CN116688306B

CN116688306B - Airway intubation guide device

Info

Publication number: CN116688306B
Application number: CN202310993569.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭瑞; 朱咏仪; 吴青霖; 宗银东
Original assignee: Fifth Affiliated Hospital Of Guangzhou Medical University Guangdong Provincial Laboratory Affiliated Hospital Of Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine And Health
Current assignee: Fifth Affiliated Hospital Of Guangzhou Medical University Guangdong Provincial Laboratory Affiliated Hospital Of Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine And Health
Priority date: 2023-08-09
Filing date: 2023-08-09
Publication date: 2024-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 2043-08-09
Also published as: CN116688306A

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and discloses an airway intubation guide device, including a tube body, a guide wire, a camera and a display. The front end of the tube body is provided with a guide head, and the guide head is respectively provided with a guide hole and a mounting hole that penetrate the tube body along the axial direction of the tube body, and the guide hole is used for the guide wire to pass through. The camera is arranged at the front end of the mounting hole, and the camera is electrically connected to the display. When the present invention is used to perform airway tube intubation, the guide wire is first inserted into the patient's trachea from the patient's neck, and is extended from the patient's oral cavity in a retrograde manner along the trachea, and then the guide wire extended from the patient's oral cavity is passed through the guide hole. Since the guide wire passes through the oral cavity in a retrograde manner from the trachea at the patient's neck, the tube body is helped to be extended into the patient's trachea under the guidance of the guide wire, and the operation is simple and the reliability is high.

Description

Airway intubation guiding device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to an airway intubation guide device and a using method thereof.

Background

Currently, intubation of the airways is difficult, typically performed using a visual laryngoscope or using a fiberoptic bronchoscope.

The steps of intubation using a visual laryngoscope are: after anesthesia, a doctor inserts a visual laryngoscope into the throat of a patient, picks up the epiglottis, exposes the glottis, then controls the visual laryngoscope to be motionless, keeps the current picture of the exposed glottis, and inserts an endotracheal tube into the glottis under the visual condition to enter the trachea; the disadvantage is that the visual laryngoscope must be placed in the mouth and enter the pharynx to pick up the epiglottis to reveal the glottis for tracheal intubation, but for patients with difficult airways, the maximum opening degree of the patient is generally limited, and the visual laryngoscope cannot be suitable for patients with smaller maximum opening degree; furthermore, the visual laryngoscope is required to pry the neck of the patient backwards, and the patient with cervical vertebra fracture is not suitable for use.

The steps of intubation using a fiberoptic bronchoscope are: firstly, carrying out surface anesthesia on the oral cavity and the trachea of a patient, keeping the patient in a conscious state, sleeving a tracheal catheter outside a fiber bronchoscope, then inserting the fiber bronchoscope into a glottis to enter the trachea under a visual condition, and finally, enabling the tracheal catheter sleeved outside the fiber bronchoscope to enter the trachea along the fiber bronchoscope; the disadvantage is that, firstly, the awake intubation is relatively uncomfortable for the patient, but for the patient with difficult airways, when the anesthesiologist performs the tracheal intubation, the patient cannot enter the sleep state after the patient is fully inhaled as the normal person, and then the tracheal intubation is induced by the anesthesia drug, so as to reduce the pain of the patient, because if the respiration of the patient is inhibited by the anesthesia drug (the deeply anesthetized patient cannot spontaneously breathe), if the doctor cannot easily insert the tracheal catheter successfully at this time, the patient has the choking risk, and the limitation of performing the intubation by using the fiber bronchoscope is summarized as follows:

(1) The difficulty of handling the disturbance of the tongue and laryngeal muscle groups of the patient facing wakefulness is heavy: firstly, the patient is awake, which is a basic guarantee of safety, and the patient is usually subjected to surface anesthesia of throat spraying and cricothyroid puncturing in order to reduce pain of the patient, but the effect is usually limited, after all, the patient is only sprayed on the surface of a mucous membrane, the throat muscle group is strongly stimulated by the compression of foreign matters in the process of inserting the bronchofiberscope into the glottis, and when the patient is awake, the tongue of the patient stirs the lens to the left side or the right side of the oral cavity or pushes the lens against the palate when the bronchofiberscope enters the pharynx of the patient, so that the bronchofiberscope cannot normally advance.

