CN116387719B - Container energy storage system based on intelligent fire control management function - Google Patents
Container energy storage system based on intelligent fire control management function Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010801 machine learning Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010259 detection of temperature stimulus Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 44
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 101100425816 Dictyostelium discoideum top2mt gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 101150082896 topA gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a container energy storage system based on intelligent fire control management function, comprising: an energy storage tank; the N battery bins are arranged in the energy storage box body; the N battery clusters are arranged in the battery bins in a one-to-one correspondence manner, each battery cluster comprises M battery packs stacked in the vertical direction, and N, M is larger than 1; and the fire-fighting mechanism comprises a control host, and a fire detection device, a fire extinguishing device, an audible and visual alarm device and an active exhaust device which are all in communication connection with the control host. The container energy storage system based on the intelligent fire control management function provided by the invention can be used for carrying out high-efficiency PACK-level fire extinguishment with accurate positioning, can also be used for realizing cluster-level fire extinguishment when a fire spreads, and can also be used for carrying out full-immersion fire extinguishment when the fire further expands, so that the container energy storage system has a flexible and intelligent hierarchical thermal runaway management function.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a container energy storage system based on an intelligent fire control management function.
Background
With the large-scale development of the energy storage market, the lithium battery energy storage as a new energy storage element enters a large-scale application stage, and then some application problems are faced in the rapid development of the industry: the lithium battery in the energy storage container has a certain risk, and the lithium battery can cause thermal runaway under some unexpected situations due to the thermal stability of the material of the lithium battery, so the reliability of the fire monitoring and restraining system in the energy storage container has an important influence on the application safety of the energy storage system of the container.
The conventional container energy storage system adopts a scheme that one or more detectors are arranged in a container to monitor fire, and a plurality of nozzles are arranged, so that when the fire is found, the fire is controlled by adopting a full-immersion fire extinguishing mode. The scheme can inhibit fire, but can cause huge waste, including waste of fire extinguishing agent, waste of follow-up cleaning and maintenance of partial lithium batteries without fire, and the like, and can not intensively extinguish fire aiming at the fire, so the fire extinguishing efficiency is low. And some traditional PACK level fire extinguishing systems generally need to dispose 1 nozzle and 1 sensor on every battery PACK to when any one battery PACK takes place the condition of a fire, can carry out accurate location through its corresponding sensor, thereby put out a fire to the battery PACK that takes place the condition of a fire, it can realize accurate fire extinguishing, but the problem that brings is: the number of detectors is large, the cost is significantly increased, and the mounting arrangement of the detectors is relatively complex.
Patent CN114914622B discloses an energy storage container, and it can improve the fire detection and put out a fire the accuracy nature through optimizing nozzle, information acquisition device's setting, and for traditional PACK level fire extinguishing systems, it can reduce the quantity of nozzle and information acquisition device (i.e. detector) to a certain extent. However, the scheme still essentially realizes the monitoring of a plurality of battery packs in an area through the information acquisition device, and then the fire control is carried out on the plurality of battery packs in the area through the nozzle. Therefore, when a fire occurs, the fire positioning and control system can not be positioned to a specific fire point battery PACK, but to an area smaller than a battery cluster, so that the fire positioning and control system of the PACK level can not be really realized, and the fire positioning and control system still belongs to a fire protection system of the battery cluster level basically.
Therefore, there is still a need for improvements in the art to provide a more reliable solution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a container energy storage system based on an intelligent fire control management function aiming at the defects in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a container energy storage system based on intelligent fire management functions, comprising:
an energy storage tank;
the N battery bins are arranged in the energy storage box body;
the N battery clusters are arranged in the battery bins in a one-to-one correspondence manner, each battery cluster comprises M battery packs stacked in the vertical direction, and N, M is larger than 1;
the fire control mechanism comprises a control host, and a fire detection device, a fire extinguishing device, an audible and visual alarm device and an active exhaust device which are all in communication connection with the control host, wherein the fire detection device comprises N detector groups which are arranged in the battery bin in a one-to-one correspondence manner, each detector group comprises two air suction type fire detectors which are respectively arranged at the bottom and the top of the battery bin, and the air suction type fire detectors at least realize detection of temperature and combustible gas concentration;
the fire extinguishing device comprises a fire extinguishing host, a conveying pipeline connected with the fire extinguishing host and nozzle units arranged in the battery bin and connected with the tail end of the conveying pipeline, wherein each nozzle unit is correspondingly arranged on the periphery of each battery pack and used for spraying fire extinguishing agent to the battery pack, a nozzle control valve in communication connection with the control host is arranged between each nozzle unit and the conveying pipeline, and each nozzle control valve correspondingly controls the on-off of 1 nozzle unit.
Preferably, the active air exhaust device comprises an air exhaust port arranged on the energy storage box body, an air exhaust fan arranged on the air exhaust port, an air exhaust main pipe connected to the air exhaust port, an air return port arranged on the energy storage box body, a sub air return port arranged on the battery compartment and N air exhaust branch pipes used for communicating the sub air exhaust port of each battery compartment to the air exhaust main pipe, and an air exhaust control valve connected with the control main machine in a communication manner is arranged on each air exhaust branch pipe.
