Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a portable distance and slope angle measuring instrument, and aims to solve the problem that the distance and slope angle of two unknown points are difficult to measure under the condition that known coordinate points are lacked or the front view point can not be seen through in the traditional technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a portable distance and slope angle measuring instrument comprising:
The device comprises a mounting frame, wherein a vertical instrument is mounted on the mounting frame, a handle is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame, and a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting frame;
the support assembly comprises an outer support and fixing feet, the two outer supports are coaxially and rotatably connected to two ends of the rotating shaft extending out of the mounting frame in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the fixing feet are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the two outer supports;
The measuring assembly comprises a rotating frame, an expansion ruler, a vertical plate, angle rulers, a display screen and a controller, wherein the rotating frame is symmetrically and coaxially connected to the rotating shaft in a rotating mode, the expansion ruler is arranged at the bottom of the rotating frame, the vertical plate is fixed at the bottom of the mounting frame and is positioned on a vertical plane where the axis of the rotating shaft is located, the angle ruler is arranged between the expansion ruler and the vertical plate, the controller is arranged in the mounting frame, and the display screen is arranged on the mounting frame and is electrically connected with the vertical instrument, the expansion ruler, the angle ruler and the display screen.
Preferably, the fixed foot includes telescopic link and fixed awl, the telescopic link adopts multistage telescopic structure, telescopic link one end and outer support fixed connection, and the telescopic link other end and fixed awl fixed connection.
Preferably, two telescopic links are close to fixed awl one end and are connected with rotation subassembly, rotation subassembly includes adapter sleeve, solid fixed ring, buffer spring, rotation post and rotation section of thick bamboo, the adapter sleeve slides and cup joints on two telescopic links, two fixedly connected with buffer springs on the adapter sleeve, two buffer springs one-to-one cover is established on two telescopic links, two the telescopic links are close to the equal solid fixed ring of fixed awl one end periphery side, two buffer springs keep away from adapter sleeve one end one-to-one fixed connection on two solid fixed ring, adapter sleeve bottom fixedly connected with rotation post, rotation post bottom coaxial rotation is connected with rotation section of thick bamboo, rotation post axial is located the vertical bisector of axis of rotation.
Preferably, the connecting sleeve is connected with a locking assembly, the locking assembly comprises a sliding groove, wedge blocks, locking springs and limiting holes, two sliding grooves are formed in the connecting sleeve, the wedge blocks are connected in the sliding grooves in a sliding mode, the locking springs are fixedly connected between the wedge blocks and the sliding grooves, a plurality of limiting holes are formed in the telescopic rod, the wedge blocks are matched with the limiting holes in a clamping mode, and the wedge faces of the wedge blocks are matched with the tops of the limiting holes.
Preferably, the controller is used for receiving the length data of the expansion ruler and the angle data of the angle ruler when the plumb meter displays being in a vertical state, and displaying the distance between the bottom end points of the two expansion rulers and the gradient of the connecting line of the two end points on the display screen after analysis and processing.
Preferably, the bottom of the vertical plate is fixedly connected with a balancing weight, and the weight of the balancing weight is larger than the sum of the weight of the part, above the rotating shaft, of the vertical instrument and the display screen, of the mounting frame.
Preferably, the buckling grooves are formed in two sides of the connecting sleeve, the two buckling grooves are in one-to-one correspondence and matched with the two telescopic ruler in a clamping mode, elastic bulges are fixedly connected to two sides of the buckling grooves, and the elastic bulges are extruded to lean against two sides of the telescopic ruler.
Preferably, the buckling groove is fixedly connected with a cushion pad, and the cushion pad is made of rubber.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. According to the invention, the support assembly, the rotating assembly and the locking assembly are arranged, so that the device is conveniently controlled to rotate under the cooperation of the rotatable rotating column and the rotating cylinder, the two telescopic ruler are positioned on the vertical plane where the connecting line of the two unknown points is positioned, the subsequent measurement is convenient, the locking assembly is used for locking the connecting sleeve and the two telescopic rods, and the stability of the device during the measurement work is effectively improved.
2. According to the invention, by arranging the measuring device, the two expansion rulers are controlled to extend and rotate, so that the bottom ends of the two expansion rulers are correspondingly overlapped with two unknown points one by one, at the moment, the perpendiculars on the mounting frame are in a vertical state through the handle, the controller receives the length data of the two expansion rulers and the angle data of the two angle rulers, and the distance between the axis of the rotating shaft and the connecting line of the two unknown points and the included angle between the two connecting lines and the vertical plane are obtained by matching the distance between the known rotating frame and the axis of the rotating shaft, so that the distance and the gradient of the connecting line of the two unknown points can be obtained through cosine theorem.
