CN116556726A - A method for transforming a building roof into a planted roof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for reforming a planted roof of a building roof, which comprises the following steps of: s1: detecting and judging the original roof; s2: verifying the extent of the planted roof in combination with retaining the existing roof of the building and verifying whether there is weight-reducible material; s21: when no weight-reducing material exists, a load orientation method is adopted for construction; s22: and when the planted roof is integrally modified and the weight-reducing material is arranged, a load displacement method is adopted for construction. According to the method, the original roof is detected and judged, when the weight-losing material exists on the original roof, the load replacement method is adopted for construction, the original roof is replaced on the premise that structural reinforcement is not carried out, the special light steel structure is utilized to replace the original roof structure, the load capacity of the newly-added metal roof is smaller than the load of the original roof, the load of the green planting module bearable by the metal roof is further improved, and finally the roof greening planting technology under the condition of load reduction is realized.

Description

A method for transforming a building roof into a planted roof

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of building renovation, in particular to a method for rebuilding a planting roof on a building roof.

Background technique

Roof planting is to spread planting soil or set up containers on the roof waterproof layer, so as to achieve the effect of greening. The reason for the rise of roof planting is that the increase of urban area, the increase of buildings and other buildings lead to the reduction of original green space resources, resulting in urban natural Ecological imbalance and serious heat island effect, roof planting is a solution that people have found. In recent years, with the continuous acceleration of the urbanization process, the number and scale of cities and towns have continued to increase, and new buildings have gradually increased. At the beginning of construction, a certain bearing capacity can be reserved for roof planting. However, the roofs of some ordinary existing buildings Since the problem of bearing capacity was not considered at the beginning of the design, the reconstruction of the planted roof will increase the additional load, resulting in insufficient bearing capacity of the original building structure, and then the original structural system needs to be reinforced. However, this method has a long construction period and engineering The difficulty is high and the investment is huge. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method to transform the roof of a building into a planted roof, which can reduce investment, construction difficulty, and renovation time, while ensuring the bearing capacity of the original building.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the invention provides a method for transforming a building roof into a planted roof, which has the advantages of low investment, low difficulty and time saving.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for transforming a building roof into a planted roof, including the original building roof, comprising the following steps:

S1: Detect and judge the original roof;

S2: In combination with the practice of retaining the existing roof of the building, verify the scope of the planted roof and verify whether there are weight-reducing materials;

S21: When the planted roof is partially rebuilt or there is no weight-reducing material, the load orientation method is used for construction:

S211: Obtain the layout of beams and columns of the current roof structure;

S212: Calculate the excess bearing capacity of beams and columns of the current original structure;

S213: Calculate the load capacity of the green plant module and the newly added structure, and compare it with the surplus bearing capacity of the existing beams and columns of the original structure;

S214: Remove the original building finish layer to the structural base;

S215: Add new structural steel columns, and make new waterproof insulation layer;

S216: Install a structural steel frame on the structural steel column, and place green plant modules on the structural steel frame;

S22: The load replacement method is used for construction when the planting roof is rebuilt as a whole and there are weight-reducing materials;

S221: Check the weight of the corresponding material;

S222: Remove the original roof finish layer to the structural base, and make a new metal roof;

S223: Calculating the overall surplus load after the weight-reducing material is replaced;

S224: Place a green plant module on the roof.

Preferably, the specific content of the detection and determination of the original roof in S1 is: verify whether the old roof panel has original data, if there is no original data, lack of information such as the original structural reinforcement, the reinforcement design cannot be carried out, and this method is applicable at this time ; In S2, verify the range of the planted roof: when the single roof area is small and the overall transformation is a planted roof, the load replacement method is used; when the single roof area of the building is large and the partial transformation is a planted roof, the existing load-bearing The components frame the range, and the load orientation method is used within the range.

Preferably, the overall green plant module is rectangular, with a height of 100 mm and an overall wet weight of less than 35 kg/m ² .

