CN116531922A - System and method for purifying smoke generated by incineration of general industrial waste - Google Patents

System and method for purifying smoke generated by incineration of general industrial waste Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN116531922A
CN116531922A CN202310629110.3A CN202310629110A CN116531922A CN 116531922 A CN116531922 A CN 116531922A CN 202310629110 A CN202310629110 A CN 202310629110A CN 116531922 A CN116531922 A CN 116531922A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
flue gas
bag
fly ash
stage
type dust
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202310629110.3A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张鑫
陈晓波
邱立波
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wuxi Xuelang Environmental Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Wuxi Xuelang Environmental Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wuxi Xuelang Environmental Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Wuxi Xuelang Environmental Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN202310629110.3A priority Critical patent/CN116531922A/en
Publication of CN116531922A publication Critical patent/CN116531922A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
    • B01D46/023—Pockets filters, i.e. multiple bag filters mounted on a common frame
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
    • B01D46/04—Cleaning filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
    • B01D53/10—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds with dispersed adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
    • B01D53/40—Acidic components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/76—Gas phase processes, e.g. by using aerosols
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
    • B01D53/83—Solid phase processes with moving reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/8631—Processes characterised by a specific device

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种一般工业垃圾焚烧烟气净化系统，其在保证出口烟气达到国家排放标准要求的同时，降低烟气净化系统过程所产生飞灰的总处置成本，进而降低一般工业固体废弃物处置项目的日运行成本。本申请中，利用烟气的脱销和脱酸过程，将三个布袋除尘器分别设置在脱销设备和脱酸设备之间的不同位置，确保每个除尘器吸收的飞灰中的主要成分不同，每个除尘器分别连接不同的飞灰处理设备，而无需都连接到危废处理设备中。同时，本申请还公开了一种一般工业垃圾焚烧烟气净化方法。

The invention provides a general industrial waste incineration flue gas purification system, which can reduce the total disposal cost of fly ash produced in the process of the flue gas purification system while ensuring that the outlet flue gas meets the requirements of the national emission standards, thereby reducing general industrial solid waste The daily running cost of the disposition item. In this application, using the destocking and deacidification process of the flue gas, three bag dust collectors are respectively installed in different positions between the destocking equipment and the deacidification equipment to ensure that the main components of the fly ash absorbed by each dust collector are different. Each dust collector is connected to different fly ash treatment equipment, instead of all being connected to hazardous waste treatment equipment. At the same time, the application also discloses a method for purifying flue gas from incineration of general industrial waste.

Description

一种一般工业垃圾焚烧烟气净化系统和方法A general industrial waste incineration flue gas purification system and method

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及垃圾焚烧技术领域，具体为一种一般工业垃圾焚烧烟气净化系统和方法。The invention relates to the technical field of waste incineration, in particular to a general industrial waste incineration flue gas purification system and method.

背景技术Background technique

一般工业固体废弃物是资源开发利用的产物，一般为生产边角料、建筑废弃物、包装废弃物、废弃塑料、树脂、橡胶等。相对城市生活垃圾，一般工业固废具有难降解、污染大的特性，同时部分工业固废热值却高于生活垃圾。General industrial solid waste is the product of resource development and utilization, generally including production scraps, construction waste, packaging waste, waste plastics, resins, rubber, etc. Compared with municipal solid waste, general industrial solid waste is difficult to degrade and pollutes a lot. At the same time, the calorific value of some industrial solid waste is higher than that of domestic waste.

随着国内环保标准和民众对环境质量要求的日益提高，一般工业固体废弃物焚烧后烟气排放要求不断提高。目前的一般工业固体废弃物焚烧烟气净化处理的方法，在一般工业固体废弃物焚烧后烟气在不同阶段都会产生大量固体产物（飞灰）需要处理。其中，经高温焚烧后的飞灰一般可作为一般固废进行处置，处置成本比较低。但是，如：申请号为201310639722.7的专利所示的危废焚烧烟气净化系统中，在经过烟气脱酸系统及二噁英脱除处置后，产生的飞灰中同时包括二噁英和钙盐，所以一般会被视作为危险废弃物。而这部分作为危废处理的飞灰处置的成本占后期飞灰处置总费用的一大部分，进而导致一般工业固体废弃物的处理成本居高不下。With the domestic environmental protection standards and the public's increasing requirements for environmental quality, the requirements for flue gas emissions after the incineration of general industrial solid waste continue to increase. In the current method of purifying flue gas from general industrial solid waste incineration, a large amount of solid products (fly ash) will be produced at different stages after the general industrial solid waste is incinerated. Among them, fly ash after high-temperature incineration can generally be disposed of as general solid waste, and the disposal cost is relatively low. However, for example, in the hazardous waste incineration flue gas purification system shown in the patent application No. 201310639722.7, after the flue gas deacidification system and dioxin removal treatment, the generated fly ash contains both dioxins and calcium salts , so it is generally regarded as hazardous waste. The cost of disposal of this part of fly ash, which is treated as hazardous waste, accounts for a large part of the total cost of fly ash disposal in the later stage, which in turn leads to the high cost of general industrial solid waste treatment.

