CN116602122A - Drawing device is got to flexible clamp of safflower - Google Patents
Drawing device is got to flexible clamp of safflower Download PDFInfo
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- CN116602122A CN116602122A CN202310518786.5A CN202310518786A CN116602122A CN 116602122 A CN116602122 A CN 116602122A CN 202310518786 A CN202310518786 A CN 202310518786A CN 116602122 A CN116602122 A CN 116602122A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D46/00—Picking of fruits, vegetables, hops, or the like; Devices for shaking trees or shrubs
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种红花柔性夹取拉拔装置，包括外壳、与外界吸气设备连接的负压管道及夹取机构，所述外壳内部与负压管道连通，所述夹取机构设置于外壳内部，所述外壳对应夹取机构开设有挡花口，通过所述夹取机构对进入挡花口的花丝，所述负压管道用于吸取外壳内的花丝。本发明提供了一种红花柔性夹取拉拔装置，对花丝进行柔性夹取拉拔，减低对花丝损伤率，提高采收质量。
The invention discloses a safflower flexible clamping and pulling device, which comprises a shell, a negative pressure pipeline connected with an external air suction device, and a clamping mechanism. The inside of the shell communicates with the negative pressure pipeline, and the clamping mechanism is arranged on Inside the shell, the shell is provided with a flower-retaining opening corresponding to the clamping mechanism, and the filaments entering the flower-retaining opening are controlled by the clamping mechanism, and the negative pressure pipeline is used to absorb the filaments in the shell. The invention provides a flexible clamping and pulling device for safflower, which can flexibly clamp and pull the filaments, reduce the damage rate to the filaments, and improve the harvesting quality.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及农业收获机械领域技术领域，尤其涉及一种红花柔性夹取拉拔装置。The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural harvesting machinery, in particular to a safflower flexible clamping and pulling device.
背景技术Background technique
红花又称草红花，属双子叶植物纲、菊科。原产埃及，在欧洲、美洲、澳大利亚和中国等许多地方都有栽培。红花有活血通经、祛淤止痛的作用。种子含油量高于大豆，其中亚油酸含量很高，有降血脂和血清胆固醇，防止动脉粥样硬化的作用，居食用油之冠，还可以作为理想食用色素的提取原料，广泛应用于食品、化妆品等行业。Safflower, also known as grass safflower, belongs to Dicotyledonous Plants and Compositae. Originating in Egypt, it is cultivated in many places such as Europe, America, Australia and China. Safflower has the functions of promoting blood circulation, promoting menstrual flow, dispelling stasis and relieving pain. The oil content of the seeds is higher than that of soybeans, and the linoleic acid content is very high, which has the effect of lowering blood fat and serum cholesterol and preventing atherosclerosis. , cosmetics and other industries.
现有红花采收主要以人工采收和机械辅助人工采收为主，没有大型自动化机械。小型辅助人工采收机械主要有两种切割式和拉拔式。切割式主要是依靠高速旋转刀具对花丝进行切割采收，拉拔式主要模仿人工采收动作，拉拔花丝，但是现存切割式采收，对花丝破损率高，采收花丝质量差，损伤严重。现存拉拔式主要为刚性夹取，容易损伤花丝，影响花丝采收品质。。Existing safflower harvesting is mainly based on manual harvesting and mechanically assisted manual harvesting, without large-scale automated machinery. There are mainly two types of small auxiliary manual harvesting machines: cutting type and pulling type. The cutting type mainly relies on high-speed rotating cutters to cut and harvest the filaments. The pulling type mainly imitates the manual harvesting action and pulls the filaments. However, the existing cutting type harvesting has a high rate of damage to the filaments, and the quality of the harvested filaments is poor and the damage is serious. . The existing pull-out type is mainly for rigid clamping, which is easy to damage the filaments and affects the harvesting quality of the filaments. .
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种红花柔性夹取拉拔装置，对花丝进行柔性夹取拉拔，减低对花丝损伤率，提高采收质量。The object of the present invention is to provide a flexible clamping and pulling device for safflower, which can flexibly clamp and pull the filaments, reduce the damage rate of the filaments, and improve the harvest quality.
