CN116495106A - Hatch structure and ship - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ships, and particularly discloses a cabin door structure and a ship. The cabin door structure includes: the door frame is arranged on a door opening of the cabin; the cabin door body is hinged to the side part of the door frame; the doorsill is hinged to the bottom of the door frame, and can be folded onto a deck of the cabin to form a slope; the first locking assembly is rotatably arranged on the cabin door body and is detachably connected with the door frame; the second locking assembly is movably arranged on the doorsill and is detachably connected with the doorframe; the linkage assembly is arranged on the cabin door body and is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end is connected with the first locking assembly, and the second end is detachably connected with the second locking assembly; when the first locking component rotates to the second unlocking position, the first locking component releases the locking connection and triggers the second locking component to move so as to unlock the doorsill. The cabin door structure of the trolley can keep a blocking function, is convenient for selectively opening the cabin door and the threshold, improves the transportation efficiency of the trolley, and reduces the falling risk of the trolley.

Description

Hatch structure and ship

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of ships, in particular to a hatch structure and a ship.

Background technique

Currently, the hold of a ship can be used to carry cargo, crew and passengers, etc. In order to ensure the airtightness of the cabin, a door opening is generally provided in the bulkhead of the cabin, and a hatch is set to close the door opening. When personnel need to enter the cabin, the hatch door is opened to allow the personnel to pass through the door opening. Since the ship is easy to follow the wind and waves when it is running on the water, foreign objects and water splashes are also easy to enter the cabin through the door opening when the cabin door is opened. At this time, setting a threshold on the door opening can block foreign objects and water splashes through the threshold, and personnel can cross the threshold to ensure the circulation of the door opening.

However, when heavy loads or bulky carts need to pass through the door opening, the threshold needs to be disassembled, and the threshold needs to be reinstalled after the cart passes through the door opening, resulting in troublesome disassembly and assembly of the threshold and affecting the transportation efficiency of the cart. If the threshold is not disassembled, it is difficult to lift the cart to pass through the door opening, and there is a risk that the cart may fall and accidentally injure the operator during the process of crossing the threshold and passing through the door opening.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a hatch structure and a ship, which can solve the problem in the prior art that the threshold affects the transport efficiency of carts.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application adopts the following technical solutions:

In one aspect, a hatch structure is provided, comprising:

The door frame is set on the door opening of the cabin;

the door body is hinged to the side of the door frame;

The threshold is hinged to the bottom of the door frame, and the threshold can be folded to form a slope on the deck of the cabin;

The first locking component is rotatably arranged on the door body and is detachably connected with the door frame. The door body is provided with a first unlocking position, a locking position and a second unlocking position. The first The locking component is used to lock or unlock the hatch body;

a second locking component, movably arranged on the threshold and detachably connected to the door frame, the second locking component is used to lock or unlock the threshold;

The linkage assembly is arranged on the hatch body, the linkage assembly has a first end and a second end, the first end is connected to the first locking assembly, and the second end is connected to the second lock The closure assembly is detachably connected;

When the first locking component rotates to the first unlocking position, the first locking component releases the detachable connection with the door frame;

When the first locking component rotates to the second unlocking position, the first locking component releases the locking connection between the hatch body and the door frame, and drives the second end of the linkage component to trigger the moving the second locking assembly to release the detachable connection between the door sill and the door frame;

When the first locking component is rotated to the locking position, both the first locking component and the second locking component are locked and connected to the door sill.

As a preferred solution for the hatch structure, it also includes:

An identification component is arranged on the threshold, and the identification component is used to identify an object located in front of the hatch body;

The driving assembly is arranged on the hatch body and connected to the first locking assembly, the driving assembly is used to drive the first locking assembly to rotate to a first unlocking position, a locking position or a second unlocking position.

As a preferred solution of the cabin door structure, the identification module is a visual identification module or a laser radar module.