发明内容Contents of the invention

为了解决一般工业固体废弃物的处理成本居高不下的问题，本发明提供一种一般工业垃圾焚烧烟气净化系统，其在保证出口烟气达到国家排放标准要求的同时，降低烟气净化系统过程所产生飞灰的总处置成本，进而降低一般工业固体废弃物处置项目的日运行成本。同时，本申请还公开了一种一般工业垃圾焚烧烟气净化方法。In order to solve the problem of high processing cost of general industrial solid waste, the present invention provides a general industrial waste incineration flue gas purification system, which can reduce the flue gas purification system process while ensuring that the outlet flue gas meets the requirements of the national emission standards. The total disposal cost of the generated fly ash, thereby reducing the daily operating cost of general industrial solid waste disposal projects. At the same time, the application also discloses a general industrial waste incineration flue gas purification method.

本发明的结构是这样的：一种一般工业垃圾焚烧烟气净化系统，其包括：脱销装置、脱酸装置和除尘装置，其特征在于：所述脱销装置包括：SNCR反应器和SCR反应器；所述脱酸装置包括：半干法脱酸反应塔，所述除尘装置包括：一级布袋除尘器、二级布袋除尘器和三级布袋除尘器；The structure of the present invention is as follows: a general industrial waste incineration flue gas purification system, which includes: destocking device, deacidification device and dust removal device, characterized in that: the destocking device includes: SNCR reactor and SCR reactor; The deacidification device includes: a semi-dry deacidification reaction tower, and the dust removal device includes: a first-stage bag filter, a second-stage bag filter and a third-stage bag filter;

所述SNCR反应器的烟气排出口连接所述半干法脱酸反应塔的烟气入口，所述半干法脱酸反应塔的烟气出口连接所述一级布袋除尘器的烟气入口，所述一级布袋除尘器的烟气出口连接所述二级布袋除尘器的入口，所述二级布袋除尘器的出口连接所述SCR反应器的入口，所述SCR反应器的出口连接所述三级布袋除尘器的烟气入口，所述三级布袋除尘器的出口经由引风机连接烟囱；The flue gas outlet of the SNCR reactor is connected to the flue gas inlet of the semi-dry deacidification reaction tower, and the flue gas outlet of the semi-dry deacidification reaction tower is connected to the flue gas inlet of the first-stage bag filter , the flue gas outlet of the first-stage bag filter is connected to the inlet of the second-stage bag filter, the outlet of the second-stage bag filter is connected to the inlet of the SCR reactor, and the outlet of the SCR reactor is connected to the The flue gas inlet of the three-stage bag filter, the outlet of the three-stage bag filter is connected to the chimney via an induced draft fan;

所述半干法脱酸反应塔设置小苏打喷射装置；Described semi-dry deacidification reaction tower is provided with sodium bicarbonate injection device;

所述一级布袋除尘器和所述二级布袋除尘器之间的烟道上设置烟气加热器，所述二级布袋除尘器的烟气入口设置小苏打喷射装置；A flue gas heater is arranged on the flue between the first-level bag filter and the second-level bag filter, and a baking soda injection device is installed at the flue gas inlet of the second-level bag filter;

所述三级布袋除尘器的烟气入口设置活性炭喷射装置；The flue gas inlet of the three-stage bag filter is provided with an activated carbon injection device;

所述一级布袋除尘器、所述二级布袋除尘器和所述三级布袋除尘器的飞灰排出结构分别为：一级飞灰仓、二级飞灰仓和三级飞灰仓；The fly ash discharge structures of the first-stage bag filter, the second-stage bag filter, and the third-stage bag filter are: a first-stage fly ash bin, a second-stage fly ash bin, and a third-stage fly ash bin;

所述一级飞回仓连接一般固废处理设备；所述二级飞灰仓中设置盐度分析设备；所述三级飞灰仓连接危废处理设备。The first-level fly ash bin is connected to general solid waste treatment equipment; the second-level fly ash bin is equipped with salinity analysis equipment; the third-level fly ash bin is connected to hazardous waste treatment equipment.