Preferably, the fire-fighting mechanism carries out intelligent fire-fighting management on the system, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
s1, numbering all battery bins in sequence as 1,2, N, i represents a battery compartment number, i=1, 2,. -%, N; the battery packs in the battery clusters in each battery compartment are numbered 1,2 sequentially from bottom to top, M, j represents the height position numbers of the battery packs, j=1, 2, M; pij represents the jth battery pack in the ith battery compartment;
the nozzle units in each battery compartment are numbered 1,2 sequentially from bottom to top, wherein M, qij represents the j-th nozzle unit in the i-th battery compartment, and Qij is the nozzle unit corresponding to the battery pack Pij;
the N detector groups respectively detect the temperature T and the combustible gas concentration C of the N battery bins, and the control host acquires the detection result of each air suction type fire detector in the N detector groups in real time;
s2, when the temperature Ti and/or the combustible gas concentration Ci detected by any one of the air-breathing type fire detectors are abnormal, the control host locates the detector group Gi to which the air-breathing type fire detector belongs and the battery compartment Pi where the air-breathing type fire detector is located, and the control host implements the following fire control management strategy according to the values of the temperature Ti and the combustible gas concentration Ci:
s2-1, when Ti is more than or equal to Tz1 and less than Tz2 or Cz1 is more than or equal to Ci and less than Cz2, and the duration exceeds 5-30S: the method comprises the steps that an exhaust control valve corresponding to a battery compartment Pi is controlled to be opened, the active exhaust device ventilates the battery compartment Pi, and the audible and visual alarm device sends out alarm information that the battery compartment Pi is abnormal and reminds to stop, check and maintenance, and the step S1 is returned after the stop, check and maintenance are completed manually;
s2-2, when Ti is more than or equal to Tz2 and less than Tz3 or Cz2 is more than or equal to Ci and less than Cz3, and the duration exceeds 5-20S: the connection between the battery bin Pi and the main power supply of the container energy storage system is controlled to be disconnected, an exhaust control valve corresponding to the battery bin Pi is controlled to be opened, the active exhaust device ventilates the battery bin Pi, the audible and visual alarm device sends out alarm information that the battery bin Pi has thermal runaway risk, shutdown checking and maintenance are forced to be carried out, the battery bin Pi is controlled to be connected to the main power supply of the container energy storage system after the shutdown checking and maintenance are completed manually, and S1 is returned;
s2-3, when Ti is more than or equal to Tz3 or Ci is more than or equal to Cz3 and the duration exceeds 2-10S: the connection between the battery compartment Pi and a main power supply of the container energy storage system is controlled to be disconnected, the audible and visual alarm device sends out alarm information that the battery compartment Pi is out of control, and the active air exhaust device closes ventilation to the battery compartment Pi; the positioning module in the control host analyzes a battery PACK Pij with thermal runaway in a battery compartment Pi according to detection results of two air suction type fire detectors in a detector group Gi, controls a nozzle control valve of a nozzle unit Qiaj corresponding to the battery PACK Pij to be opened, sprays fire extinguishing agent to the battery PACK Pij, and carries out PACK-level fire extinguishment;
when Ti and Ci are not reduced to the allowable range after 1-5 min, controlling the fire extinguishing device to spray fire extinguishing agent to all battery packs in the battery compartment Pi for cluster-level fire extinguishing;
wherein, tz1, tz2 and Tz3 are preset temperature thresholds, and Tz1 is smaller than Tz2 and smaller than Tz3; cz1, cz2, cz3 are predetermined flammable gas concentration thresholds, and Cz1 < Cz2 < Cz3.
Preferably, the positioning module comprises a data acquisition and calculation unit, a position positioning network unit based on a machine learning algorithm and a battery pack positioning unit;
the method for positioning the battery pack Pij with thermal runaway by the positioning module in the step S2-3 comprises the following steps:
s2-3-1, wherein the height positions of the bottom suction type fire detectors Gd in all the detector groups are the same, the height positions of the top suction type fire detectors Gu in all the detector groups are the same, the two suction type fire detectors in the detector groups Gi are respectively marked as Gui and Gdi, gui is positioned at the top of the battery compartment Pi, and Gdi is positioned at the lower part of the battery compartment Pi;
the data acquisition and calculation unit acquires the temperature Tui acquired by the air suction type fire detector guil, the combustible gas concentration Cui, the temperature Tdi acquired by the air suction type fire detector Gdi and the combustible gas concentration Cdi, and calculates a temperature difference value delta Ti and a combustible gas concentration difference value delta Ci, wherein delta Ti= Tui-Tdi, and delta Ci=cui-Cdi;
s2-3-2, analyzing the position positioning network unit according to the values of Tui, tdi, delta Ti, cui, cdi and delta Ti by a machine learning algorithm to obtain a height position H of thermal runaway;
s2-3-3, the battery pack positioning unit calculates the value of the height position number j of the battery pack with thermal runaway through the following formula, so that the battery pack Pij is positioned:
；
wherein, the position of the upper end of the suction fire detector Gd at the bottom is taken as a zero plane of the height position, d is the distance between the zero plane and the bottom surface of the battery pack Pi1 at the bottommost, h is the height dimension of each battery pack, the center position of the battery pack in the height direction is taken as the height position coordinate of the battery pack,to round up the function.
Preferably, wherein, whenWhen the result is an integer, judging the battery PACKs Pij and Pi (j-1) as battery PACKs with thermal runaway, and performing PACK level fire extinguishment; otherwise, judging the battery PACK Pij to be out of control, and performing PACK-level fire extinguishment on the battery PACK Pij.