As a preferred scheme of the cabin door structure, the first locking assembly includes a turntable, a lock lever and a drive lever, the lock lever and the drive lever are arranged on the turntable, and the turntable and the hatch door The body is rotatably connected, the lock lever is detachably connected to the door frame, the end of the drive lever is hinged to the linkage assembly, and when the turntable is rotated to the first unlocking position or the second unlocking position, the The locking bar is separated from the door frame, and when the turntable is rotated to the locking position, the locking bar is locked and connected to the door frame.

As a preferred solution of the cabin door structure, the first locking assembly further includes an operating rod, which is fixedly connected to the turntable and used to point to the first unlocking position, the locking position or the second locking position. Unlock position.

As a preferred solution of the door structure, the first locking assembly further includes a limit ring fixedly arranged on the door body, the locking rod is hinged to the rotating disk and penetrates into the limit ring, so When the turntable rotates, the lock bar can move relative to the limit ring.

As a preferred solution of the door structure, the linkage assembly includes a connecting rod and a connecting piece, the connecting piece is rotatably arranged on the door body, the connecting piece has a first end and a second end, and Two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to the driving rod and the first end, and the second end is hinged to the second locking assembly.

As a preferred solution of the cabin door structure, the second locking assembly includes a connected telescopic module and a driving module, the telescopic module has a telescopic rod, the telescopic rod is detachably connected to the door frame, and the driving module The second end is detachably connected, so that the second end can trigger the action of the driving module to drive the telescopic rod to lock and connect or unlock the door frame.

As a preferred solution of the cabin door structure, a buffer hinge is arranged between the threshold and the door frame.

In another aspect, a ship is provided, which includes a hull and the hatch structure, the hull has a cabin, and the hatch structure is arranged on a door opening of the cabin.

The beneficial effect of this application is:

By setting a door frame on the door opening of the cabin, the door body is hinged on the side of the door frame, and the door sill is hinged on the bottom of the door frame, so that the door body and the door sill can be opened and closed on the side and bottom of the door frame respectively, and at the same time, the door sill is folded A slope can be formed on the deck to the cabin, which is convenient for carts and passengers to enter and exit. The first lock assembly is rotatably arranged on the door body. Since the first lock assembly can be detachably connected with the door frame, the door body can be locked on the door frame through the first lock assembly, or the door can be unlocked from the door frame. Body and can open hatch body. Similarly, the second locking component can also be movably arranged on the threshold, and the locking and unlocking of the second locking component and the door frame can be realized by driving the second locking component closer to or away from the door frame.

In addition, a linkage assembly with a first end and a second end is provided on the door body, the first end is connected to the first locking assembly, and the second end is detachably connected to the second locking assembly, so that the first locking The action of the component can affect the action of the second locking component through the linkage component. For example, a first unlocking position, a locking position and a second unlocking position are set on the hatch body, and when the first locking component rotates to the first unlocking position, the first locking component releases the detachable connection with the door frame and can be unlocked. The hatch body can keep the sill locked on the door frame and open the hatch body. When the first locking component rotates to the second unlocking position, when the first locking component unlocks the hatch body, it can also drive the second locking component to act through the second end of the linkage component, thereby driving the second locking The component releases the detachable connection with the door frame, and can simultaneously unlock the hatch body and the threshold, so that the hatch body and the threshold can be opened simultaneously. If the first locking component is rotated to the locking position, the locking connection between the first locking component and the door frame and the locking connection between the second locking component and the door frame are maintained at the same time, so that the locked state of the hatch body and the threshold respectively with the door frame can be maintained.

Therefore, when using the hatch structure of the present application, the operator only needs to control the first locking component to selectively open the hatch body alone, or open the hatch body and the threshold at the same time, and the threshold can still abut against the deck after unlocking. A slope is formed on the top, which is convenient for the cart to pass through the door opening and enter and exit freely. That is to say, the door structure of the present application can not only maintain the blocking function of the door body and the threshold, but also facilitate the selective opening of the door body and the threshold, so as to improve the transportation efficiency of the cart and reduce the possibility of accidentally injuring the operator due to the fall of the cart. risk.