Description of the embodiments
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a portable distance and slope angle measuring instrument comprising:
the vertical instrument comprises a mounting frame 1, wherein a vertical instrument 2 is mounted on the mounting frame 1, a handle 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame 1, and a rotating shaft 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting frame 1.
The support assembly comprises an outer support 5 and fixed feet 6, the two outer supports 5 are coaxially and rotatably connected to two ends of the rotating shaft 4 extending out of the mounting frame 1 in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the fixed feet 6 are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the two outer supports 5, and a supporting effect is formed on the rotating shaft 4 through the fixed feet 6.
The fixed foot 6 includes telescopic link 61 and fixed cone 62, and telescopic link 61 adopts multistage telescopic structure, telescopic link 61 one end and outer support 5 fixed connection, and the telescopic link 61 other end and fixed cone 62 fixed connection, and during operation telescopic link 61 extends, inserts subaerial through fixed cone 62, forms the fixation to outer support 5, forms the support to axis of rotation 4 then, conveniently improves the stability when measuring subsequently.
The two telescopic rods 61 are close to fixed cone 62 one end and are connected with rotating assembly, rotating assembly includes adapter sleeve 7, solid fixed ring 8, buffer spring 9, rotation post 10 and rotation section of thick bamboo 11, adapter sleeve 7 sliding sleeve is on two telescopic rods 61, fixedly connected with two buffer springs 9 on the adapter sleeve 7, two buffer springs 9 one-to-one cover is established on two telescopic rods 61, two telescopic rods 61 are close to solid fixed ring 8 of equal fixedly connected with of fixed cone 62 one end periphery side, two buffer springs 9 keep away from adapter sleeve 7 one-to-one fixedly connected with on two solid fixed ring 8, adapter sleeve 7 bottom fixedly connected with rotation post 10, rotation post 10 bottom coaxial rotation is connected with rotation section of thick bamboo 11, rotation post 10 axial is located the vertical bisector of axis of rotation shaft 4, rotation post 10 and rotation section of thick bamboo 11 are earlier than fixed cone 62 contact ground, under rotatable rotation post 10 and rotation section of thick bamboo 11's cooperation, the convenience is controlled this device and is rotated, in order to measure follow-up.
The connecting sleeve 7 is connected with a locking assembly, the locking assembly comprises a sliding groove 12, a wedge block 13, a locking spring 14 and a limiting hole 15, two sliding grooves 12 are formed in the connecting sleeve 7, the wedge block 13 is connected in a sliding mode in the sliding groove 12, the locking spring 14 is fixedly connected between the wedge block 13 and the sliding groove 12, a plurality of limiting holes 15 are formed in the telescopic rod 61, the wedge block 13 is in clamping fit with the limiting hole 15, the wedge surface of the wedge block 13 is matched with the top of the limiting hole 15, when the telescopic rod 61 and the connecting sleeve 7 relatively move, the wedge block 13 continuously sweeps through the plurality of limiting holes 15 until the telescopic rod 61 and the connecting sleeve 7 are relatively stationary, the sliding groove 12 is communicated with one limiting hole 15, under the elastic force of the locking spring 14, the wedge block 13 is clamped into the limiting holes 15, locking is formed between the connecting sleeve 7 and the two telescopic rods 61, the trend that a fixed cone 62 is separated from the ground under the elastic force of the buffer spring 9 is effectively avoided, and the stability of the device in working is improved.
Wherein the wedge 13 is close to locking spring 14 one side fixedly connected with movable rod, and the movable rod runs through adapter sleeve 7 to conveniently pull wedge 13 through the movable rod.
The measuring assembly comprises rotating frames 16, expansion scales 17, vertical plates 18, angle scales 20, display screens 21 and controllers 22, the two rotating frames 16 are symmetrically and coaxially connected to the rotating shaft 4 in a rotating mode, the expansion scales 17 are arranged at the bottoms of the rotating frames 16, the vertical plates 18 are fixed at the bottoms of the mounting frames 1, the vertical plates 18 are located on the vertical plane where the axes of the rotating shafts 4 are located, the angle scales 20 are arranged between the expansion scales 17 and the vertical plates 18, the controllers 22 are arranged in the mounting frames 1, the display screens 21 are arranged on the mounting frames 1, and the controllers 22 are electrically connected with the perpendiculars 2, the expansion scales 17, the angle scales 20 and the display screens 21.
The controller 22 is configured to receive the length data of the expansion ruler 17 and the angle data of the angle ruler 20 when the plumb meter 2 is in a vertical state, and display the distance between the bottom end points of the two expansion rulers 17 and the gradient of the connecting line of the two end points on the display screen 21 after analysis processing.
