Traditional Chinese medicine extraction concentrator
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine extraction, in particular to a traditional Chinese medicine extraction concentrator.
Background
The concentrating tank consists of vertical pipe heater, concentrator, condenser, pipeline valve, etc. and the vacuum system may be matched with other equipment with hydraulic ejector or vacuum ejector.
For example, chinese traditional medicine immersion liquid decompression enrichment facility that chinese patent number CN213724875U published, its major structure includes concentrated jar, motor and vacuum pump case, the top of concentrated jar is through the bolt fastening motor case, the inside of motor case is through the bolt fastening motor, the outer wall of concentrated jar leads to the screw fastening and has the vacuum pump case, the inlet tube is installed in one side outer wall penetration of concentrated jar, the inboard top of concentrated jar is led to the bolt fastening and is had the fixed box, the inside of fixed box is through the bolt fastening gas-liquid separator, the opposite side outer wall of concentrated jar is through bolt fastening installation door. Can be to the condensed tank water through the inlet tube, thereby rotate through the stirring leaf and wash condensed tank in, make things convenient for the staff to wash condensed tank, can take out the inside gas of condensed tank when the vacuum pump operates, reduce the inside atmospheric pressure of condensed tank, reduce the boiling point of water evaporation through low atmospheric pressure, improve the concentrated efficiency of traditional chinese medicine.
In actual process, because a large amount of water vapor located in the inner cavity of the concentration tank cannot be discharged in time, when the water vapor particles meet the inner wall of the concentration tank, the water vapor particles are attached to the surface of the concentration tank, and because the water vapor is not discharged in time, a large amount of water vapor is accumulated on the inner wall of the concentration tank, the attached liquid particles are continuously enlarged under the continuous accumulation effect, and finally the attached liquid particles fall on the liquid medicine part again under the action of gravity, so that invalid evaporation work is needed to be performed again, and the evaporation efficiency is seriously reduced.
In order to solve the above technical problems, a general method is to install a condenser at a steam discharge portion of a tank body, and high-temperature steam flows into the condenser along a pipe, and is collected in the condenser in a liquid form, thereby reducing the occurrence of an ineffective evaporation phenomenon due to the collection of steam.
However, since the liquid medicine is carried out under vacuum or negative pressure, the gas in the inner cavity of the concentration tank is pumped out to form vacuum, so that the gas content in the inner cavity of the concentration tank is seriously reduced, and since the gas is hardly contained in the inner cavity of the concentration tank, the flow of high-temperature steam basically depends on the self high Wen Xiaoying flow, the flow speed is slow, and the concentration efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
(One) solving the technical problems
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the traditional Chinese medicine extraction concentrator, which adopts a negative pressure mode to heat medicines, has the characteristics of low boiling point and high evaporation efficiency, and in addition, because the negative pressure is formed by controlling the exhaust speed of a negative pressure pump and the entering speed difference of external air, namely, the negative pressure is provided with air fluidity, trace gas can enter the evaporation cavity, and flows from bottom to top in the evaporation cavity, so that evaporated liquid medicine particles play a role in drainage and are discharged to a next mechanism, thereby timely cleaning high-temperature water vapor in the evaporation cavity, effectively reducing the space volume occupied by the high-temperature water vapor in the evaporation cavity, reducing the density of the high-temperature water vapor, being beneficial to the generation of subsequent high-temperature water vapor, improving the concentration efficiency and solving the technical problems.