Description of drawings

The present application will be described in further detail below according to the drawings and embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cabin door structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a cabin door structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a side structural sectional view of a cabin door structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a side structural cross-sectional view of the door sill opened relative to the door frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a ship provided by an embodiment of the present application.

In the picture:

11. Door frame; 12. Hatch door body; 121. First unlocking position; 122. Locking position; 123. Second unlocking position; 13. Threshold; 14. Buffer hinge;

2. The first locking component; 21. The turntable; 22. The locking rod; 23. The driving rod; 24. The operating rod; 25. The limit ring;

3. The second locking component; 31. The telescopic module; 311. The telescopic rod; 32. The driving module;

4. Linkage assembly; 41. Connecting rod; 42. Connector; 421. First end; 422. Second end;

5. Identify components; 6. Drive components.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical problems solved by the present application, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application. rather than all examples. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of this application.

In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be an internal communication between two components or an interaction relationship between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.

In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, a first feature being "on" or "under" a second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, and may also include the first and second features Not in direct contact but through another characteristic contact between them. Moreover, "above", "above" and "above" the first feature on the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature. "Below", "beneath" and "under" the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.

In order to solve the problem in the prior art that the threshold 13 affects the transport efficiency of carts, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, this embodiment provides a hatch structure, including:

The door frame 11 is arranged on the door opening of the cabin;

The hatch body 12 is hinged to the side of the door frame 11;

The threshold 13 is hinged to the bottom of the door frame 11, and the threshold 13 can be folded to form a slope on the deck of the cabin;

The first locking assembly 2 is rotatably arranged on the door body 12 and is detachably connected with the door frame 11. The door body 12 is provided with a first unlocking position 121, a locking position 122 and a second unlocking position 123. The first lock The closing assembly 2 is used to lock or unlock the hatch body 12;

The second locking component 3 is movably arranged on the threshold 13 and detachably connected with the door frame 11, the second locking component 3 is used to lock or unlock the threshold 13;

The linkage assembly 4 is arranged on the hatch body 12. The linkage assembly 4 has a first end 421 and a second end 422. The first end 421 is connected to the first locking assembly 2, and the second end 422 is connected to the second locking assembly 3. Disconnect the connection;

When the first locking component 2 rotates to the first unlocking position 121, the first locking component 2 releases the detachable connection with the door frame 11;

When the first locking component 2 rotates to the second unlocking position 123, the first locking component 2 releases the locking connection between the hatch body 12 and the door frame 11, and drives the second end 422 of the linkage component 4 to trigger the second locking component 3 move to release the detachable connection between the door sill 13 and the door frame 11;

When the first locking component 2 rotates to the locking position 122 , both the first locking component 2 and the second locking component 3 are locked and connected to the door sill 13 .

The application is provided with a door frame 11 on the door opening of the cabin, and the door body 12 is hinged at the side of the door frame 11, and the door sill 13 is hinged at the bottom of the door frame 11, so that the door body 12 and the door sill 13 can be mounted on the side of the door frame 11 and the door sill 13 respectively. The bottom is opened and closed, and at the same time, the threshold 13 can be turned over to the deck of the cabin to form a slope, which is convenient for carts and passengers to enter and exit. The first locking assembly 2 is rotatably arranged on the door body 12. Since the first locking assembly 2 can be detachably connected to the door frame 11, the door body 12 can be locked on the door frame 11 through the first locking assembly 2. Or unlock the door body 12 from the door frame 11 to open the door body 12 . Similarly, the second locking component 3 can also be movably disposed on the threshold 13 , and the locking and unlocking of the second locking component 3 and the door frame 11 can be realized by driving the second locking component 3 closer to or away from the door frame 11 .

