CN116520923A - A Constant Current Programmable Power Supply with Unipolar Structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a constant-current programmable power supply with a monopole structure, which comprises a transformer T1, a switch control circuit, a main output current circuit, a processor MCU, an input voltage acquisition circuit and an output voltage acquisition circuit, wherein the input voltage acquisition circuit is connected with the transformer T1; the input voltage acquisition circuit and the output voltage acquisition circuit are both arranged on the secondary side of the transformer T1, and the output end of the input voltage acquisition circuit is connected with the processor MCU; the output pin of the processor MCU is connected with an isolation optocoupler U2, the isolation optocoupler U2 is connected with a primary side constant current controller of the switch control circuit, and the primary side constant current controller is used for outputting signals to the primary side of the transformer T1; the processor MCU is provided with a programming port for connecting the terminals. The invention collects output voltage and input voltage at the secondary side of the transformer, adjusts parameters at the PC end, and realizes a programmable power supply by matching with a primary side constant current controller of the transformer, namely, realizes a constant current programmable power supply with a monopole structure, reduces the specification types of driving power supplies, and is convenient for material preparation and production.

Description

A Constant Current Programmable Power Supply with Unipolar Structure

technical field

The invention relates to the field of power supplies, in particular to a constant-current programmable power supply with a unipolar structure.

Background technique

During production, it is found that a series of organic BOMs or hundreds of BOMs of the system model, even if there are few different materials between each model, as long as there is a material difference, a new model BOM must be created; in order to get customers The required power supply has to be realized by changing the hardware parameters. Since each model has three levels of current, the three levels of current affect each other during debugging, affecting the input adjustment rate or affecting the output adjustment rate, which brings great trouble to debugging. Difficulties; many new models also bring great troubles to the warehouse, production, procurement, planning and other departments, because the differences between the models are very similar, there are many types of materials purchased, and the materials are not uniform, which brings space to the warehouse Low utilization rate and high frequency of production line changes lead to low production efficiency.

To sum up, in the prior art, every time the output current of the original power supply is changed, a new model specification is required. When the demand increases, it will lead to many types of power supplies, cumbersome debugging, waste of time and inconvenient material preparation.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a constant-current programmable power supply with a unipolar structure, so as to solve the problem of inconvenient material preparation caused by many types of power supplies in the prior art.

To achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A constant-current programmable power supply with unipolar structure, including a transformer T1, a switch control circuit located on the primary side of the transformer T1, a main output current circuit located on the secondary side of the transformer T1, a processor MCU, an input voltage Acquisition circuit, output voltage acquisition circuit; the input voltage acquisition circuit and the output voltage acquisition circuit are both arranged on the secondary side of the transformer T1, and the output end of the input voltage acquisition circuit is connected to the processor MCU; The output pin of the processor MCU is connected to an isolated optocoupler U2, and the isolated optocoupler U2 is connected to the primary side constant current controller of the switch control circuit, and the primary side constant current controller is used to output signals to the transformer T1 primary side; the processor MCU is provided with a programming port for connecting to a terminal.

Further, the input voltage acquisition circuit includes a diode D5, a capacitor C3, a resistor R11, a resistor R13, and a capacitor C6; the positive pole of the diode D5 is connected to the secondary coil of the transformer T1, and the negative pole is connected through the capacitor C3. In the secondary coil of the transformer T1, the other path is connected to the resistor R11; one path of the resistor R11 is grounded through the capacitor C6, and the other path is grounded through the resistor R13; the anode of the resistor R13 is connected to the Processor MCU sends INPUT-VOL-ADC signal.

Further, the output voltage acquisition circuit includes a capacitor EC2, a diode D6, a resistor R7, a resistor R9, and a capacitor C4; the anode of the capacitor EC2 is connected to the secondary coil of the transformer T1, and the cathode is grounded; the diode D6 The positive pole is grounded, and the negative pole is connected to the secondary coil of the transformer T1; one end of the resistor R7 is connected to the secondary coil of the transformer T1, and the other end is connected to the resistor R9 and the capacitor C4, and the resistor R9, The capacitor C4 is connected in parallel to ground; the anode of the resistor R9 is connected to the processor MCU to send the OUTPUT-VOL-ADC signal.

