CN116480289B - Drilling machine for annular hole - Google Patents
Drilling machine for annular holeInfo
- Publication number
- CN116480289B CN116480289B CN202310145740.3A CN202310145740A CN116480289B CN 116480289 B CN116480289 B CN 116480289B CN 202310145740 A CN202310145740 A CN 202310145740A CN 116480289 B CN116480289 B CN 116480289B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- hollow shaft
- annular body
- annular
- peripheral surface
- drilling machine
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/44—Bits with helical conveying portion, e.g. screw type bits; Augers with leading portion or with detachable parts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于环形孔的钻孔机，其包括支座、驱动架和搅拌部；支座具有支撑台和贯穿支撑台的作业孔，在支撑台的支撑面上安装有摆动器；驱动架包括一活动地支撑在支撑面上的驱动轮；驱动轮连接在摆动器上；搅拌部包括空心轴、安装在空心轴下端的环形体和安装在环形体下端的螺旋钻具，空心轴和环形体同轴设置，支撑台经作业孔自由地套设在空心轴上；驱动轮套设在空心轴上、并经凸齿和凹槽卡持在一起，螺旋钻具包括连接在一起的螺旋钻头和马达，马达安装在环形体的马达腔内，在环形体上固定安装有进液管和出浆管，进液管的排液口和出浆管的进浆口均向下贯穿环形体的下端面。本申请中的钻孔机能够适应于多种施工形态，并根据需要调整施工方法。
This invention discloses a drilling machine for annular holes, comprising a support, a drive frame, and a stirring unit. The support has a support platform and a working hole penetrating the support platform, and an oscillator is mounted on the support surface of the support platform. The drive frame includes a drive wheel movably supported on the support surface; the drive wheel is connected to the oscillator. The stirring unit includes a hollow shaft, an annular body mounted at the lower end of the hollow shaft, and a spiral drill bit mounted at the lower end of the annular body. The hollow shaft and the annular body are coaxially arranged, and the support platform is freely sleeved on the hollow shaft through the working hole. The drive wheel is sleeved on the hollow shaft and held together by protruding teeth and grooves. The spiral drill bit includes a spiral drill bit and a motor connected together. The motor is installed in the motor cavity of the annular body. An inlet pipe and a slurry outlet pipe are fixedly mounted on the annular body, and the outlet of the inlet pipe and the slurry outlet pipe both penetrate downwards through the lower end face of the annular body. The drilling machine of this application can adapt to various construction methods and adjust the construction method as needed.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a drilling machine for annular holes.
Background
In the construction of the existing building structure, a large number of engineering piles and piles for foundation treatment are required, in some construction areas, due to site requirements or surrounding environment requirements, precast round piles cannot be used in a large amount, and only part of cast-in-situ piles or steel sheet piles can be used for forming composite piles, but pile ends of the steel sheet piles are smaller in holding force, in some soft soil areas, the use effect is poor, the steel sheet piles cannot be used as foundation piles, even if cast-in-situ piles are adopted, the cast-in-situ piles are also used as independent pile bodies, and the precast piles and the cast-in-situ piles are mixed for construction, so that the construction difficulty is high, and the construction efficiency is low.
At present, pile repairing is sometimes needed to be carried out on an area where pile body construction is completed again so as to make up for exploration defects or design defects, or to adapt to modification of building design, but pile repairing can only be carried out on an area deviating from an original bearing point, a bearing platform needs to be correspondingly enlarged, and corresponding areas need to be adjusted. Therefore, it is necessary to expand and reinforce the existing concrete precast round pile which has completed sinking, so as to improve the bearing capacity.
In addition, in the existing building construction, because the construction cost of the cement soil tubular pile is low, the cement soil tubular pile is widely applied to construction areas with low requirements, when the cement soil tubular pile is constructed, a tubular drilling tool is usually utilized, cement paste is sprayed into the ground while a pile hole is drilled, and the cement paste is utilized to impact and soften the underground soil so as to improve the construction efficiency. However, in construction, the rotation speed of the cylindrical drilling tool is slower, the stirring effect is weaker, and the cement paste and the soil body cannot be uniformly mixed by mainly depending on the impact force of the cement paste, so that in order to improve the mixing uniformity of the cement paste and the soil body, the cylindrical drilling tool needs to be lifted and lowered in the pile hole for multiple times after drilling of the drilling hole is completed, so that the cement paste and the soil body are uniformly mixed, and the quality of the pile body is ensured. Because the cylindrical drilling tool needs to be lifted for many times, the construction efficiency of the cement soil cylindrical pile can not be effectively improved all the time.
