CN116586663A - Non-mould accurate forming device based on granular thermoplastic material and manufacturing method - Google Patents
Non-mould accurate forming device based on granular thermoplastic material and manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116586663A CN116586663A CN202310542088.9A CN202310542088A CN116586663A CN 116586663 A CN116586663 A CN 116586663A CN 202310542088 A CN202310542088 A CN 202310542088A CN 116586663 A CN116586663 A CN 116586663A
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- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002173 cutting fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000036544 posture Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010137 moulding (plastic) Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001175 rotational moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
- B29C48/802—Heating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a die-free accurate molding device and a manufacturing method for granular thermoplastic materials, wherein the molding device comprises a working platform, a cradle type five-axis turntable, a milling module and a die-free molding module; the working platform is connected with the milling module through a detachable structure, the non-module forming module is connected with the detachable structure through a vertical moving mechanism and is positioned on the right end face of the milling module, the granular thermoplastic materials are melted and extruded into filaments through the non-module forming module, layered stacking forming is carried out under the driving of the working platform, and milling and trimming are carried out through the milling module, so that accurate forming is realized; the cradle type five-axis turntable is fixedly connected with the working platform through a clamp, so that the modeling and milling without a model with variable postures are realized. The invention uses the granular thermoplastic material for fusion deposition molding, changes the traditional manufacturing mode of injection molding of the granular thermoplastic material by a mold, improves the molding precision and the surface quality of the part by milling and trimming, and can realize the precise molding of complex parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of direct extrusion molding of granular materials, and particularly relates to a die-free precise molding device based on a granular thermoplastic material and a manufacturing method.
Background
Along with the continuous rising of varieties and demand of industrial injection molding products and daily plastic products, the updating period of plastic products is shorter and shorter, and meanwhile, in the advanced fields of aerospace, biomedical and the like, the plastic has replaced part of metal as the manufacturing raw material of key parts, so that the requirements on the yield and quality of the plastic products are higher and higher, and the plastic molding process is mature and perfect continuously. The existing plastic molding process mainly comprises plastic casting (drop molding, slush molding, rotational molding), blow molding, plastic extrusion, plastic thermoforming (compression molding, vacuum molding), plastic injection molding, plastic foaming and the like, wherein most of the molding processes need to change molten plastic into the shape of a required part through a die, namely the molding of thermoplastic materials.
The molding process has the advantages of short molding cycle, high production efficiency, easy automation realization, stable product quality and the like, but different molds are required to be manufactured when different parts are produced, and the quality of the molds has great influence on the quality of the products, so the molding process is not suitable for single small-batch parts and parts with complex shapes or inner runners and narrow cavities, and cannot well meet the requirements of the aerospace field and other fields on the small-batch complex parts.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the defect of the existing thermoplastic material mold forming, the invention provides a particle thermoplastic material-based mold-free precise forming device, which effectively solves the problem that a specific mold is needed when the existing thermoplastic material is formed, shortens the manufacturing and iteration period of parts, and reduces the research and development cost of the parts.
The invention also provides a manufacturing method for the die-free precise molding based on the granular thermoplastic material, and the surface precision and quality of the molded part are ensured by adding milling molding steps, so that the requirements of the tip field can be met.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a die-free accurate forming device based on a granular thermoplastic material comprises a working platform, a cradle type five-axis turntable, a milling module and a die-free forming module;
the working platform is respectively provided with a base, an X-axis assembly, a Y-axis assembly and a Z-axis assembly from bottom to top, wherein the X-axis assembly is connected with the base and the Y-axis assembly is connected with the X-axis assembly through five linear bearing sliding blocks respectively, and the Z-axis assembly is connected with the base through an L-shaped supporting frame and is used for realizing three-dimensional movement of the milling module and the non-module forming module in a working space;
the milling module is connected with the Z-axis assembly through a detachable mechanism and is vertically arranged on the positive end face of the Z-axis assembly for realizing finish machining and forming;
the non-mould forming module is connected with the detachable mechanism through a vertical moving mechanism, is vertically arranged on the side surface of the detachable mechanism and is used for realizing non-mould fused deposition forming of the granular thermoplastic material;
the vertical moving mechanism can move in the Z-axis direction relative to the milling module, so that interference in the machining process is reduced;
the cradle type five-axis turntable is connected with the Y-axis assembly, and the Y-axis assembly drives the cradle type five-axis turntable to move on an XY axis plane; the cradle type five-axis turntable is provided with a A, B rotary assembly with two degrees of freedom, the assemblies are connected through a slewing bearing, and the slewing angles are controlled through a stepping motor respectively, so that the variable-posture die-free forming and milling of the granular thermoplastic materials are realized.