(II) technical scheme
The traditional Chinese medicine extraction concentrator comprises a concentrating tank body, an evaporating cavity, a liquid medicine discharge pipeline, a liquid medicine injection pipeline, a closed sightseeing port, a thermometer, a pressure gauge, an annular closed heating cavity, a high-temperature steam inlet end and a high-temperature steam discharge end, wherein the bottom of the concentrating tank body is provided with supporting legs, the evaporating cavity is arranged in the concentrating tank body, the liquid medicine discharge pipeline is arranged on one side of the concentrating tank body and used for discharging liquid in the evaporating cavity, the liquid medicine injection pipeline is arranged above the concentrating tank body and can inject traditional Chinese medicine liquid into the evaporating cavity, the closed sightseeing port can see the evaporating cavity, the thermometer can observe the internal temperature of the evaporating cavity, the pressure gauge can observe the internal pressure value of the evaporating cavity, the annular closed heating cavity is arranged right below the evaporating cavity, and the high-temperature steam inlet end and the high-temperature steam discharge end are connected with corresponding steam flow ports of an external steam heater; the vacuum pump is arranged at the top of the concentrating tank body, the air inlet port is communicated with the top end of the evaporating cavity, the air outlet port can be connected with the inlet of the external condenser through a pipeline, external air enters the pipeline body, the integrated vacuum pump is longitudinally arranged at the center of the evaporating cavity, the bottom port extends into the bottom structure of the concentrating tank body, the top end of the integrated vacuum pump is in an open state, the exhaust type rotating structure is rotatably arranged at the top port of the external air inlet pipeline body through a mechanical sealing structure, and an inclined hole capable of generating rotatable reaction force in the exhaust process is arranged in the exhaust type rotating structure.
Preferably, the evaporation device further comprises a conical drainage groove, wherein the conical drainage groove is arranged at the bottom end of the evaporation cavity, one side of the conical drainage groove is inclined downwards, and the side surface of the conical drainage groove which is inclined downwards is communicated with the inlet port of the liquid medicine discharge pipeline.
Preferably, the thicknesses of the top end face of each part of the annular closed heating cavity and the bottom port of the evaporation cavity corresponding to each part are consistent.
Preferably, the vacuum pump is a gas rotary pump body.
Preferably, the exhaust formula rotating-structure includes the cover body, the bottom of the cover body is provided with the upwards sunken and can get into the rotatable part mounting groove of installing of pipeline body top through mechanical seal structure with external gas, the top of part mounting groove is provided with the gaseous chamber of reserving of upwards sunken, the circumference of the cover body is provided with the horizontal branch that divides the branch that a plurality of annular array set up, the center that transversely divides branch is provided with the gaseous chamber of reserving and one end confined gas flow chamber of intercommunication, a plurality of horizontal branch are provided with a plurality of inclined holes that are used for discharging the inside gas of gaseous chamber of reserving in same direction of rotation.
Preferably, the included angle between the central line A of the inclined hole and the horizontal line X is larger than zero degrees and smaller than forty-five degrees.
Preferably, the inclined hole has a larger end face aperture L1 located in the gas flow chamber than an outer end face aperture L2.
Preferably, the device further comprises a vortex type airflow heating structure, wherein the vortex type airflow heating structure is inserted into the concentration tank body, and a vortex coil and a copper rod which can heat the gas flowing into the gas inlet pipeline body are arranged in the vortex type airflow heating structure.
Preferably, the vortex air flow heating structure comprises a columnar shell made of insulating and heat-insulating materials, a component mounting hole with an opening at the bottom is arranged in the center of the columnar shell, a gas flow hole communicated with a gas inlet port at the bottom of the pipeline body is arranged at the top end of the component mounting hole, an electromagnetic air valve capable of controlling the flow amount of the gas is arranged in the gas flow hole, a vortex coil is arranged around the component mounting hole, a first wiring terminal and a second wiring terminal in the vortex coil extend to the corresponding side surface of the columnar shell, a copper bar is arranged in the center of the component mounting hole, a certain gap is reserved between the copper bar and the wall surface of the component mounting hole for the gas to flow, and a bar body extending out of the bottom port of the component mounting hole is fixed at the bottom of the columnar shell through a supporting rod made of insulating and heat-insulating materials.
Preferably, after alternating current is introduced into the eddy current coil, the high temperature generated by the copper rod needs to heat the gas flowing around the eddy current coil to a temperature not less than that of high-temperature liquid medicine steam in the evaporation cavity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine extraction concentrator, which has the following beneficial effects:
The traditional Chinese medicine extraction concentrator adopts a negative pressure mode to heat medicines, has the characteristics of low boiling point and high evaporation efficiency, and in addition, because the negative pressure is formed by controlling the exhaust speed of a negative pressure pump and the entering speed difference of external air, namely, the negative pressure has air flowability, trace gas can enter the evaporation cavity, and flows from bottom to top in the evaporation cavity, thereby leading evaporated liquid medicine particles to play a drainage role and be discharged into a next mechanism, thereby timely cleaning high-temperature water vapor in the evaporation cavity, effectively reducing the occupied space volume of the high-temperature water vapor in the evaporation cavity, reducing the density of the high-temperature water vapor, being beneficial to the generation of subsequent high-temperature water vapor, and further improving the concentration efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a full cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a vented rotary structure in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective cross-sectional view of a vented rotary structure in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the exhaust rotary structure at the inclined hole portion according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a perspective cross-sectional view of a vortex air flow heating structure in accordance with the present invention.