In addition, a linkage assembly 4 with a first end 421 and a second end 422 is provided on the hatch body 12, the first end 421 is connected to the first locking assembly 2, and the second end 422 is connected to the second locking assembly 3 The detachable connection enables the action of the first locking component 2 to affect the action of the second locking component 3 through the linkage component 4 . For example, a first unlocking position 121, a locking position 122, and a second unlocking position 123 are set on the hatch body 12. When the first locking component 2 rotates to the first unlocking position 121, the first locking component 2 is released from the door frame. The detachable connection of 11 can unlock the hatch body 12, can keep the threshold 13 locked on the door frame 11 and open the hatch body 12. When the first locking component 2 rotates to the second unlocking position 123, when the first locking component 2 unlocks the hatch body 12, the second end 422 of the linkage component 4 can also drive the second locking component 3 to act , so that the second locking assembly 3 is driven to release the detachable connection with the door frame 11, and the hatch body 12 and the threshold 13 can be unlocked at the same time, so that the hatch body 12 and the threshold 13 can be opened simultaneously. If the first locking assembly 2 is rotated to the locking position 122, the locking connection between the first locking assembly 2 and the door frame 11 and the locking connection between the second locking assembly 3 and the door frame 11 are maintained at the same time, and the hatch body 12 and the threshold can be kept. 13 and the locked state of the door frame 11 respectively.

Therefore, when using the cabin door structure of the present application, the operator can selectively open the cabin door body 12 only by controlling the first locking assembly 2, or open the cabin door body 12 and the threshold 13 at the same time, and the threshold 13 is unlocked after unlocking. It can abut against the deck to form a slope, which is convenient for the cart to pass through the door opening and enter and exit freely. That is to say, the hatch structure of the present application can not only maintain the blocking function of the hatch body 12 and the threshold 13, but also facilitate the selective opening of the hatch body 12 and the threshold 13, so as to improve the transport efficiency of the cart and reduce the risk of falling of the cart. Risk of accidental injury to the operator.

In this embodiment, the first unlocking position 121 , the locking position 122 and the second unlocking position 123 can be arranged in a circle in turn, and the center of the first locking assembly 2 is the center of the circle. When the first locking component 2 rotates on the hatch body 12, it can selectively point to the first unlocking position 121, the locking position 122 or the second unlocking position 123, so as to drive the linkage component 4 to rotate to the corresponding position. For example, when the first locking assembly 2 points to the first unlocking position 121, the first locking assembly 2 unlocks the hatch body 12, and at the same time drives the linkage assembly 4 away from the second locking assembly 3, disconnecting the linkage assembly 4 from the second locking assembly. The connection of the locking component 3 avoids unlocking the threshold 13 by mistake. When the first locking component 2 rotates to the second unlocking position 123, while the first locking component 2 unlocks the hatch body 12, it also drives the linkage component 4 close to the second locking component 3 and drives the second locking component 3 It moves and unlocks the threshold 13 synchronously, which has the effect of unlocking the hatch body 12 and the threshold 13 at the same time. After the threshold 13 is opened, it can be put down on the deck to form a slope.

If the hatch body 12 and the threshold 13 need to be closed later, the threshold 13 is first folded to cover the bottom of the door frame 11, and then the second locking assembly 3 is moved to be clamped on the door frame 11 to reset the locking of the threshold 13 and the door frame 11 . At this time, the hatch body 12 is rotated to block the door frame 11, and the first locking assembly 2 is driven to rotate to the locking position 122, and the hatch body 12 is locked on the door frame by the first locking assembly 2 being clamped on the door frame 11. 11, while the linkage assembly 4 does not drive the second locking assembly 3 to move, it can keep the door body 12 and the threshold 13 in locking connection with the door frame 11 respectively.