Further, pin 2 of the isolated optocoupler U2 is connected to the output pin of the processor MCU, pin 3 is grounded, pin 4 is connected to the primary side constant current controller, and the other is connected to resistor R17 and then connected to VCC. Pin 1 is connected to the power supply after connecting the resistor R18.

Further, the capacitors C3 and EC2 are energy storage capacitors.

Further, the capacitors C6 and C4 are bypass filter capacitors.

Further, the main output current circuit includes a diode D1, a capacitor EC1, a resistor R6, and a capacitor C2; the capacitor EC1, the resistor R6, and the capacitor C2 are connected in parallel to have a first end and a second end, and the first end It is divided into two paths, the first path is connected to the secondary coil of the transformer T1 through the diode D1, the second path is connected to the anode of the LED, and the second end is connected to the cathode of the LED.

Further, the switch control circuit includes the primary constant current controller, capacitor C1, resistor R5, resistor R1, resistor R3, diode D3, MOS transistor Q2, resistor R8, and resistor R12; the primary constant current control The pin a of the controller is connected to the resistor R8, the resistor R8 is connected to the resistor R12, and the resistor R12 is grounded; the pin b of the primary side constant current controller is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q2 pole, the source of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the resistor R12, one of the drains of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the primary coil of the transformer T1, and the other is connected to the diode D3, the diode D3 One path is connected to the resistor R5, and the other path is connected to the resistor R3. The resistor R5 is connected to the primary coil of the transformer T1 through the capacitor C1, and the resistor R3 is connected to the resistor R1 through the resistor R1. Primary coil of transformer T1.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

The present invention realizes high-precision current output by collecting input voltage and output voltage signals and cooperates with MCU processing to adjust the output current in real time. At the same time, after the MCU processing is completed, it is transmitted to the primary side constant current controller through the isolated optocoupler U2, thereby being adjusted by the transformer. The current output by the main output current circuit is used to adjust the output current in real time and reduce the output power to achieve undervoltage protection;

The present invention only needs to adjust the parameters on the PC side, that is, the output current of the power supply can be changed in real time, so that the real-time output current meets the demand. The present invention can adjust the parameters of power supplies of different specifications to match the required current without preparing multiple different specifications. The power supply reduces the number of driving power specifications and types, solves the problems of many types of power supplies and cumbersome debugging in the prior art, cancels the time spent on debugging, and improves production efficiency;

The present invention uses D5, C3, R11, C6, R13, EC2, R7, C4, R9 to form a signal acquisition line, and then the MCU processor analyzes the acquisition information, and uses logic calculation to generate a new signal that is transmitted to the primary constant current through U2 The controller controls the pin to achieve high-precision current output;

The invention utilizes the input voltage acquisition circuit and the output voltage acquisition circuit to collect the INPUT signal and the OUTPUT signal in real time, after being processed by the MCU, and then controlled and output by the primary side constant current controller, so as to realize high-precision adjustment of the change of the output current. In this way, one model of power supply can adapt to many different scenarios, no need to prepare multiple specifications of power supply, only one specification of power supply is needed, and the parameters can be adjusted on the PC side;

The invention collects the output voltage and input voltage on the secondary side of the transformer, adjusts the parameters on the PC side, cooperates with the primary side constant current controller of the transformer to realize the programmable power supply, and realizes the constant current programmable power supply of the unipolar structure;

In actual use, it can centralize procurement and material preparation, reduce the types and quantities of power supplies, reduce storage pressure, and reduce storage costs. When adjusting the current, it can be adjusted directly on the PC side.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 shows the system block diagram of the device of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 shows a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Marks in the drawings: 1. Input voltage acquisition circuit, 2. Output voltage acquisition circuit, 3. Main output current circuit.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the device proposed by the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and all use imprecise scales, which are only used to facilitate and clearly assist the purpose of illustrating the embodiments of the present invention. In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, please refer to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings attached to this specification are only used to match the content disclosed in the specification, for those who are familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the implementation of the present invention. condition, so it has no technical substantive meaning, and any modification of structure, change of proportional relationship or adjustment of size shall still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the effect and purpose of the present invention. within the scope covered by the disclosed technical content.