The device comprises a concentration tank body, a 2-evaporation cavity, a 3-conical drainage groove, a 4-liquid medicine discharge pipeline, a 5-supporting leg, a 6-annular closed heating cavity, a 7-high-temperature steam inlet end, a 8-high-temperature steam discharge end, a 9-liquid medicine injection pipeline, a 10-closed sightseeing port, a 11-thermometer, a 12-manometer, a 13-external gas inlet pipeline body, a 14-vacuum pump, a 15-exhaust type rotating structure, a 151-sleeve body, a 152-component mounting groove, a 153-gas reserving cavity, a 154-transverse branch rod, 155-gas flow cavity, 156-inclined holes, 16-vortex type gas flow heating structure, 161-columnar shell, 162-component mounting holes, 163, a branch rod, 164-copper rod, 165-electromagnetic gas valve, 166-vortex coil, 167, a first terminal, 168-second terminal, 169-gas flow hole.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a traditional Chinese medicine extraction concentrator includes a concentrating tank 1 with a leg 5 at the bottom, an evaporating cavity 2 arranged in the concentrating tank 1, a liquid medicine discharge pipeline 4 arranged at one side of the concentrating tank 1 and used for discharging liquid in the evaporating cavity 2, wherein, in order to enable concentrated liquid medicine to be completely discharged, a conical drainage groove 3 is preferably arranged at the bottom end of the evaporating cavity 2, one side of the conical drainage groove 3 is inclined downwards, and is communicated with an inlet port of the liquid medicine discharge pipeline 4 at the inclined side, a liquid medicine injection pipeline 9 which is arranged above the concentrating tank 1 and can inject traditional Chinese medicine liquid into the evaporating cavity 2, a closed sightseeing port 10 which can observe the internal temperature of the evaporating cavity 2, a pressure gauge 12 which can observe the internal pressure value of the evaporating cavity 2, and an operator can pour unconcentrated traditional Chinese medicine liquid into the evaporating cavity 2 through the liquid medicine injection pipeline 9, then the liquid medicine injection pipeline 9 is closed, in the concentrating process, the negative pressure intensity of the evaporating cavity 2 can be observed through naked eyes, the corresponding control function is controlled through the temperature of the liquid medicine injection pipeline 4, and the liquid medicine discharge pipeline is controlled by the control environment after the operation requirement is met, and the liquid medicine discharge condition is reached after the liquid discharge condition is reached.
In order to realize high-temperature steam heating of the liquid medicine, referring to fig. 2, an annular closed heating cavity 6 is required to be arranged right below the evaporating cavity 2, in order to be located under the evaporating cavity 2 and to be heated uniformly, the thicknesses of the top end surface of each part of the annular closed heating cavity 6 and the bottom port of each part of the evaporating cavity 2 are required to be consistent, and the high-temperature steam inlet end 7 and the high-temperature steam outlet end 8 which are arranged on the corresponding two sides of the annular closed heating cavity 6 can be connected with the corresponding steam flow ports of an external steam heater, and the high-temperature steam inlet end 7 and the high-temperature steam outlet end 8 are required to be used for heating the bottom of the liquid medicine when the high-temperature steam is circulated to the part of the annular closed heating cavity 6, so that the liquid medicine can boil and generate water vapor under the necessary absorption conditions of heat, and the concentration is realized.