In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the cabin door structure of the present application further includes an identification component 5 and a driving component 6 . Wherein, the identification assembly 5 is arranged on the threshold 13, and the object positioned at the front of the hatch body 12 can be identified through the identification assembly 5; and the drive assembly 6 is arranged on the hatch body 12 and connected to the first locking assembly 2, and the drive assembly 6 6 to drive the first locking assembly 2 to rotate to the first unlocking position 121 , the locking position 122 or the second unlocking position 123 .

For example, when the operator himself arrives at the hatch body 12, he only needs to open the hatch body 12 and step over the threshold 13 to enter and exit the cabin freely. Drive the first locking assembly 2 to rotate to the first unlocking position 121 to unlock the hatch body 12 and keep the threshold 13 locked with the door frame 11. At this time, the operator opens the hatch body 12 and directly steps over the threshold 13 to enter and exit the cabin. If the operator pushes the trolley to the front of the hatch body 12 and recognizes that there is an operator and a trolley in front of the hatch body 12 through the recognition component 5, the hatch body 12 and the threshold 13 need to be unlocked at the same time. The first locking assembly 2 rotates to the second unlocking position 123 to unlock the hatch body 12 and the threshold 13 at the same time. After the operator directly opens the hatch body 12 and puts down the threshold 13, he can push the cart on the slope formed by the threshold 13 Move up and out of the cabin.

Further, the driving assembly 6 is also arranged on the hinge between the door body 12 and the door frame 11 and on the hinge between the door sill 13 and the door frame 11, the door body 12 and the door sill 13 can be driven to rotate relative to the door frame 11 through the driving assembly 6, so as to realize The cabin door body 12 or threshold 13 is automatically opened and closed.

In a preferred example, the recognition module is a visual recognition module or a laser radar module, and the shape of the object in front of the hatch body 12 can be acquired through the visual recognition module or the laser radar module, and the shape of the object in front of the hatch body 12 can be obtained and analyzed to determine whether there is only an operation The personnel correspondingly only open the hatch body 12 or open the hatch body 12 and the threshold 13 at the same time.

Optionally, the door structure of the present application also includes a gravity sensor assembly (not shown in the figure) located in front of the door body 12 and arranged under the deck. The weight data of the object is used to judge whether the hatch body 12 and the threshold 13 need to be opened simultaneously. Two weight value indexes can be set. When the detected weight data is greater than the first index and smaller than the second index, the first locking assembly 2 is rotated to the first unlocking position 121 through the drive assembly 6. If the weight data is greater than the second index index, the first locking assembly 2 is rotated to the second unlocking position 123 through the driving assembly 6 . In this embodiment, the hatch body 12 and the sill 13 can be opened simultaneously through the driving component 6 according to the detection data of the gravity sensor component, or only the hatch body 12 can be opened.

In particular, referring to FIG. 2, the first locking assembly 2 includes a turntable 21, a locking lever 22 and a drive lever 23, the lock lever 22 and the drive lever 23 are arranged on the turntable 21, and the turntable 21 is rotatably connected to the hatch body 12. The lock bar 22 driven to rotate can be detachably connected with the door frame 11 to realize the locking and unlocking of the hatch body 12 . The end of the driving rod 23 is hinged with the linkage assembly 4, and when the turntable 21 rotates to the first unlocking position 121 or the second unlocking position 123, the locked rod 22 driven to rotate breaks away from the door frame 11 to unlock the hatch body 12; When 21 rotates to the locked position 122 , the lock lever 22 rotates to engage the door frame 11 to lock the door body 12 on the door frame 11 .

Preferably, referring to FIG. 3 , the first locking assembly 2 further includes an operating lever 24, and the operating lever 24 is fixedly connected to the turntable 21, which not only facilitates the operator to hold the operating lever 24 to drive the turntable 21 to rotate, but also enables the operating lever 24 to rotate. Pointing to the first unlocking position 121 , the locking position 122 or the second unlocking position 123 also facilitates the operator to know whether the first locking assembly 2 is in the first unlocking position 121 , the locking position 122 or the second unlocking position 123 at this time.

In another preferred embodiment, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the first locking assembly 2 further includes a limit ring 25 fixedly arranged on the hatch body 12 , the locking rod 22 is hinged to the turntable 21 and penetrates into the limit ring 25 , The lock bar 22 can move relative to the limit ring 25 when the turntable 21 rotates, and the movement of the lock bar 22 relative to the door frame 11 is kept close or far away by the limit action of the limit ring 25 . In this embodiment, the same lock bar 22 can be provided with at least one limit ring 25 , and the same turntable 21 can also be provided with at least one lock bar 22 , depending on the specific use requirements, and this embodiment does not make specific limitations.

Regarding the preferred structure of the linkage assembly 4 , referring to FIG. 2 , the linkage assembly 4 includes a connecting rod 41 and a connecting piece 42 . The connecting piece 42 is rotatably arranged on the hatch body 12, the connecting piece 42 has a first end 421 and a second end 422, and the two ends of the connecting rod 41 are respectively hinged to the driving rod 23 and the first end 421, and then the second end The two ends 422 are hinged to the second locking assembly 3 , so that the driving rod 23 can simultaneously drive the connecting rod 41 to move when driven by the turntable 21 , thereby driving the connecting member 42 to rotate relative to the hatch body 12 . In this embodiment, the rotation direction of the connecting member 42 is the same as that of the turntable 21 , so as to set the second locking assembly 3 at the corresponding position of the connecting member 42 .

Optionally, the second locking assembly 3 includes a connected telescopic module 31 and a drive module 32, the telescopic module 31 has a telescopic rod 311 that can be telescopic, so that the telescopic rod 311 is detachably connected to the door frame 11, and the drive module 32 is detachably connected The second end 422 is such that the second end 422 can trigger the action of the driving module 32 to drive the telescopic rod 311 to expand and contract relative to the door frame 11 , so as to lock and connect the door sill 13 or unlock the door frame 11 .

The driving module 32 in this embodiment may be a hydraulic cylinder with a push button switch. When the second end 422 of the connector 42 touches the push button switch, the hydraulic cylinder is triggered to move, thereby driving the telescopic rod 31 of the telescopic module 31 to telescopically move.

Further, a lock ring can be provided on the door frame 11 , and the telescopic rod 311 can be inserted into the lock ring after being stretched to lock and connect the threshold 13 to the door frame 11 .

In particular, referring to FIG. 4 , a buffer hinge 14 is provided between the threshold 13 and the door frame 11 to reduce the impact vibration caused by the excessive speed of the unlocked threshold 13 when it falls on the deck, and protect the door frame 11 and the deck.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the present application also provides a ship, including a hull and the hatch structure of any one of the above embodiments. The hull of this embodiment has a cabin, and a hatch structure is provided on the door opening of the cabin. The cabin door structure in this embodiment can have the same structure and achieve the same effect as the hatch door structure in the above-mentioned embodiments, and details will not be repeated in this embodiment.

In the description herein, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. orientation or positional relationship are only for convenience of description and simplification of operation, not to indicate or imply Any device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed, and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

In the description of this specification, a description referring to the terms "an embodiment", "an example" and the like means that a specific feature, structure, material or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention middle. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode only includes an independent technical solution, and this description in the specification is only for clarity, and when combined, it can be understood by those skilled in the art. other implementations of .