本发明公开的一种红花柔性夹取拉拔装置所采用的技术方案是:The technical scheme adopted by a kind of safflower flexible clamping and pulling device disclosed by the present invention is:
一种红花柔性夹取拉拔装置，包括外壳、与外界吸气设备连接的负压管道及夹取机构，所述外壳内部与负压管道连通，所述夹取机构设置于外壳内部，所述外壳对应夹取机构开设有挡花口，通过所述夹取机构对进入挡花口的花丝，所述负压管道用于吸取外壳内的花丝。A flexible clamping and pulling device for safflower, comprising a housing, a negative pressure pipeline connected to an external suction device, and a clamping mechanism, the inside of the housing communicates with the negative pressure pipeline, and the clamping mechanism is arranged inside the housing. The housing is provided with a flower-retaining opening corresponding to the clamping mechanism, and the negative-pressure pipeline is used to absorb the filaments in the housing through the clamping mechanism for the filaments entering the flower-retaining opening.
作为优选方案，所述夹取机构包括升降组件和若干个夹花组件，所述夹花组件环绕外壳内壁设置，所述夹花组件包括拉杆、夹花臂及夹花板，拉杆与升降组件转动连接，所述升降组件带动拉杆上下移动，所述夹花臂成“<”型结构，所述夹花臂一端与拉杆远离升降组件一端转动连接，所述夹花板与夹花臂另一端连接，所述外壳内壁对应夹花臂中部设有滑槽，所述夹花臂通过滑销与滑槽转动连接，且所述滑销可在滑槽内转动，所述滑槽内部设有弹簧，所述弹簧设置于夹花臂远离外壳轴心一侧。As a preferred solution, the clamping mechanism includes a lifting assembly and several flower clamping components, and the flower clamping components are arranged around the inner wall of the housing. Connected, the lifting assembly drives the pull rod to move up and down, the flower clamping arm forms a "<" structure, one end of the clamping arm is rotatably connected to the end of the pull rod away from the lifting component, and the flower clamping plate is connected to the other end of the clamping arm , the inner wall of the housing is provided with a chute corresponding to the middle part of the clamping arm, the clamping arm is rotatably connected to the chute through a sliding pin, and the sliding pin can rotate in the chute, and a spring is provided inside the chute, The spring is arranged on the side of the flower clamping arm away from the axis of the shell.
作为优选方案，所述夹花组件数量为三个。As a preferred solution, the number of the flower clamping components is three.
作为优选方案，所述夹花板靠近外壳轴心一侧为弧面结构，若干个所述夹花组件的夹花板接触可形成管状结构。As a preferred solution, the side of the flower clamping plate close to the axis of the housing has an arc surface structure, and the contact of the flower clamping plates of several flower clamping components can form a tubular structure.
作为优选方案，所述升降组件包括电机、曲轴、连杆及活动杆，所述电机固定于外壳相对挡花口一侧，所述曲轴成U字型机构，且所述曲轴两端与外壳转动连接，所述连杆一端与曲轴中部转动连接，所述活动杆一端与连杆另一端转动连接，所述活动杆另一端与夹花组件转动连接，所述外壳内部固定设有固定条，所述活动杆与固定条滑动连接。As a preferred solution, the lifting assembly includes a motor, a crankshaft, a connecting rod and a movable rod, the motor is fixed on the side of the casing opposite to the flower stop, the crankshaft forms a U-shaped mechanism, and the two ends of the crankshaft rotate with the casing One end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected with the middle part of the crankshaft, one end of the movable rod is rotatably connected with the other end of the connecting rod, the other end of the movable rod is rotatably connected with the clamping assembly, and a fixing strip is fixed inside the housing, so The movable rod is slidably connected with the fixed bar.
作为优选方案，所述外壳内部固定设有固定环，所述固定条穿过固定环的轴心且两端与固定环固定连接，所述固定条中心开设有通孔，所述活动杆穿过通孔与固定条滑动连接。As a preferred solution, a fixed ring is fixed inside the housing, the fixed strip passes through the axis of the fixed ring and its two ends are fixedly connected with the fixed ring, a through hole is opened in the center of the fixed strip, and the movable rod passes through The through hole is slidably connected with the fixing bar.
作为优选方案，所述挡花口沿外壳轴心设置，且所述外壳沿挡花口外围呈内凹状结构。As a preferred solution, the flower stop is arranged along the axis of the casing, and the casing has a concave structure along the periphery of the flower stop.