Preferably, the position location network model unit is constructed by the following method;
s2-3-2-1, collecting training data:
adopting a simulation package with the same size as the battery package to collect data, wherein the simulation package has a temperature control function and a gas release function and is used for providing combustible gas with required temperature and concentration;
in a battery compartment, a battery pack is replaced with an analog pack, and data is collected as follows:
releasing the simulated package by a set volume V B And temperature T B The height H of the analog package at this time is recorded B Temperature value Td acquired by air suction type fire detector Gd B And a combustible gas concentration value Cd B Temperature value Tu acquired by air suction type fire detector Gu B And a combustible gas concentration value Cu B And calculate the temperature difference DeltaT B And the difference delta C of the concentration of the combustible gas B ，ΔT B =Tu B -Td B ，ΔC B =Cu B -Cd B Will H B 、Td B 、Tu B 、Cd B 、Cu B 、ΔT B 、ΔC B Combining the two data into one test data r;
acquiring analog package at current height H B At a different volume V B And temperature T B A plurality of test data r are combined to obtain the current height position H B A test dataset R thereon; before each test data r is acquired, ventilation treatment is carried out on the battery compartment;
s2-3-2-2, replacing the analog package with the battery package at each height position in turn, and acquiring the test data set R at each height position according to the method of the step S2-3-2-1 j J=1, 2, M; finally, combining all the test data sets R to construct a training data set;
s2-3-2-3, inputting training dataset R into machine learning based network model, td B 、Tu B 、Cd B 、Cu B 、ΔT B 、ΔC B For input, the height position H of the corresponding analog package B Training the target output to finally obtain the position positioning network model unit.
Preferably, wherein Tz3-10 < T B ＜Tz3+20。
Preferably, tz1=60 to 75 ℃, tz2=76 to 85 ℃, and tz3=88 to 93 ℃;
the combustible gas comprises CO and H 2 One or more of VOC;
for combustible gas CO, its corresponding concentration threshold is: cz1=150 to 200ppm, cz2=260 to 380ppm, cz3=450 to 650ppm;
for combustible gas H 2 The corresponding concentration threshold is: cz1=200 to 300ppm, cz2=850 to 1200ppm, cz3=1500 to 2500ppm;
for combustible gas VOCs, their corresponding concentration thresholds are: cz1=100 to 250ppm, cz2=800 to 1100ppm, cz3=1200 to 2400ppm.
Preferably, N is 2 to 50 and M is 4 to 20.
Preferably, each of the nozzle units includes 1 to 4 nozzles therein, the nozzles being disposed at the side of the battery pack.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the container energy storage system based on the intelligent fire control management function provided by the invention can be used for carrying out high-efficiency PACK-level fire extinguishment with accurate positioning, realizing cluster-level fire extinguishment when a fire spreads, and carrying out full-immersion fire extinguishment when the fire spreads further, so that the container energy storage system has a flexible and intelligent hierarchical thermal runaway management function;
the invention utilizes the position positioning network model unit based on the machine learning algorithm, can realize high-accuracy positioning when a plurality of battery PACKs in a single battery bin generate fire under the condition of adopting only two air suction type fire detectors, thereby realizing PACK-level fire extinguishment, improving the fire extinguishment efficiency and reducing the consumption of fire extinguishing agents; under the condition of realizing the PACK-level fire extinguishment of the battery PACK, the number of the air suction type fire detectors is greatly reduced, and the system cost and the complexity of the installation and arrangement of the air suction type fire detectors are reduced;
according to the invention, the energy storage box body is divided into a plurality of battery bins which are mutually and physically isolated, so that the spread of thermal runaway can be restrained when a fire occurs, and the active air exhaust device can exhaust air of the appointed battery bins, so that the air exhaust efficiency of the battery bins where the fire points are positioned when the fire occurs can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a container energy storage system based on intelligent fire management of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of intelligent fire control management of the container energy storage system based on intelligent fire control management function of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of the positioning module in the present invention for positioning the battery pack Pij in which thermal runaway occurs;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the construction of a position location network model element according to the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-an energy storage box body; 2-a battery compartment; 3-a battery cluster; 4-an air-breathing fire detector; 5-a fire extinguishing device; 20-a separator; 30-battery pack; 50-fire extinguishing host; 51-a conveying pipeline; 52-a nozzle unit; 6-an active exhaust device; 60-sub air outlet; 61-sub-return air inlet.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples to enable those skilled in the art to practice the same by referring to the description.
It will be understood that terms, such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
The present embodiment provides a container energy storage system based on intelligent fire control management function, referring to fig. 1 (a part of the structure is not illustrated in the drawing), the system includes:
an energy storage box 1;
the N battery bins 2 are arranged in the energy storage box body 1;
the N battery clusters 3 are arranged in the battery bin 2 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and each battery cluster 3 comprises M battery packs 30 stacked in the vertical direction, wherein N, M is larger than 1;
the fire-fighting mechanism comprises a control host, and a fire detection device, a fire extinguishing device 5, an audible and visual alarm device and an active exhaust device 6 which are all in communication connection with the control host, wherein the fire detection device comprises N detector groups which are arranged in the battery bin 2 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, each detector group comprises two air suction type fire detectors 4 which are respectively arranged at the bottom and the top of the battery bin 2, and the air suction type fire detectors 4 at least realize the detection of temperature and combustible gas concentration;
the fire extinguishing device 5 comprises a fire extinguishing host 50, a conveying pipeline 51 connected with the fire extinguishing host 50 and nozzle units 52 arranged in the battery bin 2 and connected to the tail end of the conveying pipeline 51, wherein the periphery of each battery pack 30 is correspondingly provided with 1 nozzle unit 52 for spraying fire extinguishing agent to the battery pack 30, a nozzle control valve in communication connection with a control host is arranged between each nozzle unit 52 and the conveying pipeline 51, and each nozzle control valve correspondingly controls the on-off of 1 nozzle unit 52.