(2) Even if the fiber bronchoscope enters the pharynx to see the epiglottis, the epiglottis of a part of patients is hardened and limited to lift up, especially the patients with limited opening degree after nasopharyngeal carcinoma radiotherapy, the activity of the epiglottis is severely limited, the epiglottis can not be lifted up, the glottis can not be exposed, and a problem is brought to the insertion of the fiber bronchoscope into the glottis.

(3) Even though the fiberoptic bronchoscope can bypass the epiglottis to see the glottis, when the fiberoptic bronchoscope touches the glottis of a patient, the patient can quickly close the glottis and can reflectively choke and swallow, and the fiberoptic bronchoscope is easy to squeeze by the laryngeal muscle group to be far away from the glottis without guidance limitation, and needs to be operated again.

(4) After the operation time is too long, sputum secretion is more and more, in addition, in the process of operation, the phenomenon that the laryngeal tissue of a patient possibly bleeds can occur, and the sputum and the blood can lead to the limited visual field of the fiber bronchoscope.

(5) The lens of the general fiberoptic bronchoscope is provided with a suction tube, but the cross-sectional area ratio of the suction tube is very small, because the working part of the lens needs to be provided with a cable wire and a built-in working piece with a bent stretching head, the space reserved for the suction hole is very small, the length of the lens body is generally more than 500mm, and the suction effect of the lens body is obviously poor due to the fact that the suction tube is slender to suck viscous sputum.

(6) The lens part has no flushing function, once the lens of the fiber bronchoscope is shielded by sputum or catheter lubricant, the fiber bronchoscope is required to be extracted after the limited visual field, and reinserted after the lens is wiped.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the airway intubation guide device which is easy and convenient to operate and is beneficial to completing the airway intubation operation.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides an airway intubation guide device, which comprises a tube body, a guide wire, a camera and a display, wherein the front end of the tube body is provided with a guide head, the guide head is respectively provided with a guide hole and a mounting hole which penetrate through the tube body along the axial direction of the tube body, the guide hole is used for the guide wire to penetrate through, the camera is arranged at the front end of the mounting hole, and the camera is electrically connected with the display.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, the guiding device further comprises a flushing pipe, the flushing pipe is matched with the mounting hole, the camera is provided with a lens part and a cable, a first inner hole matched with the lens part and a second inner hole matched with the cable are arranged in the flushing pipe, a plurality of flushing grooves distributed around the axis of the flushing pipe are formed in the outer side of the flushing pipe, and the rear end of the flushing pipe is connected with the flushing device.

As a preferable mode of the invention, the guide head is further provided with a suction hole penetrating through the pipe body along the axial direction of the pipe body, and the rear end of the suction hole is connected with a negative pressure suction device.

As a preferable mode of the invention, the front end of the suction hole is crescent-shaped.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, the lower part of the front end of the guide head is provided with a convex guide part, and the upper part of the front end of the guide head is in smooth transition connection with the guide part.

As a preferable mode of the invention, the tail end of the pipe body is provided with a boss which is arranged around the axis of the pipe body, and the diameter of the boss gradually increases from the front end to the rear end.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the guide device further comprises a tracheal puncture needle, wherein the tracheal puncture needle is provided with a through hole through which the guide wire passes.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the guide wire is made of polyethylene.

Compared with the prior art, the airway intubation guide device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: when the invention is used for airway intubation, the guide wire is firstly extended into the trachea of a patient from the neck of the patient and is extended out of the oral cavity of the patient along the trachea in a retrograde way, then the guide wire extended out of the oral cavity of the patient passes through the guide hole, and the guide wire is extended out of the oral cavity from the trachea at the neck of the patient in a retrograde way, so that the tube body is helped to extend into the trachea of the patient under the guiding action of the guide wire.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front end block diagram of a pipe body of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a rear end block diagram of the pipe body of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a flush tube of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the connection of the flush tube with the mounting hole of the present invention;

In the figure, 1, a pipe body; 11. a guide head; 111. a guide part; 12. a guide hole; 13. a mounting hole; 14. a suction hole; 15. a boss; 2. a guide wire; 3. a camera; 31. a lens portion; 32. a cable; 4. a flushing pipe; 41. flushing a groove; 5. an annular joint; 51. a cavity; 52. and a water inlet.