本发明公开的一种红花柔性夹取拉拔装置的有益效果是：在进行红花采收时，工作人员先将负压管道与外部吸气设备进行连通，从而使外壳内部形成负压的状态，再通过手持负压管道将外壳的挡花口移动至红花的花球附近，花球附近的花丝在外壳内部负压作用下，吸入挡花口内，而花球则被挡在外侧，利用外壳内的夹取机构对进入挡花口的花丝进行拉拔采收，而负压管道将采收下来的花丝吸出集中，从而确保可连续进行采收。通过上述装置，对花丝进行柔性夹取拉拔，减低对花丝损伤率，提高采收质量。The beneficial effect of the safflower flexible clamping and pulling device disclosed by the present invention is: when harvesting safflower, the staff first communicates the negative pressure pipeline with the external suction equipment, so that a negative pressure is formed inside the shell. state, and then use the hand-held negative pressure pipe to move the flower stop of the shell to the vicinity of the flower ball of the safflower. The filaments near the flower ball are sucked into the flower stop by the negative pressure inside the shell, and the flower ball is blocked outside. Use the clamping mechanism in the shell to pull and harvest the filaments entering the flower stop, and the negative pressure pipeline will suck out and concentrate the collected filaments, so as to ensure continuous harvesting. Through the above device, the filaments can be flexibly clamped and drawn, reducing the damage rate to the filaments and improving the harvest quality.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明一种红花柔性夹取拉拔装置的内部结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a safflower flexible clamping and pulling device according to the present invention.
图2是本发明一种红花柔性夹取拉拔装置的夹花组件结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a flower clamping component of a flexible clamping and pulling device for safflower according to the present invention.
图3是本发明一种红花柔性夹取拉拔装置的夹花臂与滑槽结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping arm and the chute of a flexible clamping and pulling device for safflower according to the present invention.
图4是本发明一种红花柔性夹取拉拔装置的升降组件结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a lift assembly of a safflower flexible clamping and pulling device according to the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合具体实施例和说明书附图对本发明做进一步阐述和说明:Below in conjunction with specific embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is further elaborated and illustrated:
请参考图1，一种红花柔性夹取拉拔装置，包括外壳10、与外界吸气设备连接的负压管道20及夹取机构30，外壳10内部与负压管道20连通，夹取机构30设置于外壳10内部，外壳10对应夹取机构30开设有挡花口11，通过夹取机构30对进入挡花口11的花丝，负压管道20用于吸取外壳10内的花丝。Please refer to FIG. 1 , a flexible clamping and pulling device for safflower, including a housing 10, a negative pressure pipeline 20 connected to an external air suction device, and a clamping mechanism 30. The inside of the housing 10 communicates with the negative pressure pipeline 20, and the clamping mechanism 30 is arranged inside the shell 10, and the shell 10 is provided with a flower stop 11 corresponding to the clamping mechanism 30, and the negative pressure pipe 20 is used to suck the filaments in the shell 10 through the clamping mechanism 30 for the filaments entering the flower stop 11.
在进行红花采收时，工作人员先将负压管道20与外部吸气设备进行连通，从而使外壳10内部形成负压的状态，再通过手持负压管道20将外壳10的挡花口11移动至红花的花球附近，花球附近的花丝在外壳10内部负压作用下，吸入挡花口11内，而花球则被挡在外侧，利用外壳10内的夹取机构30对进入挡花口11的花丝进行拉拔采收，而负压管道20将采收下来的花丝吸出集中，从而确保可连续进行采收。When harvesting safflower, the staff first communicates the negative pressure pipeline 20 with the external suction equipment, so that the inside of the housing 10 forms a negative pressure state, and then uses the hand-held negative pressure pipeline 20 to remove the flower retaining port 11 of the housing 10. Move to the vicinity of the curd of the safflower, the filaments near the curd are sucked into the flower retaining opening 11 under the negative pressure inside the housing 10, while the curd is blocked on the outside, and the clamping mechanism 30 in the housing 10 is used to enter The filaments of the flower retaining port 11 are drawn and harvested, and the negative pressure pipeline 20 sucks and concentrates the harvested filaments, thereby ensuring continuous harvesting.
由于红花的花丝较短，一般不超过15mm，且花丝质地较硬，不具备缠绕条件，在吸入管道过程中的问题，主要就是负压大小，花丝质量较轻，可直接吸附拉拔下来的花丝。Since the filaments of safflower are relatively short, generally no more than 15mm, and the filaments are hard and do not have the conditions for winding, the main problem in the process of inhaling the pipeline is the negative pressure. The filaments are light in weight and can be directly absorbed and pulled out. Filigree.