Preferably, when the load capacity of the green plant module and the newly added structure in S213 is compared with the surplus bearing capacity of the beams and columns of the existing original structure, when the surplus bearing capacity of the beams and columns of the current original structure meets the load capacity of the green plant module and the newly added structure , there is no need to strengthen the beams and columns of the current original structure; when the surplus bearing capacity of the beams and columns of the current original structure does not meet the load capacity of the green plant module and the newly added structure, the beams and columns of the current original structure need to be reinforced.

Preferably, the structural steel column is fixed at the top center of the existing original structural beam and column, and the pressure of the structural steel column, structural steel frame and planting module is evenly distributed on the existing original structural beam and column.

Preferably, the existing existing roof is made of reinforced concrete slabs or prefabricated slabs as a primer, and 1:6 cement slag is laid on it, the lowest part is 30mm thick, the slope is found to be 1%, vibrated and compacted, the surface is smoothed, and then laid A 150mm thick cement vermiculite board insulation layer with a ratio of 1:10, followed by a 20mm thick 1:2.5 cement mortar leveling layer, and finally a three-felt four-oil waterproof layer.

Preferably, the load orientation method is specifically: without structural reinforcement, using a light steel structure to change the uniform load caused by the green plant module into a concentrated load, and controlling the load increment of this part to be within the allowable value of the structural calculation.

Preferably, the load replacement method is specifically as follows: on the premise of no structural reinforcement, the method of replacing the original roof, using a special light steel structure to replace the original roof structure, so that the load of the newly added metal roof is less than the load of the original roof, thereby improving The metal roof can bear the load of green plant modules.

Preferably, in the load orientation method, the specific structure and process of the new waterproof and thermal insulation layer are as follows:

①. Reinforcement and repair of the original roof panel structure;

②. Lay 20mm thick 1:3 cement mortar leveling layer;

③. Lay B1 grade extruded polystyrene board for insulation;

④ Laying corrugated asphalt waterproof board;

⑤. Install 67*21*0.5mm galvanized steel strips;

⑥. Laying 100mm wide and 6mm thick leveling steel strips.

Preferably, in the load replacement method, the specific structure and process of the metal roof are as follows:

①. Reinforcement and repair of the original roof panel structure;

②. Lay 100mm thick 1:3 cement mortar leveling layer;

③. Lay B1 grade extruded polystyrene board for insulation;

④. Lay the thinnest 30mm LC5.0 light aggregate concrete or foam concrete 2% slope layer;

⑤. Lay 200mm thick 1:3 cement mortar leveling layer;

⑥, Laying 4+3mm thick SBS modified asphalt waterproof membrane;

⑦. Lay 10mm thick low-grade mortar isolation layer;

⑧ Lay rigid protective layer: 40mm thick C20 concrete with 4% cement and waterproofing agent, internally equipped with two-way steel mesh with a diameter of 6mm, the vertical and horizontal spacing of the grid joints should not be greater than 6m, and the steel mesh should be broken at the grid joints Open, and fill the sealing material in the grid seam.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

This application detects and judges the original roof. When there are weight-reducing materials on the original roof, the load replacement method is used for construction. On the premise of no structural reinforcement, the original roof is replaced, and the special light steel structure is used to replace the original roof. The roof structure makes the load of the newly added metal roof less than that of the original roof, thereby increasing the load of the green plant module that the metal roof can bear, and finally realizing the roof green planting technology under the condition of reducing the load; when the original roof has no weight-reducing materials During the construction, the load orientation method was adopted for construction. On the premise of no structural reinforcement, the uniform load caused by the green plant module was transformed into a concentrated load by using a light steel structure, and the load increment of this part was controlled within the allowable value of the structural calculation. Finally, Realize the roof greening planting technology under the condition of slightly increased load.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the beam-column arrangement diagram of present situation roof structure of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the layout section view when the original structure bearing capacity of the load orientation method of the present invention is insufficient;

Fig. 4 is a side view of the arrangement when the original structure bearing capacity of the load orientation method of the present invention is sufficient;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the roof structure of the load displacement method of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the cornice structure of the load displacement method of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a structural diagram of the roof ridge of the load displacement method of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides a technical solution: a method for rebuilding a planted roof on a building roof, including the original building roof, including the following steps:

S1: Detect and judge the original roof;

S2: In combination with the practice of retaining the existing roof of the building, verify the scope of the planted roof and verify whether there are weight-reducing materials;