In the invention, each battery compartment 2 is mutually and physically isolated, and can be realized by arranging the structures such as the partition plates 20, so that the spread of thermal runaway can be restrained when a fire occurs, and the safety performance of the container energy storage system can be improved.
In the invention, the active air exhaust device 6 comprises an air outlet arranged on the energy storage box body 1, an air exhaust fan arranged on the air outlet, an air exhaust main pipe connected to the air outlet, an air return opening arranged on the energy storage box body 1, a sub air return opening 61 arranged on the battery bin 2 and N air exhaust branch pipes used for communicating the sub air outlet 60 of each battery bin 2 to the air exhaust main pipe, wherein each air exhaust branch pipe is provided with an air exhaust control valve in communication connection with a control host. Under the action of the exhaust fan, the air in the battery bin 2 can be exhausted to the outside of the energy storage box body 1 after passing through the exhaust branch pipe, the exhaust main pipe and the exhaust port, and the outside air enters the energy storage box body 1 through the return air port and then enters each battery bin 2 through the sub return air port 61. The exhaust control valve is used for controlling the on-off of the exhaust branch pipe of the corresponding battery compartment 2, is used for exhausting the appointed battery compartment 2, and can improve the exhaust efficiency of the battery compartment 2 where the fire point is located when the fire occurs.
In the invention, the fire-fighting organization carries out intelligent fire-fighting management of grading early warning on the system, and referring to FIG. 2, the specific method is as follows:
s1, monitoring temperature and combustible gas concentration:
all battery bins were numbered 1,2 in sequence, n.i represents the battery bin number, i=1, 2, N; the battery packs in the battery clusters in each battery compartment are numbered 1,2 sequentially from bottom to top, M, j represents the height position numbers of the battery packs, j=1, 2, M; pij represents the jth battery pack in the ith battery compartment;
the nozzle units in each battery compartment are numbered 1,2 sequentially from bottom to top, wherein M, qij represents the j-th nozzle unit in the i-th battery compartment, and Qij is the nozzle unit corresponding to the battery pack Pij;
the N detector groups respectively detect the temperature T and the combustible gas concentration C of the N battery bins, and the control host machine acquires the detection result of each air suction type fire detector in the N detector groups in real time;
s2, when the temperature Ti and/or the combustible gas concentration Ci detected by any one of the air-breathing type fire detectors are abnormal, the control host locates the detector group Gi to which the air-breathing type fire detectors belong and the battery compartment Pi where the air-breathing type fire detectors are located, and the control host implements the following fire control management strategy according to the values of the temperature Ti and the combustible gas concentration Ci:
s2-1, when Ti is smaller than or equal to Tz1 and smaller than Tz2 or Cz1 is smaller than or equal to Ci and smaller than Cz2, and the duration exceeds 5-30S (so as to reduce the false alarm probability and ensure the early warning accuracy), starting primary early warning: the method comprises the steps of controlling an exhaust control valve corresponding to a battery compartment Pi to be opened, starting an exhaust fan to work, ventilating the battery compartment Pi by an active exhaust device, sending out abnormal alarm information of the battery compartment Pi by an audible and visual alarm device, reminding to stop, check and maintain, and returning to S1 after the stop, check and maintain are completed manually;
s2-2, when Ti is more than or equal to Tz2 and less than Tz3 or Cz2 is more than or equal to Ci and less than Cz3, and the duration exceeds 5-20S, starting secondary early warning: the connection between the battery bin Pi and the main power supply of the container energy storage system is controlled to be disconnected (namely, the battery bin Pi is tripped with the main power supply), an exhaust control valve corresponding to the battery bin Pi is controlled to be opened, the active exhaust device ventilates the battery bin Pi, the audible and visual alarm device sends out alarm information that the battery bin Pi has thermal runaway risk, shutdown checking and maintenance are forced to be carried out, the battery bin Pi is controlled to be connected to the main power supply of the container energy storage system after the shutdown checking and maintenance are manually completed, and S1 is returned;
s2-3, when Ti is more than or equal to Tz3 or Ci is more than or equal to Cz3 and the duration exceeds 2-10S, starting three-stage early warning: the connection between the battery compartment Pi and a main power supply of the container energy storage system is controlled to be disconnected, an audible and visual alarm device sends out alarm information that the battery compartment Pi is out of control, and an active exhaust device closes ventilation of the battery compartment Pi; the positioning module in the control host analyzes a battery PACK Pij with thermal runaway in a battery compartment Pi according to detection results of two air suction type fire detectors in the detector group Gi, controls a nozzle control valve of a nozzle unit Qiaj corresponding to the battery PACK Pij to be opened and sprays fire extinguishing agent to the battery PACK Pij to conduct PACK-level fire extinguishing, so that high-efficiency fire extinguishing can be conducted aiming at fire points, and compared with full-immersion fire extinguishing aiming at the whole container, the method can improve efficiency and greatly reduce fire extinguishing agent consumption;
when Ti and Ci are not reduced to the allowable range (for example, ti is less than Tz2 and Ci is less than Cz 2) after 1-5 min, the fire is spread, the fire is extinguished by the PACK level, and if the fire cannot be controlled, the nozzle control valves of all the nozzle units Qi in the battery bin Pi are opened, and the fire extinguishing device sprays the fire extinguishing agent to all the battery PACKs in the battery bin Pi to perform cluster level fire extinguishing. Namely, when PACK level fire extinguishment cannot effectively inhibit the propagation of fire, the cluster level fire extinguishment is automatically started, so that the fire extinguishing measure grade can be automatically improved according to specific fire, and the safety of intelligent fire control management can be further improved as a safety measure.