Further, the non-mould forming module comprises a shell, a hopper, a speed-reducing extrusion motor, a variable-groove-depth extrusion screw, an extrusion nozzle and a temperature control system, wherein the bottom of the hopper is connected with the shell through a screw hole of the screw, and a feed inlet is positioned on the upper end face of the extrusion screw; the speed-reducing extrusion motor is fixed at the upper end of the shell, is connected with the variable-groove-depth extrusion screw rod through a coupler and is used for driving the variable-groove-depth extrusion screw rod to rotate at a given speed, and the granular thermoplastic material is melted and extruded to an extrusion nozzle to form an extrusion wire; the temperature control system comprises a heating block, a temperature sensor and a micro fan, wherein the heating block and the temperature sensor are fixed on the upper side of the extrusion nozzle and used for monitoring and controlling the temperature of the variable-groove-depth extrusion screw, and the micro fan is symmetrically fixed on two sides of the extrusion nozzle and used for controlling the temperature of an extrusion wire.
Further, the milling module is provided with a milling spindle, a clamp and a milling cutter from top to bottom; an inlet and an outlet of cutting fluid are arranged on the upper end face of the milling spindle and used for cooling the spindle.
Further, the detachable mechanism is provided with a milling spindle holding seat and a holding seat fixing plate, the milling spindle holding seat is connected with the holding seat fixing plate and used for fixing the milling spindle, and the holding seat fixing plate is connected with the Z-axis assembly of the working platform.
Further, the vertical moving mechanism comprises a clamp, an air cylinder fixing plate, a double-rod air cylinder and a non-mould-forming module fixing plate; the double-rod air cylinder and the clamp are respectively fixedly connected to two side surfaces of the air cylinder fixing plate; the clamp clamping device is used for being fixedly connected to the detachable mechanism; the non-module fixing plate is arranged below the double-rod air cylinder and connected with the front plate at the front end of the piston rod of the double-rod air cylinder, and is used for fixing the non-module.
Further, the particulate thermoplastic material comprises thermoplastic particles having a diameter of 3mm and less.
Further, the temperature control system can reach a temperature ranging from room temperature to 450 ℃.
A method for manufacturing a particle thermoplastic material-based dieless precision molding, which is realized by a particle thermoplastic material-based dieless precision molding device; the method comprises the following steps:
step one: creating a three-dimensional structure model of a required part, dividing the part according to the model to obtain a mixed machining procedure of non-mould forming and milling forming, slicing the part according to the model, generating corresponding path instructions and other control instructions, and inputting an instruction file into the non-mould precise forming device based on the particle thermoplastic material;
step two: placing a granular material into a hopper of a non-molding module, setting the molding temperature of the temperature control system according to the melting temperature of the granular material, and preheating the non-molding module;
step three: the vertical moving mechanism receives an instruction to drive the non-molding module to move to the lower side of the milling module, a speed-reducing extrusion motor of the non-molding module rotates according to a given speed, the granular thermoplastic materials are melted and extruded to a nozzle of the non-molding module under a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, and meanwhile, the working platform and the cradle type five-axis turntable drive the non-molding module and a workpiece to move and rotate in a working space, so that the non-molding with a variable gesture is realized, and the non-molding stage is ended;
step four: the vertical moving mechanism receives an instruction to drive the non-module forming module to move to the upper side of the milling module, a spindle motor of the milling module rotates at a given speed, and meanwhile, the working platform and the cradle type five-axis turntable drive the milling module and a workpiece to move and rotate in a working space, so that gesture-variable milling forming is realized, and the milling forming stage is finished;
step five: and repeatedly executing the third step and the fourth step until all the sub-modules of the required part are manufactured.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention is based on particle extrusion and additive manufacturing technology, and designs a particle thermoplastic material-based die-free precise forming device, which adopts a screw extrusion mode to heat and extrude the particle thermoplastic material, thereby realizing layered printing of the particle thermoplastic material, manufacturing parts with complex shapes, solving the problem that a special shape die is needed in the traditional thermoplastic material manufacturing, and effectively shortening the iteration period and cost of the parts.
The die-free precise forming device based on the granular thermoplastic material is provided with the milling module, so that the formed part can be milled and trimmed, and the surface quality and the surface precision of the formed part are effectively improved.