In order to realize the negative pressure treatment of the evaporation cavity 2, referring to fig. 1 and 2, a vacuum pump 14 is required to be provided, in order to reduce the negative effect on high-temperature water vapor in the air extraction process, the vacuum pump 14 is required to be a gas rotary pump body, the rotary pump body can enable the water vapor to be discharged in a flowing mode, the phenomenon that water drops are formed due to the accumulation of the vapor caused by piston compression is avoided, the vacuum pump is arranged at the top of the concentration tank body 1, an air inlet port is communicated with the top end of the evaporation cavity 2, an air outlet port can be connected with an inlet of an external condenser through a pipeline, after the vacuum pump 14 is started, the gas in the evaporation cavity 2 can be extracted, so that the internal pressure value of the evaporation cavity 2 is lower than the external atmospheric pressure, a low-pressure area is formed, and the medicine is heated in a negative pressure mode, so that the vacuum pump has the characteristics of low boiling point and high evaporation efficiency.
In order to achieve that the external air can slightly enter the evaporation cavity 2, please refer to fig. 2, an external air entering pipeline 13 is required to be arranged, the integrated longitudinal arrangement is arranged in the center of the evaporation cavity 2, the bottom port extends into the bottom structure of the concentration tank 1, the top end is in an open state, after the vacuum pump 14 is started, the pressure difference is formed between the air displacement of the vacuum pump 14 and the air inflow of the external air entering the pipeline 13 by controlling the air displacement and the air inflow, the pressure difference is the negative pressure intensity, and the trace air entering the evaporation cavity 2 can enter the evaporation cavity, and flows from bottom to top in the evaporation cavity, so that the evaporated liquid medicine particles play a role in drainage.
In order to make the entering trace gas generate driving capability, increase the influence of the trace gas on the high temperature steam, please refer to fig. 2, an exhaust type rotating structure 15 needs to be provided, the exhaust type rotating structure is rotatably installed at the top port of the external gas entering pipeline body 13, and an inclined hole 156 generating rotatable reaction force is provided in the exhaust process, because the vacuum pump 14 is used for exhausting air, the external gas enters the pipeline body 13 to the inside of the transverse branch 154 through the external gas, and then is discharged to the inside of the evaporation cavity 2 through the inclined hole 156, by controlling the exhaust angle of the inclined hole 156, the gas flowing at high speed can generate reaction force on the transverse branch 154, thereby pushing the transverse branch 154 to do circular motion, and because of the circular motion, the trace gas discharged through the inclined hole 156 can generate spiral track in the evaporation cavity 2, thereby increasing the contact area of the trace gas and the high pressure water vapor in the evaporation cavity 2, further generating flow guiding effect on the high temperature water vapor, and discharging to the next mechanism, thereby clearing the high temperature water vapor in the evaporation cavity in time, effectively reducing the volume of the high temperature vapor occupying the inside the evaporation cavity, effectively reducing the volume of the high temperature vapor, and increasing the density of the high temperature vapor, thereby reducing the subsequent density of the high temperature vapor.
With respect to the specific structure of the exhaust-type rotating structure 15, please refer to fig. 3 and 4, which includes a sleeve body 151, an upward concave component mounting groove 152 rotatably mounted on the top end of the sleeve body 151 and capable of entering the pipeline body 13 with external gas through a mechanical seal structure is provided at the bottom end of the sleeve body 151, an upward concave gas reserving cavity 153 is provided at the top end of the component mounting groove 152, a plurality of annular array-type horizontal branch rods 154 are provided on the circumferential surface of the sleeve body 151, a gas flow cavity 155 communicating with the gas reserving cavity 153 and having one closed end is provided at the center of the horizontal branch rod 154, and a plurality of inclined holes 156 for discharging the gas inside the gas reserving cavity 153 are provided in the same rotation direction on the plurality of horizontal branch rods 154, so that the gas discharged through the inclined holes 156 can generate a rotating horizontal reaction force and can be discharged obliquely upwards, and the included angle between the central line a of the inclined holes 156 and the horizontal line X is required to be greater than zero degree and less than forty-five degrees, as can be known through stress analysis, as shown in fig. 5: the design of the included angle can lead the reaction force formed by the gas discharged through the inclined hole 156 to be divided into the reaction force in the horizontal direction and the reaction force in the longitudinal direction, and the reaction force in the horizontal direction is larger than the reaction force in the longitudinal direction, so that more reaction force acts on the rod body of the transverse branch rod 154 to push the transverse branch rod 154 to rotate, and the gas in the inclined hole 156 is discharged upwards in an inclined way, so that the external gas can move in the evaporation cavity 2 in a spiral ascending way, thereby driving the internal high-temperature steam to generate upward movement trend, playing a necessary guiding role for the steam, and timely discharging the steam, and ensuring the gas flowing through the inclined hole 156 to be in a high-speed flowing state, referring to fig. 5, the aperture L1 of the end face of the inclined hole 156 located in the gas flow chamber 155 is larger than the aperture L2 of the end face located outside, so that gas can enter through the aperture L1 and be discharged outwards through the aperture L2, and the gas passing through the inclined hole 156 is in a compressed flow form due to the size relationship, so that the gas flow speed is further increased.