S21: When the planted roof is partially rebuilt or there is no weight-reducing material, the load orientation method is used for construction:

S211: Obtain the layout of beams and columns of the current roof structure;

S212: Calculate the excess bearing capacity of beams and columns of the current original structure;

S213: Calculate the load capacity of the green plant module and the newly added structure, and compare it with the surplus bearing capacity of the existing beams and columns of the original structure;

S214: Remove the original building finish layer to the structural base;

S215: Add new structural steel columns, and make new waterproof insulation layer;

S216: Install a structural steel frame on the structural steel column, and place green plant modules on the structural steel frame;

S22: The load replacement method is used for construction when the planting roof is rebuilt as a whole and there are weight-reducing materials;

S221: Check the weight of the corresponding material;

S222: Remove the original roof finish layer to the structural base, and make a new metal roof;

S223: Calculating the overall surplus load after the weight-reducing material is replaced;

S224: Place a green plant module on the roof.

Among them, the specific content of the detection and determination of the original roof in S1 is: verify whether the old roof panel has original data, if there is no original data, lack of information such as the original structural reinforcement, the reinforcement design cannot be carried out, and this method is applicable at this time; In S2, verify the range of planted roofs: when the single roof area is small and the whole is transformed into a planted roof, the load replacement method is used; when the building’s single roof area is large and partially transformed into a planted roof, the existing load-bearing components need to be used (Columns, load-bearing walls) frame the scope, and use the load orientation method within the scope; some old building panels are generally old, and the relevant design parameters cannot be clearly defined, and reinforcement is difficult.

Among them, the green plant module is rectangular as a whole, and its height is 100mm, and the overall wet weight is less than 35kg/m ² ; the pressure generated by the green plant module on the roof panel is one of the most important factors affecting the planted roof of the old roof, so it is necessary to Control its size and weight, reduce the load on the planted roof, meet the load-bearing conditions of the transformed planted roof, and leave a certain margin to ensure safety.

Among them, when the load capacity of the green plant module and the newly added structure in S213 is compared with the surplus bearing capacity of the beams and columns of the existing original structure, when the surplus bearing capacity of the beams and columns of the existing original structure meets the load capacity of the green plant module and the newly added structure, There is no need to reinforce the beams and columns of the existing original structure; when the surplus bearing capacity of the beams and columns of the existing original structure does not meet the load capacity of the green plant module and the newly added structure, it is necessary to reinforce the beams and columns of the existing original structure; specific According to the analysis, when the bearing capacity is insufficient, it is necessary to increase its bearing capacity to ensure the placement of the green plant module. When the bearing capacity is sufficient, no reinforcement is required, which can save costs and time.

Among them, the structural steel column is fixed at the top center of the existing original structural beam and column, and the pressure of the structural steel column, structural steel frame and planting module are evenly distributed on the existing original structural beam and column; the pressure of the newly added planting structure is distributed on the existing existing original structural beam On the column, through the arrangement of the position, the pressure is evenly distributed, so as to ensure the stability of the beam and column of the current original structure and increase the service life.

Among them, the existing existing roof is made of reinforced concrete slabs or prefabricated slabs, on which 1:6 cement slag is laid, the lowest part is 30mm thick, the slope is 1%, vibrated and compacted, the surface is smoothed, and then 1 : 10-ratio 150mm thick cement vermiculite board insulation layer, followed by laying 20mm thick 1:2.5 cement mortar leveling layer, and finally laying three felts and four oil waterproof layers; the original existing roof design, because the roof has no planting structure with a large load , so its bearing capacity is limited, and the safety of the green plant modules cannot be guaranteed, so it needs to be broken and replaced by a construction method with a lighter structure.

Among them, the load orientation method is specifically: without structural reinforcement, the uniform load caused by the green plant module is transformed into a concentrated load by using a light steel structure, and the load increment of this part is controlled within the allowable value of the structural calculation. The replacement method is specifically: on the premise of no structural reinforcement, the original roof is replaced, and the special light-weight steel structure is used to replace the original roof structure, so that the load of the newly added metal roof is smaller than the original roof load, thereby improving the metal roof. The load of the green plant module; according to the specific design of the different original existing roof conditions, the construction difficulty is reduced. At the same time, no matter the load orientation method or the load replacement method, the original existing roof can reach the load of the green plant module. Transformation, and ensure safety.