Thus, there is an urgent need for a hole drilling apparatus capable of being applied to annular holes of various working conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the application firstly provides a drilling machine for annular holes, which comprises a support, a driving frame and a stirring part, wherein the support is provided with a supporting table, the upper surface of the supporting table is formed into a horizontally arranged supporting surface, a working hole penetrating through the supporting table along the vertical direction is formed in the supporting table, and a vibrator is arranged on the supporting surface;
The stirring part comprises a hollow shaft extending along the vertical direction, an annular body fixedly arranged at the lower end of the hollow shaft and at least four spiral drilling tools arranged at the lower end of the annular body, wherein the hollow shaft and the annular body are coaxially arranged, the central axes of the hollow shaft and the annular body are collinear with the first axis, a first inner cavity of the hollow shaft and a second inner cavity of the annular body are formed into a central pore canal extending along the vertical direction, and the inner diameter of the first inner cavity and the inner diameter of the second inner cavity are not larger than each other and form the inner diameter of the central pore canal;
The driving wheel is sleeved on the hollow shaft, one of the convex teeth and the grooves is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the driving wheel, and the other of the convex teeth and the grooves is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft, wherein the convex teeth and the grooves extend along the vertical direction;
Each spiral drilling tool comprises a spiral drill bit and a motor, wherein the spiral drill bit is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the motor, a motor cavity is formed in the annular body, the motor is arranged in the motor cavity, and the spiral drill bit is arranged on the lower side of the annular body;
All the spiral drills are uniformly arranged around the first axis and positioned in a virtual annular surface, adjacent spiral drills are arranged at intervals, and in the radial direction, the outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft and the outer peripheral surface of the annular body do not exceed the outer side edge of the virtual annular surface outwards, and the inner peripheral surface of the hollow shaft and the inner peripheral surface of the annular body do not exceed the inner side edge of the virtual annular surface inwards; when the stirring part rotates reciprocally, the drill holes formed by the adjacent spiral drill bits can be mutually overlapped;
The liquid inlet pipe and the slurry outlet pipe which extend along the vertical direction are fixedly arranged on the annular body and are fixedly connected to the annular body after freely penetrating through the driving wheel and the operation hole, the liquid inlet pipe is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the slurry outlet pipe is provided with a slurry inlet and a slurry outlet, the liquid outlet and the slurry inlet penetrate through the lower end face of the annular body downwards, and the liquid outlet and the slurry inlet do not exceed the drill point of the auger bit downwards. The number of spiral drilling tools is controlled to be 4-12.
The drilling machine is used for constructing tubular piles, or carrying out diameter expansion reinforcement on concrete prefabricated circular piles such as hollow tubular piles, solid tubular piles and solid circular piles to form composite piles, so that the bearing capacity is improved, or stirring soil around a pile body to be pulled out, and reducing the binding force between the pile body and the surrounding soil so as to reduce the pile pulling force.
When the drilling machine works, the drilling machine is arranged at a preset position, then the motor is started, the spiral drill bit is enabled to rotate, meanwhile, the stirring part is enabled to rotate in a reciprocating mode, water is led into the pile hole through the liquid inlet pipe, the stirring effect of the spiral drill bit is utilized, the cut earthwork forms plain soil slurry, the annular hole at the lower portion of the annular body forms a relatively sealed containing cavity due to the sealing effect of the annular body, the plain soil slurry is discharged out of the annular hole through the slurry outlet pipe under the pushing effect of water pressure, the plain soil slurry not only outputs the cut earthwork to the annular hole, but also plays roles of protecting walls and reducing cutting resistance, and construction efficiency is improved.
When the drilling machine is used for constructing the tubular pile, after the annular hole is completed, the spiral drill bit is lifted out of the annular hole, then a steel reinforcement cage or a prestressed tendon is placed in the annular hole, concrete is poured to form a steel-concrete tubular pile, or only settable materials such as concrete, cement soil, cement mortar and the like are poured to form the plain tubular pile. The steel-concrete tubular pile can be used as an engineering pile, and the plain tubular pile can replace the existing solid pile for foundation treatment such as gravel pile, compaction pile, sand pile and solid cement soil pile. Of course, steel pipes or section steel can be inserted into the plain tubular piles to stiffen the plain tubular piles.
When the hollow pipe pile, the solid round pile and other concrete prefabricated round piles are subjected to diameter expansion and reinforcement, the formed annular holes encircle the periphery of the concrete prefabricated cylinder, and then the settable material is poured into the annular holes to form the plain tubular pile or the steel-concrete tubular pile.
When used for pile extraction, it is only necessary to form annular holes around the existing pile body and then extract the pile body from the ground.
By utilizing the reciprocating rotation of the stirring part, the drilling holes formed by the adjacent spiral drill bits can be mutually overlapped, the overlapping length between the drilling holes formed by the adjacent spiral drill bits can be adjusted according to the requirement, when the drilling holes are completely overlapped, the inner wall and the outer wall of the annular hole are smooth and circular, and when the drilling holes are only partially overlapped, the inner wall and the outer wall of the annular hole can form irregular grooves, so that the formed tubular pile has larger side friction force, and the bearing capacity of the tubular pile can be improved.
In addition, when adopting the better solidifiable material of mobility such as soil cement, cement mortar to construct the tubular pile, after accomplishing the brill of annular hole and establishing, make the auger bit keep in annular hole, then in the inlet tube inputing the solidifiable material annular hole, simultaneously with the auger bit synchronous lift upwards, when promoting, can also utilize the rotation of auger bit and the reciprocal rotation of stirring portion to stir solidifiable material, improve the homogeneity of tubular pile quality.
Therefore, the drilling machine of the application can adapt to various construction modes and adjust the construction method according to the requirement.