Wherein, tz1, tz2 and Tz3 are preset temperature thresholds, and Tz1 is smaller than Tz2 and smaller than Tz3; cz1, cz2, cz3 are predetermined flammable gas concentration thresholds, and Cz1 < Cz2 < Cz3.
It can be understood that when the fire is further out of control (all battery bins need to be subjected to cluster-level fire extinguishing), each battery bin is subjected to cluster-level fire extinguishing, namely, the whole energy storage box is subjected to full-immersion fire extinguishing. Therefore, the invention can not only perform high-efficiency PACK level fire extinguishing with accurate positioning, but also realize cluster level fire extinguishing when the fire spreads, and can also implement full-immersion fire extinguishing when the fire further expands, thereby having flexible and intelligent hierarchical thermal runaway management measures.
In the invention, the positioning module comprises a data acquisition and calculation unit, a position positioning network unit based on a machine learning algorithm and a battery pack positioning unit;
referring to fig. 3, the method for positioning the battery pack Pij having thermal runaway by the positioning module in step S2-3 is as follows:
s2-3-1, wherein the height positions of the bottom suction type fire detectors Gd in all the detector groups are the same, the height positions of the top suction type fire detectors Gu in all the detector groups are the same, the two suction type fire detectors in the detector groups Gi are respectively marked as Gui and Gdi, gui is positioned at the top of the battery compartment Pi, and Gdi is positioned at the lower part of the battery compartment Pi;
the data acquisition and calculation unit acquires the temperature Tui acquired by the air suction type fire detector guil, the combustible gas concentration Cui, the temperature Tdi acquired by the air suction type fire detector Gdi and the combustible gas concentration Cdi, and calculates a temperature difference value delta Ti and a combustible gas concentration difference value delta Ci, wherein delta Ti= Tui-Tdi, and delta Ci=Cui-Cdi;
s2-3-2, analyzing the position positioning network unit according to the values of Tui, tdi, delta Ti, cui, cdi and delta Ti by a machine learning algorithm to obtain a thermal runaway height position H;
s2-3-3, the battery pack positioning unit calculates the value of the height position number j of the battery pack with thermal runaway through the following formula, so that the battery pack Pij is positioned:
；
wherein, the position of the upper end of the suction fire detector Gd at the bottom is taken as a zero plane (zero plane is an X-axis plane, and the height direction is a Y-axis direction) of the height position, d is the distance between the zero plane and the bottom surface of the battery pack Pi1 at the bottommost part, h is the height dimension of each battery pack, the center position of the battery pack in the height direction is taken as the height position coordinate of the battery pack,for a rounding-off function to large, e.g.>。
Wherein whenWhen the result is an integer, judging the battery PACKs Pij and Pi (j-1) as battery PACKs with thermal runaway, and performing PACK level fire extinguishment; otherwise, judging the battery PACK Pij to be out of control, and performing PACK-level fire extinguishment on the battery PACK Pij.
For example, the number of the cells to be processed,time (integer),>at the moment, judging the 4 th battery pack and the 5 th battery pack from bottom to topA thermal runaway battery pack; because of->When the result of (a) is an integer, the height position H is just between two battery packs, so that the battery packs above and below the height position H are both judged to be battery packs with thermal runaway, and the safety of thermal runaway management can be improved;
referring to fig. 4, in the present invention, the position location network model unit is constructed by the following method:
s2-3-2-1, collecting training data:
adopting a simulation package with the same size as the battery package to collect data, wherein the simulation package has a temperature control function and a gas release function and is used for providing combustible gas with required temperature and concentration;
in a battery compartment, a battery pack is replaced with an analog pack, and data is collected as follows:
releasing the simulated package by a set volume V B And temperature T B The height H of the analog package at this time is recorded B Temperature value Td acquired by air suction type fire detector Gd B And a combustible gas concentration value Cd B Temperature value Tu acquired by air suction type fire detector Gu B And a combustible gas concentration value Cu B And calculate the temperature difference DeltaT B And the difference delta C of the concentration of the combustible gas B ，ΔT B =Tu B -Td B ，ΔC B =Cu B -Cd B Will H B 、Td B 、Tu B 、Cd B 、Cu B 、ΔT B 、ΔC B Combining the two data into one test data r;
acquiring analog package at current height H B At a different volume V B And temperature T B A plurality of test data r are combined to obtain the current height position H B A test dataset R thereon; before each test data r is acquired, ventilation treatment is carried out on the battery compartment;
s2-3-2-2, replacing the analog package with the battery package at each height position in sequence according to the following stepsThe method of step S2-3-2-1 above acquires the test dataset R at each elevation position j J=1, 2, M; finally, combining all the test data sets R to construct a training data set;
s2-3-2-3, inputting training dataset R into machine learning based network model, td B 、Tu B 、Cd B 、Cu B 、ΔT B 、ΔC B For input, the height position H of the corresponding analog package B Training the target output to finally obtain the position location network model unit.
