CN116678875B - Alcohol degree detection method and device based on gold nanoparticle self-assembly system - Google Patents

Abstract

An alcoholic strength detection method and device based on a gold nanoparticle self-assembly system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: respectively adding white spirit to be detected into a plurality of detection systems, wherein each detection system in the plurality of detection systems comprises gold nanoparticles and potassium salt, and the quality of the potassium salt in each detection system is different; after the white spirit to be detected is contacted with the detection system, the alcohol degree of the white spirit to be detected is judged based on the color change of a plurality of parts of the detection system. According to the invention, the alcoholic strength range of the white spirit can be rapidly identified according to the color of one or more detection systems after white spirit to be detected is added, the detection time is usually about half a minute, and the white spirit detection method has the advantages of high sensitivity, simplicity in operation, low preparation cost and wide application value in market supervision of the white spirit.

Description

Alcohol content detection method and device based on gold nanoparticle self-assembly system

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of alcohol content detection, and specifically relates to an alcohol content detection method and device based on a gold nanoparticle self-assembly system.

Background technique

Liquor is a mainstream distilled liquor on the market. It uses koji and distiller's sake as saccharification fermentation agents, starch or sugar as raw materials, and is brewed through cooking, saccharification, fermentation, distillation, aging, blending and other steps. Alcohol content is an important indicator in the production and sales process of liquor, which represents the volume percentage of ethanol in liquor. The alcohol content of currently commercially available liquor is mainly between 18 and 78 degrees. According to the alcohol content, it can be roughly divided into low, medium, high and extra high.

The alcohol content of liquor affects the taste of liquor. The alcohol content detection of liquor is very important in production, sales and market supervision. The traditional detection methods of liquor alcohol content mainly include specific gravity method, chromatography, infrared spectroscopy, etc. In recent years, some new alcohol detection methods have gradually become popular, including alcohol detection test strips using fluorescent nanometers. However, these liquor alcohol detection methods have cumbersome detection steps and long waiting times for detection results, making it difficult to achieve efficient and large-scale differentiation.

Contents of the invention

One object of the present invention is to provide an alcohol content detection method based on a gold nanoparticle self-assembly system. This method is based on the inventor's team's research on the selective self-assembly of gold nanoparticles, using gold nanoparticles in different contents of ethanol and salt. Different amounts of one-dimensional linear assembly produce different colors. After mixing liquor with a specific alcohol content with gold nanoparticles and salt, the current alcohol content range of the liquor can be quickly detected, thereby achieving efficient, rapid and large-scale testing. Determine the alcohol content of the liquor to be tested.

The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

The alcohol content detection method based on the self-assembly system of gold nanoparticles includes the following steps:

The liquor to be detected is added to several detection systems respectively, each detection system in the several detection systems includes gold nanoparticles and potassium salt, and the potassium salt in each detection system has different qualities;

After the liquor to be tested comes into contact with the detection system, the alcohol content of the liquor to be detected is determined based on the color changes of several portions of the detection system;

Wherein, the gold nanoparticles are synthesized by citric acid reduction method.

In this technical solution, the gold nanoparticles are spherical gold nanoparticles synthesized using the existing citric acid reduction method. Specifically, chloroauric acid can be added to boiling pure water, and then sodium citrate can be quickly added, and the heating temperature can be adjusted to keep it in a boiling and stirring state and react for a period of time, such as 20 to 30 minutes, until the color of the solution changes to wine. When red, it indicates that gold nanosphere particles have been generated in the solution, the reaction is completed, and the primary product of gold nanoparticles is obtained after cooling. Subsequently, centrifugation is performed, and the supernatant containing excess by-products is poured out. The gold nanoparticles at the bottom are placed in a new centrifuge tube, and pure water is added to the volume to obtain gold nanoparticles.

In this technical solution, each detection system includes a certain amount of gold nanoparticles and potassium salt. The potassium salt may be potassium nitrate, potassium chloride or other potassium salts. Preferably, the potassium salt is potassium nitrate. The mechanism of self-assembly of gold nanoparticles is as follows: When gold nanoparticles use different ethanol contents as solvents, driven by electrostatic forces, single gold nanoparticles appear in one-dimensional linear assembly. When the number of gold nanoparticles in the assembled state is small and the chain length is short, the entire mixture appears red. As the number of individual gold nanoparticles decreases, the number of gold nanoparticles in the assembled state increases, and the chain length increases, the overall mixture appears red. The color changes from red to burgundy, purple, blue, and dark blue.

