
The utility model provides a ball end mill of change rake angle helicoid, includes handle of a knife and sets up the cutting part at the handle of a knife front end, the cutting part includes sharp cutting edge and ball head cutting edge, and ball head cutting edge extends to sharp cutting edge periphery from ball head central point, have spiral rake face and ball portion chip pocket on the ball head cutting edge, the rake angle of spiral rake face is the gradual change rake angle from ball head central point to sharp cutting edge.
Further, the rake angle of the spiral rake face gradually changes from +.gamma a to +.gamma 0 outwards from the center point of the ball head, wherein gamma 0 is the circumferential rake angle of the straight cutting edge, gamma a is the rake angle of the spiral rake face at the center of the ball head, and gamma a＜γ0.
Further, the rake angle of the spiral rake face gradually changes from the ball head center point to the linear cutting edge from the ratio gamma/2 to the ratio gamma, wherein the ratio gamma is the circumferential rake angle of the linear cutting edge.
Further, the spherical chip flute is a smooth curved surface, one side of the spherical chip flute is connected with the bottom of the spiral rake face, and the spherical chip flute is an inclined surface in the direction from the side close to the spiral rake face to the side far from the spiral rake face.
Further, the side projection of the junction of the ball chip flute and the helical rake face is a curve that flares smoothly outward from the center point of the ball head.
Further, the curve of the side projection of the joint of the spherical chip flute and the spiral rake face is an arc line or a spiral line.
Further, the curve of the side projection of the junction of the ball chip flute and the helical rake face is between 0.6R and 1.5R arc, where R is the radius of the ball forming the cutting edge of the ball head.
Further, the curvature radius R 0,0.75R≤R0 of the side projection curve at the joint of the spherical chip flute and the spiral rake face is less than or equal to 1.2R, wherein R is the spherical radius forming the cutting edge of the ball head.
Further, the cutting edges of the ball nose end mill with the varied rake angle helicoids form a 2-edge, 3-edge, 4-edge or 5-edge ball nose end mill. The knife handle and the cutting part are of an integral connection structure.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The ball end mill with the variable rake angle helicoid provided by the application can not only improve the strength of a ball cutting edge, but also reduce the cutting resistance, simultaneously improve the abrupt change of the cutting force, improve the quality of the cutting surface and effectively reduce the failure risks such as tipping and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates a side view of a ball nose end mill with a modified rake spiral in an embodiment;
FIG. 2 illustrates a second side view of a ball nose end mill with a modified rake spiral surface in accordance with an embodiment;
FIG. 3 illustrates a third side view of a ball nose end mill with a modified rake spiral surface in accordance with an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the rake angle of the ball nose cutting edge at the N-N section in FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a front view of a ball nose end mill with a modified rake spiral surface according to an embodiment;
fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a ball nose end mill with a modified rake spiral surface according to an embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the rake angle of the ball nose cutting edge at a in fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the rake angle of the ball nose cutting edge at B in fig. 5.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing the rake angle of the ball nose cutting edge at C in fig. 5.
Detailed Description
For further illustration of the various embodiments, the invention is provided with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate embodiments and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the embodiments. With reference to these matters, one of ordinary skill in the art will understand other possible embodiments and advantages of the present invention. The components in the figures are not drawn to scale and like reference numerals are generally used to designate like components.
The invention will now be further described with reference to the drawings and detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment provides a ball end mill with a modified rake face, which includes a shank 2 and a cutting portion 1 disposed at the front end of the shank 2, specifically, the shank 2 and the cutting portion 1 are integrally connected, i.e., directly processed on a bar, and more specifically, the bar is made of one or more materials selected from high-speed steel, cemented carbide, CBN and PCD.