其进一步特征在于：It is further characterized by:

所述SCR反应器和所述三级布袋除尘器之间的烟道上设置烟气换热设备；Flue gas heat exchange equipment is arranged on the flue between the SCR reactor and the three-stage bag filter;

所述SNCR反应器和所述半干法脱酸反应塔之间的烟道上设置烟气换热设备。Flue gas heat exchange equipment is arranged on the flue between the SNCR reactor and the semi-dry deacidification reaction tower.

一种一般工业垃圾焚烧烟气净化方法，其特征在于，其包括以下步骤：A general industrial waste incineration flue gas purification method is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

S1：在一般工业垃圾的焚烧炉内，利用焚烧炉内高温区域，进行SNCR非催化还原脱硝反应；S1: In the incinerator of general industrial waste, use the high temperature area in the incinerator to perform SNCR non-catalytic reduction denitrification reaction;

S2：将经过一次脱销的烟气基于旋转喷雾半干法脱酸工艺，利用小苏打作为脱酸剂进行烟气脱酸反应；S2: Based on the rotary spray semi-dry deacidification process of the flue gas that has been out of stock once, use baking soda as the deacidification agent to carry out the flue gas deacidification reaction;

S3：在第一次脱酸后，将烟气引入一级布袋除尘器，收集烟气中的含钙盐的飞灰；S3: After the first deacidification, the flue gas is introduced into the first-stage bag filter to collect the fly ash containing calcium salt in the flue gas;

S4：在将烟气与小苏打进行反应后，送入二级布袋除尘器，收集烟气中含钠盐的飞灰；S4: After reacting the flue gas with baking soda, send it to the secondary bag filter to collect the fly ash containing sodium salt in the flue gas;

S5：将烟气引入到SCR脱硝系统，在中低温区域进行催化还原脱硝反应后，送入三级布袋除尘器；S5: The flue gas is introduced into the SCR denitrification system, and after the catalytic reduction denitrification reaction is carried out in the medium and low temperature area, it is sent to the three-stage bag filter;

S6：三级布袋除尘器进口设置活性炭喷射装置，利用活性炭的高比表面对烟气进行二噁英脱除；含有二噁英的飞灰被截留在三级布袋除尘器中。S6: The inlet of the three-stage bag filter is equipped with an activated carbon injection device, and the high specific surface of the activated carbon is used to remove dioxins from the flue gas; the fly ash containing dioxin is trapped in the three-stage bag filter.

其进一步特征在于：It is further characterized by:

所述一级布袋除尘器收集的含钙盐的飞灰作为一般固废进行后续处理；The calcium salt-containing fly ash collected by the first-stage bag filter is carried out as general solid waste for follow-up treatment;

所述二级布袋除尘器收集的含钠盐的飞灰，进行钠盐浓度测试，如果钠盐浓度低于10%则作为一般固废进行处理，否则，作为危险废物处理；The fly ash containing sodium salt collected by the secondary bag filter is tested for sodium salt concentration, and if the sodium salt concentration is lower than 10%, it is treated as general solid waste, otherwise, it is treated as hazardous waste;

所述三级布袋除尘器收集的含二噁英的飞灰，送入危废处理系统，作为危险废物进行处理；The dioxin-containing fly ash collected by the three-stage bag filter is sent to the hazardous waste treatment system and processed as hazardous waste;

所述SCR脱硝系统出口排出的烟气，进行热回收热量，将温度降到活性炭吸附工作温度区域后，再将烟气送入到三级布袋除尘器。The flue gas discharged from the outlet of the SCR denitrification system undergoes heat recovery, and after the temperature is lowered to the working temperature range of activated carbon adsorption, the flue gas is sent to the three-stage bag filter.

本发明提供的一种一般工业垃圾焚烧烟气净化系统和方法，烟气经过一次脱销和一级脱酸后，送入一级布袋除尘器中，将烟气中含钙飞灰进行回收，回收的含钙飞灰可以做为一般固废进行处理；然后将烟气送到二级布袋除尘器，因为二级布袋除尘器入口设置了小苏打喷射装置，烟气中的大部分酸性物质会被截留在二级布袋除尘器中；二级布袋除尘器排出的烟气经过SCR反应器脱销后，送入到三级布袋除尘器中；因为三级布袋除尘器种设置火星他喷射装置，利用活性炭的高比表面进行二噁英脱除，含有二噁英的飞灰被三级布袋除尘器截留；本申请中，利用烟气的脱销和脱酸过程，将三个布袋除尘器分别设置在脱销设备和脱酸设备之间的不同位置，确保每个除尘器吸收的飞灰中的主要成分不同，每个除尘器分别连接不同的飞灰处理设备，而无需都连接到危废处理设备中，降低了飞灰处置的成本，进而降低了一般工业固体废弃物的整体处理成本。The present invention provides a system and method for purifying flue gas from general industrial waste incineration. The calcium-containing fly ash can be treated as general solid waste; then the flue gas is sent to the secondary bag filter, because the inlet of the secondary bag filter is equipped with a baking soda injection device, most of the acidic substances in the flue gas will be eliminated Trapped in the second-stage bag filter; the flue gas discharged from the second-stage bag filter is sent to the third-stage bag filter after being discharged from the SCR reactor; because the third-stage bag filter is equipped with a spark injection device, using activated carbon The high specific surface of the dioxin is removed, and the fly ash containing dioxin is intercepted by the three-stage bag filter; The different positions between the equipment and the deacidification equipment ensure that the main components of the fly ash absorbed by each dust collector are different, and each dust collector is connected to different fly ash treatment equipment, instead of all being connected to hazardous waste treatment equipment. The cost of fly ash disposal is reduced, thereby reducing the overall treatment cost of general industrial solid waste.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为一般工业垃圾焚烧烟气净化系统的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a general industrial waste incineration flue gas purification system;