Factors that affect the number of gold nanoparticle assembly states include the ethanol content in the alcohol and the potassium salt content in the system. Therefore, in this technical solution, when the ethanol content in the liquor to be detected is unknown, the liquor is added to one or more detection systems. Since the gold nanoparticle content in each detection system is the same and the potassium salt content is different, in the liquor After addition, the different qualities of potassium salt in each detection system will cause the same liquor to be tested to show a specific color in different detection systems.

For example, when 38-degree liquor is added to a detection system with 300 μL gold nanoparticles and 80 μL potassium nitrate at a concentration of 0.5 mol/L, the detection system will turn red after the liquor is fully in contact with the detection system; when 38-degree liquor is added When the volume of potassium nitrate in the detection system is 100 μL, the detection system appears purple; when the volume of potassium nitrate in the detection system of 38-degree liquor is 120 μL, the detection system appears blue.

Similarly, when 56-degree liquor is added to a detection system with 300 μL gold nanoparticles and 80 μL potassium nitrate at a concentration of 0.5 mol/L, the detection system turns purple after the liquor fully contacts the detection system; and when 56-degree liquor When the volume of potassium nitrate added to the detection system is 100 μL and 120 μL, the detection system turns blue.

Based on the characteristics of color development, in this technical solution, a detection system can be used for judgment. For example, it can be judged by whether a detection system with 300 μL gold nanoparticles, 80 μL potassium nitrate, and a concentration of 0.5 mol/L appears red after adding white wine. Determine whether it is a low-alcohol liquor, whether it is purple to determine whether it is a medium-alcohol liquor, and whether it is blue to determine whether it is a high-alcohol liquor.

In this technical solution, multiple detection systems can also be combined to further improve the accuracy of judgment. For example, two or more detection systems can be set up. The potassium salt quality of each detection system is different, so that after the liquor to be tested is added, taking three detection systems as an example, the detection system group can show red-purple-blue, purple -Blue-blue, blue-blue-blue distinction, allowing inspectors to quickly and efficiently judge the current alcohol content of liquor.

Through the above detection method, the alcohol content range of liquor can be quickly identified based on the color of one or more detection systems after adding the liquor to be detected. The detection time is usually about half a minute, and its sensitivity is high and the operation is It is simple, has low preparation cost and has wide application value in the market supervision of liquor.

Further, the molar ratio of the gold nanoparticles to the potassium salt is 0.04 to 0.02. In this technical solution, if the ratio of gold nanoparticles to potassium salt is too high, it will not only increase the detection cost, but also result in insufficient potassium salt in the system to assemble the gold nanoparticles, so the color change in the system will not be obvious enough; conversely, , if the ratio of gold nanoparticles to potassium salt is too low, the gold nanoparticles in the system will be easier to assemble, and the detection system will easily appear blue or dark blue, which is not conducive to distinguishing the alcohol content range by color. Therefore, in this technical solution, the molar ratio of gold nanoparticles to potassium salt is 0.04 to 0.02. Preferably, the molar ratio of gold nanoparticles to potassium salt is 0.0375 to 0.025.

Further, among the several detection systems, the molar ratio of potassium salts in the detection system with the largest potassium salt mass and the detection system with the smallest potassium salt mass is 1.2 to 2.0. When there are at least two detection systems, the potassium salt content of the two detection systems should not be too close, otherwise it will be difficult to judge the color difference of the detection systems with the naked eye.

As a preferred arrangement of the detection system group in the present invention, the several detection systems include three detection systems, and the molar ratio of potassium salts in the three detection systems is 4:5:6. In this technical solution, the detection system group includes three detection systems, the three detection systems have the same content of gold nanoparticles, and the molar ratio of potassium salt is 4:5:6.

Furthermore, within 120 seconds after the liquor to be detected comes into contact with the detection system, the alcohol content of the liquor to be detected is determined based on the color changes of several portions of the detection system. As the contact time increases, the number of individual gold nanoparticles in the detection system that transition to the assembled state will increase, and the overall color of the detection system will tend to be darker blue, affecting the judgment of color. Therefore, in this technical solution, preferably, the detection is completed within two minutes, and further preferably, the detection is completed within one minute.

Further, the volume of the liquor to be detected added to each detection system is 0.05-4.00 mL.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a detection device based on any of the aforementioned alcohol content detection methods based on a gold nanoparticle self-assembly system.

Specifically, the detection device includes one or more detection units, the one or more detection units include gold nanoparticles and potassium salts, and the potassium salts in each detection unit have different qualities.

In this technical solution, one or more detection units included in the detection device form one or more detection systems in the detection method. Each detection unit includes gold nanoparticles and potassium salt. The quality of potassium salt in different detection units different. When in use, add the liquor to be detected into each detection unit respectively and observe the discoloration of the detection system in the detection unit to identify the alcohol content range of the liquor to be detected.

In practical applications, the detection device can be arranged in various ways. In some preferred embodiments, the detection device is arranged in the form of a test board. Specifically, the detection device includes a bottom plate, and several accommodation cavities are provided on the bottom plate. The accommodation cavities are used to place detection units, and the detection units include sample pads loaded with gold nanoparticles and potassium salts.

In this technical solution, the detection system is solid before adding liquor, making it more convenient to carry. One or more receiving chambers are provided on the bottom plate of the detection device, and a sample pad is provided in the receiving chambers. The sample pad preferably uses a glass cellulose film. The glass cellulose film is soaked in a gold nanoparticle solution and a potassium salt solution and then dried to obtain a sample pad loaded with gold nanoparticles and potassium salt.

During use, the liquor to be detected is added dropwise into each chamber to react with the dissolution of gold nanoparticles and potassium salts on the sample pad. The alcohol content range of the liquor to be detected is judged by observing the color change of the sample pad.

In some preferred embodiments, the detection device includes a placement rack, and several detection units are provided on the placement rack. The detection units include centrifuge tubes, and gold nanoparticles and potassium salts are placed in the centrifuge tubes.

In this technical solution, the detection system is liquid before adding liquor, and the contact and mixing of the detection system are more complete. The detection device includes a placement rack, and one or more detection units are provided on the placement rack. The detection unit is a centrifuge tube containing gold nanoparticle solution and potassium salt solution.

When in use, dropwise add the liquor to be detected into each centrifuge tube, shake well and record the color of the detection system, and rely on one or more detection systems to determine the alcohol content range of the liquor to be detected.

In some preferred embodiments, the detection device includes a first plate and a second plate, and the first plate and the second plate together form a plurality of cavities for placing detection units, and the detection units include detection bottles, and the A separation film and a piercing member are provided in the detection bottle. One side of the separation film is used to load gold nanoparticles and potassium salts, and the other side is used to load the liquor to be detected. The piercing member is used to connect the first plate and the second plate. The plates pierce the separating membrane as they move toward each other.

In this technical solution, the detection device includes a first plate and a second plate that can move toward each other. Each of the first plate and the second plate is provided with a one-to-one corresponding groove. When the first plate and the second plate are engaged, The cavity formed by the groove is used to place each detection unit.

In this technical solution, the detection unit includes a detection bottle, and a separation film is provided in the detection bottle to divide the internal space of the detection bottle into two parts, and both parts can be connected to the outside through the cover. For example, one end of the detection bottle is a first cover, and the internal space between the first cover and the separation film is used to place gold nanoparticles and potassium salt solution. The other end of the detection bottle is a second cover, and the second cover is The internal space between it and the dividing membrane is used to place the liquor to be detected.

The first cover body and/or the second cover body are provided with a piercing piece. The piercing piece can be acted upon by an external force. For example, a pressing piece can be provided in the groove of the second plate to push the piercing piece to move in the vertical direction. , and then pierce the separation film, making the spaces on both sides of the separation film connected, and the liquor to be detected comes into contact with gold nanoparticles and potassium salt solution to develop color.

During use, the liquor to be tested can be placed in multiple testing bottles, and the potassium salts in each testing bottle have different qualities. In the process of the second plate and the first plate moving toward each other, the piercing member pierces the separation film under the action of the second plate, so that the substances on both sides of the separation film begin to contact at the same time and gradually develop color. The simultaneous puncture of the separator membrane and the simultaneous mixing of the detection system using the puncture piece can further improve the accuracy of the detection results.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. The present invention can quickly identify the alcohol content range of liquor based on the color of one or more detection systems after adding the liquor to be detected. The detection time is usually about half a minute, and it has high sensitivity and simple operation. , low preparation cost, and has wide application value in the market supervision of liquor;

2. By setting the molar ratio of gold nanoparticles to potassium salt to 0.04-0.02, the present invention not only reduces the detection cost, but also helps to improve the difference in coloration and further improves the accuracy of judging the alcohol content range;

3. The present invention sets up three detection systems and the molar ratio of potassium salts in the three detection systems is 4:5:6, so that the detection system group can effectively distinguish low-alcohol, medium-alcohol and high-alcohol liquor without setting up Excessive detection systems improve detection efficiency and detection accuracy.