Further, the distance between the outer peripheral surface of the annular body and the outer side edge of the virtual annular surface is 10-30mm, the distance between the inner peripheral surface of the annular body and the inner side edge of the virtual annular surface is 10-30mm, the outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft does not exceed the outer peripheral surface of the annular body outwards, and the inner peripheral surface of the hollow shaft does not exceed the inner peripheral surface of the annular body inwards. That is, the outer edge of the virtual annular surface extends outwardly beyond the outer peripheral surface of the annular body, and the inner edge of the virtual annular surface extends inwardly beyond the inner peripheral surface of the annular body.
When this drilling machine is used for pile pulling or hole expanding reinforcement, the annular body and the inner peripheral face and the outer peripheral face of hollow shaft both touch the lateral wall of annular hole can be avoided to this design, influence the stability of annular hole, can make the annular hole below the annular body form a sealed cavity relatively simultaneously for plain soil mud can be discharged through the play thick liquid pipe smoothly.
Specifically, 2-5 vibrators are arranged on the supporting surface, each vibrator comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a swinging rod extending outwards along the radial direction is fixedly arranged on the driving wheel corresponding to each hydraulic cylinder, and all swinging rods are uniformly arranged around the first axis;
Corresponding to each swing rod, a limiting piece is fixedly arranged on the supporting surface and is positioned at the radial outer side of the driving wheel, an arc-shaped groove is formed by the side surface of the limiting piece facing the driving wheel and is recessed along the radial direction far away from the driving wheel, and the arc-shaped grooves on all the limiting pieces are positioned in the same virtual annular groove, the central axis of the virtual annular groove coincides with the first axis;
Corresponding to each hydraulic cylinder, a guide rail group is fixedly arranged on the supporting surface, each guide rail group at least comprises one guide rail, the hydraulic cylinders are slidably arranged on the guide rails of the corresponding guide rail group, the extending direction of the piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders is perpendicular to the guide rails of the arranged guide rail group, the piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders are perpendicular to the first axis, the piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders are hinged to the corresponding swing rods, and when each guide rail group at least comprises two guide rails, the guide rails in the same guide rail group are parallel to each other.
The driving wheel is movably supported in the arc-shaped groove through the swing rod, so that the driving wheel is movably supported on the supporting surface through the limiting piece.
The extension length of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder can be flexibly adjusted, so that the drilling machine can flexibly adjust the rotation angle of the hollow shaft to adjust the lap joint rate, and the lap joint rate in actual construction can be kept within the design range due to less hysteresis when the piston rod reciprocates. Although the stepping motor and the servo motor have the advantages of flexible adjustment and small hysteresis, when the output power is larger, the volume of the motor is correspondingly increased, so that the volume of the drilling machine is increased, and the transfer is inconvenient. The supporting table is used as the mounting seat of the hydraulic cylinder, the mounting seat of the hydraulic cylinder is not required to be manufactured on the ground, and when the drilling machine is transferred, the whole drilling machine can be rapidly positioned and the operation is carried out, so that the construction efficiency is improved.
In order to maximize the torque that the piston rod generates on the swing rod, it is preferable that the piston rod is hinged to the radially outer end of the swing rod. I.e. the piston rod is hinged to one end of the swing rod away from the driving wheel.
Specifically, an inner spline is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the driving wheel, and an outer spline meshed with the inner spline is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft. The driving wheel and the hollow shaft are formed by adopting spline structures, so that the torque between the driving wheel and the hollow shaft can be ensured, the key teeth are prevented from being damaged under larger torque, the stable connection between the driving wheel and the hollow shaft is ensured, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged.
The annular body comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder sleeved outside the inner cylinder, wherein the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder extend along the vertical direction, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are radially provided with a distance, the upper ends of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are provided with a top cover which is annular, the radial inner end and the radial outer end of the top cover are respectively and fixedly arranged on the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder in a sealing way;
The receiving chamber is formed as a motor chamber in which the motor is fixedly mounted, and a drive shaft of the motor extends downwardly in a vertical direction sealingly from the base plate, and a drill rod of the auger bit is fixedly connected to the drive shaft.
The motor chamber that holds the chamber formation installation motor utilizes to hold the great operating space in chamber, can conveniently install, debug and change the motor, can set up multiunit motor mounted position simultaneously on the bottom plate, the motor group of different combination forms of installation as required to adjust screw drill's model, quantity and distance.
Further, a radially outwardly projecting step is provided at the lower end of the hollow shaft, which step has an annular upwardly facing step surface on which the drive wheel can be detachably supported.
When the drilling machine completes the drilling of one annular hole, the hollow shaft is lifted upwards, so that the driving wheel is supported on the step surface, the whole drilling machine leaves the ground, and the whole drilling machine is transferred to the next operation position. The step surface can be moved away from the drive wheel when the auger bit drills down an annular hole.