图2为一般工业固体废弃物焚烧烟气污染物排放浓度表。Figure 2 is a table showing the emission concentration of flue gas pollutants from general industrial solid waste incineration.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

如图1所示，本发明的结构是这样的：一种一般工业垃圾焚烧烟气净化系统，其包括：脱销装置、脱酸装置和除尘装置，其特征在于：脱销装置包括：SNCR反应器1和SCR反应器5；脱酸装置包括：半干法脱酸反应塔2，除尘装置包括：一级布袋除尘器3、二级布袋除尘器4和三级布袋除尘器6。As shown in Figure 1, the structure of the present invention is such: a kind of general industrial waste incineration flue gas purification system, it comprises: off-stock device, deacidification device and dedusting device, it is characterized in that: off-stock device comprises: SNCR reactor 1 and SCR reactor 5; the deacidification device includes: a semi-dry deacidification reaction tower 2, and the dust removal device includes: a primary bag filter 3, a secondary bag filter 4 and a tertiary bag filter 6.

在一般工业垃圾的焚烧炉内，设置SNCR（selective non-catalytic reduction）反应器1，利用焚烧炉内高温区域（850~1050℃）进行非催化还原脱硝反应（SNCR），脱硝效率可达50%以上。In the incinerator of general industrial waste, SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) reactor 1 is installed, and the non-catalytic reduction denitrification reaction (SNCR) is carried out by using the high temperature area (850~1050°C) in the incinerator, and the denitrification efficiency can reach 50%. above.

SNCR反应器1排出的烟气，通过第一烟气换热装置18进行换热降温，将温度降到190~220℃后，送入半干法（SDA）脱酸反应塔2的烟气入口，半干法脱酸反应塔2的烟气出口连接一级布袋除尘器3的烟气入口。在半干法脱酸反应塔2中，使用旋转雾化器2-1喷射Ca(OH)2液体到反应塔中的烟气中，基于利用Ca(OH)2作为脱酸剂进行烟气脱酸反应。烟气在脱酸反应塔2脱酸效率可达85%以上，脱酸过程中产生的飞灰由半干法脱酸反应塔2及一级布袋除尘器3截留，经输灰设备如：刮埋板输灰机13进行收集并运输，基于都是提升机15运输至一级飞灰仓14中。The flue gas discharged from the SNCR reactor 1 is exchanged and cooled by the first flue gas heat exchange device 18, and after the temperature is lowered to 190~220°C, it is sent to the flue gas inlet of the semi-dry method (SDA) deacidification reaction tower 2 , the flue gas outlet of the semi-dry deacidification reaction tower 2 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the first-stage bag filter 3 . In the semi-dry deacidification reaction tower 2, use the rotary atomizer 2-1 to inject Ca(OH) liquid into the flue gas in the reaction tower, based on utilizing Ca(OH ) as a deacidification agent to carry out flue gas deacidification Acid reaction. The deacidification efficiency of the flue gas in the deacidification reaction tower 2 can reach more than 85%. The fly ash produced in the deacidification process is intercepted by the semi-dry deacidification reaction tower 2 and the first-stage bag filter 3, and is transported through the ash conveying equipment such as: scraping The buried plate ash conveyer 13 collects and transports the ash into the primary fly ash bin 14 based on the hoist 15 .