Description of the drawings

The drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation to the embodiments of the present invention. In the attached picture:

Figure 1 is a flow chart of an alcohol content detection method in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is an ultraviolet absorption diagram of three different groups of detection systems after adding liquor in a specific embodiment of the present invention, in which the abscissa is the wavelength and the ordinate is the absorbance;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an alcohol content detection device in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another alcohol content detection device in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another alcohol content detection device in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection bottle of another alcohol content detection device in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 7 shows the color development of each detection system after adding liquor with different alcohol contents in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

Marks and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings:

11-Bottom plate, 12-Accommodating chamber, 13-Sample pad, 14-Short column, 21-Placement rack, 22-Centrifuge tube, 31-First plate, 32-Second plate, 33-Extrusion piece, 4-Detection Bottle, 41-bottle body, 42-first cover body, 43-second cover body, 44-moving part, 45-slider, 46-spring, 47-piercing part, 48-separating film.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples and drawings. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are only used to explain the present invention and do not as a limitation of the invention.

All raw materials of the present invention have no particular restrictions on their sources. They can be purchased in the market or prepared according to conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.

All raw materials in the present invention have no special restrictions on their purity. The present invention preferably adopts analytical purity or conventional purity requirements in the field of alcohol content detection.

All raw materials of the present invention, their brands and abbreviations are conventional brands and abbreviations in this field. Each brand and abbreviation are clear and unambiguous in the field of its relevant use. Those skilled in the art can according to the brand names, abbreviations and corresponding uses. It is purchased from the market or prepared by conventional methods.

Example 1:

The alcohol content detection method based on the gold nanoparticle self-assembly system shown in Figure 1 includes the following steps:

The liquor to be detected is added to several detection systems respectively, each detection system in the several detection systems includes gold nanoparticles and potassium salt, and the potassium salt in each detection system has different qualities;

After the liquor to be tested comes into contact with the detection system, the alcohol content of the liquor to be detected is determined based on the color changes of several portions of the detection system;

Wherein, the gold nanoparticles are synthesized by citric acid reduction method.

In this technical solution, as shown in Figure 2, there is a sharp absorption peak around 520nm. This peak is the ultraviolet absorption peak of a single gold nanoparticle. When the gold nanoparticles begin to appear in one-dimensional linear assembly, they will appear at 650-700nm. Assembly peak, the smaller the wavelength of the assembly peak, the shorter the chain. It can be seen that for 38-degree liquor, as the content of potassium nitrate added increases, the number of gold nanoparticles in the assembled state will increase, and the detection system will accordingly show red (80 μL potassium nitrate), purple (100 μL nitric acid Potassium) and blue (120μL potassium nitrate), thereby enabling the rapid determination of the alcohol content range of the liquor to be detected based on the color difference of the detection system.

In some embodiments, a detection system can be used for judgment. For example, a detection system of 300 μL gold nanoparticles, 80 μL potassium nitrate, and a concentration of 0.5 mol/L can be used to determine whether it is low after adding white wine. For liquor with a high strength, whether it appears purple will determine whether it is a medium-strength liquor, and whether it will appear blue will determine whether it is a high-strength liquor. In one or more embodiments, the alcohol content of liquor can be judged more accurately by setting a color comparison card.

In some embodiments, multiple detection systems can be combined to further improve the accuracy of judgment. For example, three detection systems can be set up. The detection system group can show the distinction of red-purple-blue, purple-blue-blue, and blue-blue-blue, allowing the inspector to quickly and efficiently determine the alcohol content of the current liquor. make judgments.

In some preferred embodiments, the molar ratio of the gold nanoparticles to the potassium salt is 0.04-0.02. Preferably, the molar ratio of the gold nanoparticles to the potassium salt is 0.0375-0.025.

In some embodiments, among the several detection systems, the molar ratio of potassium salts in the detection system with the largest potassium salt mass and the detection system with the smallest potassium salt mass is 1.2 to 2.0.

In some embodiments, the plurality of detection systems include three detection systems, and the molar ratio of potassium salts in the three detection systems is 4:5:6. For example, in a detection system with a concentration of 0.5 mol/L, the potassium salts of the three detection systems are 80 μL, 100 μL, and 120 μL respectively. This detection system set can effectively distinguish low-alcohol, medium-alcohol and high-alcohol liquor without setting up too many detection systems, improving detection efficiency and accuracy.