Further, the driving frame also comprises a positioning ring which is positioned on the upper side of the driving wheel, the positioning ring is fixedly arranged on the top of the hollow shaft, and the liquid inlet pipe and the slurry outlet pipe are fixedly arranged on the positioning ring. The liquid inlet pipe and the slurry outlet pipe are both steel pipes. When the pile expanding machine works, the positioning ring moves downwards synchronously along with the spiral drill bit cutting the soil downwards and approaches the driving wheel. When the positioning ring is abutted against the driving wheel, the maximum working depth of the spiral drill bit is obtained. The design can fully utilize the length of the hollow shaft.
By utilizing the locating ring, the liquid inlet pipe and the slurry outlet pipe can be kept to extend along the vertical direction between the locating ring and the annular body, and no inclination phenomenon can be generated. When the drilling machine works, the annular body is always kept at the upper side of the driving wheel, so that the impact of the liquid inlet pipe and the slurry outlet pipe on the peripheral wall of the annular hole can be effectively avoided when the liquid inlet pipe and the slurry outlet pipe are not restrained, and the stability of the annular hole is affected.
Further, in order to facilitate the lifting and transferring of the drilling machine, a hanging hole is formed in the top end of the hollow shaft.
Further, when the stirring section is reciprocally rotated, the overlapping ratio of the drilled holes formed by the adjacent auger bits is 20 to 100%. The overlap ratio refers to the ratio of the overlap length between the drill holes formed by the adjacent two auger bits to the drill hole diameter, for example, the drill hole diameter is 320mm, and when the overlap length between the drill holes formed by the adjacent two auger bits is 80mm, the overlap ratio is 80/320=25%. When the overlap ratio is 100%, the inner and outer walls of the annular hole are smooth, and when the overlap ratio is less than 100%, the inner and outer walls of the annular hole are provided with a large number of grooves, so that the inner and outer walls of the formed tubular pile are provided with corresponding grooves, the friction force of the tubular pile can be improved, and the bearing capacity of the tubular pile is enhanced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a drilling machine.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the drilling machine.
Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a view in the direction A-A in fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a view in the direction B-B in fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a view in the direction C-C in fig. 2.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion D in fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion E in fig. 6.
Fig. 9 is a diagram showing a positional relationship between the virtual annular surface on which the auger bit is located and the stirring section.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the working state of the drilling machine.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, a drilling machine includes a support 10, a driving frame 20, and a stirring portion 40. The support 10 comprises legs 11 and a generally square support table 12 fixedly mounted on top of the legs. Of course, the support table may be provided in a circular or rectangular shape, or other shapes.
The upper surface of the support table 12 is formed as a support surface 121, the support surface 121 is horizontally disposed, and the support table 12 is provided with a work hole 122 penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of the support table 12.
The stirring section 40 includes a hollow shaft 41 extending in a vertical direction, an annular body 42 is fixedly installed at a lower end of the hollow shaft, and eight auger tools 50 are installed at a lower end of the annular body 42. The central axes of the hollow shaft and the annular body are each collinear with the first axis 91, i.e. the hollow shaft and the annular body are coaxially arranged, the first axis 91 extending in the vertical direction. The first inner cavity of the hollow shaft and the second inner cavity of the annular body are formed together to form a central pore canal 412 extending along the vertical direction, and the supporting table is freely sleeved on the hollow shaft through the working hole. A hanging hole 413 is formed in the top end of the hollow shaft 41, and the hanging hole 413 penetrates through the shaft wall of the hollow shaft 41 in the radial direction.
In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the first inner cavity is the same as the inner diameter of the second inner cavity, and the inner diameter of the central hole 412 is the inner diameter of the first inner cavity or the inner diameter of the second inner cavity.
It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the inner diameter of the central bore is the inner diameter of the second lumen when the inner diameter of the first lumen > the inner diameter of the second lumen, and the inner diameter of the central bore is the inner diameter of the first lumen when the inner diameter of the first lumen < the inner diameter of the second lumen. That is, not greater of the inner diameters of the first and second lumens is formed as the inner diameter of the central tunnel.
In this embodiment, the annular body 42 includes an inner cylinder 421 and an outer cylinder 422 sleeved outside the inner cylinder 421, both of which extend along a vertical direction, and the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder have a distance in a radial direction. Referring to fig. 7, a first inner flange 426 is mounted on the radially inner side of the upper end of the inner cylinder, a first outer flange 424 is mounted on the radially outer side of the upper end of the outer cylinder, a top cap 428 is ring-shaped, and the radially inner end and the radially outer end of the top cap are detachably and fixedly mounted on the upper sides of the first inner flange 426 and the first outer flange 424 respectively in a sealing manner by bolts. Namely, the radial inner end and the radial outer end of the top cover are respectively and fixedly arranged at the upper ends of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder in a sealing way.
Referring to fig. 8, a second inner flange 427 is installed at the radially inner side of the lower end of the inner cylinder, a second outer flange 425 is installed at the radially outer side of the lower end of the outer cylinder, a bottom cover 429 is ring-shaped, and the radially inner end and the radially outer end of the bottom cover are detachably and fixedly installed at the lower sides of the second inner flange 427 and the second outer flange 425 respectively in a sealing manner by bolts. Namely, the radial inner end and the radial outer end of the bottom cover are respectively and hermetically detachably arranged at the lower ends of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. The space surrounded by the inner cylinder, the outer cylinder, the top cover and the bottom cover is formed as a receiving chamber 423.