因为脱酸反应塔2中产生的飞灰主要成分为钙盐，其产生量占整个烟气净化系统的90%以上。一级飞灰仓14连接一般固废处理设备（途中未标记），后续作为一般固废进行处理，如：主要成分为钙盐的飞灰可以进行固化处理，成本较低。与现有技术中含钙飞灰和含二噁英飞灰混杂，无法分开处理的方法相比，极大地降低了飞灰的处理成本。Because the main component of the fly ash produced in the deacidification reaction tower 2 is calcium salt, its production accounts for more than 90% of the entire flue gas purification system. The first-level fly ash bin 14 is connected to general solid waste treatment equipment (not marked on the way), and subsequently treated as general solid waste. For example, fly ash whose main component is calcium salt can be solidified, and the cost is low. Compared with the method in the prior art that the calcium-containing fly ash and the dioxin-containing fly ash are mixed and cannot be treated separately, the processing cost of the fly ash is greatly reduced.

一级布袋除尘器3的烟气出口连接二级布袋除尘器4的入口，一级布袋除尘器3和二级布袋除尘器4之间的烟道上设置烟气加热器8。一级布袋除尘器3出口烟气经烟气加热器8加热升温至210℃以后，进入二级布袋除尘器4，二级布袋除尘器4进口设置小苏打喷射装置9，利用小苏打（NaHCO3）高活性进行深度脱酸反应，此处产生的飞灰被二级布袋除尘器4截留，经仓泵16收集并运输至二级飞灰仓7中。The flue gas outlet of the first-stage bag filter 3 is connected to the inlet of the second-stage bag filter 4 , and a flue gas heater 8 is installed on the flue between the first-stage bag filter 3 and the second-stage bag filter 4 . After the flue gas at the outlet of the first-level bag filter 3 is heated to 210°C by the flue gas heater 8, it enters the second-level bag filter 4, and the inlet of the second-level bag filter 4 is equipped with a baking soda injection device 9, using baking soda (NaHCO3) The high-activity deep deacidification reaction is carried out, and the fly ash produced here is intercepted by the secondary bag filter 4, collected by the warehouse pump 16 and transported to the secondary fly ash bin 7.

二级飞灰仓7中设置盐度分析设备7-1，对飞灰中的钠盐浓度进行测试。如果低于10%，则可以做为一般固废进行处理，如果高于10%，则作为危险固废进行处理。此处的飞灰产生量占整个烟气净化系统的5%左右，在长期不间断的固废处理过程中，也对降低整体飞灰处理成本起到了很大作用。A salinity analysis device 7-1 is installed in the secondary fly ash bin 7 to test the concentration of sodium salt in the fly ash. If it is less than 10%, it can be treated as general solid waste, and if it is higher than 10%, it can be treated as hazardous solid waste. The amount of fly ash produced here accounts for about 5% of the entire flue gas purification system. During the long-term uninterrupted solid waste treatment process, it also plays a significant role in reducing the overall cost of fly ash treatment.

二级布袋除尘器4的出口连接SCR反应器5的入口，二级布袋除尘器4排出的烟气在180~200℃左右，进入SCR反应器5后，后经脱销系统处理烟气在中低温区域（180~200℃）进行催化还原脱硝反应（SCR），脱硝效率可达90%以上。至此，通过两种脱硝设备组合处理后，可以确保焚烧烟气中氮氧化物达到排放要求。The outlet of the secondary bag filter 4 is connected to the inlet of the SCR reactor 5. The flue gas discharged from the secondary bag filter 4 is at about 180~200°C. Area (180~200℃) for catalytic reduction denitrification reaction (SCR), the denitrification efficiency can reach more than 90%. So far, after the combined treatment of the two denitrification equipment, it can ensure that the nitrogen oxides in the incineration flue gas meet the emission requirements.

SCR反应器5的出口连接三级布袋除尘器6的烟气入口，SCR反应器5和三级布袋除尘器6之间的烟道上设置第二烟气换热设备10。SCR反应器5排出的烟气，经由第二烟气换热设备10回收热量后温度降至140℃左右，满足活性炭的反应温度要求。三级布袋除尘器6的烟气入口设置活性炭喷射装置11，利用活性炭的高比表面对烟气进行二噁英脱除，此处产生的飞灰被三级布袋除尘器6截留，经仓泵收集并运输至三级飞灰仓17，含有二噁英的飞灰产生量占整个烟气净化系统的2%左右，作为危险固废进行处理。The outlet of the SCR reactor 5 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the three-stage bag filter 6 , and the second flue gas heat exchange device 10 is arranged on the flue between the SCR reactor 5 and the three-stage bag filter 6 . The temperature of the flue gas discharged from the SCR reactor 5 is reduced to about 140° C. after the heat is recovered by the second flue gas heat exchange device 10 , which meets the reaction temperature requirement of activated carbon. The flue gas inlet of the three-stage bag filter 6 is equipped with an activated carbon injection device 11, and the high specific surface of the activated carbon is used to remove dioxins from the flue gas. The fly ash produced here is intercepted by the three-stage bag filter 6 and passed through the warehouse pump Collected and transported to the third-level fly ash bin 17, the amount of fly ash containing dioxins accounts for about 2% of the entire flue gas purification system, and is treated as hazardous solid waste.