The air suction type fire detector can collect fire information such as temperature, various gas concentrations and the like, is high in sensitivity, and can effectively improve the sensitivity of fire early warning. The air suction type fire detector is used for actively sucking and detecting the gas in the area when in operation.
In the invention, an air suction type fire detector is respectively arranged at the top and the bottom in each battery compartment, all battery packs in each battery compartment are positioned between the two air suction type fire detectors, a battery pack fire point (namely a thermal runaway position) is always positioned between the two air suction type fire detectors, when the battery packs are in fire, data detected by the two air suction type fire detectors are usually distinguished at the same time, and the main influencing factor of the distinction is the position of the battery pack fire point. Therefore, according to the principle, when different fire positions are analyzed through a machine learning algorithm, the difference condition of the data detected by the two air suction type fire detectors is analyzed and learned through a large amount of data, so that the relation between the data condition detected by the two air suction type fire detectors and the fire position can be obtained through the analysis of the position positioning network unit based on the machine learning algorithm, and finally, the high-precision positioning of the fire position can be realized through the analysis of the data detected by the two air suction type fire detectors through the position positioning network unit. It should be understood that the relationship between the data conditions detected by the two air-breathing fire detectors and the fire height position is not a conventional linear relationship or a functional relationship, but the position location network unit based on the machine learning algorithm can obtain the relationship through analysis of a large amount of data, and the result will be more accurate along with the increase of the data amount.
It can be appreciated that in the conventional technology, each battery pack is configured with a detector to perform one-to-one detection, and the battery pack capable of being directly positioned to a fire point when the fire occurs has high accuracy, but the problem caused by the battery pack is that: the number of detectors is large, the cost is increased significantly, and particularly for a relatively high unit price of the air suction type fire detector, the cost is increased more, and the installation arrangement of the detectors is relatively complex.
The invention can overcome the problems, in the invention, the positioning of a plurality of battery PACKs in 1 battery bin when fire occurs can be realized by using the position positioning network model unit based on a machine learning algorithm under the condition of adopting only two air suction type fire detectors, and the quantity of the air suction type fire detectors can be greatly reduced under the condition of realizing PACK-level positioning of the battery PACKs, thereby greatly reducing the cost and the complexity of installation and arrangement of the air suction type fire detectors.
In a preferred embodiment, wherein Tz3-10 < T B < Tz3+20 (in ℃), the temperature T of the combustible gas released by the packet is simulated when training data are acquired B Several values may be selected within the above ranges.
In a preferred embodiment, the volume V of combustible gas released by the simulated package is measured at the time of acquisition of training data B Several values may be selected as if the following conditions are met: the concentration of the combustible gas detected by the two suction type fire detectors is between 0.5 to 2 Cz3.
In a preferred embodiment, wherein Tz 1=60 to 75 ℃, tz 2=76 to 85 ℃, and Tz 3=88 to 93 ℃. In a further preferred embodiment, tz1=70 ℃, tz2=85 ℃, and tz3=90℃.
In a preferred embodiment, the combustible gas comprises CO, H 2 One or more of VOC;
for combustible gas CO, its corresponding concentration threshold is: cz1=150 to 200ppm, cz2=260 to 380ppm, cz3=450 to 650ppm; in a further preferred embodiment, specifically cz1=160 ppm, cz2=280 ppm, cz3=500 ppm;
for combustible gas H 2 The corresponding concentration threshold is: cz1=200 to 300ppm, cz2=850 to 1200ppm, cz3=1500 to 2500ppm; in a further preferred embodiment, specifically cz1=260 ppm, cz2=1000 ppm, cz3=2000 ppm;
for combustible gas VOCs, their corresponding concentration thresholds are: cz1=100 to 250ppm, cz2=800 to 1100ppm, cz3=1200 to 2400ppm; in a further preferred embodiment, specific are: cz1=150 ppm, cz2=1000 ppm, cz3=2000 ppm.
Wherein the combustible gas selected for detection can be CO or H 2 One of VOC and CO and H can be used 2 And a plurality of VOCs. When it is CO, H 2 In the case of a plurality of VOCs, when the concentration threshold value is determined, it is necessary that each of the combustible gases satisfies a corresponding condition. In a further preferred embodiment, the combustible gas selected is CO or H 2 In a further preferred embodiment, the combustible gas selected is CO.
In a preferred embodiment, N is 2 to 50 and m is 4 to 20, and may be specifically selected according to the size and storage capacity of the container, and the size and storage capacity of the individual battery pack. In a further preferred embodiment, N is 10 to 35 and M is 8 to 18.
In a preferred embodiment, 1-4 nozzles are included in each nozzle unit, the nozzles being disposed at the sides of the battery pack. In a further preferred embodiment, each nozzle unit includes 2 nozzles disposed at both front and rear sides of the battery pack, respectively, but when thermal runaway occurs, fire extinguishing agent is sprayed to the battery pack from both front and rear sides, thereby achieving an efficient thermal runaway suppressing effect.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the use of the description and embodiments, it is well suited to various fields of use for the invention, and further modifications may be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and accordingly, the invention is not limited to the particular details without departing from the general concepts defined in the claims and the equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. Container energy storage system based on intelligent fire control management function, characterized by, include:
an energy storage tank;
the N battery bins are arranged in the energy storage box body;
the N battery clusters are arranged in the battery bins in a one-to-one correspondence manner, each battery cluster comprises M battery packs stacked in the vertical direction, and N, M is larger than 1;
the fire control mechanism comprises a control host, and a fire detection device, a fire extinguishing device, an audible and visual alarm device and an active exhaust device which are all in communication connection with the control host, wherein the fire detection device comprises N detector groups which are arranged in the battery bin in a one-to-one correspondence manner, each detector group comprises two air suction type fire detectors which are respectively arranged at the bottom and the top of the battery bin, and the air suction type fire detectors at least realize detection of temperature and combustible gas concentration;
the fire extinguishing device comprises a fire extinguishing host, a conveying pipeline connected with the fire extinguishing host and nozzle units arranged in the battery bin and connected with the tail end of the conveying pipeline, wherein the periphery of each battery pack is correspondingly provided with 1 nozzle unit for spraying fire extinguishing agent to the battery pack, a nozzle control valve in communication connection with the control host is arranged between each nozzle unit and the conveying pipeline, and each nozzle control valve correspondingly controls the on-off of 1 nozzle unit;
the active air exhaust device comprises an air exhaust port arranged on the energy storage box body, an air exhaust fan arranged on the air exhaust port, an air exhaust main pipe connected to the air exhaust port, an air return port arranged on the energy storage box body, a sub air exhaust port arranged on the battery compartment and N air exhaust branch pipes used for communicating the sub air exhaust port of each battery compartment to the air exhaust main pipe, and an air exhaust control valve in communication connection with the control main machine is arranged on each air exhaust branch pipe;
the fire control mechanism carries out intelligent fire control management on the system, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
s1, numbering all battery bins in sequence as 1,2, N, i represents a battery compartment number, i=1, 2,. -%, N; the battery packs in the battery clusters in each battery compartment are numbered 1,2 sequentially from bottom to top, M, j represents the height position numbers of the battery packs, j=1, 2, M; pij represents the jth battery pack in the ith battery compartment;
the nozzle units in each battery compartment are numbered 1,2 sequentially from bottom to top, wherein M, qij represents the j-th nozzle unit in the i-th battery compartment, and Qij is the nozzle unit corresponding to the battery pack Pij;
the N detector groups respectively detect the temperature T and the combustible gas concentration C of the N battery bins, and the control host acquires the detection result of each air suction type fire detector in the N detector groups in real time;
s2, when the temperature Ti and/or the combustible gas concentration Ci detected by any one of the air-breathing type fire detectors are abnormal, the control host locates the detector group Gi to which the air-breathing type fire detector belongs and the battery compartment Pi where the air-breathing type fire detector is located, and the control host implements the following fire control management strategy according to the values of the temperature Ti and the combustible gas concentration Ci:
s2-1, when Ti is more than or equal to Tz1 and less than Tz2 or Cz1 is more than or equal to Ci and less than Cz2, and the duration exceeds 5-30S: the method comprises the steps that an exhaust control valve corresponding to a battery compartment Pi is controlled to be opened, the active exhaust device ventilates the battery compartment Pi, and the audible and visual alarm device sends out alarm information that the battery compartment Pi is abnormal and reminds to stop, check and maintenance, and the step S1 is returned after the stop, check and maintenance are completed manually;
s2-2, when Ti is more than or equal to Tz2 and less than Tz3 or Cz2 is more than or equal to Ci and less than Cz3, and the duration exceeds 5-20S: the connection between the battery bin Pi and the main power supply of the container energy storage system is controlled to be disconnected, an exhaust control valve corresponding to the battery bin Pi is controlled to be opened, the active exhaust device ventilates the battery bin Pi, the audible and visual alarm device sends out alarm information that the battery bin Pi has thermal runaway risk, shutdown checking and maintenance are forced to be carried out, the battery bin Pi is controlled to be connected to the main power supply of the container energy storage system after the shutdown checking and maintenance are completed manually, and S1 is returned;
s2-3, when Ti is more than or equal to Tz3 or Ci is more than or equal to Cz3 and the duration exceeds 2-10S: the connection between the battery compartment Pi and a main power supply of the container energy storage system is controlled to be disconnected, the audible and visual alarm device sends out alarm information that the battery compartment Pi is out of control, and the active air exhaust device closes ventilation to the battery compartment Pi; the positioning module in the control host analyzes a battery PACK Pij with thermal runaway in a battery compartment Pi according to detection results of two air suction type fire detectors in a detector group Gi, controls a nozzle control valve of a nozzle unit Qiaj corresponding to the battery PACK Pij to be opened, sprays fire extinguishing agent to the battery PACK Pij, and carries out PACK-level fire extinguishment;