Example:

As shown in Figure 1, a constant-current programmable power supply with unipolar structure solves the problem of creating a new model specification every time the output current of the power supply is changed. When the demand increases, it will lead to many types of power supplies and cumbersome debugging. , It is a waste of time and inconvenient to prepare materials, realize the reduction of machine types, system BOM reduction, reduction of material types, and reduction of the number of times of power supply changes.

A constant-current programmable power supply with a unipolar structure includes a primary-side constant-current controller, an energy converter, a processor MCU, and a programming port. The programming port is connected to a terminal for inputting or modifying parameters, wherein the primary-side constant-current controller Located on the primary side of the transformer, it is used to control the output current after receiving the control signal from the processor MCU. The energy converter sends the collected real-time input voltage and output voltage to the processor MCU, and the modified parameters are input from the terminal and transmitted from the programming port. To the processor MCU, the processor MCU processes the modified parameters, input voltage, and output voltage and then sends a control signal to the primary side constant current controller, so as to achieve the purpose of changing the output current by modifying or inputting parameters at the terminal, so as to This can use one power supply with parameter settings to realize current output, so that one power supply can be applied to multiple occasions without additional preparation of power supplies with different specifications.

Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, a constant current programmable power supply with unipolar structure includes a transformer T1, a switch control circuit located on the primary side of the transformer T1, a main output current circuit 3 located on the secondary side of the transformer T1, and a processing MCU, input voltage acquisition circuit 1, output voltage acquisition circuit 2; both input voltage acquisition circuit 1 and output voltage acquisition circuit 2 are located on the secondary side of transformer T1 for real-time acquisition of input voltage and output voltage without human intervention Automatic collection. The output end of the input voltage acquisition circuit 1 is connected to the processor MCU for generating the INPUT-VOL-ADC signal, and the output end of the output voltage acquisition circuit 2 is connected to the processor MCU for sending the OUTPUT-VOL-ADC signal, both signals are Send to the processor MCU for processing; the output pin of the processor MCU is connected to an isolated optocoupler U2, and the isolated optocoupler U2 is connected to the primary side constant current controller of the switch control circuit, and the primary side constant current controller is used to output signals to the transformer T1 original edge.

The processor MCU is provided with a programming port for connecting to a terminal. The terminal can be any device that can input and modify parameters such as a PC terminal and an APP terminal. In this embodiment, the PC terminal is used to adjust the output current through the PC terminal to realize a programmable power supply.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the input voltage acquisition circuit 1 includes a diode D5, a capacitor C3, a resistor R11, a resistor R13, and a capacitor C6; wherein, the anode of the diode D5 is connected to the secondary coil of the transformer T1, and the cathode passes through the capacitor C3 all the way. Connect to the secondary coil of the transformer T1, and the other to the resistor R11; one of the resistors R11 is grounded through the capacitor C6, and the other is grounded through the resistor R13; the positive pole of the resistor R13 is connected to the processor MCU to send the INPUT-VOL-ADC signal. In this embodiment, D5 is a rectifier diode, C3 is used as an energy storage capacitor, and the information is transmitted to the MCU after being divided by R11 and R13, and C6 is a bypass filter capacitor for filtering.

The output voltage acquisition circuit 2 includes a capacitor EC2, a diode D6, a resistor R7, a resistor R9, and a capacitor C4; the positive pole of the capacitor EC2 is connected to the secondary coil of the transformer T1, and the negative pole is grounded; the positive pole of the diode D6 is grounded, and the negative pole is connected to the secondary coil of the transformer T1. Side coil; one end of resistor R7 is connected to the secondary coil of transformer T1, the other end is connected to resistor R9 and capacitor C4, and resistor R9 and capacitor C4 are connected in parallel to ground; the positive pole of resistor R9 is connected to the processor MCU to send the OUTPUT-VOL-ADC signal . In this embodiment, D6 is a rectifier diode, EC2 is used as an energy storage capacitor, and the information is transmitted to the MCU after voltage division by R7 and R9, and C4 is a bypass filter capacitor to implement filtering.

The present invention utilizes the input voltage acquisition circuit 1 to acquire the input voltage, utilizes the output voltage acquisition circuit 2 to acquire the output voltage, and utilizes respective circuit structures to realize real-time sampling, without human input and human intervention in the sampling phase, and only needs to adjust parameters at the programming port That is, the adaptable range of the power supply can be expanded, and automatic sampling can be realized, and the whole process is simple and convenient. At the same time, the precision of automatic sampling is high. Compared with the voltmeter, the present invention can automatically sample and has high precision, so that the processing precision of the MCU is high, thereby improving the precision of the output current.