According to the invention, the vertical moving mechanism drives the non-mould forming module to move up and down relative to the milling module in the Z-axis direction, so that the interference problem of the non-mould manufacturing module and the milling cutter in the manufacturing process can be effectively relieved, and the safety of the manufacturing process is increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a die-free precision molding apparatus based on a particulate thermoplastic material in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic overall structure and a sectional view of an inner structure of a molding module without a mold according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the vertical movement mechanism of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow diagram of a method of the present invention for the mold-less precision molding process based on particulate thermoplastic materials.
In the figure, a working platform 1, a base 1-1, an X-axis assembly 1-2, a Y-axis assembly 1-3, a Z-axis assembly 1-4, a cradle type five-axis turntable 2, a milling module 3, a non-module forming module 4, a hopper 4-1, a shell 4-2, a decelerating extrusion motor 4-3, a micro fan 4-4, a coupling 4-5, a groove depth extrusion screw 4-6, a variable storage bin 4-7, a heating block 4-8, a temperature sensor 4-9, an extrusion nozzle 4-10, a detachable mechanism 5, a vertical moving mechanism 6, a clamp 6-1, a cylinder fixing plate 6-2, a double-rod cylinder 6-3 and a non-module forming module fixing plate 6-4.
Detailed Description
The objects and effects of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not limiting thereof.
As shown in fig. 1, the die-free precise molding device based on the granular thermoplastic material in the embodiment of the invention comprises a working platform 1, a cradle type five-axis turntable 2, a milling module 3 and a die-free molding module 4.
The working platform 1 is provided with a base and a movable assembly with three degrees of freedom of XYZ, which are respectively a base 1-1, an X-axis assembly 1-2, a Y-axis assembly 1-3 and a Z-axis assembly 1-4 from bottom to top, wherein the X-axis assembly 1-2 and the base 1-1, the Y-axis assembly 1-3 and the X-axis assembly 1-2 are respectively connected through five linear bearing sliding blocks, and the Z-axis assembly 1-4 is connected with the base 1-1 through an L-shaped supporting frame and is used for realizing three-dimensional movement of the milling module 3 and the non-module forming module 4 in a working space.
The milling module 3 is connected with the Z-axis assembly 1-4 through a detachable mechanism 5 and is vertically arranged on the positive end face of the Z-axis assembly for realizing finish machining and forming. The non-mould forming module 4 is connected with the detachable mechanism 5 through a vertical moving mechanism 6, and is vertically arranged on the right end face of the detachable mechanism 5, so as to realize non-mould fused deposition forming of the granular thermoplastic material; the vertical movement mechanism 6 can move in the Z-axis direction relative to the milling module 3, reducing interference problems during machining.
The detachable mechanism 5 is provided with a milling spindle holding seat and a holding seat fixing plate, the milling spindle holding seat is connected with the holding seat fixing plate through bolts and used for fixing the milling spindle, and the holding seat fixing plate is connected with the Z-axis assembly 1-4 of the working platform through bolts.
The cradle type five-axis turntable 2 is connected with the Y-axis assembly 1-3, and the Y-axis assembly 1-3 drives the cradle type five-axis turntable 2 to move on an XY axis plane. The cradle type five-axis turntable 2 is provided with a rotating component with two degrees of freedom of an A axis 2-1 and a B axis 2-2, the components are connected through a slewing bearing, and the slewing angles are controlled through a stepping motor respectively, so that the die-free forming and milling of the granular thermoplastic materials with variable postures are realized.
As shown in FIG. 2, the moldless molding module includes a hopper 4-1, a housing 4-2, a speed reducing extrusion motor 4-3, a variable groove depth extrusion screw 4-6, an extrusion nozzle 4-10, and a temperature control system. Wherein the bottom of the hopper 4-1 is connected with the shell 4-2 through a screw hole of a screw rod, and the feed inlet is opposite to the storage bin 4-7; the decelerating extrusion motor 4-3 is fixed at the upper end of the shell 4-2, and is connected with the variable-groove-depth extrusion screw 4-6 through the coupler 4-5, and is used for driving the extrusion screw to rotate at a given speed, and the granular thermoplastic material is melted and extruded to an extrusion nozzle to form extrusion threads. The temperature control system comprises a heating block 4-8, a temperature sensor 4-9 and a micro fan 4-4, wherein the heating block 4-8 and the temperature sensor 4-9 are fixed on the upper side of the extrusion nozzle 4-10 and used for monitoring and controlling the temperature of the variable-groove-depth extrusion screw 4-6, and the micro fan 4-4 is symmetrically fixed on two sides of the extrusion nozzle 4-10 and used for controlling the temperature of an extrusion wire.