三级布袋除尘器6的出口经由引风机12连接烟囱，将满足排放标准的烟气排放到大气中。The outlet of the three-stage bag filter 6 is connected to the chimney through the induced draft fan 12, and the flue gas that meets the emission standard is discharged into the atmosphere.

基于上述烟气净化系统而实现的一般工业垃圾焚烧烟气净化方法，其包括以下步骤。The general industrial waste incineration flue gas purification method realized based on the above-mentioned flue gas purification system includes the following steps.

S1：在一般工业垃圾的焚烧炉内，利用焚烧炉内高温区域，进行SNCR非催化还原脱硝反应。S1: In the incinerator of general industrial waste, use the high temperature area in the incinerator to perform SNCR non-catalytic reduction denitrification reaction.

S2：将经过一次脱销的烟气基于旋转喷雾半干法脱酸工艺，利用小苏打作为脱酸剂进行烟气脱酸反应。S2: Based on the rotary spray semi-dry deacidification process of the flue gas that has been sold out once, the flue gas deacidification reaction is carried out using baking soda as the deacidification agent.

S3：在第一次脱酸后，将烟气引入一级布袋除尘器3，收集烟气中的含钙盐的飞灰；一级布袋除尘器3收集的含钙盐的飞灰作为一般固废进行后续处理。S3: After the first deacidification, the flue gas is introduced into the first-stage bag filter 3 to collect the fly ash containing calcium salt in the flue gas; the fly ash containing calcium salt collected by the first-stage bag filter 3 is used as the general solid waste for subsequent processing.

S4：在将烟气与小苏打进行反应后，送入二级布袋除尘器4，收集烟气中含钠盐的飞灰；二级布袋除尘器4收集的含钠盐的飞灰，进行钠盐浓度测试，如果钠盐浓度低于10%则作为一般固废进行处理，否则，作为危险废物处理。S4: After the flue gas is reacted with baking soda, it is sent to the secondary bag filter 4 to collect the fly ash containing sodium salt in the flue gas; the fly ash containing sodium salt collected by the secondary bag filter Salt concentration test, if the sodium salt concentration is lower than 10%, it will be treated as general solid waste, otherwise, it will be treated as hazardous waste.

S5：将烟气引入到SCR脱硝系统，在180~200℃的中低温区域进行催化还原脱硝反应。对SCR脱硝系统出口排出的烟气，进行热回收热量，将温度降到活性炭吸附工作温度区域后，再将烟气送入到三级布袋除尘器6。S5: Introduce the flue gas into the SCR denitrification system, and carry out the catalytic reduction denitrification reaction in the medium and low temperature area of 180~200°C. For the flue gas discharged from the outlet of the SCR denitrification system, the heat is recovered, and the temperature is lowered to the working temperature range of activated carbon adsorption, and then the flue gas is sent to the three-stage bag filter 6.

S6：三级布袋除尘器6进口设置活性炭喷射装置11，利用活性炭的高比表面对烟气进行二噁英脱除；含有二噁英的飞灰被截留在三级布袋除尘器6中。三级布袋除尘器6收集的含二噁英的飞灰，作为危险废物进行处理；S6: The inlet of the three-stage bag filter 6 is equipped with an activated carbon injection device 11, which uses the high specific surface of the activated carbon to remove dioxins from the flue gas; the fly ash containing dioxin is trapped in the three-stage bag filter 6 . The dioxin-containing fly ash collected by the three-stage bag filter 6 is treated as hazardous waste;

使用本发明的技术方案后，通过合理分配各脱酸脱硝设备所在的工艺位置，在保证出口烟气达到国家排放标准要求的同时，将总量最大的含钙盐飞灰与含二噁英的飞灰分离出来单独处理，极大地降低了作为危险固废处理的飞灰量，降低了烟气净化系统过程所产生飞灰的总处置成本，以此降低一般工业固体废弃物处置项目的日运行成本。基于本申请烟气净化系统和工艺处理后，一般工业固体废弃物焚烧烟气污染物排放浓度如附图2的一般工业固体废弃物焚烧烟气污染物排放浓度表所示。表格中的设计值即为本系统能够达到的浓度，符合现行的烟气排放相关法规规定。After using the technical solution of the present invention, by rationally allocating the process positions of each deacidification and denitrification equipment, while ensuring that the outlet flue gas meets the requirements of the national emission standards, the fly ash containing the calcium salt with the largest total amount and the dioxin-containing Fly ash is separated and treated separately, which greatly reduces the amount of fly ash treated as hazardous solid waste, reduces the total disposal cost of fly ash generated in the flue gas purification system process, and thus reduces the daily operation of general industrial solid waste disposal projects cost. Based on the flue gas purification system and process of this application, the emission concentration of flue gas pollutants from general industrial solid waste incineration is shown in the table of emission concentration of flue gas pollutants from general industrial solid waste incineration in Figure 2. The design value in the table is the concentration that the system can achieve, which complies with the current regulations on flue gas emission.