Pin 2 of the isolated optocoupler U2 is connected to the output pin of the processor MCU, pin 3 is grounded, pin 4 is connected to the primary side constant current controller, the other is connected to resistor R17 and then connected to VCC, pin 1 is connected to resistor R18 and then connected to the power supply. Among them, the isolation optocoupler U2 is used for signal transmission, and sends the signal output by the MCU to the primary side constant current controller. At the same time, U2 also plays the role of isolation to isolate the signal and then transmit it. The power supply part of the primary side does not share the ground, so the present invention is realized by the optocoupler U2.

The main output current circuit 3 includes a diode D1, a capacitor EC1, a resistor R6, and a capacitor C2; the capacitor EC1, the resistor R6, and the capacitor C2 are connected in parallel to have a first end and a second end, and the first end is divided into two paths, and the first path passes through a diode D1 is connected to the secondary coil of the transformer T1, the second terminal is connected to the positive pole of the LED, and the second terminal is connected to the negative pole of the LED, and the voltage and current signals are given to the LED. During this process, the output voltage acquisition circuit 2 monitors the output current in real time, and adjusts the output current in real time after being processed by the MCU.

The switch control circuit includes a primary side constant current controller, capacitor C1, resistor R5, resistor R1, resistor R3, diode D3, MOS transistor Q2, resistor R8, and resistor R12; pin a of the primary side constant current controller is connected to resistor R8 , the resistor R8 is connected to the resistor R12, and the resistor R12 is grounded; the pin b of the primary side constant current controller is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q2, the source of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the resistor R12, and the drain of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected all the way To the primary coil of transformer T1, the other is connected to diode D3, one of diode D3 is connected to resistor R5, the other is connected to resistor R3, resistor R5 is connected to the primary coil of transformer T1 through capacitor C1, and resistor R3 is connected to resistor R1 In the primary coil of transformer T1. The switch control circuit receives the control signal of the primary side constant current controller through the resistor R8 to adjust the output current of the main output current circuit 3 of the secondary side.

Working principle: As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the present invention is a flayback topology circuit, which is composed of a primary-side constant current controller, an energy converter, and an MCU processor. The present invention sets input voltage collection, output voltage collection, programming port and optocoupler U2 in combination to realize high-precision output current regulation. Among them, the programming port is connected with the PC terminal through a serial port connector, and the parameter settings are adjusted by the PC host computer. The input voltage and output voltage acquisition are used to adjust the output current adjustment rate, that is, to adjust the output current accuracy in real time, so as to realize the stand-alone constant current programmable power supply.

In this embodiment, the circuit on the left half of the transformer T1 is the topological flyback primary side switch control part, which is composed of D1, EC1, R6, and C2 to form the main output current part; the input voltage acquisition circuit is composed of D5, C3, R11, R13, and C6 And output an INPUT-VOL-ADC signal to the MCU, the output voltage acquisition circuit is composed of EC2, D6, R7, R9, C4 and output an OUTPUT-VOL-ADC signal to the MCU, INPUT-VOL-ADC, OUTPUT-VOL-ADC These two signals are transmitted to the MCU for processing. After the MCU processing is completed, it is transmitted to the primary side constant current controller through the isolated optocoupler U2, so that the current output by the main output current circuit 3 is adjusted through the transformer, so as to adjust the output current in real time and reduce the output power. To achieve the purpose of undervoltage protection.

The present invention uses D5, C3, R11, C6, R13, EC2, R7, C4, R9 to form a signal acquisition line, and then the MCU processor analyzes the acquisition information, and uses logic calculation to generate a new signal that is transmitted to the primary constant current through U2 The controller controls the pin to achieve high-precision current output.

The present invention utilizes the input voltage acquisition circuit 1 and the output voltage acquisition circuit 2 to collect the INPUT signal and the OUTPUT signal in real time, after being processed by the MCU, and then through the control output of the primary side constant current controller, so as to realize high-precision adjustment of the change of the output current . In this way, one model of power supply can adapt to many different scenarios, and there is no need to prepare multiple specifications of power supply, only one specification of power supply is needed, and the parameters can be adjusted on the PC side.