when Ti and Ci are not reduced to the allowable range after 1-5 min, controlling the fire extinguishing device to spray fire extinguishing agent to all battery packs in the battery compartment Pi for cluster-level fire extinguishing;
wherein, tz1, tz2 and Tz3 are preset temperature thresholds, and Tz1 is smaller than Tz2 and smaller than Tz3; cz1, cz2 and Cz3 are preset combustible gas concentration thresholds, and Cz1 is smaller than Cz2 and smaller than Cz3;
the positioning module comprises a data acquisition and calculation unit, a position positioning network unit based on a machine learning algorithm and a battery pack positioning unit;
the method for positioning the battery pack Pij with thermal runaway by the positioning module in the step S2-3 comprises the following steps:
s2-3-1, wherein the height positions of the bottom suction type fire detectors Gd in all the detector groups are the same, the height positions of the top suction type fire detectors Gu in all the detector groups are the same, the two suction type fire detectors in the detector groups Gi are respectively marked as Gui and Gdi, gui is positioned at the top of the battery compartment Pi, and Gdi is positioned at the lower part of the battery compartment Pi;
the data acquisition and calculation unit acquires the temperature Tui acquired by the air suction type fire detector guil, the combustible gas concentration Cui, the temperature Tdi acquired by the air suction type fire detector Gdi and the combustible gas concentration Cdi, and calculates a temperature difference value delta Ti and a combustible gas concentration difference value delta Ci, wherein delta Ti= Tui-Tdi, and delta Ci=cui-Cdi;
s2-3-2, analyzing the position positioning network unit according to the values of Tui, tdi, delta Ti, cui, cdi and delta Ti by a machine learning algorithm to obtain a height position H of thermal runaway;
s2-3-3, the battery pack positioning unit calculates the value of the height position number j of the battery pack with thermal runaway through the following formula, so that the battery pack Pij is positioned:
；
wherein, the position of the upper end of the suction fire detector Gd at the bottom is taken as a zero plane of the height position, d is the distance between the zero plane and the bottom surface of the battery pack Pi1 at the bottommost, h is the height dimension of each battery pack, the center position of the battery pack in the height direction is taken as the height position coordinate of the battery pack,to round up the function.
2. The intelligent fire management function based container energy storage system of claim 1, wherein whenWhen the result is an integer, judging the battery PACKs Pij and Pi (j-1) as battery PACKs with thermal runaway, and performing PACK level fire extinguishment; otherwise, judging the battery PACK Pij to be out of control, and performing PACK-level fire extinguishment on the battery PACK Pij.
3. The container energy storage system based on the intelligent fire control management function according to claim 1, wherein the position location network model unit is constructed by the following method;
s2-3-2-1, collecting training data:
adopting a simulation package with the same size as the battery package to collect data, wherein the simulation package has a temperature control function and a gas release function and is used for providing combustible gas with required temperature and concentration;
in a battery compartment, a battery pack is replaced with an analog pack, and data is collected as follows:
releasing the simulation packagePut the set volume V B And temperature T B The height H of the analog package at this time is recorded B Temperature value Td acquired by air suction type fire detector Gd B And a combustible gas concentration value Cd B Temperature value Tu acquired by air suction type fire detector Gu B And a combustible gas concentration value Cu B And calculate the temperature difference DeltaT B And the difference delta C of the concentration of the combustible gas B ，ΔT B =Tu B -Td B ，ΔC B =Cu B -Cd B Will H B 、Td B 、Tu B 、Cd B 、Cu B 、ΔT B 、ΔC B Combining the two data into one test data r;
acquiring analog package at current height H B At a different volume V B And temperature T B A plurality of test data r are combined to obtain the current height position H B A test dataset R thereon; before each test data r is acquired, ventilation treatment is carried out on the battery compartment;
s2-3-2-2, replacing the analog package with the battery package at each height position in turn, and acquiring the test data set R at each height position according to the method of the step S2-3-2-1 j J=1, 2, M; finally, combining all the test data sets R to construct a training data set;
s2-3-2-3, inputting training dataset R into machine learning based network model, td B 、Tu B 、Cd B 、Cu B 、ΔT B 、ΔC B For input, the height position H of the corresponding analog package B Training the target output to finally obtain the position positioning network model unit.
4. The intelligent fire management function based container energy storage system of claim 3, wherein Tz3-10 < T B ＜Tz3+20。
5. The intelligent fire management function-based container energy storage system of claim 3, wherein Tz1 = 60-75 ℃, tz2 = 76-85 ℃, and Tz3 = 88-93 ℃;
the combustible gas comprises CO and H 2 One or more of VOC;
for combustible gas CO, its corresponding concentration threshold is: cz1=150 to 200ppm, cz2=260 to 380ppm, cz3=450 to 650ppm;
for combustible gas H 2 The corresponding concentration threshold is: cz1=200 to 300ppm, cz2=850 to 1200ppm, cz3=1500 to 2500ppm;
for combustible gas VOCs, their corresponding concentration thresholds are: cz1=100 to 250ppm, cz2=800 to 1100ppm, cz3=1200 to 2400ppm.
6. The intelligent fire management function based container energy storage system of any of claims 1-5, wherein N is 2-50 and m is 4-20.
7. The intelligent fire management function based container energy storage system of any of claims 1-5, wherein each of the nozzle units includes 1-4 nozzles therein, the nozzles being disposed on a side of a battery pack.
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