In some embodiments, within 120 seconds after the liquor to be detected comes into contact with the detection system, the alcohol content of the liquor to be detected is determined based on the color changes of several portions of the detection system. Preferably, detection is completed within 60 seconds.

In one or more embodiments, the volume of the liquor to be detected added to each detection system is 0.05-4.00 mL.

In this embodiment, the alcohol content range of the liquor can be quickly identified based on the color of one or more detection systems after adding the liquor to be detected. The detection time is usually about half a minute, and its sensitivity is high and the operation is It is simple, has low preparation cost and has wide application value in the market supervision of liquor.

Example 2:

On the basis of Example 1, the alcohol content detection device based on the self-assembly system of gold nanoparticles as shown in Figure 3 includes three detection units. The three detection units all include gold nanoparticles and potassium salt, and each detection unit The quality of the potassium salt in the unit is different; the detection device includes a bottom plate 11, which is provided with a number of accommodation chambers 12. The accommodation chambers 12 are used to place detection units. The detection units include gold nanoparticles loaded and Potassium salt sample pad 13.

During use, the liquor to be detected is added dropwise into each chamber to react with the dissolution of gold nanoparticles and potassium salts on the sample pad. The alcohol content range of the liquor to be detected is judged by observing the color change of the sample pad.

In one or more embodiments, as shown in Figure 3, a number of short columns supported below the sample pad are also provided in the accommodation cavity, so that there is enough space below the sample pad to accommodate part of the liquor to be detected, which not only avoids After the liquor is dripped, it overflows or splashes out of the containing cavity, allowing the liquor to fully contact the detection system and improving the color development effect.

In some preferred embodiments, a dripping unit for the liquor to be detected is also included. The dripping unit can use droppers, pipettes and other equipment to ensure that the amount of liquor added in each detection unit is the same to improve the accuracy of the results. .

In some preferred embodiments, a timing unit is further included, and the timing unit is used to prompt that the comparison is completed within a specified time.

In some preferred embodiments, it also includes a collection unit, which is used to collect pictures of the detection results for subsequent data storage and comparison.

In some embodiments, the number of detection units may be one or two, or there may be more than four. In one or more embodiments, one or more detection units may be used as a group, and multiple groups of detection units may be provided.

Example 3:

On the basis of the above embodiments, the alcohol content detection device based on the self-assembly system of gold nanoparticles as shown in Figure 4 includes a placement rack 21, and three detection units are provided on the placement rack 21. The detection unit includes a centrifugal Tube 22, gold nanoparticles and potassium salt are placed in the centrifuge tube 22.

When in use, dropwise add the liquor to be detected into each centrifuge tube, shake well and record the color of the detection system, and rely on one or more detection systems to determine the alcohol content range of the liquor to be detected.

In some embodiments, the number of detection units may be one or two, or there may be more than four. In one or more embodiments, one or more detection units may be used as a group, and multiple groups of detection units may be provided.

Example 4:

Based on the above embodiments, the alcohol content detection device based on the self-assembly system of gold nanoparticles as shown in Figures 5 and 6 includes a first plate 31 and a second plate 32. The plates 32 together constitute three cavities for placing detection units. The detection units include a detection bottle 4. A separation film 48 and a puncture member 47 are provided inside the detection bottle 4. One side of the separation film 48 is used for loading. Gold nanoparticles and potassium salt are used to load the liquor to be detected on the other side. The puncture member 47 is used to puncture the separation film 48 when the first plate 31 and the second plate 32 move toward each other.

During use, the liquor to be tested can be placed in multiple testing bottles, and the potassium salts in each testing bottle have different qualities. In the process of the second plate and the first plate moving toward each other, the piercing member pierces the separation film under the action of the second plate, so that the substances on both sides of the separation film begin to contact at the same time and gradually develop color. The simultaneous puncture of the separator membrane and the simultaneous mixing of the detection system using the puncture piece can further improve the accuracy of the detection results.

In one or more embodiments, a moving part is provided on the first cover or the second cover, and a slider 45 is connected to the moving part. The slider 45 is located on the inner wall of the first cover or the second cover. in the chute, so the moving part can move vertically up and down along the cover. A spring is also provided on the slider. When it is not squeezed by the extrusion part on the second plate, the moving part maintains its initial position under the action of the spring. The piercing part does not pierce the separation film. When the second plate is extruded When the moving part is pressed by the moving part, the moving part moves against the force of the spring, so that the piercing part pierces the separation film. When the extrusion part no longer continues to exert extrusion force on the moving part, the moving part is reset under the action of the spring, and the puncture part is removed from the puncture hole formed on the separation film, which is conducive to full contact between the liquids on both sides of the separation film.