The two unknown points are A, B points which are determined to be needed to be measured, the bottoms of the two expansion ruler 17 are controlled to be in one-to-one correspondence with the A, B points, the controller 22 receives the extension length of the expansion ruler 17 in cooperation with the known distance between the rotating frame 16 and the axis center of the rotating shaft 4, namely the C point, and the distance lengths b and a from the C point to the A, B points are obtained; the controller 22 obtains an included angle alpha and an included angle beta between the two telescopic rulers 17 and the vertical plate 18 through the angle ruler 20; the distance between two points to be measured A, B and the included angle formed between the AB line segment and the horizontal plane, namely the slope angle, can be calculated by the calculation program in the controller 22 through triangle cosine theorem and geometric relationship principle.
The calculation principle is as follows:
knowing the length of the two sides a, b and +.c=α+β, according to the triangle cosine law:
c 2=a2+b2 -2abcos & lt C, and calculating C, namely calculating the distance between the AB;
Knowing three sides a, B and c, according to the cosine theorem, B 2=a2+c2 -2accos B is calculated, delta=90-alpha is calculated according to the 180-degree sum of the inner angles of the triangles, and gamma= B-delta is obtained;
to sum up: the corresponding a and b lengths, alpha and beta angles, and the distance and slope angle between the two points AB of the two expansion rulers 17 can be directly read out on the display screen 21.
The bottom of the vertical plate 18 is fixedly connected with a balancing weight 19, and the weight 19 is larger than the sum of the weight of the part of the installation frame 1 above the rotating shaft 4, the plumb bob 2 and the display screen 21.
The buckling grooves 23 are formed in two sides of the connecting sleeve 7, the two buckling grooves 23 are in one-to-one correspondence and are matched with the two expansion scales 17 in a clamping mode, elastic protrusions 24 are fixedly connected to two sides of the buckling grooves 23, and the elastic protrusions 24 are extruded to abut against two sides of the expansion scales 17.
The buckling groove 23 is fixedly connected with a cushion pad 25, and the cushion pad 25 is made of rubber.
When measuring the distance and the slope angle between two unknown points in the high-low relief topography, moving the mounting frame 1 to a position between the two unknown points, controlling the two telescopic rods 61 to extend downwards, and placing the device on the ground after the telescopic rods 61 extend downwards, wherein the rotating column 10 and the rotating cylinder 11 on the connecting sleeve 7 are contacted with the ground before the fixed cone 62, and under the cooperation of the rotatable rotating column 10 and the rotating cylinder 11, the device is conveniently controlled to rotate, so that the two telescopic rulers 17 are positioned on a vertical plane where connecting lines of the two unknown points are positioned, and subsequent measurement is convenient;
After the rotation position of the device is adjusted, the device is pressed downwards, the elasticity of the buffer spring 9 is overcome, the buffer spring 9 is compressed, the fixed cone 62 moves downwards relative to the connecting sleeve 7, the fixed cone 62 moves and is inserted into the ground to form a fixed effect on the device, meanwhile, when the telescopic rod 61 and the connecting sleeve 7 move relatively, the wedge-shaped block 13 in the connecting sleeve 7 continuously sweeps the limit hole 15 on the telescopic rod 61 until the telescopic rod 61 and the connecting sleeve 7 are relatively static, the sliding groove 12 is communicated with one limit hole 15, the wedge-shaped block 13 is clamped into the limit hole 15 under the action of the elasticity of the locking spring 14, the connecting sleeve 7 and the two telescopic rods 61 are locked, the trend that the fixed cone 62 is separated from the ground under the action of the elasticity of the buffer spring 9 is effectively avoided, and the stability of the device in operation is improved;
Then the two expansion scales 17 are controlled to extend and rotate, so that the bottom ends of the two expansion scales 17 are correspondingly overlapped with two unknown points one by one, at the moment, the mounting frame 1 is manually controlled to swing through the handle 3, the perpendiculars 2 on the mounting frame 1 are in a vertical state, the controller 22 receives the length data of the two expansion scales 17 and the angle data of the two angle scales 20, the distance between the axis of the rotating shaft 4 and the connecting line of the two unknown points is known by matching with the distance between the known rotating frame 16 and the axis of the rotating shaft 4, and the included angle between the two connecting lines and the vertical plane can be obtained by cosine theorem;
After the measurement is completed, the two telescopic rulers 17 are retracted, the fixed cone 62 is pulled out, the two telescopic rods 61 are retracted, the wedge-shaped block 13 is pulled to be separated from the limiting hole 15, the connecting sleeve 7 is convenient to restore to the original position, and finally the two telescopic rulers 17 are clamped into the buckling grooves 23 on the connecting sleeve 7, so that the arrangement of the device can be completed, and the measuring device is convenient for workers to carry to enter the next position for measurement.
And the distance between the bottom end points of the two expansion ruler 17 and the gradient of the connecting line of the two end points are displayed on the display screen 21 after analysis and processing.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.