In order to realize heating of the entering gas and reduce negative effects of the outside gas on the high-temperature water vapor in the evaporation cavity 2, please refer to fig. 1 and 2, a vortex airflow heating structure 16 needs to be arranged, the vortex coil 166 and the copper rod 164 which can heat the gas flowing into the gas inlet pipeline 13 are installed in the concentration tank 1 in a plug-in manner, the high-speed flowing gas passing through the periphery of the copper rod 164 can be rapidly heated by utilizing the principle of vortex heating, the heated gas enters the evaporation cavity 2, the temperature of the heated gas can be controlled, and after the heated gas enters, the phenomenon that the high-temperature water vapor cannot form condensation drops with the high-temperature water vapor at low temperature is avoided, so that the negative effects on the high-temperature water vapor are reduced.
With respect to the specific structure of the vortex air flow heating structure 16, please refer to fig. 6, which includes a cylindrical housing 161 made of insulating and heat-insulating material, a component mounting hole 162 with an opening at the bottom is provided at the center of the cylindrical housing 161, a gas flow hole 169 for communicating gas into the bottom air inlet port of the duct body 13 is provided at the top end of the component mounting hole 162, an electromagnetic air valve 165 capable of controlling the amount of gas flow is installed in the gas flow hole 169, a vortex coil 166 is installed around the component mounting hole 162 in the cylindrical housing 161, and a first terminal 167 and a second terminal 168 in the vortex coil 166 extend to the corresponding sides of the cylindrical housing 161, a copper bar 164 is provided at the center of the component mounting hole 162, in order that the heated gas does not negatively affect the high temperature water vapor, it is necessary that the vortex coil 166 is made to flow an alternating current, the high temperature generated by the copper bar 164 is required to heat the gas flowing around the copper bar 164 to a temperature not less than the high temperature chemical vapor in the evaporation chamber 2, a certain gap is provided between the copper bar 164 and the wall surface of the component mounting hole 162 for the gas to flow, the bar body of the copper bar 164 extending out of the bottom port of the component mounting hole 162 is fixed at the bottom of the column casing 161 by the support bar 163 made of insulating and heat-insulating material, when in use, the first terminal 167 and the second terminal 168 are connected with a controller capable of generating alternating current and controlling the output alternating current, the temperature of the copper bar 164 can be controlled when the gas generates high temperature along the gap between the copper bar 164 and the vortex coil 166 by controlling the alternating current entering into the vortex coil 166, thereby realizing the high-temperature heating effect on the flowing gas.
When the vacuum evaporator is used, firstly, the exhaust port of the vacuum pump 14 is in butt joint with the air inlet port of the condenser through a pipeline, then the high-temperature steam inlet end 7 and the high-temperature steam outlet end 8 are connected with corresponding steam flow ports of a steam heater, finally, the first wiring end 167 and the second wiring end 168 are connected with a controller which can generate alternating current and can control output of the alternating current, then an operator pours unconcentrated traditional Chinese medicine liquid into the evaporation cavity 2 through the liquid medicine injection pipeline 9, then the liquid medicine injection pipeline 9 is closed, the temperature generated by the copper rod 164 is regulated, the vacuum pump 14 and the steam heater are started for concentration, in the concentration process, the negative pressure intensity and the temperature in the evaporation cavity 2 can be observed through naked eyes, so that the corresponding functions are controlled to meet the required environmental intensity, and after the operation is finished, the concentrated liquid medicine is discharged through opening a valve arranged in the liquid medicine discharge pipeline 4.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.