请参考图2和图3，上述方案中，夹取机构30包括升降组件31和若干个夹花组件32，夹花组件32环绕外壳10内壁设置，夹花组件32包括拉杆321、夹花臂322及夹花板323，拉杆321与升降组件31转动连接，升降组件31带动拉杆321上下移动，夹花臂322成“<”型结构，夹花臂322一端与拉杆321远离升降组件31一端转动连接，夹花板323与夹花臂322另一端连接，外壳10内壁对应夹花臂322中部设有滑槽12，夹花臂322通过滑销324与滑槽12转动连接，且滑销324可在滑槽12内转动，滑槽12内部设有弹簧13，弹簧13设置于夹花臂322远离外壳10轴心一侧。Please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , in the above solution, the clamping mechanism 30 includes a lifting assembly 31 and several flower clamping components 32 , the flower clamping components 32 are arranged around the inner wall of the housing 10 , and the flower clamping components 32 include a pull rod 321 and a flower clamping arm 322 And clamping plate 323, pull rod 321 is rotatably connected with lifting assembly 31, lifting assembly 31 drives pull rod 321 to move up and down, clamping arm 322 forms a "<" shape structure, and one end of clamping arm 322 is rotationally connected with the end of pull rod 321 away from lifting assembly 31 , the clamping plate 323 is connected to the other end of the clamping arm 322, the inner wall of the housing 10 is provided with a chute 12 corresponding to the middle of the clamping arm 322, and the clamping arm 322 is rotatably connected to the chute 12 through a sliding pin 324, and the sliding pin 324 can The chute 12 rotates inside, and the chute 12 is provided with a spring 13 , and the spring 13 is arranged on the side of the flower clamping arm 322 away from the axis of the casing 10 .
当夹取机构30需要对花丝进行夹取拉拔时，通过升降组件31带动夹花组件32进行移动，当拉杆321向上移动时，拉杆321带动夹花臂322绕滑销324向上转动，此时，多个夹花组件32的夹花臂322设有夹花板323的一端朝外壳10轴心进行转动，从而对进入挡花口11的花丝起到收束的作用，同时当多个夹花板323转动至一定程度时，多个夹花板323会进行接触，并且在后续的转动过程中，始终保持顶触状态，从而将夹花臂322的中部朝滑槽12外侧进行推动，当作用力达到一定程度时，为避免刚性夹取损伤花丝，弹簧13开始压缩，而夹花板323继续保持上升，从而对花丝进行拉拨采收；当拉杆321向下移动时，夹花臂322的中部绕滑槽12进行转动，此时，夹花臂322并未对滑槽12内的弹簧13进行挤压，使弹簧13处于放松状态，夹花臂322与拉杆321转动连接的一端也一同向下转动，并且夹花臂322的另一端朝远离外壳10轴心方向进行转动，从而起到多个夹花组件32的夹花臂322设有夹花板323的一端成散开状态，此时，夹花组件32处于松开状态，通过负压管道20将拔出的花丝进行吸取。When the clamping mechanism 30 needs to clamp and pull the filament, the lifting assembly 31 drives the clamping component 32 to move. One end of the flower clamping plate 323 provided with the flower clamping arm 322 of a plurality of flower clamping assemblies 32 is rotated toward the axis of the housing 10, so as to restrain the filaments entering the flower retaining opening 11. When the plate 323 rotates to a certain degree, a plurality of flower clamping plates 323 will come into contact, and in the subsequent rotation process, they will always maintain the top contact state, thereby pushing the middle part of the flower clamping arm 322 towards the outside of the chute 12. When the force reaches a certain level, in order to avoid rigid clamping and damage to the filaments, the spring 13 starts to compress, and the flower clamping plate 323 continues to rise, thereby pulling and harvesting the filaments; The middle part rotates around the chute 12. At this time, the flower clamping arm 322 does not squeeze the spring 13 in the chute 12, so that the spring 13 is in a relaxed state, and the end of the flower clamping arm 322 and the pull rod 321 rotatably connected to the same direction. Rotate down, and the other end of the flower clamping arm 322 rotates away from the axis of the housing 10, so that the flower clamping arms 322 of a plurality of flower clamping assemblies 32 are provided with one end of the flower clamping plate 323 into a scattered state. , the flower clamping assembly 32 is in a loose state, and the pulled out filaments are sucked through the negative pressure pipeline 20 .
夹花组件32数量为三个，且夹花板323靠近外壳10轴心一侧为弧面结构，若干个夹花组件32的夹花板323接触可形成管状结构。There are three flower clamping assemblies 32, and the flower clamping plate 323 near the axis of the housing 10 has an arc-shaped structure, and the flower clamping plates 323 of several flower clamping components 32 can form a tubular structure when contacted.
从而可对进入到挡花口11的花丝起到外围全包覆的情况，并且确保夹花板323能够形成类似束口的结构，能够对花丝进行夹持的同时，又不会过度挤压花丝，对花丝造成损伤的情况发生。Thereby, the outer periphery of the filaments entering the flower retaining opening 11 can be fully covered, and it can be ensured that the flower clamping plate 323 can form a structure similar to the opening of the beam, so that the filaments can be clamped without excessively squeezing the filaments. , causing damage to the filaments.
请参考图4，升降组件31包括电机311、曲轴312、连杆313及活动杆314，电机311固定于外壳10相对挡花口11一侧，曲轴312成U字型机构，且曲轴312两端与外壳10转动连接，连杆313一端与曲轴312中部转动连接，活动杆314一端与连杆313另一端转动连接，活动杆314另一端与夹花组件32转动连接，外壳10内部固定设有固定条14，活动杆314与固定条14滑动连接。Please refer to Fig. 4, the lifting assembly 31 includes a motor 311, a crankshaft 312, a connecting rod 313 and a movable rod 314, the motor 311 is fixed on the side of the casing 10 opposite to the flower stop 11, the crankshaft 312 is a U-shaped mechanism, and the two ends of the crankshaft 312 are It is rotatably connected with the shell 10, one end of the connecting rod 313 is rotatably connected with the middle part of the crankshaft 312, one end of the movable rod 314 is rotatably connected with the other end of the connecting rod 313, and the other end of the movable rod 314 is rotatably connected with the flower folder assembly 32, and the inside of the outer shell 10 is fixed with a fixed Bar 14, the movable rod 314 is slidably connected with the fixed bar 14.
外壳10内部固定设有固定环15，固定条14穿过固定环15的轴心且两端与固定环15固定连接，固定条14中心开设有通孔，活动杆314穿过通孔与固定条14滑动连接。The housing 10 is fixed with a fixed ring 15 inside. The fixed strip 14 passes through the axis of the fixed ring 15 and is fixedly connected to the fixed ring 15 at both ends. The center of the fixed strip 14 is provided with a through hole, and the movable rod 314 passes through the through hole and the fixed strip. 14 Swipe to connect.
通过固定条14限制活动杆314只能进行上下移动，而电机311带动曲轴312进行转动，通过连杆313将曲轴312的转动运动，转换为活动杆314的上下往复运动，从而带动夹花组件32进行展开或抓取。The movable rod 314 can only be moved up and down by the fixed bar 14, and the motor 311 drives the crankshaft 312 to rotate, and the rotational movement of the crankshaft 312 is converted into the up and down reciprocating motion of the movable rod 314 through the connecting rod 313, thereby driving the flower clip assembly 32 to expand or grab.
挡花口11沿外壳10轴心设置，且外壳10沿挡花口11外围呈内凹状结构，使外壳10靠近红花时呈现收口状态，能够更好地花丝引导至挡花口11处，便于将花丝吸入到外壳10内。The flower retaining opening 11 is arranged along the axis of the housing 10, and the housing 10 has a concave structure along the periphery of the flower retaining opening 11, so that the housing 10 is in a closed state when it is close to the safflower, and the filaments can be better guided to the flower retaining opening 11, which is convenient The filaments are sucked into the housing 10.
本发明提供一种红花柔性夹取拉拔装置，在进行红花采收时，工作人员先将负压管道与外部吸气设备进行连通，从而使外壳内部形成负压的状态，再通过手持负压管道将外壳的挡花口移动至红花的花球附近，花球附近的花丝在外壳内部负压作用下，吸入挡花口内，而花球则被挡在外侧，利用外壳内的夹取机构对进入挡花口的花丝进行拉拔采收，而负压管道将采收下来的花丝吸出集中，从而确保可连续进行采收。通过上述装置，对花丝进行柔性夹取拉拔，减低对花丝损伤率，提高采收质量。The invention provides a flexible clamping and pulling device for safflower. When harvesting safflower, the staff first communicates the negative pressure pipeline with the external air suction device, so that a negative pressure state is formed inside the shell, and then through the hand-held The negative pressure pipe moves the flower blocking opening of the shell to the vicinity of the flower bulb of the safflower, and the filaments near the flower bulb are sucked into the flower blocking opening under the negative pressure inside the shell, while the flower ball is blocked outside, and the flower ball is blocked by the clip in the shell. The extraction mechanism pulls and harvests the filaments that enter the flower stop, and the negative pressure pipeline sucks the harvested filaments out and concentrates, thereby ensuring continuous harvesting. Through the above device, the filaments can be flexibly clamped and drawn, reducing the damage rate to the filaments and improving the harvest quality.
最后应当说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对本发明保护范围的限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细地说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand , the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
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