As shown in fig. 3, the vertical moving mechanism 6 includes a clamp holder 6-1, a cylinder fixing plate 6-2, a double-rod cylinder 6-3 and a non-molding module fixing plate 6-4, the double-rod cylinder 6-3 and the clamp holder 6-1 being respectively fixedly attached to both side surfaces of the cylinder fixing plate 6-2. The clamp 6-1 is fixedly connected to the milling spindle holding seat of the detachable mechanism 5 through bolts. The piston rod of the double-rod air cylinder 6-3 extends out to fixedly connect with the front plate, the non-molding module fixing plate 6-4 is arranged at the lower side of the double-rod air cylinder 6-3 and is connected with the front plate of the double-rod air cylinder 6-3 through bolts and nuts, and the double-rod air cylinder 6-3 is used for controlling the non-molding module 4 to move up and down in the Z axis.
As shown in fig. 4, a method for manufacturing a particle-based thermoplastic material by die-free precision molding comprises the following steps:
step one: creating a three-dimensional structure model of a required part, dividing the part according to the model to obtain a mixed machining procedure of non-mould forming and milling forming, slicing the part according to the model, generating corresponding path instructions and other control instructions, and inputting an instruction file into the non-mould precise forming device based on the particle thermoplastic material;
step two: placing the granular material into a hopper 4-1 of a non-molding module 4, setting the molding temperature of a temperature control system according to the melting temperature of the granular material, and preheating the non-molding module 4;
step three: the vertical moving mechanism 6 receives an instruction to drive the non-molding module 4 to move to the lower side of the milling module 3, the speed-reducing extrusion motor 4-3 of the non-molding module 4 rotates at a given speed, the granular thermoplastic material is melted and extruded to the extrusion nozzle 4-10 of the non-molding module 4 under the high-temperature and high-pressure environment, and meanwhile, the working platform 1 and the cradle type five-axis turntable 2 drive the non-molding module 4 and a workpiece to move and rotate in a working space, so that the non-molding with a variable gesture is realized, and the non-molding stage is ended;
step four: the vertical moving mechanism 6 receives an instruction to drive the non-module forming module 4 to move to the upper side of the milling module 3, the spindle motor rotates at a given speed, and the working platform 1 and the cradle type five-axis turntable 2 drive the milling module 3 and the workpiece to move and rotate in a working space, so that the milling forming with a variable gesture is realized, and the milling forming stage is finished;
step five: and repeating the third and fourth steps until all sub-modules of the required part are manufactured, and obtaining the final required part.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the foregoing description is a preferred embodiment of the invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, but rather to limit the invention to the specific embodiments described, and that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, for the purposes of those skilled in the art. Modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The die-free precise forming device based on the granular thermoplastic materials is characterized by comprising a working platform, a cradle type five-axis turntable, a milling module and a die-free forming module;
the working platform is respectively provided with a base, an X-axis assembly, a Y-axis assembly and a Z-axis assembly from bottom to top, wherein the X-axis assembly is connected with the base and the Y-axis assembly is connected with the X-axis assembly through five linear bearing sliding blocks respectively, and the Z-axis assembly is connected with the base through an L-shaped supporting frame and is used for realizing three-dimensional movement of the milling module and the non-module forming module in a working space;
the milling module is connected with the Z-axis assembly through a detachable mechanism and is vertically arranged on the positive end face of the Z-axis assembly for realizing finish machining and forming;
the non-mould forming module is connected with the detachable mechanism through a vertical moving mechanism, is vertically arranged on the side surface of the detachable mechanism and is used for realizing non-mould fused deposition forming of the granular thermoplastic material;
the vertical moving mechanism can move in the Z-axis direction relative to the milling module, so that interference in the machining process is reduced;
the cradle type five-axis turntable is connected with the Y-axis assembly, and the Y-axis assembly drives the cradle type five-axis turntable to move on an XY axis plane; the cradle type five-axis turntable is provided with a A, B rotary assembly with two degrees of freedom, the assemblies are connected through a slewing bearing, and the slewing angles are controlled through a stepping motor respectively, so that the variable-posture die-free forming and milling of the granular thermoplastic materials are realized.
2. The die-free precise forming device based on the granular thermoplastic materials according to claim 1, wherein the die-free forming module comprises a shell, a hopper, a speed-reducing extrusion motor, a variable-groove-depth extrusion screw, an extrusion nozzle and a temperature control system, wherein the bottom of the hopper is connected with the shell through a screw hole, and a feed inlet is positioned on the upper end face of the extrusion screw; the speed-reducing extrusion motor is fixed at the upper end of the shell, is connected with the variable-groove-depth extrusion screw rod through a coupler and is used for driving the variable-groove-depth extrusion screw rod to rotate at a given speed, and the granular thermoplastic material is melted and extruded to an extrusion nozzle to form an extrusion wire; the temperature control system comprises a heating block, a temperature sensor and a micro fan, wherein the heating block and the temperature sensor are fixed on the upper side of the extrusion nozzle and used for monitoring and controlling the temperature of the variable-groove-depth extrusion screw, and the micro fan is symmetrically fixed on two sides of the extrusion nozzle and used for controlling the temperature of an extrusion wire.
3. The die-free precision forming apparatus based on particulate thermoplastic material of claim 1, wherein the milling module is provided with a milling spindle, a fixture and a milling cutter from top to bottom; an inlet and an outlet of cutting fluid are arranged on the upper end face of the milling spindle and used for cooling the spindle.
4. The die-free precise forming device based on the granular thermoplastic materials according to claim 1, wherein the detachable mechanism is provided with a milling spindle holding seat and a holding seat fixing plate, the milling spindle holding seat is connected with the holding seat fixing plate and used for fixing the milling spindle, and the holding seat fixing plate is connected with a Z-axis assembly of the working platform.
5. The particle thermoplastic material-based, dieless precision molding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the vertical movement mechanism comprises a clamp gripper, a cylinder fixing plate, a double rod cylinder, and a dieless molding module fixing plate; the double-rod air cylinder and the clamp are respectively fixedly connected to two side surfaces of the air cylinder fixing plate; the clamp clamping device is used for being fixedly connected to the detachable mechanism; the non-module fixing plate is arranged below the double-rod air cylinder and connected with the front plate at the front end of the piston rod of the double-rod air cylinder, and is used for fixing the non-module.
6. The die-free precision molding apparatus based on particulate thermoplastic material of claim 1, wherein the particulate thermoplastic material comprises thermoplastic particles having a diameter of 3mm and less.
7. The die-free precision molding apparatus based on particulate thermoplastic material of claim 2, wherein: the temperature control system can reach a temperature ranging from room temperature to 450 ℃.
8. A method of manufacturing a particle-based thermoplastic material by no-mold precision molding, characterized in that the method is realized based on the particle-based thermoplastic material by no-mold precision molding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7; the method comprises the following steps:
step one: creating a three-dimensional structure model of a required part, dividing the part according to the model to obtain a mixed machining procedure of non-mould forming and milling forming, slicing the part according to the model, generating corresponding path instructions and other control instructions, and inputting an instruction file into the non-mould precise forming device based on the particle thermoplastic material;
step two: placing a granular material into a hopper of a non-molding module, setting the molding temperature of the temperature control system according to the melting temperature of the granular material, and preheating the non-molding module;
step three: the vertical moving mechanism receives an instruction to drive the non-molding module to move to the lower side of the milling module, a speed-reducing extrusion motor of the non-molding module rotates according to a given speed, the granular thermoplastic materials are melted and extruded to a nozzle of the non-molding module under a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, and meanwhile, the working platform and the cradle type five-axis turntable drive the non-molding module and a workpiece to move and rotate in a working space, so that the non-molding with a variable gesture is realized, and the non-molding stage is ended;
step four: the vertical moving mechanism receives an instruction to drive the non-module forming module to move to the upper side of the milling module, a spindle motor of the milling module rotates at a given speed, and meanwhile, the working platform and the cradle type five-axis turntable drive the milling module and a workpiece to move and rotate in a working space, so that gesture-variable milling forming is realized, and the milling forming stage is finished;
step five: and repeatedly executing the third step and the fourth step until all the sub-modules of the required part are manufactured.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310542088.9A CN116586663A (en) | 2023-05-15 | 2023-05-15 | Non-mould accurate forming device based on granular thermoplastic material and manufacturing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310542088.9A CN116586663A (en) | 2023-05-15 | 2023-05-15 | Non-mould accurate forming device based on granular thermoplastic material and manufacturing method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116586663A true CN116586663A (en) | 2023-08-15 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310542088.9A Pending CN116586663A (en) | 2023-05-15 | 2023-05-15 | Non-mould accurate forming device based on granular thermoplastic material and manufacturing method |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116586663A (en) |
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- 2023-05-15 CN CN202310542088.9A patent/CN116586663A/en active Pending
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