Referring to fig. 1, 2,3 and 5, a cutting portion 2 of the milling cutter of the present invention includes a linear cutting edge 6 and a ball cutting edge 3, the ball cutting edge 3 has a spiral rake surface 4 and a ball chip pocket 5, the spiral rake surface 4 extends from a ball center point to the linear cutting edge and is disposed at a gradual change rake angle, the spiral rake surface 4 is in smooth transition connection with the linear cutting edge 6, and the ball chip pocket 5 is a smooth curved surface. The straight cutting edge 6 in the present invention is also called a circumferential edge, and the ball-end cutting edge 3 includes a spiral rake surface 4 and a first flank surface 7, a second flank surface 8, and a third flank surface 9 on the rear side, wherein one function of the third flank surface is to be relief. When the tool is used, the gradual change rake angle of the spiral rake face participates in cutting, and as the tool cutting is rotary operation, after the phase superposition in the gradual change rake angle spiral rake face operation, the actual cutting angle is always kept in the expected range, and the cutting force acting point is effectively changed, so that the cutting performance of the tool is improved.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the rake angle of the spiral rake face of the ball-end cutting edge of the ball-end milling cutter is gradually changed from +.γ a to +.γ 0 outwards from the center point of the ball, wherein γ 0 is the circumferential rake angle of the straight cutting edge, γ a is the rake angle of the spiral rake face of the ball-end milling cutter, and γ a＜γ0 is the rake angle of the spiral rake face at the N position as shown in fig. 3 and 4.
The milling cutter adopts the spiral surface (namely the spiral rake surface 4) of the ball head cutting edge 3, and the rake surface extends outwards from the center point of the ball head and is arranged in a gradual change rake angle, and the rake angle can be designed according to cutting materials, so that the speed of the spiral surface participating in cutting is ensured, the gradual change rake angle is optimized, the distribution and the size of cutting force can be effectively changed, the cutting edge is enhanced, and the cutting performance of the cutter is improved. For example, the rake angle of the helical rake face 4 tapers from +.y/2 to +.y from the ball center point to the linear cutting edge, where +.y is the circumferential rake angle of the linear cutting edge.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, 7, 8 and 9, from the center point of the ball head to the straight cutting edge, the rake angle of the spiral rake surface 4 of the ball head cutting edge at A, B, C is γ 1、γ2、γ3, and γ 1<γ2<γ3.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the ball chip flute 5 of the milling cutter of the present invention is a smooth curved surface, one side of the ball chip flute 5 is connected with the bottom of the spiral rake surface 4, and the ball chip flute 5 presents an inclined surface in a direction from the side close to the spiral rake surface to the side far from the spiral rake surface, i.e. the side of the spiral rake surface to the side of the third flank surface.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the side projection of the junction of the ball chip flute 5 and the helical rake surface 4 of the milling cutter of the present invention is a curve M1 that is smoothly flared from the center point of the ball head. Specifically, the curve M1 of the side projection of the joint of the spherical chip flute and the spiral rake face can be an arc line, a spiral line or other curves.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a curve of a side projection of a junction of the spherical chip flute and the spiral rake surface is between 0.6R and 1.5R arcs, wherein R is a spherical radius forming a cutting edge of the ball head.
In one embodiment of the invention, the radius of curvature R 0,0.75R≤R0 of the side projection curve at the joint of the spherical chip flute and the spiral rake face is less than or equal to 1.2R, wherein R is the radius of the spherical part forming the cutting edge of the spherical head.
The ball end milling cutter with the variable rake angle spiral surface has the advantages that the curve M1 of the side projection of the joint of the ball chip flute 5 and the spiral rake surface 4 is smooth and is positioned at the bottom of the spiral rake surface, so that the bottom of the spiral rake surface 4 and the bottom of the ball chip flute 5 are in uniform transition. The structure of the invention can not only improve the chip containing space of the ball head cutting edge 3, but also increase the strength of the ball head cutting edge, reduce the risk of tipping of the ball head cutting edge and avoid the problem of machining tipping.
The ball end mill with the variable rake angle helicoid provided by the application can not only improve the strength of the ball cutting edge 3, but also reduce the cutting resistance, simultaneously improve the abrupt change of the cutting force, improve the quality of the cutting surface and effectively reduce the failure risks such as tipping and the like.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the spherical chip flute 5 spreads out smoothly from the center point of the ball head to the straight cutting edge 6 in a spiral curve.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the curve of the side projection of the ball chip flute 5 is between 0.75R and 1.5R, where R is the radius of the ball portion forming the ball end mill of the present invention, so as to achieve a good effect.
In this embodiment, taking an example of an R5 ball end cutter, i.e., a ball radius of 5mm, of the ball end mill of the present invention, a circumferential rake angle of the straight cutting edge 6 is 6 °, and a rake angle of the helical rake face 4 of the ball end cutting edge 3 is gradually changed from 3 ° to 6 ° in the center of the ball, i.e., from 3 ° to 3 °, so as to connect with the straight cutting edge, and a side projection curve of a junction between the ball chip flute 5 and the helical rake face 4 is a smooth curve between R3 and R7.
While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The ball end mill with the variable rake angle spiral surface comprises a cutter handle and a cutting part arranged at the front end of the cutter handle, and is characterized in that the cutting part comprises a linear cutting edge and a ball cutting edge, the ball cutting edge extends from a ball center point to the periphery of the linear cutting edge, the ball cutting edge is provided with a spiral rake surface and a ball chip pocket, the rake angle of the spiral rake surface is a gradual change rake angle from the ball center point to the linear cutting edge, the ball chip pocket is a smooth curved surface, the ball chip pocket is an inclined surface in the direction of approaching the spiral rake surface and separating from the spiral rake surface, and the side projection of the joint of the ball chip pocket and the spiral rake surface is a curve which slides outwards from the ball center point.
2. The ball nose end mill with a variable rake angle helicoidal surface of claim 1, wherein the rake angle of the helicoidal rake surface tapers from +.γa to +.γ0 outward from the ball nose center point, wherein γ0 is the circumferential rake angle of the straight cutting edge, γa is the rake angle of the ball nose center helicoidal rake surface, γa < γ0.
3. The ball nose end mill with variable rake angle helicoid of claim 1, wherein the rake angle of the helicoid is gradually changed from +.y/2 to +.y from the ball nose center point to the linear cutting edge, wherein +.y is the circumferential rake angle of the linear cutting edge.
4. The ball nose end mill with variable rake angle helicoid of claim 1, wherein the curve of the projection of the side surface of the junction of the ball chip flute and the helicoid rake face is a circular arc line or a spiral line.
5. The ball nose end mill with a variable rake spiral surface of claim 1, wherein the curve of the side projection of the junction of the ball chip flute and the spiral rake surface is between 0.6R and 1.5R, where R is the radius of the ball forming the cutting edge of the ball nose.
6. The ball nose end mill with a modified rake face according to claim 5, wherein the radius of curvature R0 of the projection curve of the side surface of the junction of the ball chip flute and the helical rake face is 0.75R0≤1.2R, wherein R is the radius of the ball portion forming the cutting edge of the ball nose.
7. The ball nose end mill with a modified rake face according to claim 1, wherein the shank and the cutting portion are integrally connected.
8. The ball nose end mill with a modified rake face according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the cutting edges of the ball nose end mill form a 2-edge, 3-edge, 4-edge or 5-edge ball nose end mill.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211298734.3A CN116689849B (en) | 2022-10-24 | 2022-10-24 | A ball-nose end mill with a variable rake angle helicoidal surface |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211298734.3A CN116689849B (en) | 2022-10-24 | 2022-10-24 | A ball-nose end mill with a variable rake angle helicoidal surface |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116689849A CN116689849A (en) | 2023-09-05 |
| CN116689849B true CN116689849B (en) | 2025-10-28 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211298734.3A Active CN116689849B (en) | 2022-10-24 | 2022-10-24 | A ball-nose end mill with a variable rake angle helicoidal surface |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116689849B (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002052412A (en) * | 2000-08-08 | 2002-02-19 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Ball end mill |
| CN218253078U (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2023-01-10 | 厦门伯雷顿新材料有限公司 | Ball end mill with variable front angle helicoid |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4097515B2 (en) * | 2002-12-02 | 2008-06-11 | 日立ツール株式会社 | Ball end mill |
| KR101534120B1 (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2015-07-09 | 미츠비시 히타치 쓰루 가부시키가이샤 | Ball end mill and insert |
-
2022
- 2022-10-24 CN CN202211298734.3A patent/CN116689849B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002052412A (en) * | 2000-08-08 | 2002-02-19 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Ball end mill |
| CN218253078U (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2023-01-10 | 厦门伯雷顿新材料有限公司 | Ball end mill with variable front angle helicoid |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN116689849A (en) | 2023-09-05 |
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Effective date of registration: 20240122 Address after: 361006, No. 69, prosperous road, Huli District, Fujian, Xiamen Applicant after: XIAMEN GOLDEN EGRET SPECIAL ALLOY Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 361000 Unit 103, No. 5, South Fangshan Road, Torch High tech Zone (Xiang'an) Industrial Zone, Xiamen, Fujian Applicant before: Xiamen Bereton New Materials Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |
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