In some embodiments, the number of detection units may be one or two, or there may be more than four. In one or more embodiments, one or more detection units may be used as a group, and multiple groups of detection units may be provided.

Example 5:

Using the detection device in Example 3, three groups of detection systems were set up, wherein the gold nanoparticles in the three groups of detection systems were 1.5x 10 ^-6 mol, the concentration of potassium nitrate was 0.5 mol/L, and the volumes were respectively 80 μL, 100 μL and 120μL, contact time is 15 seconds.

As shown in Figure 7, after adding 38-degree white wine, the three detection systems showed red (80 μL potassium nitrate), purple (100 μL potassium nitrate), and blue (120 μL potassium nitrate) respectively; after adding 56-degree white wine , the three groups of detection systems respectively show purple (80μL potassium nitrate), blue (100μL potassium nitrate) and blue (120μL potassium nitrate). After adding 68-degree liquor, all three groups of detection systems showed blue color. It can be seen that by combining the color development of different detection systems, the alcohol content range of the liquor to be detected can be determined within 15 seconds. Its high sensitivity and simple operation are conducive to the rapid real-time detection of liquor alcohol content by market supervision departments.

The terms "first", "second", etc. (such as the first plate, the second plate, the first cover, the second cover, etc.) used in this article are only used to distinguish the corresponding components for the sake of clarity of description, and do not intend to In limiting any order or emphasizing importance, etc. In addition, the term "connection" used herein may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through other components unless otherwise specified.

The above-mentioned specific embodiments further describe the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above-mentioned are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The alcohol content detection method based on the self-assembly system of gold nanoparticles is characterized by including the following steps: The liquor to be detected is added to several detection systems respectively. Each detection system in the several detection systems includes gold nanoparticles and potassium salts, and the potassium salts in each detection system have different qualities, wherein, The molar ratio of the gold nanoparticles to the potassium salt is 0.04~0.02. Among the several detection systems, the molar ratio of the potassium salt of the detection system with the largest potassium salt mass and the detection system with the smallest potassium salt mass is 1.2~2.0; Within 120 seconds of contact between the liquor to be detected and the detection system, the alcohol content of the liquor to be detected is determined based on the color changes of several portions of the detection system; Wherein, the gold nanoparticles are synthesized by citric acid reduction method. 2. The alcohol content detection method based on the gold nanoparticle self-assembly system according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of detection systems include three detection systems, and the moles of potassium salts in the three detection systems The ratio is 4:5:6. 3. The alcohol content detection method based on the gold nanoparticle self-assembly system according to claim 1, characterized in that the volume of the liquor to be detected added to each detection system is 0.05~4.00 mL. 4. Alcohol content detection device based on gold nanoparticle self-assembly system, characterized in that it is used for the detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the detection device includes several detection units, and the detection device includes Several detection units form several detection systems in the detection method. The detection units include gold nanoparticles and potassium salts, and the potassium salts in each detection unit have different qualities. 5. The alcohol content detection device based on the self-assembly system of gold nanoparticles according to claim 4, characterized in that it includes a bottom plate (11), and a plurality of accommodation cavities (12) are provided on the bottom plate (11). The accommodation cavity (12) is used to place a detection unit, which also includes a sample pad (13) loaded with gold nanoparticles and potassium salt. 6. The alcohol content detection device based on the self-assembly system of gold nanoparticles according to claim 4, characterized in that it includes a placement frame (21), and several detection units are provided on the placement frame (21). The unit also includes a centrifuge tube (22) in which gold nanoparticles and potassium salt are placed. 7. The alcohol content detection device based on the gold nanoparticle self-assembly system according to claim 4, characterized in that it includes a first plate (31) and a second plate (32), the first plate (31) and the second plate (32). The second plates (32) together form a number of cavities for placing detection units. The detection units also include detection bottles (4). The detection bottles (4) are provided with a separation film (48) and a puncture piece (47). ), one side of the separation membrane (48) is used to load gold nanoparticles and potassium salts, and the other side is used to load the liquor to be detected, and the piercing member (47) is used to connect the first plate (31) and the second The plates (32) pierce the separating membrane (48) when moving towards each other.