The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, should be considered as within the scope of this specification.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the patent scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent for the present invention should be based on the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A constant-current programmable power supply with a unipolar structure, comprising a transformer T1, a switch control circuit positioned at the primary side of the transformer T1, and a main output current circuit positioned at the secondary side of the transformer T1, characterized in that: it also includes Processor MCU, input voltage acquisition circuit, output voltage acquisition circuit; the input voltage acquisition circuit and the output voltage acquisition circuit are all located on the secondary side of the transformer T1, and the output terminal of the input voltage acquisition circuit is connected to the The processor MCU, the output terminal of the output voltage acquisition circuit is connected to the processor MCU; the output pin of the processor MCU is connected to an isolated optocoupler U2, and the isolated optocoupler U2 is connected to the switch control circuit A primary side constant current controller, the primary side constant current controller is used to output signals to the primary side of the transformer T1; the processor MCU is provided with a programming port for connecting to a terminal. 2. The constant-current programmable power supply of a kind of unipolar structure as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described input voltage collecting circuit comprises diode D5, electric capacity C3, resistance R11, resistance R13, electric capacity C6; Said diode The positive pole of D5 is connected to the secondary coil of the transformer T1, one of the negative poles is connected to the secondary coil of the transformer T1 through the capacitor C3, and the other is connected to the resistor R11; the resistor R11 is passed through the capacitor C6 is grounded, and the other is grounded through the resistor R13; the anode of the resistor R13 is connected to the processor MCU to send the INPUT-VOL-ADC signal. 3. The constant current programmable power supply of a kind of unipolar structure as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described output voltage collecting circuit comprises electric capacity EC2, diode D6, resistance R7, resistance R9, electric capacity C4; Said electric capacity The positive pole of EC2 is connected to the secondary coil of the transformer T1, and the negative pole is grounded; the positive pole of the diode D6 is grounded, and the negative pole is connected to the secondary coil of the transformer T1; one end of the resistor R7 is connected to the transformer T1 Secondary side coil, the other end is connected to the resistor R9 and the capacitor C4, the resistor R9 and the capacitor C4 are connected in parallel and grounded; the positive pole of the resistor R9 is connected to the processor MCU to send the OUTPUT-VOL-ADC signal . 4. The constant-current programmable power supply of a kind of unipolar structure as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: 2 pins of described isolation optocoupler U2 are connected to the output pin of described processor MCU, 3 pins are grounded, 4 One of the pins is connected to the primary side constant current controller, the other is connected to the resistor R17 and then connected to VCC, and the first pin is connected to the power supply after being connected to the resistor R18. 5. The constant current programmable power supply with unipolar structure as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: said capacitor C3 and capacitor EC2 are energy storage capacitors. 6 . The constant current programmable power supply with unipolar structure according to claim 5 , wherein the capacitors C6 and C4 are bypass filter capacitors. 7. A constant-current programmable power supply with unipolar structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the main output current circuit comprises a diode D1, a capacitor EC1, a resistor R6, and a capacitor C2; the capacitor EC1, the The resistor R6 and the capacitor C2 are connected in parallel to have a first terminal and a second terminal, the first terminal is divided into two circuits, the first circuit is connected to the secondary coil of the transformer T1 through the diode D1, and the second circuit is connected to It is connected to the positive pole of the LED, and the second terminal is connected to the negative pole of the LED. 8. A constant current programmable power supply with unipolar structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: said switch control circuit comprises said primary side constant current controller, capacitor C1, resistor R5, resistor R1, resistor R3, diode D3, MOS transistor Q2, resistor R8, and resistor R12; pin a of the primary side constant current controller is connected to the resistor R8, the resistor R8 is connected to the resistor R12, and the resistor R12 is grounded ; The pin b of the primary side constant current controller is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q2, the source of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the resistor R12, and the drain of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the The other of the primary side coil of the transformer T1 is connected to the diode D3, one of the diodes D3 is connected to the resistor R5, and the other is connected to the resistor R3, and the resistor R5 is connected to the resistor R5 through the capacitor C1. The primary coil of the transformer T1, the resistor R3 is connected to the primary coil of the transformer T1 through the resistor R1.