Detailed Description

The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4 (only a portion of the guide wire is shown, and the actual length of the guide wire is not shown), an airway tube guide device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a tube body 1, a guide wire 2, a camera 3, and a display, the front end of the tube body 1 is provided with a guide head 11, the guide head 11 is provided with a guide hole 12 and a mounting hole 13 penetrating the tube body 1 in the axial direction of the tube body 1, respectively, the guide hole 12 is for the guide wire 2 to pass through, the guide wire 2 is for the guide wire to extend from the neck of the patient into the trachea of the patient and extend from the mouth of the patient, i.e., one end of the guide wire 2 extends from the neck of the patient into the trachea thereof and extends from the mouth of the patient, the camera 3 is provided at the front end of the mounting hole 13, and the camera 3 is electrically connected to the display.

The specific method for performing the intubation operation by using the guide device comprises the following steps:

S1: one end of the guide wire 2 is extended into the trachea of a patient from the neck of the patient (the neck of the patient needs to be punctured), then the guide wire 2 is gradually pushed in, so that the guide wire 2 moves reversely along the airway of the patient, and finally the guide wire 2 extends out of the oral cavity of the patient;

S2: the tracheal catheter is sleeved at the rear end of the catheter body 1, and then one end of the guide wire 2 extending out of the oral cavity of the patient extends into and passes through the guide hole 12 from the front end of the guide hole 12;

S3: the tube body 1 is stretched into the oral cavity of a patient, the tube body 1 is gradually stretched into the trachea of the patient along the guide wire 2, in the process of stretching the tube body 1, the image shot by the camera 3 is transmitted to the display, the situation of stretching the tube body 1 can be intuitively observed through observing the display, and finally, the situation that the tube body 1 reaches the trachea of the patient is confirmed through observing the display;

s4: the guide wire 2 is pulled out from the neck of the patient, and the tracheal catheter sleeved at the rear end of the tube body 1 is gradually extended into the trachea of the patient along the tube body 1.

The guide wire 2 passes through the upper outlet cavity from the trachea at the neck of a patient in a retrograde way, so that the tube body 1 can be smoothly and reliably stretched into the trachea of the patient under the guide action of the guide wire 2, meanwhile, the guide device is provided with the camera 3, when the airway intubation is operated, the camera 3 transmits a shot image to the display, the whole process is visible, so that the condition of the tube body 1 stretching into the trachea can be observed, and whether the tube body 1 reaches the trachea can be confirmed by observing the display.

In addition, the biggest problem in waking intubated patients, when operating with a fibrous broncho-intubation, is the disturbance of the tongue and laryngeal muscle groups: the hardening of epiglottis does not lift, and the camera lens touches the glottis and makes patient reflectivity tight glottis suddenly, and then chokes and cough the reflection and swallows the reflection, shifts the camera lens far away, leads to operating time extension, and sputum blood increases gradually, and the degree of difficulty is bigger and bigger, and patient stress state physical performance decline is serious, and the rhythm of the heart increases, and blood pressure rise all can appear, uses this guider to carry out intubate operation to above-mentioned problem, owing to have the guide of seal wire, consequently intubate operation's degree of difficulty can greatly reduced.

Illustratively, the guiding device further comprises a flushing pipe 4, the flushing pipe 4 is matched with the mounting hole 13, the camera 3 is provided with a lens part 31 and a cable wire 32, a first inner hole matched with the lens part 31 and a second inner hole matched with the cable wire 32 are arranged inside the flushing pipe 4, a plurality of flushing grooves 41 distributed around the axis of the flushing pipe 4 are arranged on the outer side of the flushing pipe 4, the rear end of the flushing pipe 4 is connected with the flushing device, in the process that the pipe body 1 stretches into the trachea from the oral cavity of a patient, if the lens part 31 of the camera 3 is shielded by sputum and blood, at the moment, cleaning water can be output through the flushing device, and the cleaning water is conveyed to the front end of the lens part 31 through the flushing grooves 41 on the outer side of the flushing pipe 4 so as to realize cleaning of the lens part 31, the flushing groove 41 is arranged around the lens part 31 to enable flushing water to flow to the converging action of the lens, the cleaning effect of the lens is improved, it is understood that connection of the flushing device and the flushing pipe 4 is not hindered by the cable wire 32 of the camera 3, as shown in fig. 4, in the embodiment, the output end of the flushing device is connected with the rear end of the flushing pipe 4 through the annular connector 5, the front end of the annular connector 5 is inserted into the mounting hole 13, the inner hole of the annular connector 5 is matched with the cable wire 32 to extend out the cable wire 32, a cavity 51 communicated with the flushing groove 41 is arranged inside the annular connector 5, a water inlet 52 communicated with the cavity 51 is arranged at the side part of the rear end of the annular connector 5, and the output end of the flushing device is connected with the water inlet 52.