Claims (6)

1. A general industrial waste incineration flue gas purification system, comprising: the device is taken off to the pin, deacidification device and dust collector, its characterized in that: the pin removal device comprises: SNCR reactor and SCR reactor; the deacidification apparatus includes: the semi-dry deacidification reaction tower, dust collector includes: a first-stage bag-type dust remover, a second-stage bag-type dust remover and a third-stage bag-type dust remover;
the flue gas outlet of the SNCR reactor is connected with the flue gas inlet of the semi-dry deacidification reaction tower, the flue gas outlet of the semi-dry deacidification reaction tower is connected with the flue gas inlet of the primary cloth bag dust remover, the flue gas outlet of the primary cloth bag dust remover is connected with the inlet of the secondary cloth bag dust remover, the outlet of the secondary cloth bag dust remover is connected with the inlet of the SCR reactor, the outlet of the SCR reactor is connected with the flue gas inlet of the tertiary cloth bag dust remover, and the outlet of the tertiary cloth bag dust remover is connected with a chimney through a draught fan;
the semi-dry deacidification reaction tower is provided with a baking soda injection device;
a flue gas heater is arranged on a flue between the primary bag-type dust collector and the secondary bag-type dust collector, and a baking soda injection device is arranged at a flue gas inlet of the secondary bag-type dust collector;
the flue gas inlet of the three-stage bag-type dust collector is provided with an active carbon injection device;
the fly ash discharge structures of the primary bag-type dust collector, the secondary bag-type dust collector and the tertiary bag-type dust collector are respectively as follows: a first-stage ash flying bin, a second-stage ash flying bin and a third-stage ash flying bin;
the first-stage fly-back bin is connected with general solid waste treatment equipment; a salinity analysis device is arranged in the secondary ash bin; the third-level ash flying bin is connected with dangerous waste treatment equipment.
2. A general industrial waste incineration flue gas purification system according to claim 1, characterised in that: and flue gas heat exchange equipment is arranged on a flue between the SCR reactor and the three-stage bag-type dust remover.
3. A general industrial waste incineration flue gas purification system according to claim 1, characterised in that: and flue gas heat exchange equipment is arranged on a flue between the SNCR reactor and the semi-dry deacidification reaction tower.
4. The general industrial waste incineration flue gas purification method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: in an incinerator of general industrial garbage, carrying out SNCR non-catalytic reduction denitration reaction by utilizing a high temperature area in the incinerator;
s2: carrying out flue gas deacidification reaction by taking sodium bicarbonate as a deacidification agent on the flue gas subjected to primary denitration based on a rotary spray semi-dry deacidification process;
s3: after the first deacidification, introducing the flue gas into a first-stage bag-type dust collector, and collecting the fly ash containing calcium salt in the flue gas;
s4: after the flue gas reacts with sodium bicarbonate, the flue gas is sent into a secondary bag-type dust collector, and fly ash containing sodium salt in the flue gas is collected;
s5: introducing the flue gas into an SCR denitration system, carrying out catalytic reduction denitration reaction in a medium-low temperature area, and then, feeding the flue gas into a three-stage bag-type dust remover;
s6: an activated carbon injection device is arranged at the inlet of the three-stage bag-type dust collector, and dioxin removal is carried out on the flue gas by utilizing the high specific surface of activated carbon; fly ash containing dioxin is trapped in a three-stage bag-type dust collector.
5. The method for purifying the flue gas generated by the incineration of general industrial waste according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the fly ash containing calcium salt collected by the primary bag-type dust collector is used as general solid waste for subsequent treatment;
the fly ash containing sodium salt collected by the secondary bag-type dust collector is subjected to sodium salt concentration test, if the concentration of the sodium salt is lower than 10%, the fly ash is treated as general solid waste, otherwise, the fly ash is treated as dangerous waste;
and the fly ash containing dioxin collected by the three-stage bag-type dust collector is sent into a hazardous waste treatment system and is treated as hazardous waste.
6. The method for purifying the flue gas generated by the incineration of general industrial waste according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: and the flue gas exhausted from the outlet of the SCR denitration system is subjected to heat recovery, the temperature is reduced to an active carbon adsorption working temperature area, and then the flue gas is sent to a three-stage cloth bag dust remover.
CN202310629110.3A 2023-05-31 2023-05-31 System and method for purifying smoke generated by incineration of general industrial waste Pending CN116531922A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310629110.3A CN116531922A (en) 2023-05-31 2023-05-31 System and method for purifying smoke generated by incineration of general industrial waste