At the lower end of the hollow shaft 41, a stepped portion 44 is provided which protrudes radially outward, and is a cylinder extending in the vertical direction, and upper and lower ends of the cylinder are welded to the lower end of the hollow shaft 41 and the top cover 428, respectively. The inner diameter of the cylinder is larger than the inner diameter of the hollow shaft, the outer diameter of the cylinder is larger than the outer diameter of the hollow shaft and smaller than the outer diameter of the annular body, and a step surface 43 is arranged between the step part 44 and the hollow shaft and is annular upwards.
The driving wheel 21, described below, can be supported on this step surface 43 when lifting the hollow shaft upwards, and can leave this step surface 43 when the hollow shaft moves downwards. I.e. the drive wheel can be detachably supported on the step surface.
Each of the screw drills 50 includes a screw drill 52 and a motor 51 fixedly installed in the receiving chamber, a motor shaft hole is formed in the bottom cover corresponding to each motor, an output shaft 511 of the motor 51 is coupled to a drill stem 521 of the screw drill 52 through the motor shaft hole penetrating out of the bottom cover 429 so that the screw drill is installed at the lower side of the ring body, screw blades 522 are welded to the outer circumferential surface of the drill stem 521, and a drill point 523 of the drill stem 52 faces downward. That is, in the present embodiment, the accommodation chamber is simultaneously formed as the motor chamber. It will be appreciated that in another embodiment, the annular body may be of solid construction, and then a motor cavity is provided within the annular body for each motor.
A packing flange 512 is fitted over the output shaft 511 and sealingly mounted to the bottom cover, and an O-ring 513 is mounted between the packing flange and the output shaft to seal the gap between the packing flange and the output shaft.
Referring to fig. 9, eight auger bits 52 are uniformly disposed about the first axis, and in fig. 9, the first axis 91 is shown as a small circle for clarity. All of the auger bits are positioned within a virtual annular surface 420, as viewed in the vertical direction, with adjacent auger bits being spaced apart. And the outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft and the outer peripheral surface of the annular body are not beyond the outer side edge of the virtual annular surface outwards in the radial direction, and the inner peripheral surface of the hollow shaft and the inner peripheral surface of the annular body are not beyond the inner side edge of the virtual annular surface inwards.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the inner diameter DA of the virtual annular surface 420 is 605mm, the outer diameter DB of the virtual annular surface 420 is 1245mm, the inner diameter DC of the annular body 42 is 630mm, and the outer diameter DD of the annular body is 1210mm. The inner peripheral surface of the hollow shaft is coplanar with the inner peripheral surface of the annular body, namely, the inner diameter of the central pore canal is 650mm. The outer peripheral surface of the annular body extends outwards beyond the outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft. In fig. 9, reference numeral 101 denotes an inner edge of the virtual annular surface 420, reference numeral 102 denotes an outer edge of the virtual annular surface 420, reference numeral 4201 denotes an inner peripheral surface of the annular body 42, and reference numeral 4202 denotes an outer peripheral surface of the annular body 42.
It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft and the outer peripheral surface of the annular body may both be located on the same circular surface as the outer side edge of the virtual annular surface, and the inner peripheral surface of the hollow shaft and the inner peripheral surface of the annular body may both be located on another circular surface as the inner side edge of the virtual annular surface.
The driving frame 20 comprises driving wheels 21 and positioning rings 22 which are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction, wherein the driving wheels and the positioning rings are all in a circular ring shape, the driving wheels are sleeved on the hollow shaft, the positioning rings 22 are positioned on the upper sides of the driving wheels, and the positioning rings 22 are welded on the top of the hollow shaft. Five steel pipes extending in the vertical direction are connected to the positioning ring 22, and each of the five steel pipes includes one liquid inlet pipe 241, one slurry outlet pipe 242, and three sheath pipes 23. Five steel pipes are welded on the positioning ring 22, corresponding to the five steel pipes, five pipe penetrating holes 212 are formed in the driving wheel, and the five steel pipes freely penetrate through one pipe penetrating hole respectively.
The liquid inlet pipe 241 has a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the pulp outlet pipe 242 has a liquid inlet and a pulp outlet, and both the liquid inlet pipe 241 and the pulp outlet pipe 242 penetrate the annular body in the vertical direction and extend out of the bottom cover 429 in a sealing manner, so that both the liquid outlet and the liquid inlet extend out of the bottom cover downward. In this embodiment, the liquid outlet and the pulp inlet are both flush with the lower end surface of the bottom cover, and the liquid inlet and the pulp outlet extend upwards out of the positioning ring. The upper pipe orifices of the three protective sleeves extend upwards out of the positioning ring, and the lower pipe orifices of the three protective sleeves extend into the accommodating cavity.
In this embodiment, the cables are fed into the receiving chambers through three sheath tubes 23, respectively, and then connected to the motors.
Two symmetrical sides of the driving wheel 21 are respectively provided with a swing rod 32, the swing rods are fixedly connected to the peripheral surface of the driving wheel, and the swing rods extend outwards along the radial direction of the driving wheel. I.e. the two pendulum rods are evenly arranged around the first axis.
Two pendulums 30 are mounted on the support surface, each corresponding to one of the pendulum rods 32. The two vibrators are identical in structure and each vibrator 30 includes a hydraulic cylinder 35.
It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, when the number of pendulum rods is 3,4 or 5, the corresponding number of pendulum rods is 3,4 or 5.
Corresponding to each hydraulic cylinder, a guide rail group is fixedly installed on the supporting surface, each guide rail group comprises two guide rails 356 which are parallel to each other, in this embodiment, a T-shaped guide rail is adopted as the guide rail, the front end plate 354 and the rear end plate 355 are respectively arranged at two ends of the cylinder 351 of the hydraulic cylinder 35, the cylinder 351 is horizontally arranged, a sliding piece 357 is respectively installed at the lower ends of the front end plate and the rear end plate, the sliding piece 357 is provided with a groove capable of being clamped on the guide rail, and the two sliding pieces are respectively clamped on one T-shaped guide rail in a sliding manner through the groove, so that the hydraulic cylinders can slide back and forth along the length direction of the T-shaped guide rail. The extension direction of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is perpendicular to the mounted T-rail and the piston rod is perpendicular to the first axis.
Corresponding to each swing rod 32, a limiting piece 34 is fixedly arranged on the supporting surface and is positioned on the radial outer side of the driving wheel 21, an arc-shaped groove 341 is formed by the limiting piece 34 which is recessed towards the side of the driving wheel 21 along the radial direction away from the driving wheel. The arc groove 341 has an arc bottom protruding radially outward, and the radially outer end of the swing link 32 is a hemispherical end 321, and the end 321 movably extends into the arc groove. All the arc-shaped grooves are positioned in the same virtual annular groove, and the central axis of the virtual annular groove coincides with the first axis. The driving wheel is movably supported in the arc-shaped groove through the swing rod, so that the driving wheel is movably supported on the supporting surface through the limiting piece. It will be appreciated that in another embodiment, the end may also be spherical.
Along the circumferential direction of the driving wheel, the hydraulic cylinders are positioned on the same side of the corresponding swing rod in the circumferential direction. A hinge rod 33 is fixedly installed at the outer end of the swing rod facing the corresponding hydraulic cylinder, the hinge rod 33 is hinged on a piston rod 353 of the hydraulic cylinder through a pin shaft, the pin shaft is not shown in the drawing for clarity, and only a pin shaft hole 331 for inserting the pin shaft is shown. I.e. the piston rod 353 is indirectly hinged to the driving wheel 21 via the hinge rod 33 and the swing link 32.
In this embodiment, the inner circumferential surface of the oscillating wheel is provided with an inner spline 211, the outer circumferential surface of the hollow shaft is provided with an outer spline 411 meshed with the inner spline 211, and the teeth and the key grooves of the inner spline 211 and the outer spline 411 extend in the vertical direction, so that the hollow shaft can reciprocate in the vertical direction relative to the driving wheel. The teeth of the internal spline 211 and the external spline 411 are formed as teeth, and the key grooves are formed as grooves. Namely, the inner peripheral surface of the driving wheel is provided with convex teeth, and the outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft is provided with grooves for the convex teeth to extend into. Or the inner peripheral surface of the driving wheel is provided with a groove, and the outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft is provided with convex teeth which are used for extending into the groove.
Under the drive of piston rod, this drive wheel can take the first axis to carry out reciprocating rotation to drive the hollow shaft and carry out reciprocating rotation in step, and make stirring portion carry out reciprocating rotation in step, make pneumatic cylinder follow T type guide rail reciprocating motion simultaneously.
In this embodiment, eight auger bits with the same structure are provided, the drill points 523 of the eight auger bits are all located on a circle with a diameter of 925mm, and the diameter of each auger bit is 550mm, and when the stirring portion reciprocally rotates, the reciprocal rotation angle is 45 °, so that the drill holes formed by two adjacent auger bits can be mutually overlapped to form a complete annular hole. That is, in this embodiment, the overlap ratio between the drilled holes formed by the adjacent two auger bits is 100%. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the adjustment of the angle of reciprocation may also result in a 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 80% overlap between the bores formed by adjacent helical drills, although other ratios between 20-100% are possible. The overlap ratio refers to the ratio of the overlap length between the drill holes formed by two adjacent auger bits to the drill hole diameter, for example, the drill hole diameter in this embodiment is 320mm, and when the drill holes formed by two adjacent auger bits are completely overlapped, i.e., the overlap length is 320mm, the overlap ratio is 320/320=100%.
It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the spline-type driving wheel and the hollow shaft are not required, and only grooves or teeth are required to be formed on a partial outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft, and corresponding teeth or grooves are required to be formed in a corresponding region of an inner peripheral surface of the driving wheel, so that the hollow shaft can perform corresponding reciprocating rotation under the driving of the driving wheel.
The following describes the use of the drilling machine, specifically describing pile extraction, referring to fig. 10, the specific steps of pile extraction are as follows:
(1) The drill is installed on the construction surface with the pile body 90 facing the central opening.
(2) And starting the motor to drive the spiral drill bit to rotate, synchronously starting the hydraulic cylinders, driving the stirring part to reciprocate around the first axis, and cutting the soil around the pile body to form the annular hole 80.
When the soil body is cut, water is injected into the cut soil through the liquid inlet pipe to form plain soil slurry, and due to the sealing effect of the annular body, the annular hole below the annular body is formed into a relatively sealed cavity, and the plain soil slurry is discharged out of the annular hole through the slurry outlet pipe under the pushing of water pressure. In this example, the water pressure was 0.7MPa. When the plain soil slurry cannot be smoothly discharged out of the annular hole, a slurry pump needs to be connected to the top of the slurry outlet pipe, and the plain soil slurry is discharged out of the annular hole by using the slurry pump.
(3) And when the depth of the annular hole downwards exceeds the lower end face of the pile body, stopping cutting the soil body, removing the drilling machine, and then pulling out the pile body from the ground.
Because the drilling machine cuts off the soil around the pile body, the binding force between the pile body and the surrounding soil is basically canceled, and only a small amount of earthwork is bound on the pile body. When pile pulling is carried out, the maximum resistance is not the pile body per se, but because the pile body is kept underground for a long time, the time is 3-6 months, the time is 1-2 years, and the underground soil is tightly adhered on the pile body, the friction force between the pile body and the soil body needs to be overcome when the pile is pulled, the friction force is generally 4-5 times and sometimes up to 8 times that of the pile body per se, and therefore, after the soil body around the pile body is cut off, the lifting force during pile pulling can be greatly reduced. Although a certain cost is required when the annular hole is drilled, the pile pulling cost can be greatly reduced, the annular hole is formed around the pile body, and the pile pulling cost is only 20-40% of the existing pile pulling cost.
When the pile body is subjected to diameter expansion reinforcement, after the drilling of the annular hole is completed, the settable materials with better fluidity such as cement soil, cement mortar, fine stone concrete and the like are input into the annular hole through the liquid inlet pipe, so that plain soil slurry in the annular hole is continuously discharged outwards through the slurry discharging pipe, the spiral drilling tool is lifted upwards, and finally, a plain barrel pile encircling the periphery of the pile body is formed, and the plain barrel pile and the original pile body form a composite pile together. When the spiral drilling tool is lifted, the rotation of the spiral drilling bit and the reciprocating swing of the stirring part can be kept, the solidifiable material is stirred, and the uniformity of the plain tubular pile is further improved.
Or after the drilling of the annular hole is completed, removing the drilling machine, sinking a reinforcement cage and a prestressed reinforcement in the annular hole, and then casting concrete to form a reinforced concrete cylinder pile, or casting only settable materials such as concrete, cement soil, cement mortar and the like to form a plain cylinder pile to form the composite pile.
And when the construction is carried out in other areas without pile bodies, the steel concrete cylinder piles or plain cylinder piles can be formed.
Claims (10)
1. A drilling machine for an annular hole is characterized by comprising a support, a driving frame and a stirring part, wherein the support is provided with a supporting table, the upper surface of the supporting table is formed into a supporting surface which is horizontally arranged, a working hole which penetrates through the supporting table along the vertical direction is formed in the supporting table, and a vibrator is arranged on the supporting surface;
The stirring part comprises a hollow shaft extending along the vertical direction, an annular body fixedly arranged at the lower end of the hollow shaft and at least four spiral drilling tools arranged at the lower end of the annular body, wherein the hollow shaft and the annular body are coaxially arranged, the central axes of the hollow shaft and the annular body are collinear with the first axis, a first inner cavity of the hollow shaft and a second inner cavity of the annular body are formed into a central pore canal extending along the vertical direction, and the inner diameter of the first inner cavity and the inner diameter of the second inner cavity are not larger than each other and form the inner diameter of the central pore canal;
The driving wheel is sleeved on the hollow shaft, one of the convex teeth and the grooves is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the driving wheel, and the other of the convex teeth and the grooves is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft, wherein the convex teeth and the grooves extend along the vertical direction;
Each spiral drilling tool comprises a spiral drill bit and a motor, wherein the spiral drill bit is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the motor, a motor cavity is formed in the annular body, the motor is arranged in the motor cavity, and the spiral drill bit is arranged on the lower side of the annular body;
All the spiral drills are uniformly arranged around the first axis and positioned in a virtual annular surface, adjacent spiral drills are arranged at intervals, and in the radial direction, the outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft and the outer peripheral surface of the annular body do not exceed the outer side edge of the virtual annular surface outwards, and the inner peripheral surface of the hollow shaft and the inner peripheral surface of the annular body do not exceed the inner side edge of the virtual annular surface inwards; when the stirring part rotates reciprocally, the drill holes formed by the adjacent spiral drill bits can be mutually overlapped;
The liquid inlet pipe and the slurry outlet pipe which extend along the vertical direction are fixedly arranged on the annular body and are fixedly connected to the annular body after freely penetrating through the driving wheel and the operation hole, the liquid inlet pipe is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the slurry outlet pipe is provided with a slurry inlet and a slurry outlet, the liquid outlet and the slurry inlet penetrate through the lower end face of the annular body downwards, and the liquid outlet and the slurry inlet do not exceed the drill point of the auger bit downwards.
2. The drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the outer peripheral surface of the annular body and the outer edge of the virtual annular surface is 10-30mm, the distance between the inner peripheral surface of the annular body and the inner edge of the virtual annular surface is 10-30mm, the outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft does not protrude outward beyond the outer peripheral surface of the annular body, and the inner peripheral surface of the hollow shaft does not protrude inward beyond the inner peripheral surface of the annular body.
3. The drilling machine of claim 1, wherein 2-5 vibrators are mounted on the support surface, each vibrator comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a swinging rod extending outwards in the radial direction is fixedly arranged on the driving wheel corresponding to each hydraulic cylinder, and all swinging rods are uniformly arranged around the first axis;
Corresponding to each swing rod, a limiting piece is fixedly arranged on the supporting surface and is positioned at the radial outer side of the driving wheel, an arc-shaped groove is formed by the side surface of the limiting piece facing the driving wheel and is recessed along the radial direction far away from the driving wheel, and the arc-shaped grooves on all the limiting pieces are positioned in the same virtual annular groove, the central axis of the virtual annular groove coincides with the first axis;
Corresponding to each hydraulic cylinder, a guide rail group is fixedly arranged on the supporting surface, each guide rail group at least comprises one guide rail, the hydraulic cylinders are slidably arranged on the guide rails of the corresponding guide rail group, the extending direction of the piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders is perpendicular to the guide rails of the arranged guide rail group, the piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders are perpendicular to the first axis, the piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders are hinged to the corresponding swing rods, and when each guide rail group at least comprises two guide rails, the guide rails in the same guide rail group are parallel to each other.
4. A drilling machine according to claim 3, wherein the piston rod is hinged to the radially outer end of the pendulum rod.
5. The drilling machine of claim 1, wherein the driving wheel is provided with an internal spline on an inner circumferential surface thereof, and the hollow shaft is provided with an external spline on an outer circumferential surface thereof, which is engaged with the internal spline.
6. The drilling machine of claim 1, wherein the annular body comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder sleeved outside the inner cylinder, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder extend along the vertical direction, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder have a distance in the radial direction, a top cover is arranged at the upper ends of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder and is annular, the radial inner end and the radial outer end of the top cover are respectively and fixedly arranged on the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder in a sealing way, a bottom cover is arranged at the lower ends of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder and is annular, and the radial inner end and the radial outer end of the bottom cover are respectively and detachably arranged on the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder in a sealing way;
The receiving chamber is formed as a motor chamber in which the motor is fixedly mounted, and a drive shaft of the motor extends downwardly in a vertical direction sealingly from the base plate, and a drill rod of the auger bit is fixedly connected to the drive shaft.
7. A drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein a radially outwardly projecting step is provided at the lower end of the hollow shaft, the step having an annular upwardly facing step surface on which the drive wheel is detachably supported.
8. The drilling machine of claim 1, wherein the drive frame further comprises a positioning ring, the positioning ring is located on the upper side of the drive wheel, the positioning ring is fixedly mounted on the top of the hollow shaft, and the liquid inlet pipe and the slurry outlet pipe are fixedly mounted on the positioning ring.
9. The drilling machine of claim 1, wherein a hanging hole is formed in the top end of the hollow shaft.
10. The drilling machine of claim 1, wherein adjacent auger bits form a borehole having a bridging rate of 20-100% when the stirring section is reciprocally rotated.
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| CN202310145740.3A CN116480289B (en) | 2023-02-21 | 2023-02-21 | Drilling machine for annular hole |
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| CN202310145740.3A CN116480289B (en) | 2023-02-21 | 2023-02-21 | Drilling machine for annular hole |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001026929A (en) * | 1999-07-15 | 2001-01-30 | Japan Found Eng Co Ltd | Underground obstacle removal method |
| CN102182404A (en) * | 2011-03-10 | 2011-09-14 | 李征 | Cast-in-situ tubular pile rotary drilling rig capable of forming annular hole and piling method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN202000337U (en) * | 2010-09-25 | 2011-10-05 | 朱金明 | Five-axis long spiral boring machine for construction of column-row type soil cement wall |
| DE102012218285A1 (en) * | 2012-10-08 | 2014-04-10 | Bauer Maschinen Gmbh | Device and method for creating a foundation and foundation |
| KR101575672B1 (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2015-12-08 | 오거토탈 주식회사 | Oil pressure low auger of half ture for ground excavator |
| CN105113488B (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2017-05-03 | 河海大学 | Construction method of multi-head minor-diameter long-spiral drilling machine in cast-in-situ major-diameter tubular pile |
| CN210768584U (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-06-16 | 江苏地基工程有限公司 | A device for forming soft soil foundation rotary excavation pile mud retaining wall |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001026929A (en) * | 1999-07-15 | 2001-01-30 | Japan Found Eng Co Ltd | Underground obstacle removal method |
| CN102182404A (en) * | 2011-03-10 | 2011-09-14 | 李征 | Cast-in-situ tubular pile rotary drilling rig capable of forming annular hole and piling method |
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