Illustratively, the guide head 11 is further provided with a suction hole 14 penetrating the tube body 1 along the axial direction of the tube body 1, the rear end of the suction hole 14 is connected with a negative pressure suction device, and if the lens part 31 of the camera 3 is shielded by the sputum blood, the negative pressure suction device can be started to suck the sputum blood through the suction hole 14.

Illustratively, the front end of the suction hole 14 is crescent-shaped, the aperture is enlarged, and the suction effect is improved.

Illustratively, the lower part of the front end of the guide head 11 is provided with a convex guide part 111, and the upper part of the front end of the guide head 11 is in smooth transition connection with the guide part 111, so that the guide head 11 can conveniently enter the tightly closed glottis, and the guide head 11 is wrapped by using a flexible material, so that the damage to the glottis is reduced.

Illustratively, the trailing end of the tube body 1 is provided with a boss 15 disposed about the axis of the tube body 1, the boss 15 having a diameter that gradually increases from the leading end to the trailing end to facilitate the tracheal catheter being sleeved on the trailing end of the tube body 1.

Illustratively, the guiding device further comprises a tracheal puncture needle, wherein the tracheal puncture needle is provided with a through hole for the guide wire 2 to pass through, the tracheal puncture needle is firstly penetrated into the trachea of the patient from the neck of the patient, and then the guide wire 2 is penetrated through the through hole of the tracheal puncture needle and is stretched into the trachea of the patient.

Illustratively, the guide wire is made of polyethylene, and flexibility and rigidity can meet the operation requirements.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be considered as being within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An airway intubation guide, characterized in that: comprises a tube body, a tracheal puncture needle, a guide wire, a camera and a display, wherein the front end of the tube body is provided with a guide head, the guide head is respectively provided with a guide hole and a mounting hole which are communicated with the tube body along the axial direction of the tube body, the guide hole is used for the guide wire to pass through, the tracheal puncture needle is used for penetrating into the trachea of a patient from the neck of the patient, the tracheal puncture needle is provided with a through hole for the guide wire to pass through, the guide wire is used for extending into the trachea of the patient from the through hole and extending out of the oral cavity of the patient, the camera is arranged at the front end of the mounting hole, the camera is electrically connected with the display, the tracheal puncture needle also comprises a flushing tube, the flushing tube is matched with the mounting hole, the camera is provided with a lens part and a cable, the inside of the flushing tube is provided with a first inner hole matched with the lens part and a second inner hole matched with the cable, the outer side of the flushing pipe is provided with a plurality of flushing grooves distributed around the axis of the flushing pipe, the rear end of the flushing pipe is connected with the flushing device through an annular joint, the front end of the annular joint is inserted into the rear end of the mounting hole, an inner hole of the annular joint is matched with the cable, a cavity communicated with the flushing groove is arranged in the annular joint, the side part of the rear end of the annular joint is provided with a water inlet communicated with the cavity, the output end of the flushing device is connected with the water inlet, the guide head is also provided with a suction hole which penetrates through the pipe body along the axial direction of the pipe body, the front end of the suction hole is crescent and surrounds the guide hole, the rear end of the suction hole is connected with the negative pressure suction device, the suction hole is positioned at the upper part of the guide head, the lower part of the front end of the guide head is provided with a convex guide part, the upper part of the front end of the guide head is in smooth transition connection with the guide part.

2. The airway tube guide of claim 1, wherein: the tail end of the pipe body is provided with a boss which is arranged around the axis of the pipe body, and the diameter of the boss is gradually increased from the front end to the rear end.

3. The airway tube guide of claim 1, wherein: the guide wire is made of polyethylene.