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310629110.3A CN116531922A (en) 2023-05-31 2023-05-31 System and method for purifying smoke generated by incineration of general industrial waste

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116531922A true CN116531922A (en) 2023-08-04

Family

ID=87443523

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202310629110.3A Pending CN116531922A (en) 2023-05-31 2023-05-31 System and method for purifying smoke generated by incineration of general industrial waste

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116531922A (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112121614A (en) * 2020-09-23 2020-12-25 山鹰国际控股股份公司 Stable ultralow emission device and method for solid waste incineration flue gas
CN112594728A (en) * 2020-12-07 2021-04-02 安徽欣创节能环保科技股份有限公司 Domestic waste incineration fly ash classification treatment system
CN213913082U (en) * 2021-07-07 2021-08-10 北京高能时代环境技术股份有限公司 Clean efficient waste incineration flue gas purification system
CN113559690A (en) * 2021-07-23 2021-10-29 浙江大学 Integrated purification system and method for waste incineration flue gas and fly ash
CN114471105A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-05-13 武汉龙净环保科技有限公司 Solid waste incinerator tail gas treatment process
CN220194464U (en) * 2023-05-31 2023-12-19 无锡雪浪环境科技股份有限公司 General industrial waste burns gas cleaning system

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112121614A (en) * 2020-09-23 2020-12-25 山鹰国际控股股份公司 Stable ultralow emission device and method for solid waste incineration flue gas
CN112594728A (en) * 2020-12-07 2021-04-02 安徽欣创节能环保科技股份有限公司 Domestic waste incineration fly ash classification treatment system
CN213913082U (en) * 2021-07-07 2021-08-10 北京高能时代环境技术股份有限公司 Clean efficient waste incineration flue gas purification system
CN113559690A (en) * 2021-07-23 2021-10-29 浙江大学 Integrated purification system and method for waste incineration flue gas and fly ash
CN114471105A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-05-13 武汉龙净环保科技有限公司 Solid waste incinerator tail gas treatment process
CN220194464U (en) * 2023-05-31 2023-12-19 无锡雪浪环境科技股份有限公司 General industrial waste burns gas cleaning system

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN102489149B (en) Flue-gas purification handling method
CN110756033A (en) Deep purification treatment system and process for waste incineration power station flue gas
CN105944564A (en) Coke oven flue gas waste heat recycling, desulfurization and denitration integrated system and method
CN1812828A (en) Combustion exhaust treatment device and treatment method
CN111389166A (en) Hazardous waste incinerator tail gas purification process
WO2018192564A1 (en) Flue gas purification system for domestic waste pyrolysis incinerator
CN215388629U (en) Pollutant collaborative purification system for waste incineration flue gas
CN106955575A (en) A kind of Biohazard Waste based on fuse salt burns, is pyrolyzed exhaust gas purification system and method
CN113262623A (en) Process method for cooperatively treating various pollutants in flue gas of waste incinerator
CN110404404A (en) A kind of high chlorine incineration flue gas synergistic purification technique of high-sulfur
CN113813960A (en) A kind of bifunctional powder and its preparation method and application
CN109331557A (en) A kind of cement kiln bypass flue gas purifying method
CN207169393U (en) A kind of Biohazard Waste based on fuse salt is burned, pyrolysis exhaust gas purification system
CN205903778U (en) Flue gas purification system
CN214233470U (en) Incineration flue gas ultralow emission purification treatment system
CN103769408B (en) A kind of waste and old board-like catalyst method for innocent treatment and processing system
CN213119120U (en) Hazardous waste salt carbonization system based on incinerator
CN108452663B (en) Solid waste incineration flue gas purification treatment method
CN115957610A (en) Waste incineration flue gas treatment system and treatment method
CN218532258U (en) Thermal desorption system for fly ash dioxin
CN106039957B (en) Flue gas purification system and flue gas purification method
CN220194464U (en) General industrial waste burns gas cleaning system
CN112594728A (en) Domestic waste incineration fly ash classification treatment system
CN110841447A (en) Wet-method-SCR combined purification method and system for waste incineration flue gas
CN212025143U (en) Contain Cu industrial sludge danger useless resourceful treatment system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination