CN116686536A - Automatic straw smashing device for biological seedling substrate preparation - Google Patents
Automatic straw smashing device for biological seedling substrate preparation Download PDFInfo
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- CN116686536A CN116686536A CN202310768386.XA CN202310768386A CN116686536A CN 116686536 A CN116686536 A CN 116686536A CN 202310768386 A CN202310768386 A CN 202310768386A CN 116686536 A CN116686536 A CN 116686536A
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- groove
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- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
- A01D43/10—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with means for crushing or bruising the mown crop
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/60—Apparatus for preparing growth substrates or culture media
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides an automatic reducing mechanism of straw for biological seedling raising matrix, includes movable carrier, shrink mechanism, shearing mechanism, transport mechanism, reducing mechanism and plastic film covering mechanism, the front and back symmetry of lower extreme face of movable carrier is provided with the crawler belt mechanism that is used for removing, shearing mechanism is located the left side of movable carrier, shrink mechanism is located the left side of movable carrier up end, the reducing mechanism is located the inside of movable carrier, transport mechanism is located the inside left side of movable carrier, plastic film covering mechanism is located the downside of movable carrier right-hand member face. The device can automatically cut, collect, crush and cover the thin film on the straws in the field, realizes the automatic treatment of the straws, improves the treatment efficiency and reduces the labor cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of straw fermentation, and particularly provides an automatic straw crushing device for preparing biological seedling substrates.
Background
Straw is the remainder of the crop and is typically disposed of in conventional agriculture by incineration or composting. However, these conventional methods have problems such as energy waste, environmental pollution, etc., and in the use of straw, researchers have developed various technologies for using straw, such as biomass fuel, biofertilizer, animal feed, matrix filler, etc., which help to maximize straw resources and reduce the dependence on conventional energy and raw materials.
The traditional biological seedling substrate preparation generally adopts a method of manual shearing or mechanical crushing to treat raw materials. The mode has the problems of high labor force, low efficiency, inconvenient operation and the like; in the agricultural field, various mechanical crushing devices such as straw crushers, choppers and the like exist, and the devices can crush straws, but the operation needs manual intervention and adjustment, so that an automatic straw crushing process cannot be realized. In the process of preparing the biological seedling raising matrix by using the straws, the straws can be promoted to ferment in the field by controlling the environmental conditions, so that the straws are fermented in the field for preparing the biological seedling raising matrix, and the method has the advantages of recycling resources, activating soil, slowly releasing fertilizer, improving disease resistance, being environment-friendly and the like. This approach is beneficial for sustainable agriculture and environmental protection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides an automatic straw crushing device for preparing biological seedling substrates.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an automatic reducing mechanism of straw for biological seedling raising matrix, includes movable carrier, shrink mechanism, shearing mechanism, transport mechanism, reducing mechanism and plastic film covering mechanism, the front and back symmetry of lower extreme face of movable carrier is provided with the crawler belt mechanism that is used for removing, shearing mechanism is located the left side of movable carrier, shrink mechanism is located the left side of movable carrier up end, the reducing mechanism is located the inside of movable carrier, transport mechanism is located the inside left side of movable carrier, plastic film covering mechanism is located the downside of movable carrier right-hand member face.
The telescopic mechanism comprises a fixed plate fixedly arranged on the left side of the upper end face of a movable carrier, an opening left lifting groove is formed in the fixed plate, a limiting rod in the vertical direction is arranged on the front side of the lifting groove, the upper end and the lower end of the limiting rod are fixedly connected with the inner walls of the upper end and the lower end of the limiting rod respectively, a threaded rod in the vertical direction is arranged on the rear side of the lifting groove, the upper end and the lower end of the threaded rod penetrate through the upper end wall and the lower end wall of the lifting groove respectively in a bearing connection mode, a servo motor is fixedly arranged on the rear side of the upper end face of the fixed plate and the same vertical axis of the threaded rod, the upper end of the threaded rod penetrates through the upper end wall of the lifting groove and is in power connection with the servo motor, a horizontal lifting plate is arranged in the lifting groove, the rear end of the lifting plate is sleeved on a rod body of the limiting rod in a threaded fit mode, the front end of the lifting plate is sleeved on the rod body of the limiting rod in a sliding fit mode, the left end of the lifting plate is located on the outer side of the lifting groove, the L-shaped connecting rod is fixedly connected with the L-shaped connecting rod respectively, the lower end of the L-shaped connecting rod is fixedly connected with the right end face of the lifting plate through the fixed end face of the fixed carrier, and the fixed end face of the lifting mechanism is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the fixed carrier.