Among them, in the load orientation method, the specific structure and process of the new waterproof insulation layer are as follows:

①. Reinforcement and repair of the original roof panel structure;

②. Lay 20mm thick 1:3 cement mortar leveling layer;

③. Lay B1 grade extruded polystyrene board for insulation;

④ Laying corrugated asphalt waterproof board;

⑤. Install 67*21*0.5mm galvanized steel strips;

⑥. Laying 100mm wide and 6mm thick leveling steel strips.

B1-grade extruded polystyrene board is not easy to burn, and has good thermal insulation performance. The corrugated asphalt waterproof board can have better support, and the smooth steel strip can facilitate roof drainage. There is a 3% slope finding at the roof ridge. The roof is convenient for drainage, and its slope is not high. Under strong wind conditions, the green plant module can ensure stability through friction against the roof, and will not be blown by the wind to cause safety hazards.

Among them, in the load replacement method, the specific structure and process of the metal roof are as follows:

①. Reinforcement and repair of the original roof panel structure;

②. Lay 100mm thick 1:3 cement mortar leveling layer;

③. Lay B1 grade extruded polystyrene board for insulation;

④. Lay the thinnest 30mm LC5.0 light aggregate concrete or foam concrete 2% slope layer;

⑤. Lay 200mm thick 1:3 cement mortar leveling layer;

⑥, Laying 4+3mm thick SBS modified asphalt waterproof membrane;

⑦. Lay 10mm thick low-grade mortar isolation layer;

⑧ Lay rigid protective layer: 40mm thick C20 concrete with 4% cement and waterproofing agent, internally equipped with two-way steel mesh with a diameter of 6mm, the vertical and horizontal spacing of the grid joints should not be greater than 6m, and the steel mesh should be broken at the grid joints Open, and fill the sealing material in the grid seam.

The main condition for roof reinforcement is light weight. Light aggregate concrete or foam concrete is used, which not only has high strength, but also has good light performance. This is because the load of the green plant module is concentrated on the beams and columns of the existing original structure. Above all, the roof surface layer is not subject to the load force from the green plant module, and it only needs to ensure that the bearing conditions of the original roof base layer are satisfied.

It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is a relationship between these entities or operations. any such actual relationship or order exists between them. Furthermore, the term "comprises", "comprises" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes elements not expressly listed. other elements of or also include elements inherent in such a process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. The method for reforming the planted roof of the building roof comprises the steps of: the method comprises the following steps:

s1: detecting and judging the original roof;

s2: verifying the extent of the planted roof in combination with retaining the existing roof of the building and verifying whether there is weight-reducible material;

s21: when the planted roof is partially modified or no weight-reducing material is used, a load orientation method is adopted for construction:

s211: acquiring the arrangement condition of the beam column of the current roof structure;

s212: calculating the surplus bearing capacity of the beam column of the original structure;

s213: calculating the load force of the green plant module and the newly added structure, and comparing the load force with the surplus load force of the beam column of the current original structure;

s214: removing the original building finishing layer to the structural base layer;

s215: newly adding a structural steel column and newly manufacturing a waterproof heat-insulating layer;

s216: arranging a structural steel frame on the structural steel column, and arranging a green plant module on the structural steel frame;

s22: when the planted roof is integrally modified and the weight-reducing material is arranged, a load displacement method is adopted for construction;

s221: checking the weight of the corresponding material;

s222: removing the original roof facing layer to the structural base layer, and newly manufacturing a metal roof;

s223: calculating the overall surplus load capacity after the replacement of the weight-reducing material;

s224: and placing a green plant module on the roof.

2. The method of retrofitting a roof of a building to a planted roof of claim 1, wherein: the detection and judgment specific contents of the original roof in the S1 are as follows: verifying whether original data exist in the old roof boards, if the original data do not exist, and if the original data lack information such as original reinforcement of the structure, reinforcement design cannot be performed, and the method is applicable at the moment; checking the range of the planted roof in S2: when the single roof is smaller in area and is integrally transformed into a planted roof, a load displacement method is adopted; when the area of the single building roof is large and the single building roof is locally transformed into a planted roof, the existing bearing member is required to be used for framing a range, and a load orientation method is adopted in the range.

3. The method of retrofitting a roof of a building to a planted roof of claim 1, wherein: the green plant module is rectangular in whole and has a height of 100mm and a whole wet weight of less than 35kg/m ² 。

4. The method of retrofitting a roof of a building to a planted roof of claim 1, wherein: in S213, when the load force of the green plant module and the newly added structure is compared with the surplus load force of the current original structure beam column, and when the surplus load force of the current original structure beam column meets the load force of the green plant module and the newly added structure, the current original structure beam column is not required to be reinforced; when the surplus bearing capacity of the current original structure beam column does not meet the load force of the green planting module and the newly added structure, the current original structure beam column needs to be reinforced.

5. The method of retrofitting a roof of a building to a planted roof of claim 1, wherein: the structural steel column is fixed at the top center of the current original structure beam column, and the pressures of the structural steel column, the structural steel frame and the planting module are uniformly distributed on the current original structure beam column.

6. The method of retrofitting a roof of a building to a planted roof of claim 1, wherein: the original current roofing is made of reinforced concrete, and is prepared by laying a plate or a precast slab, wherein 1:6 cement clinker, 30mm thickness at the lowest part, 1% gradient finding, compact vibration, surface trowelling, and then paving 1:10 proportion of 150mm thick cement vermiculite plate heat preservation layer, then lay 1 of 20mm thick: and 2.5, paving a cement mortar leveling layer and finally paving a three-felt four-oil waterproof layer.

7. The method of retrofitting a roof of a building to a planted roof of claim 1, wherein: the load orientation method specifically comprises the following steps: on the premise of not reinforcing the structure, the uniformly distributed load caused by the green plant modules is changed into concentrated load by utilizing the light steel structure, and the load increment of the part is controlled within the allowable range of structural calculation.

8. The method of retrofitting a roof of a building to a planted roof of claim 1, wherein: the load displacement method specifically comprises the following steps: on the premise of not carrying out structural reinforcement, the original roof is replaced, and the special light steel structure is used for replacing the original roof structure, so that the load capacity of the newly added metal roof is smaller than the load of the original roof, and the load of the green plant module bearable by the metal roof is further improved.

9. The method of retrofitting a roof of a building to a planted roof of claim 1, wherein: in the load orientation method, the specific structure and flow of the new waterproof heat-insulating layer are as follows:

(1) reinforcing and repairing the original roof plate structure;

(2) paving the thickness of 20mm and 1:3, a cement mortar leveling layer;

(3) paving a B1-level extruded polystyrene board for heat preservation;

(4) paving a wave-shaped asphalt waterproof board;

(5) mounting 67 x 21 x 0.5mm galvanized steel strips;

(6) and paving a leveling steel belt with the width of 100mm and the thickness of 6 mm.

10. The method of retrofitting a roof of a building to a planted roof of claim 1, wherein: in the load displacement method, the specific structure and flow of the metal roof are as follows:

(1) reinforcing and repairing the original roof plate structure;

(2) laying 100mm thick 1:3, a cement mortar leveling layer;

(3) paving a B1-level extruded polystyrene board for heat preservation;

(4) paving a slope finding layer with the thinnest thickness of 30mmLC5.0 light aggregate concrete or foam concrete accounting for 2 percent;

(5) paving 200mm thick 1:3, a cement mortar leveling layer;

(6) paving 4+3mm thick SBS modified asphalt waterproof coiled materials;

(7) paving a low-grade mortar isolation layer with the thickness of 10 mm;

(8) paving a rigid protective layer: the C20 concrete with the thickness of 40mm is added with 4 percent of waterproofing agent, a bidirectional reinforcing steel bar net with the diameter value of 6mm is matched, the longitudinal and transverse spacing of the grid joint is not more than 6m, the reinforcing steel bar net is broken at the grid joint, and the grid joint is internally embedded with sealing materials.