The above describes the technical principles of the present application in conjunction with specific embodiments. These descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present application, and cannot be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present application in any way. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art can think of other specific implementation manners of the present application without creative efforts, and these manners will fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A hatch structure, characterized in that it comprises: The door frame (11) is arranged on the door opening of the cabin; The hatch body (12) is hinged to the side of the door frame (11); The sill (13) is hinged to the bottom of the door frame (11), and the sill (13) can be folded to form a slope on the deck of the cabin; The first locking component (2) is rotatably arranged on the hatch door body (12) and is detachably connected with the door frame (11), and the hatch door body (12) is provided with a first unlocking position ( 121), a locking position (122) and a second unlocking position (123), the first locking component (2) is used to lock or unlock the hatch body (12); The second locking component (3), which is movably arranged on the threshold (13) and detachably connected with the door frame (11), the second locking component (3) is used to lock or unlock the threshold (13); The linkage assembly (4) is arranged on the hatch body (12), the linkage assembly (4) has a first end (421) and a second end (422), and the first end (421) is connected to the The first locking component (2), the second end (422) is detachably connected to the second locking component (3); When the first locking component (2) rotates to the first unlocking position (121), the first locking component (2) releases the detachable connection with the door frame (11); When the first locking component (2) rotates to the second unlocking position (123), the first locking component (2) releases the connection between the hatch body (12) and the door frame (11) lock the connection, and drive the second end (422) of the linkage component (4) to trigger the movement of the second locking component (3), so as to release the detachable connection between the threshold (13) and the door frame (11) connect; When the first locking component (2) is rotated to the locking position (122), the first locking component (2) and the second locking component (3) are both locked and connected to the threshold (13 ). 2. The cabin door structure according to claim 1, further comprising: An identification component (5) is arranged on the threshold (13), and the identification component (5) is used to identify an object located in front of the hatch body (12); A driving assembly (6), arranged on the hatch body (12) and connected to the first locking assembly (2), the driving assembly (6) is used to drive the first locking assembly (2) Rotate to first unlocked position (121), locked position (122) or second unlocked position (123). 3. The cabin door structure according to claim 2, wherein the identification module is a visual identification module or a laser radar module. 4. The cabin door structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first locking assembly (2) comprises a turntable (21), a locking bar (22) and a drive bar (23), and the locking bar ( 22) and the drive rod (23) are arranged on the turntable (21), the turntable (21) is rotatably connected to the hatch body (12), and the lock rod (22) is connected to the door frame (11) detachable connection, the end of the drive rod (23) is hinged with the linkage assembly (4), and the turntable (21) turns to the first unlocking position (121) or the second unlocking position ( 123), the lock bar (22) is separated from the door frame (11), and when the turntable (21) rotates to the locking position (122), the lock bar (22) is locked and connected to the door frame (11). 5. The cabin door structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, the first locking assembly (2) further comprises an operating rod (24), and the operating rod (24) is fixedly connected to the turntable (21) And used to point to the first unlocked position (121), the locked position (122) or the second unlocked position (123). 6. The door structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, the first locking assembly (2) further comprises a stop ring (25) fixedly arranged on the door body (12), the lock The rod (22) is hinged with the turntable (21) and penetrates into the stop ring (25), and the lock bar (22) can move relative to the stop ring (25) when the turntable (21) rotates . 7. The hatch structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, the linkage assembly (4) comprises a connecting rod (41) and a connecting piece (42), and the connecting piece (42) is rotatably arranged on the On the hatch body (12), the connecting piece (42) has a first end (421) and a second end (422), and the two ends of the connecting rod (41) are respectively hinged to the driving rod (23) and the first end (421), the second end (422) is hinged to the second locking component (3). 8. The cabin door structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, the second locking assembly (3) comprises a connected telescopic module (31) and a driving module (32), the The telescopic module (31) has a telescopic rod (311), the telescopic rod (311) is detachably connected to the door frame (11), and the drive module (32) is detachably connected to the second end (422) to The second end (422) can trigger the action of the driving module (32) to drive the telescopic rod (311) to lock and connect or unlock the door frame (11). 9. The cabin door structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a buffer hinge (14) is arranged between the threshold (13) and the door frame (11). 10. A ship, characterized in that it comprises a hull and the hatch structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the hull has a cabin, and the hatch structure is provided on a door opening of the cabin.