The utility model provides a shearing mechanism, shearing mechanism includes the fly leaf of fixed connection at L shape connecting rod lower extreme, the lower terminal surface of fly leaf is provided with controls and link up and opening decurrent installation space, the inside drive space that is provided with of the back end wall of installation space, the first pivot of fore-and-aft direction is installed on the inside right side of installation space, the back end wall and the drive space of installation space are run through to the back end of first pivot, the back end right side fixed mounting of fly leaf has driving motor, the back end and the driving motor power of first pivot are connected, the front end and the front end wall rotation of installation space of first pivot are connected, the epaxial circumference distribution has three scraper blade, the inside left side of installation space is provided with the second pivot of fore-and-aft direction, the front end and the front end wall rotation of installation space of second pivot are connected, the back end wall and the back end wall rotation of drive space are connected, are located between the axis body of first pivot and second pivot through the first drive belt connection of first pivot, the axis is located the reinforcing bar is equipped with to the fixed bolster on the axis, the fixed bolster is equipped with to the axis.
The left end face lower side of the movable carrier is provided with an opening left swinging groove, a transmission cavity is formed in the rear end wall of the swinging groove, a third rotating shaft in the front-rear direction is arranged on the lower side of the right end of the swinging groove, the front end of the third rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the front end wall of the swinging groove, the rear end of the third rotating shaft penetrates through the rear end wall of the swinging groove and is rotationally connected with the rear end wall of the transmission cavity, the lower end of the threaded rod penetrates through the lower end wall of the lifting groove and extends into the transmission cavity, the lower end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected with a bevel gear which is horizontally placed, the bevel gear which is vertically placed is fixedly sleeved on the shaft body of the third rotating shaft through a central position, the bevel gear at the horizontal position is in meshed transmission with the bevel gear at the vertical position, a shovel plate is arranged in the swinging groove, the right end of the shovel plate is fixedly connected on the shaft body of the third rotating shaft, and the left end of the shovel plate penetrates out of the swinging groove and extends leftwards.
The mud guard is characterized in that a mud guard extending leftwards is fixedly arranged at the middle position of the left end face of the movable carrier, and the front side and the rear side of the mud guard are connected with the front side and the rear side of the shovel plate through elastic cloth.
The utility model provides a crushing mechanism, crushing mechanism is including being located the inside intermediate position department of movable carrier, the preceding terminal surface of movable carrier is provided with power casing with the position department that crushing space level corresponds, the inside of power casing is provided with power space, the front end wall left side fixed mounting of power space has high torsion motor, the rear end power of high torsion motor is connected with the fourth pivot, the rear end of fourth pivot passes the rear end wall of power space and rotates with the rear end wall of crushing space to be connected, the fixed cover has first roller pole on the axis body that the fourth pivot is located crushing space, the inside right side of crushing space is provided with the fifth pivot of fore-and-aft direction, the rear end and the rear end wall rotation of crushing space of fifth pivot are connected, the front end of fifth pivot passes the front end wall of crushing space and extends forward into power space, the fixed cover has the second roller pole on the axis body that the fifth pivot is located crushing space, through gear transmission's mode power connection between the axis body that the fourth pivot is located power space, the gear sleeve on the left side is provided with the fourth pivot on the right side of fourth pivot, the fourth pivot is arranged on the circumference of a gear body and the right side of fourth pivot, the fourth pivot is arranged on the right side of roller pole, the fourth roller pole is arranged on the circumference of the right side of the fourth roller pole.
The crushing device comprises a crushing space, wherein the crushing space is characterized in that an upward feeding hole is formed in the upper end wall of the crushing space, the feeding hole is communicated with the crushing space and the external space, a downward and rightward inclined discharging hole is formed in the lower end wall of the crushing space, and the discharging hole is communicated with the crushing space and the external space.
The conveying mechanism comprises a conveying channel positioned in the movable carrier, the left end of the conveying channel is communicated with the swinging groove, the right end of the conveying channel is communicated with the feeding hole, a transmission groove parallel to the conveying channel is formed in the lower end wall of the conveying channel, the transmission groove is communicated with the conveying channel, a driven shaft is arranged on the left side of the inside of the transmission groove, the front end and the rear end of the driven shaft are respectively connected with the front end wall and the rear end wall of the transmission groove in a rotating mode, a driving shaft is arranged on the right side of the inside of the transmission groove, the rear end of the driving shaft is connected with the rear end wall of the transmission groove in a rotating mode, the front end of the driving shaft penetrates through the front end wall of the transmission groove and is connected with the front end wall of the power space in a rotating mode, a conveying belt is sleeved between the driving shaft and the driven shaft, and resistance bars in the front and the rear directions are distributed in an equidistant mode on the conveying belt.
Advantageously, the driving shaft is in transmission connection with the shaft body of the fourth rotating shaft through a second transmission belt.
The straw fermentation additive is characterized in that an upward liquid storage cavity is formed in the right side of the interior of the movable carrier, a plurality of liquid dropping ports are uniformly formed in the front-back direction of the upper end wall of the discharge port, the liquid dropping ports are communicated with the discharge port and the liquid storage cavity, an electric control valve is arranged in the liquid dropping ports, and straw fermentation additives are filled in the liquid storage cavity.
The film covering mechanism comprises connecting plates which are arranged in a front-back symmetrical mode on the lower side of the right end face of the movable carrier, a rotating shaft is detachably arranged between the connecting plates on the front side and the rear side, the front end and the rear end of the rotating shaft are respectively connected with the connecting plates on the front side and the rear side in a rotating mode, and a film roll is sleeved on a shaft body of the rotating shaft.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the device can automatically shear, collect, crush and cover the thin film on the straws in the field, realizes the automatic treatment of the straws, improves the treatment efficiency and reduces the labor cost;
2. the crushed and sheared straw is in the form of particles, so that the crushed and sheared straw can be conveniently applied to biological seedling substrates, the straw resources are reused, and the generation of wastes is reduced;
3. the film covering mechanism can provide a good fermentation environment for fresh straw particles, is beneficial to adding a fermenting agent and promoting the effective fermentation of the fermenting agent, and improves the quality of seedling culture substrates.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of a full section of an automated straw pulverizing apparatus for biological growth substrates according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front elevational view, in full section, of the retractor of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the shearing device of the present invention in full section;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the comminution apparatus of the present invention in full section;
FIG. 5 is a front elevational view, in full section, of the power casing of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a left side view of the liquid storage chamber of the present invention in full section;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention during operation.
In the figure: 1. moving the carrier; 2. a retraction mechanism; 3. a shearing mechanism; 4. a transmission mechanism; 5. a crushing mechanism; 6. a film covering mechanism; 7. a crawler mechanism; 8. a fixing plate; 9. a lifting groove; 10. a restraining bar; 11. a threaded rod; 12. a servo motor; 13. a lifting plate; 14. an L-shaped connecting rod; 15. a movable plate; 16. an installation space; 17. a transmission space; 18. a first rotating shaft; 19. a driving motor; 20. a reinforcing rod; 21. a scraper; 22. a second rotating shaft; 23. a first belt; 24. reinforcing ribs; 25. a shear blade; 26. a swinging groove; 27. a transmission cavity; 28. a third rotating shaft; 29. a shovel plate; 30. a mud guard; 31. an elastic cloth; 32. crushing space; 33. a power housing; 34. a power space; 35. a fourth rotating shaft; 36. a first roller bar; 37. a fifth rotating shaft; 38. a second roller bar; 39. a feed inlet; 40. a discharge port; 41. a transport channel; 42. a transmission groove; 43. a driven shaft; 44. a driving shaft; 45. a conveyor belt; 46. a resistance bar; 47. a second belt; 48. a liquid storage cavity; 49. a liquid drop port; 50. an electric control valve; 51. a connecting plate; 52. a rotating shaft; 53. a high torque motor.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are by way of example only and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the mechanism or element in question must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" means two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise
The utility model provides an automatic reducing mechanism of straw for biological seedling raising matrix, as shown in fig. 1, including moving carrier 1, shrink mechanism 2, shearing mechanism 3, transport mechanism 4, reducing mechanism 5 and covering membrane mechanism 6, the lower extreme front and back symmetry of moving carrier 1 is provided with the crawler belt mechanism 7 that is used for removing, it walks to control moving carrier 1 through crawler belt mechanism 7, can adapt to the topography under the different circumstances, shearing mechanism 3 is located the left side of moving carrier 1, be used for cutting the straw in the field into the quarter butt, help to shoveling the straw into moving carrier 1 in the processing, shrink mechanism 2 is located the left side of moving carrier 1 up end, be used for connecting shearing mechanism 3 and control the lift of shearing mechanism 3, reducing mechanism 5 is located the inside of moving carrier 1, be used for smashing the quarter butt form straw after cutting into the granule, transport mechanism 4 is located the inside left side of moving carrier 1, be used for with the quarter butt form after cutting conveying to reducing mechanism 5 in, covering membrane mechanism 6 is located the downside of moving carrier 1 right terminal surface, be used for covering the film on fresh granule, for straw absorbs straw fermentation additive and carries out good environment for straw fermentation.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the shrinking mechanism 2 includes a fixed plate 8 fixedly arranged on the left side of the upper end surface of the movable carrier 1, a lifting groove 9 with an opening to the left is arranged in the fixed plate 8, a limiting rod 10 in the vertical direction is arranged on the front side of the lifting groove 9, the upper end and the lower end of the limiting rod 10 are fixedly connected with the inner walls of the upper end and the lower end of the lifting groove 9 respectively, a threaded rod 11 in the vertical direction is arranged on the rear side of the inner side of the lifting groove 9, the upper end and the lower end of the threaded rod 11 are respectively penetrated through the upper end wall and the lower end wall of the lifting groove 9 in a bearing connection mode, a servo motor 12 is fixedly arranged on the same vertical axis of the upper end surface rear side of the fixed plate 8 and the threaded rod 11, the upper end of the threaded rod 11 penetrates through the upper end wall of the lifting groove 9 and is in power connection with the servo motor 12, a horizontal lifting plate 13 is arranged in the lifting groove 9, the rear end of the lifting plate 13 is sleeved on the rod body of the threaded rod 11 in a sliding fit mode, the front end of the lifting plate 13 is arranged on the rod body of the limiting rod 10 in a sliding fit mode, the left end of the lifting plate 13 is positioned on the outer side of the lifting groove 9 and fixedly connected with the upper end wall of the L-shaped connecting rod 14, the L-shaped connecting rod 14 is fixedly connected with the L-shaped connecting rod 1, and the lower end of the L-shaped connecting rod 1 is fixedly connected with the fixed end surface of the movable carrier 1 through the fixed end surface 1. In operation, stability of the fixing plate 8 is guaranteed through triangular stability, when the shear mechanism is used, the servo motor 12 drives the threaded rod 11 to rotate, and the cooperation of the limiting rod 10 and the lifting plate 13 limits rotation of the lifting plate 13, so that the lifting plate 13 can only move in the vertical direction, the lifting plate 13 descends along with rotation of the threaded rod 11 in a threaded cooperation mode, and therefore the shear mechanism 3 reaches a specified vertical position to shear.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the shearing mechanism 3 includes a movable plate 15 fixedly connected to the lower end of the L-shaped connecting rod 14, a mounting space 16 penetrating left and right and having a downward opening is provided on the lower end surface of the movable plate 15, a transmission space 17 is provided inside the rear end wall of the mounting space 16, a first rotating shaft 18 in the front-rear direction is mounted on the right side of the interior of the mounting space 16, the rear end of the first rotating shaft 18 penetrates through the rear end wall of the mounting space 16 and the transmission space 17, a driving motor 19 is fixedly mounted on the right side of the rear end surface of the movable plate 15, the rear end of the first rotating shaft 18 is in dynamic connection with the driving motor 19, the front end of the first rotating shaft 18 is in rotational connection with the front end wall of the mounting space 16, three scraping plates 21 are circumferentially distributed on the shaft body of the first rotating shaft 18, a second rotating shaft 22 in the front-rear direction is provided on the left side of the interior of the mounting space 16, the front end of the second rotating shaft 22 is in rotational connection with the front end wall of the mounting space 16, the rear end of the second rotating shaft 22 penetrates through the rear end wall of the mounting space 16 and is in rotational connection with the rear end wall of the transmission space 17, the rear end of the first rotating shaft 18 and the second rotating shaft 18 is in rotational connection with the rear end wall of the transmission space 17, the first rotating shaft 18 and the second rotating shaft 22 located in the transmission space is evenly distributed on the first rotating shaft body 24 and a plurality of blades are evenly distributed on the second rotating shafts 24 and a plurality of blades are located on the first rotating shaft 24 and are in the circumference of the second rotating shafts 24. In operation, the driving motor 19 works to drive the first rotating shaft 18 and the second rotating shaft 22 to rotate simultaneously, wherein when the second rotating shaft 22 rotates, the straws are sheared into short rods through the shearing blades 25, so that the follow-up work is convenient to develop, and when the first rotating shaft 18 rotates, the straws are scraped right through the scraping plate 21, so that the straws are convenient to enter the conveying mechanism 4.
Specifically, the left end face downside of the mobile carrier 1 is provided with a swinging groove 26 with a left opening, a transmission cavity 27 is arranged in the rear end wall of the swinging groove 26, a third rotating shaft 28 in the front-rear direction is arranged on the lower side of the right end inside the swinging groove 26, the front end of the third rotating shaft 28 is rotationally connected with the front end wall of the swinging groove 26, the rear end of the third rotating shaft 28 penetrates through the rear end wall of the swinging groove 26 and is rotationally connected with the rear end wall of the transmission cavity 27, the lower end of the threaded rod 11 penetrates through the lower end wall of the lifting groove 9 and extends into the transmission cavity 27, the lower end of the threaded rod 11 is fixedly connected with a bevel gear which is horizontally placed, the inside of the transmission cavity 27 is also provided with a bevel gear which is vertically placed, the vertically placed bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on the shaft body of the third rotating shaft 28 through a central position, the bevel gear which is horizontally placed is meshed with the bevel gear which is vertically placed, a shovel plate 29 is arranged in the inside the swinging groove 26, the right end of the shovel plate 29 is fixedly connected on the shaft body of the third rotating shaft 28, and the left end of the shovel plate 29 penetrates out of the swinging groove 26 and extends leftwards. In operation, in the process of rotation of the threaded rod 11, the third rotating shaft 28 is driven to rotate through engagement between bevel gears, so that the shovel plate 29 rotates around the third rotating shaft 28, the left end of the shovel plate 29 swings to the right lower side, so that the shovel plate 29 shovel the straws on the ground in the process of moving the carrier 1, the shovel height of the shovel plate 29 changes along with the swinging of the third rotating shaft 28, the shovel of the straws can be accurately controlled, the straws are automatically collected, and the field is fermented in situ, so that the use is convenient.
Preferably, a mud guard 30 extending leftwards is fixedly arranged at the middle position of the left end surface of the mobile carrier 1, and the front side and the rear side of the mud guard 30 are connected with the front side and the rear side of the shovel 29 through an elastic cloth 31. In operation, the elastic cloth 31 is used to block the straw on the blade 29 from leaking out of both sides.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the crushing mechanism 5 includes a crushing space 32 located at an intermediate position inside the moving carrier 1, a power housing 33 is disposed at a position horizontally corresponding to the crushing space 32 on the front end surface of the moving carrier 1, a power space 34 is disposed inside the power housing 33, a high torque motor 53 is fixedly mounted on the left side of the front end wall of the power space 34, a fourth rotating shaft 35 is connected with the rear end of the high torque motor 53 in a power manner, the rear end of the fourth rotating shaft 35 passes through the rear end wall of the power space 34 and is rotationally connected with the rear end wall of the crushing space 32, a first roller rod 36 is fixedly sleeved on a shaft body of the fourth rotating shaft 35 located in the crushing space 32, a fifth rotating shaft 37 is disposed on the right side of the crushing space 32 in a front-rear end face manner, the rear end of the fifth rotating shaft 37 is rotationally connected with the rear end wall of the crushing space 32, the front end of the fifth rotating shaft 37 passes through the front end wall of the crushing space 32 and extends forward into the power space 34, a second roller rod 38 is fixedly sleeved on the shaft body of the fifth rotating shaft 37 located in the crushing space 32, the fourth rotating shaft 35 and the fifth rotating shaft 37 is rotationally connected with the right side of the fourth rotating shaft body through a gear wheel 35, and the right side of the fourth rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the fourth roller rod is rotatably mounted on the right side of the fourth roller rod, and the fourth roller rod is rotationally connected with the right side of the fourth roller rod. In operation, the high torque motor 53 works, the fourth rotating shaft 35 rotates clockwise, and the fifth rotating shaft 37 rotates anticlockwise through gear engagement, so that the sheared straws are rubbed into particles or powder through the rubbing plates on the first roller rod 36 and the second roller rod 38, the ventilation of the straws is improved, the straw can be conveniently absorbed by straw fermentation additives, and the fermentation process is accelerated.
Specifically, an upward opening feed port 39 is provided at the upper end wall of the crushing space 32, the feed port 39 communicates the crushing space 32 with the external space, a downward opening and rightward inclined discharge port 40 is provided at the lower end wall of the crushing space 32, and the discharge port 40 communicates the crushing space 32 with the external space. In operation, the sheared straws enter the crushing space 32 through the feed inlet 39, are crushed into particles or powder in the crushing space 32 and then fall on the ground through the discharge outlet 40, so that continuous operation can be realized, and the use is convenient.
Preferably, the transmission mechanism 4 comprises a transportation channel 41 positioned in the mobile carrier 1, the left end of the transportation channel 41 is communicated with the swinging groove 26, the right end of the transportation channel 41 is communicated with the feed inlet 39, a transmission groove 42 parallel to the transportation channel 41 is arranged at the lower end wall of the transportation channel 41, the transmission groove 42 is communicated with the transportation channel 41, a driven shaft 43 is arranged at the left side of the inside of the transmission groove 42, the front end and the rear end of the driven shaft 43 are respectively and rotatably connected with the front end wall and the rear end wall of the transmission groove 42, a driving shaft 44 is arranged at the right side of the inside of the transmission groove 42, the rear end of the driving shaft 44 is rotatably connected with the rear end wall of the transmission groove 42, the front end of the driving shaft 44 penetrates through the front end wall of the transmission groove 42 and is rotatably connected with the front end wall of the power space 34, a transportation belt 45 is sleeved between the driving shaft 44 and the driven shaft 43, and a plurality of resistance strips 46 in the front and rear directions are distributed on the transportation belt 45 at equal intervals. In operation, the conveying belt 45 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the driving shaft 41, the straws entering the swinging groove 26 are conveyed to the feed inlet 39 from left to right and from low to high, then crushed, and the conveying efficiency can be increased by the resistance strips 46.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the driving shaft 44 is in transmission connection with the shaft body of the fourth rotating shaft 35 through the second transmission belt 47, and the driving shaft 44 drives the transmission mechanism 4 to work while the fourth rotating shaft 35 rotates, so that the use of a motor is reduced, and the mechanism cost is reduced.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, a liquid storage cavity 48 with an upward opening is arranged on the right side of the interior of the mobile carrier 1, a plurality of liquid dropping ports 49 are uniformly arranged on the front-rear direction of the upper end wall of the discharge port 40, the liquid dropping ports 49 are communicated with the discharge port 40 and the liquid storage cavity 48, an electric control valve 50 is arranged in the liquid dropping ports 49, and straw fermentation additives are filled in the liquid storage cavity 48. In operation, when crushed straw falls to the ground through the discharge port 40, the electronic control valve 50 is opened to drop the straw fermentation additive into the ground straw, thereby promoting the fermentation of the straw.
Specifically, the film covering mechanism 6 comprises connecting plates 51 which are symmetrically arranged at the front and back of the lower side of the right end face of the movable carrier 1, a rotating shaft 52 is detachably arranged between the connecting plates 51 at the front and back sides, the front and back ends of the rotating shaft 52 are respectively and rotatably connected with the connecting plates 51 at the front and back sides, and a film roll is sleeved on the shaft body of the rotating shaft 52. In the work, in the process of moving the moving carrier 1, the film is pulled, and the film roll freely rotates, so that the film is covered on crushed straws, and a good environment is provided for absorbing fermentation additives by the straws.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, when the device starts to operate, the servo motor 12 drives the threaded rod 11 to rotate, and the cooperation of the limiting rod 10 and the lifting plate 13 limits the rotation of the lifting plate 13, so that the lifting plate 13 can only move vertically, the lifting plate 13 descends along with the rotation of the threaded rod 11 through the threaded cooperation, so that the shearing mechanism 3 reaches a designated vertical position, simultaneously, during the rotation of the threaded rod 11, the third rotating shaft 28 is driven to rotate through the engagement between bevel gears, so that the shovel 29 rotates around the third rotating shaft 28, the left end of the shovel 29 swings to the right lower side, during the movement of the moving carrier 1, the driving motor 19 is driven to simultaneously rotate with the first rotating shaft 18 and the second rotating shaft 22, wherein when the second rotating shaft 22 rotates, the straws are sheared into a short rod shape through the shearing blade 25, when the first rotating shaft 18 rotates, short-rod-shaped straws are scraped right by the scraping plate 21, the short-rod-shaped straws enter the conveying mechanism 4 conveniently, the shovel plate 29 scoops up straws on the ground, the conveying belt 45 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the driving shaft 41, the short-rod-shaped straws entering the swinging groove 26 are conveyed to the feeding port 39 from left to right and from low to high, then the high torque motor 53 works, the fourth rotating shaft 35 rotates clockwise, the fifth rotating shaft 37 rotates anticlockwise by gear engagement, so that the short-rod-shaped straws are rubbed into cut particles or powder by the rubbing plates on the first roller rod 36 and the second roller rod 38, when the smashed straws fall on the ground through the discharging port 40, the electric control valve 50 is opened, the straw fermentation additive is dripped into the straws on the ground, finally, the film is pulled by the movement of the moving carrier 1, the film roll rotates freely, so that the film is covered on the crushed straw, and a good environment is provided for absorbing the fermentation additive by the straw.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the automatic straw crushing device for the biological seedling raising substrate has the advantages that the lifting height of the shovel plate 29 is changed along with the swinging of the third rotating shaft 28, so that the lifting of the straw can be accurately controlled, the straw can be automatically collected, and the straw can be fermented in situ in a field, so that the use is convenient; the front and back sides of the mud guard 30 are connected with the front and back sides of the shovel 29 through an elastic cloth 31, and the elastic cloth 31 is used for preventing straws from leaking from the two sides; the resistance bars 46 can increase the delivery efficiency during transport; the large-sized straws are rubbed into small blocks by the rubbing plates on the first roller rod 36 and the second roller rod 38, the inclination angle of the shovel plate 29 is changed along with the swinging of the third rotating shaft 28, the lower end of the shovel plate 29 can be precisely controlled to be attached to the ground, and the sheared short-sized straws are rubbed into particles or powder by the rubbing plates on the first roller rod 36 and the second roller rod 38, so that the fermentation efficiency of the straws is improved; the film is covered on fresh straw, thus providing a good environment for straw fermentation.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments, but rather, the foregoing embodiments and description are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an automatic reducing mechanism of straw for biological seedling raising matrix, includes movable carrier (1), shrink mechanism (2), shearing mechanism (3), transport mechanism (4), crushing mechanism (5) and covering membrane mechanism (6), its characterized in that: the utility model discloses a movable carrier, including movable carrier (1), conveying mechanism (4), shearing mechanism (3), shrink mechanism (2), smashing mechanism (5), conveying mechanism (4) and covering mechanism (6) are respectively located on the left side of movable carrier (1) right-hand member face, the lower extreme front-back symmetry of movable carrier (1) is provided with crawler belt mechanism (7) that are used for removing, shearing mechanism (3) are located the left side of movable carrier (1), shrink mechanism (2) are located the left side of movable carrier (1) up end, smashing mechanism (5) are located the inside of movable carrier (1), conveying mechanism (4) are located the left side of movable carrier (1) inside, covering mechanism (6) are located the downside of movable carrier (1) right-hand member face.
2. The automatic straw crushing device for preparing biological seedling substrates, which is characterized in that: the shrinkage mechanism (2) comprises a fixed plate (8) fixedly arranged at the left side of the upper end surface of the movable carrier (1), a lifting groove (9) with a left opening is formed in the fixed plate (8), a limiting rod (10) in the vertical direction is arranged at the front side of the lifting groove (9), the upper end and the lower end of the limiting rod (10) are fixedly connected with the inner walls of the upper end and the lower end of the lifting groove (9) respectively, a threaded rod (11) in the vertical direction is arranged at the rear side of the inner part of the lifting groove (9), the upper end and the lower end of the threaded rod (11) respectively penetrate through the upper end wall and the lower end wall of the lifting groove (9) in a bearing connection mode, a servo motor (12) is fixedly arranged on the same vertical axis of the upper end surface rear side of the fixed plate (8) and the threaded rod (11), the upper end of the threaded rod (11) penetrates through the upper end wall of the lifting groove (9) and is in power connection with the servo motor (12), a horizontal lifting plate (13) is arranged in the lifting groove (9), the rear end of the lifting plate (13) is sleeved on the rod body (13) in a sliding mode, the lifting plate (13) is sleeved on the upper end of the rod body (9) in a sliding mode, the lifting plate (13) is in the sliding mode, the lower end of the L-shaped connecting rod (14) is fixedly connected with the shearing mechanism (3), and the right end face of the fixed plate (8) is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the movable carrier (1) through a reinforcing rod (20).
3. The automatic straw crushing device for preparing biological seedling raising substrates according to claim 2, wherein: the shearing mechanism (3) comprises a movable plate (15) fixedly connected to the lower end of an L-shaped connecting rod (14), a mounting space (16) which is penetrated left and right and is provided with a downward opening is arranged on the lower end face of the movable plate (15), a transmission space (17) is arranged in the rear end wall of the mounting space (16), a first rotating shaft (18) in the front-rear direction is arranged on the right side of the inside of the mounting space (16), the rear end of the first rotating shaft (18) penetrates through the rear end wall of the mounting space (16) and the transmission space (17), a driving motor (19) is fixedly arranged on the right side of the rear end face of the movable plate (15), the rear end of the first rotating shaft (18) is in power connection with the driving motor (19), the front end of the first rotating shaft (18) is in rotary connection with the front end wall of the mounting space (16), three scraping plates (21) are circumferentially distributed on the shaft body of the first rotating shaft (18), a second rotating shaft (22) in the front-rear direction is arranged on the left side of the inside of the mounting space (16), the second rotating shaft (22) penetrates through the front end wall of the mounting space (16), the front end wall of the second rotating shaft (22) is in rotary connection with the front end wall of the front end wall (16) of the first rotating shaft (16), the shaft bodies of the first rotating shaft (18) and the second rotating shaft (22) which are positioned in the transmission space (17) are in transmission connection through a first transmission belt (23), the shaft body of the second rotating shaft (22) which is positioned in the installation space (16) is fixedly sleeved with reinforcing ribs (24), and a plurality of shearing blades (25) are uniformly distributed on the shaft body of the reinforcing ribs (24) in circumference.
4. The automatic straw crushing device for preparing biological seedling raising substrates according to claim 3, wherein: the utility model discloses a shovel of mobile carrier (1), including back end wall, drive cavity (27) and shovel board (29) are connected in a fixed mode, the left end face downside of mobile carrier (1) is provided with opening swinging groove (26) left, the inside transmission cavity (27) that is provided with of back end wall of swinging groove (26), the inside right-hand member downside of swinging groove (26) is provided with third pivot (28) of fore-and-aft direction, the front end of third pivot (28) is connected with the front end wall rotation of swinging groove (26), the back end of third pivot (28) passes the back end wall of swinging groove (26) and rotates with the back end wall of transmission cavity (27) to be connected, the lower extreme of threaded rod (11) passes the lower end wall of lifting groove (9) and extends into transmission cavity (27), the lower extreme fixedly connected with of threaded rod (11) is horizontal bevel gear, the inside of transmission cavity (27) still is provided with vertical bevel gear, and vertical bevel gear passes through the fixed cover in central point of third pivot (28) on the axis, meshing transmission between horizontal bevel gear and the vertical bevel gear, the inside of swinging groove (26) is provided with board (29), board (29) is connected in a fixed connection with the shovel board (29) left end of swinging groove (29).
5. The automatic straw crushing device for preparing biological seedling substrates according to claim 4, wherein: the crushing mechanism (5) comprises a crushing space (32) positioned at the middle position inside the movable carrier (1), a power shell (33) is arranged at the position, corresponding to the crushing space (32), of the front end face of the movable carrier (1), a power space (34) is arranged inside the power shell (33), a high torque motor (53) is fixedly arranged on the left side of the front end wall of the power space (34), a fourth rotating shaft (35) is connected with the rear end of the high torque motor (53) in a power mode, the rear end of the fourth rotating shaft (35) penetrates through the rear end wall of the power space (34) and is in rotary connection with the rear end wall of the crushing space (32), a first roller rod (36) is fixedly sleeved on a shaft body of the fourth rotating shaft (35) positioned in the crushing space (32), a fifth rotating shaft (37) in the front-rear direction is arranged on the right side inside the crushing space (32), the rear end of the fifth rotating shaft (37) is in rotary connection with the rear end wall of the crushing space (32), the front end of the fifth rotating shaft (37) penetrates through the front end wall of the crushing space (32) and extends forward into the fifth rotating shaft (37) and is positioned in the second roller rod (38), the gear sleeve on the left side is arranged on the shaft body of the fourth rotating shaft (35), the gear on the right side is fixedly arranged at the front end of the fifth rotating shaft (37), the gears on the left side and the right side are meshed for transmission, and a plurality of rubbing boards are circumferentially staggered on the rod bodies of the first roller rod (36) and the second roller rod (38).
6. The automatic straw crushing device for preparing biological seedling substrates according to claim 5, wherein: the utility model discloses a crushing device, including crushing space (32), outer space, crushing space (32), feed inlet (39) that the upper end wall department of crushing space (32) is provided with opening upwards, feed inlet (39) intercommunication crushing space (32) and outer space, the lower end wall department of crushing space (32) is provided with opening downward and discharge gate (40) that incline to the right, discharge gate (40) intercommunication crushing space (32) and outer space.
7. The automatic straw crushing device for preparing biological seedling substrates according to claim 6, wherein: the conveying mechanism (4) comprises a conveying channel (41) positioned in the moving carrier (1), the left end of the conveying channel (41) is communicated with a swinging groove (26), the right end of the conveying channel (41) is communicated with a feeding hole (39), a transmission groove (42) parallel to the conveying channel (41) is formed in the lower end wall of the conveying channel (41), the transmission groove (42) is communicated with the conveying channel (41), a driven shaft (43) is arranged on the left side of the inside of the transmission groove (42), the front end and the rear end of the driven shaft (43) are respectively connected with the front end wall and the rear end wall of the transmission groove (42) in a rotating mode, a driving shaft (44) is arranged on the right side of the inside of the transmission groove (42), the rear end of the driving shaft (44) is connected with the rear end wall of the transmission groove (42) in a rotating mode, the front end of the driving shaft (44) penetrates through the front end wall of the transmission groove (42) and is connected with the front end wall of the power space (34) in a rotating mode, a conveying belt (45) is arranged between the driving shaft (44) and the driven shaft (43) in a sleeved mode, and the driving belt (45) is distributed in the front direction and the rear direction of the front end of the driving belt (45) in a plurality of directions.
8. The automatic straw crushing device for preparing biological seedling raising substrates according to claim 7, wherein: the driving shaft (44) is in transmission connection with the shaft body of the fourth rotating shaft (35) through a second transmission belt (47).
9. The automatic straw crushing device for preparing biological seedling raising substrates according to claim 8, wherein: the inside right side of remove carrier (1) is provided with ascending stock solution chamber (48) of opening, evenly be provided with a plurality of dropping liquid mouths (49) in the upper end wall department fore-and-aft direction of discharge gate (40), dropping liquid mouthful (49) all communicate discharge gate (40) and stock solution chamber (48), the inside of dropping liquid mouthful (49) all is provided with automatically controlled valve (50), and straw fermentation additive is equipped with to the inside in stock solution chamber (48).
10. The automatic straw crushing device for preparing biological seedling raising substrates according to claim 9, wherein: the film covering mechanism (6) comprises connecting plates (51) which are symmetrically arranged at the front and back of the lower side of the right end face of the movable carrier (1), rotating shafts (52) are detachably arranged between the connecting plates (51) at the front and back sides, the front and back ends of the rotating shafts (52) are respectively connected with the connecting plates (51) at the front and back sides in a rotating mode, and film rolls are sleeved on shaft bodies of the rotating shafts (52).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310768386.XA CN116686536A (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Automatic straw smashing device for biological seedling substrate preparation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310768386.XA CN116686536A (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Automatic straw smashing device for biological seedling substrate preparation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116686536A true CN116686536A (en) | 2023-09-05 |
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ID=87825607
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310768386.XA Withdrawn CN116686536A (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Automatic straw smashing device for biological seedling substrate preparation |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116686536A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118947343A (en) * | 2024-10-18 | 2024-11-15 | 安徽省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Crop straw treatment device |
-
2023
- 2023-06-26 CN CN202310768386.XA patent/CN116686536A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118947343A (en) * | 2024-10-18 | 2024-11-15 | 安徽省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Crop straw treatment device |
| CN118947343B (en) * | 2024-10-18 | 2024-12-20 | 安徽省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Crop straw treatment device |
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