CN116647166A - A solar photovoltaic power generation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and specifically relates to a solar photovoltaic power generation device, including a photovoltaic fixing plate; a servo motor is fixedly connected to the top of the photovoltaic fixing plate; a support frame is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor; The top of the support frame is hinged with a placement plate; the interior of the placement plate is equipped with a solar panel; the bottom end of the photovoltaic fixed plate is fixedly connected with a floating plate; On the water surface, solar photovoltaic power generation equipment can be built on the lake, reducing the waste of the area in the lake. Using the output end of the servo motor to rotate, and the output end of the electric telescopic cylinder to expand and contract, the energy absorption angle and orientation of the solar panel can be adjusted. Relying on the counterweight to hang down in the water, it plays the role of positioning and placing the solar panel. Using multiple groups of waterwheels to rotate, it has the effect of displacing the photovoltaic fixed plate. The role of splicing and building multiple devices.

Description

A solar photovoltaic power generation device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and specifically relates to solar photovoltaic power generation equipment.

Background technique

Solar photovoltaic power generation is based on the principle of photovoltaic effect, relying on solar cells to directly convert sunlight into electrical energy. Solar energy is an inexhaustible renewable energy with sufficient cleanliness, absolute safety, and resources. Sufficiency and potential economy and other advantages.

Solar photovoltaic power generation equipment is generally composed of three parts: solar panels, controllers and inverters. The main components will be composed of electronic components. photovoltaic power generation equipment.

With the development of the modern photovoltaic industry, there are a lot of photovoltaic power stations on land, but the construction of photovoltaic power stations on land will permanently occupy land, while the construction of photovoltaic power stations in water is less, and most of the lakes will breed some fish, and most of the water surface is in the idle state, resulting in a large area of resources being wasted.

Therefore, the present invention provides a solar photovoltaic power generation device.

Contents of the invention

In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background art is solved.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a solar photovoltaic power generation device according to the present invention, comprising a photovoltaic fixed plate; a servo motor is fixedly connected to the top of the photovoltaic fixed plate; the output end of the servo motor There is a support frame fixed; the top of the support frame is hinged with a placement plate; the inside of the placement plate is installed with a solar panel; the bottom end of the photovoltaic fixed plate is fixed with a floating plate; the top of the photovoltaic fixed plate is fixed It is connected to the limit component, which is used to limit the placement of the board; it plays the role of building a photovoltaic power station in the lake, and can adapt to the photovoltaic power generation of solar panels in multiple directions, reducing the waste of the area in the lake.

Preferably, the limit assembly includes a limit frame, a limit slide, an electric telescopic cylinder, a hinge plate and a dustproof plate; the limit frame is fixed on the top of the photovoltaic fixed plate; the limit slide is slidably connected to The outside of the limit frame; the electric telescopic cylinder is affixed to the top of the limit slide plate; the hinged plate is affixed to the output end of the electric telescopic cylinder, and the hinged plate is hinged to place the plate away from the outside of the support frame; the dustproof The plate is fixed on the outside of the limit slide, and the dustproof plate is located above the limit frame; the energy absorption angle of the solar panel is adjusted and tilted, which can absorb light energy adaptively and play a role in adjusting the energy absorption angle of the solar panel , the dustproof plate is fixed on the top of the limit frame, which plays a role in blocking the entry of impurities inside the limit frame.

Preferably, the bottom end of the floating plate is fixedly connected with a fixed tube, and there are multiple sets of fixed tubes; the inside of the fixed tube is slidably connected with a sliding rod through a No. 1 spring; the bottom end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected with a Counterweight; it can position and place the floating plate to improve the stability of energy absorption of solar photovoltaic power generation equipment.

Preferably, a transmission motor is installed inside the photovoltaic fixed plate; a No. A waterwheel is connected, and there are multiple groups of waterwheels; a No. 1 sensor is installed inside the limit frame, and the No. 1 sensor is electrically connected to the transmission motor; thereby keeping the solar panel away from the shelter and ensuring the energy absorption effect of the solar panel , when the limit slide is detached from the No. 1 sensor, the No. 1 sensor sends a signal to the transmission motor to stop working. At the same time, multiple groups of water wheels are used to rotate, which can make the waters in a flowing state and promote the uniformity of dissolved oxygen in the horizontal and vertical directions of the water body.

Preferably, a clasp is fixed on the outside of the photovoltaic fixed plate and on the side close to the No. 1 rotating rod; the inside of the photovoltaic fixed plate is slidably connected to a sliding plate; the sliding plate is fixed on the top of the photovoltaic fixed plate away from Limiting block; the inside of the limiting block is slidably connected to the limiting rod through the No. 2 spring; to realize the assembly of two photovoltaic fixed plates, a plurality of solar photovoltaic power generation equipment can be assembled in sequence, and the sliding plate can be pulled and stretched at the same time After fixing, it is possible to control the gap between multiple solar photovoltaic devices.

Preferably, a guide rail is fixedly connected to the outside of the placement plate; an electric slider is slidably connected to the outside of the guide rail; a collection box is fixed to the outside of the electric slider; a spatula is fixed to the outside of the collection box , and the shovel is attached to the surface of the solar panel; No. 2 sensor is installed inside the limit frame, and the No. 2 sensor is electrically connected to the electric slider; the outside of the collection box is provided with a blocking assembly, and the blocking assembly It is used to block and collect impurities; to reduce the adhesion of impurities on the solar panel, and then the impurities fall into the inside of the collection box, and are collected by the blocking component to reduce the impact of impurities on the surface of the solar panel and energy absorption.

Preferably, the blocking assembly includes a magnetic plate and a magnetic block; the magnetic plate is rotatably connected to the outside of the collection box away from the blade through a torsion spring; the magnetic block is fixed on the outside of the placement plate, and the magnetic block and the magnetic block When the plates are close to each other, the opposite sex can attract each other; it has the effect of collecting the scraped impurities. When the shovel scrapes off the impurities on the solar panel and resets, the magnetic block will magnetically attract the magnetic plate, so that the magnetic plate is attracted and the collection box is opened. Then the impurities in the collection box fall down, which has the effect of automatically cleaning the impurities.

Preferably, the top of the placement plate is rotatably connected to the No. 2 rotating rod; the outside of the No. 2 rotating rod is fixedly connected with fan blades, and there are multiple sets of fan blades; it plays the role of wind power generation, and at the same time, the lake is often There will be birds staying, and the use of multiple sets of fan blades to rotate can reduce the effect of birds staying on the solar photovoltaic power generation equipment.

Preferably, swing ropes are fixedly connected to the exteriors of multiple sets of fan blades; the swing ropes are made of rubber, which can reduce the approach of birds to solar photovoltaic power generation equipment, thereby reducing the impact of birds on photovoltaic power generation equipment.

Preferably, the bottom end of the shovel is provided with a groove; the inside of the shovel is fixed with a brush, and the brush is located at the groove; multiple groups of brushes clean the surface of the solar panel by friction, thereby improving the Impurity removal effect on the surface of solar panels.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

1. A kind of solar photovoltaic power generation equipment described in the present invention is fixed on the bottom end of the photovoltaic fixed plate to float on the water surface through the floating plate provided, so that the solar photovoltaic power generation equipment can be built on the lake, reducing the waste of the area in the lake, Using the rotation of the output end of the servo motor and the expansion and contraction of the output end of the electric telescopic cylinder can adjust the energy absorption angle and orientation of the solar panel, relying on the counterweight to hang down in the water to play the role of positioning the solar panel, using multiple groups The rotation of the water wheel has the effect of displacing the photovoltaic fixed plate, and the buckle is used to cooperate with the limit block to play the role of splicing and building multiple devices.

2. A kind of solar photovoltaic power generation equipment described in the present invention, through the blade that is set slides with electric slider, plays the effect of scraping off the impurity on the surface of solar panel, utilizes magnetic plate to cooperate torsion spring to block collection box, plays the role of It has the effect of collecting scraped impurities, and uses the magnetic block to attract the magnetic plate to automatically clean up the impurities. It relies on multiple sets of fan blades to rotate with the wind to achieve the effect of wind power generation, and cooperates with multiple sets of swing ropes to swing , to reduce the influence of birds staying on the equipment to photovoltaic power generation.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a photovoltaic fixing plate in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the front view of support frame among the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of blade among the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of guide rail in the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a partial structure of the blade in the second embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Photovoltaic fixed plate; 11. Servo motor; 12. Support frame; 13. Placement plate; 14. Solar panel; 15. Floating plate; 2. Limit frame; 21. Limit slide plate; 22. Electric telescopic Cylinder; 23, hinged plate; 24, dustproof plate; 3, fixed cylinder; 31, sliding rod; 32, counterweight; Ring; 51, sliding plate; 52, limit block; 53, limit rod; 6, guide rail; 61, electric slider; 62, collection box; 63, spatula; 64, No. 2 sensor; 7, magnetic plate; 71, magnetic block; 8, No. 2 rotating rod; 81, fan blade; 9, pendulum rope; 91, hair brush.

Implementation

In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

Embodiment one

As shown in Figures 1 to 5, a solar photovoltaic power generation device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a photovoltaic fixed plate 1; a servo motor 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the photovoltaic fixed plate 1; The output end is fixedly connected with a support frame 12; the top of the support frame 12 is hinged with a placement plate 13; the interior of the placement plate 13 is equipped with a solar panel 14; ; The top of the photovoltaic fixing plate 1 is fixedly connected with a limiting component, and the limiting component is used to limit the position of the placing plate 13; with the development of the modern photovoltaic industry, there are many photovoltaic power plants on land, but the construction of photovoltaic power plants on land will Permanent land occupation, but few photovoltaic power plants in the water, most of the lakes will breed some fish, and most of the water surface is in an idle state, resulting in a large area of resources being wasted. Therefore, the specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: When building solar photovoltaic power generation equipment, the solar photovoltaic power generation equipment is built in the lake, the photovoltaic fixed plate 1 is used as the main base for installing the solar panel 14, and the floating plate 15 is fixed on the bottom of the photovoltaic fixed plate 1 as a support body for floating Built in a lake, when the solar panel 14 absorbs sunlight, the output end of the servo motor 11 is used to drive the support frame 12 to rotate, and then the support frame 12 drives the solar panel 14 on the placement plate 13 to adjust the energy-absorbing orientation, and cooperate with the limit assembly Supporting and limiting the placement plate 13 plays a role in building a photovoltaic power station in the lake, and can adapt to the photovoltaic power generation of the solar panel 14 in multiple directions, reducing the waste of area in the lake.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3 and 5, the limit assembly includes a limit frame 2, a limit slide plate 21, an electric telescopic cylinder 22, a hinge plate 23 and a dustproof plate 24; the limit frame 2 is fixed On the top of the photovoltaic fixed plate 1; the limit slide 21 is slidably connected to the outside of the limit frame 2; the electric telescopic cylinder 22 is fixed on the top of the limit slide 21; the hinge plate 23 is fixed on the electric telescopic The output end of the cylinder 22, and the hinged plate 23 is hinged to place the plate 13 away from the outside of the support frame 12; the dust-proof plate 24 is fixed on the outside of the limit slide plate 21, and the dust-proof plate 24 is located above the limit frame 2; When adjusting the energy-absorbing angle of the solar panel 14, use the support frame 12 to rotate to drive the energy-absorbing orientation of the placement plate 13, and rely on the limit slide plate 21 to slide outside the limit frame 2, and the output end of the electric telescopic cylinder 22 tops The hinged plate 23 is used to make the energy absorption angle of the solar panel 14 be adjusted and tilted, which can adaptively absorb light energy and play a role in adjusting the energy absorption angle of the solar panel 14. The dustproof plate 24 is fixed on the top of the limit frame 2, It plays the role of blocking the entry of impurities inside the limit frame 2 .

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the bottom end of the floating plate 15 is fixedly connected with a fixed tube 3, and there are multiple sets of fixed tubes 3; the inside of the fixed tube 3 is slidably connected with a sliding rod 31 through a No. 1 spring ; The bottom end of the sliding rod 31 is fixedly connected with a counterweight 32; The lower part of the sliding rod 31 is counterweighted, so as the sliding rod 31 slides inside the fixed cylinder 3 through the No. 1 spring, the floating plate 15 can be positioned and placed to improve the stability of energy absorption of the solar photovoltaic power generation equipment.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3 and 5, a transmission motor is installed inside the photovoltaic fixed plate 1; a No. 1 rotating rod 4 is connected to the interior of the photovoltaic fixed board 1, and the No. 1 rotating rod 4 is connected to the transmission motor. The output end is connected; the outside of the No. 1 rotary rod 4 is fixedly connected with a water wheel 41, and there are multiple sets of water wheels 41; a No. sensor 42 is installed inside the limit frame 2, and the No. 1 sensor 42 is connected to the transmission The motor is electrically connected; when some debris blocks the energy absorption of the solar panel 14, the servo motor 11 is used to drive the limit slide 21 to rotate, and when the limit slide 21 presses on the No. 1 sensor 42, the No. 1 sensor 42 sends a signal to the transmission motor , the transmission motor drives the No. 1 rotating rod 4 to rotate thereupon, and the No. 1 rotating rod 4 drives multiple groups of waterwheels 41 to stir the water in the lake, which can drive the floating plate 15 to move, thereby keeping the solar panel 14 away from the shelter and ensuring the solar panel 14 energy absorption effect, when the limit slide 21 is separated from the No. 1 sensor 42, the No. 1 sensor 42 sends a signal to the transmission motor to stop working, and at the same time, multiple groups of waterwheels 41 are used to rotate, so that the water area is in a flowing state and promotes water quality. Dissolved oxygen is uniform in both horizontal and vertical directions.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a buckle 5 is fixedly attached to the outside of the photovoltaic fixed plate 1 and on the side close to the No. 1 rotating rod 4; the interior of the photovoltaic fixed plate 1 is slidably connected to a sliding plate 51; The top of the sliding plate 51 away from the photovoltaic fixed plate 1 is fixedly connected to the limit block 52; the inside of the limit block 52 is slidably connected to the limit rod 53 through the second spring; when assembling and constructing multiple solar photovoltaic power generation equipment, use The buckle 5 is fastened on the limit block 52 on the sliding plate 51, and when the buckle 5 is buckled, the limit rod 53 will be squeezed, and the limit rod 53 will squeeze the No. 2 spring to shrink at the same time. When buckled on the sliding plate 51, the No. 2 spring squeezes the limit rod 53 to limit the buckle 5, and realizes the assembly of the two photovoltaic fixed plates 1, and then assembles a plurality of solar photovoltaic power generation equipment in turn, and can simultaneously pull The sliding plate 51 is stretched and then fixed, which can control the gap between multiple solar photovoltaic power generation devices.

As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the outside of the placement plate 13 is fixed with a guide rail 6; the outside of the guide rail 6 is slidably connected with an electric slider 61; the outside of the electric slider 61 is fixed with a collection box 62 ; The outside of the collection box 62 is fixedly connected with a shovel 63, and the shovel 63 is attached to the surface of the solar panel 14; the inside of the limit frame 2 is equipped with a No. 2 sensor 64, and the No. 2 sensor 64 is connected to the electric slide Block 61 is electrically connected; the outside of the collection box 62 is provided with a blocking assembly, which is used to block and collect impurities; When the No. sensor 64 is on, the No. 2 sensor 64 sends a signal to the electric slider 61, and the electric slider 61 slides on the guide rail 6, and drives the spatula 63 to scrape the impurities on the solar panel 14 to reduce the impurities on the solar panel 14 Then the impurities fall into the inside of the collection box 62 and are collected by the sealing assembly to reduce the impact of impurities on the surface of the solar panel 14 for energy absorption.

The blocking assembly includes a magnetic plate 7 and a magnetic block 71; the magnetic plate 7 is rotatably connected to the outside of the collection box 62 away from the spatula 63 through a torsion spring; the magnetic block 71 is fixed on the outside of the placement plate 13, and When the magnetic block 71 and the magnetic plate 7 are close to each other, the opposite sex can attract each other; when the spatula 63 scrapes the impurities on the solar panel 14, the magnetic plate 7 is blocked on one side of the collection box 62 by a torsion spring, so as to prevent the scraped off. The effect of collecting impurities is that when the blade 63 scrapes off the impurities on the solar panel 14 and resets, the magnetic block 71 magnetically attracts the magnetic plate 7, so that the magnetic plate 7 is attracted to open the collection box 62, and then the impurities inside the box 62 are collected Falling, play the effect of automatic cleaning of impurities.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3 and 5, the top of the placement plate 13 is rotatably connected with a second rotating rod 8; a fan blade 81 is fixedly connected to the outside of the second rotating rod 8, and the fan blade 81 is provided with Multiple groups; when solar photovoltaic power generation equipment generates photovoltaic power, because the lake is relatively wide, the wind force on the lake is often greater than the wind force on the ground, and the wind on the lake is used to blow multiple sets of fan blades 81 to drive the second rotating rod 8 to rotate quickly. Electricity is generated when it rotates, which has the effect of wind power generation. At the same time, birds often stay in the lake. Using multiple sets of fan blades 81 to rotate can reduce the effect of birds staying on the solar photovoltaic power generation equipment.

The exterior of multiple sets of fan blades 81 is fixedly connected with a swing rope 9; the material of the swing rope 9 is rubber material; The pendulum rope 9 is installed on the top, and the pendulum rope 9 is used to generate deformation when swinging, thereby expanding the swinging distance, reducing the approach of birds to the solar photovoltaic power generation equipment, thereby reducing the impact of the birds on the photovoltaic power generation of the equipment.

Embodiment two

As shown in Figure 6, Comparative Example 1, wherein another embodiment of the present invention is: the bottom end of the blade 63 is provided with a groove; the inside of the blade 63 is fixed with a brush 91, and The hair brush 91 is positioned at the groove; when the blade 63 scrapes off the impurities on the solar panel 14, multiple groups of hair brushes 91 are used to be fixed on the groove of the blade 63, and while the blade 63 scrapes off the impurities, Multiple groups of brushes 91 rub and clean the surface of the solar panel 14 , thereby improving the effect of removing impurities on the surface of the solar panel 14 .

During the working process, when building the solar photovoltaic power generation equipment, the solar photovoltaic power generation equipment is built in the lake, the photovoltaic fixed plate 1 is used as the main base for the installation of the solar panel 14, and the floating plate 15 is fixed on the bottom of the photovoltaic fixed plate 1 as a support body. It is used for floating construction in the lake. When the solar panel 14 absorbs sunlight, the output end of the servo motor 11 is used to drive the support frame 12 to rotate, and then the support frame 12 drives the solar panel 14 on the placement plate 13 to adjust the energy absorption position. The limit component supports and limits the placement plate 13, plays the role of building a photovoltaic power station in the lake, and can adapt to the photovoltaic power generation of the solar panel 14 in multiple directions, reducing the waste of the area in the lake; use the support frame 12 to rotate to drive the placement plate 13 The energy-absorbing orientation, and relying on the limit slide plate 21 to slide outside the limit frame 2, the output end of the electric telescopic cylinder 22 lifts the hinge plate 23, so that the energy-absorbing angle of the solar panel 14 is adjusted and tilted, which can be adaptively absorbed The light energy plays the role of adjusting the energy absorption angle of the solar panel 14, and the dustproof plate 24 is fixed above the limit frame 2 to block the entry of impurities into the limit frame 2;

Utilize buckle 5 to be fastened on the limit block 52 place on the slide plate 51, can squeeze limit rod 53 when buckle 5 is fastened, and limit rod 53 squeezes the No. 2 spring contraction at the same time, in buckle 5 When it is fully buckled on the sliding plate 51, the No. 2 spring squeezes the limit rod 53 to limit the buckle 5 to realize the assembly of the two photovoltaic fixed plates 1, and then assemble a plurality of solar photovoltaic power generation equipment in turn, and at the same time, it can The sliding plate 51 is pulled and stretched and then fixed, which can control the gap between multiple solar photovoltaic power generation devices;

Utilize multiple sets of fixed cylinders 3 to be fixed on the bottom of the floating plate 15, and to counterweight the lower part of the sliding rod 31 with the counterweight 32, so that as the sliding rod 31 slides inside the fixed cylinder 3 through the No. 1 spring, it can Position and place the floating plate 15 to improve the energy absorption stability of the solar photovoltaic power generation equipment;

Use the servo motor 11 to drive the limit slide 21 to rotate. When the limit slide 21 presses on the No. 1 sensor 42, the No. 1 sensor 42 sends a signal to the transmission motor, and the transmission motor drives the No. 1 rotating rod 4 to rotate accordingly. Rod 4 drives multiple groups of waterwheels 41 to stir the water in the lake, which can drive floating plate 15 to move, thereby keeping solar panel 14 away from the shelter and ensuring the energy absorption effect of solar panel 14. After the 42 is on, the No. 1 sensor 42 sends a signal to the transmission motor to stop working, and utilizes multiple groups of waterwheels 41 to rotate at the same time, which can make the waters in a flowing state and promote the uniformity of dissolved oxygen in the horizontal and vertical directions of the water body;

When the limit slide plate 21 is pressed on the No. 2 sensor 64, the No. 2 sensor 64 sends a signal to the electric slider 61, and the electric slider 61 slides on the guide rail 6, and drives the blade 63 to scrape the impurities on the solar panel 14 Wipe to reduce the attachment of impurities on the solar panel 14, and then the impurities fall into the inside of the collection box 62, and are collected with a plugging assembly to reduce the attachment of impurities to the surface of the solar panel 14 and affect energy absorption; use multiple groups of brushes 91 to fix on At the groove of the spatula 63, as the spatula 63 scrapes off impurities, multiple sets of brushes 91 clean the surface of the solar panel 14 by friction, thereby improving the effect of removing impurities on the surface of the solar panel 14; The spring is blocked on one side of the collection box 62 to collect the scraped impurities. When the spatula 63 scrapes off the impurities on the solar panel 14 and resets, the magnetic block 71 is magnetically attracted to the magnetic plate 7, so that the magnetic plate 7 is adsorbed to open the collection box 62, and then the impurities inside the collection box 62 fall, which has the effect of automatically cleaning the impurities;

Use the wind on the lake to blow multiple sets of fan blades 81 to drive the second rotating rod 8 to rotate quickly, generate electricity when rotating, and play the effect of wind power generation. , can reduce the effect of flying birds staying on the solar photovoltaic power generation equipment; use the pendulum rope 9 to generate deformation when swinging, thereby expanding the swinging distance, and can reduce the approach of birds to the solar photovoltaic power generation equipment, thereby reducing the impact of birds on the photovoltaic power generation of the equipment.

The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. What are described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also have Variations and improvements are possible, which fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A solar photovoltaic power generation device, characterized in that: comprises a photovoltaic fixing plate (1); a servo motor (11) is fixedly connected to the top end of the photovoltaic fixing plate (1); the output end of the servo motor (11) is fixedly connected with a supporting frame (12); a placing plate (13) is hinged at the top end of the supporting frame (12); a solar panel (14) is arranged in the placing plate (13); a floating plate (15) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the photovoltaic fixing plate (1); the top end of the photovoltaic fixed plate (1) is fixedly connected with a limiting component, and the limiting component is used for limiting the placing plate (13).

2. A solar photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the limiting assembly comprises a limiting frame (2), a limiting sliding plate (21), an electric telescopic cylinder (22), a hinged plate (23) and a dust-proof plate (24); the limiting frame (2) is fixedly connected to the top end of the photovoltaic fixing plate (1); the limiting slide plate (21) is connected to the outside of the limiting frame (2) in a sliding manner; the electric telescopic cylinder (22) is fixedly connected to the top end of the limiting slide plate (21); the hinged plate (23) is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric telescopic cylinder (22), and the hinged plate (23) is hinged with the placing plate (13) far away from the outer part of the supporting frame (12); the dustproof plate (24) is fixedly connected to the outer portion of the limiting sliding plate (21), and the dustproof plate (24) is located above the limiting frame (2).

3. A solar photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom end of the floating plate (15) is fixedly connected with a fixed cylinder (3), and a plurality of groups of fixed cylinders (3) are arranged; the inside of the fixed cylinder (3) is connected with a sliding rod (31) in a sliding way through a spring I; the bottom end of the sliding rod (31) is fixedly connected with a balancing weight (32).

4. A solar photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: a transmission motor is arranged in the photovoltaic fixing plate (1); the inside of the photovoltaic fixed plate (1) is rotationally connected with a first rotating rod (4), and the first rotating rod (4) is connected with the output end of the transmission motor; the outside of the first rotating rod (4) is fixedly connected with a waterwheel (41), and a plurality of groups of waterwheels (41) are arranged; the inside of the limiting frame (2) is provided with a first sensor (42), and the first sensor (42) is electrically connected with the transmission motor.

5. A solar photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: a retaining ring (5) is fixedly connected to the outer part of the photovoltaic fixing plate (1) and one side, which is close to the first rotating rod (4); a sliding plate (51) is connected inside the photovoltaic fixed plate (1) in a sliding way; a limiting block (52) is fixedly connected to the top end, far away from the photovoltaic fixed plate (1), of the sliding plate (51); and a limiting rod (53) is connected inside the limiting block (52) in a sliding manner through a second spring.

6. A solar photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: the outside of the placing plate (13) is fixedly connected with a guide rail (6); an electric sliding block (61) is connected to the outside of the guide rail (6) in a sliding manner; the collecting box (62) is fixedly connected to the outer part of the electric sliding block (61); a shovel blade (63) is fixedly connected to the outside of the collecting box (62), and the shovel blade (63) is attached to the surface of the solar panel (14); a second sensor (64) is arranged in the limiting frame (2), and the second sensor (64) is electrically connected with the electric sliding block (61); the outside of collecting box (62) is provided with the shutoff subassembly, and the shutoff subassembly is used for collecting impurity shutoff.

7. A solar photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the plugging assembly comprises a magnetic plate (7) and a magnetic block (71); the magnetic plate (7) is rotationally connected to the outside of the collecting box (62) far away from the shovel blade (63) through a torsion spring; the magnetic block (71) is fixedly connected to the outside of the placement plate (13), and the magnetic block (71) and the magnetic plate (7) can be opposite to each other when being close to each other.

8. A solar photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top end of the placement plate (13) is rotatably connected with a second rotating rod (8); the outside rigid coupling of No. two bull stick (8) has flabellum (81), and flabellum (81) are provided with the multiunit.

9. A solar photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to claim 8, wherein: the outer parts of the fan blades (81) are fixedly connected with swinging ropes (9); the swinging rope (9) is made of rubber.

10. A solar photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the bottom end of the shovel blade (63) is provided with a groove; a brush (91) is fixedly connected in the scraper knife (63), and the brush (91) is positioned at the groove.