CN116375484B - 一种轻质高强层状耐火材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种轻质高强层状耐火材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN116375484B
CN116375484B CN202310143491.4A CN202310143491A CN116375484B CN 116375484 B CN116375484 B CN 116375484B CN 202310143491 A CN202310143491 A CN 202310143491A CN 116375484 B CN116375484 B CN 116375484B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
refractory material
preparation
strength
layer slurry
polyglutamic acid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202310143491.4A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN116375484A (zh
Inventor
马成良
李祥
李斯
陶梦雅
杨露君
孔源
康佳良
刘源
田世帅
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhengzhou University
Original Assignee
Zhengzhou University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhengzhou University filed Critical Zhengzhou University
Priority to CN202310143491.4A priority Critical patent/CN116375484B/zh
Publication of CN116375484A publication Critical patent/CN116375484A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN116375484B publication Critical patent/CN116375484B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/03—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/14—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silica
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
    • C04B35/18—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
    • C04B35/185—Mullite 3Al2O3-2SiO2
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/44—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminates
    • C04B35/443—Magnesium aluminate spinel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
    • C04B38/0615—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances the burned-out substance being a monolitic element having approximately the same dimensions as the final article, e.g. a porous polyurethane sheet or a prepreg obtained by bonding together resin particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
    • C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
    • C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
    • C04B38/0675—Vegetable refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. wood chips, cork, peat, paper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
    • C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
    • C04B38/068—Carbonaceous materials, e.g. coal, carbon, graphite, hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/08—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding porous substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/10—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by using foaming agents or by using mechanical means, e.g. adding preformed foam
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
    • C04B2235/602—Making the green bodies or pre-forms by moulding
    • C04B2235/6023—Gel casting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
    • C04B2235/9607—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal expansion coefficient
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种轻质高强层状耐火材料及其制备方法，属于耐火材料技术领域。该耐火材料由若干层不同气孔率和不同厚度的薄层单元组成，所述薄层单元为致密层、气孔层中的一种或两种。该耐火材料的制备方法包括致密层料浆的制备、气孔层料浆的制备、按照耐火材料的结构组成逐层浇注，待凝胶化反应完成，将坯体干燥后烧结得到轻质高强层状耐火材料。本发明耐火材料采用凝胶浇注技术制备，操作简单高效，可实现特定需求的层状耐火材料的大规模生产，便于推广应用。同时本发明制备的耐火材料的密度为0.32‑1.23 g/cm2，强度为10‑87 MPa，作为工业窑炉隔热衬与工作衬一体化复合耐火材料。

Description

一种轻质高强层状耐火材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明公开了一种轻质高强层状耐火材料及其制备方法，属于耐火材料技术领域。
背景技术
在当前“碳达峰、碳中和”目标的引领下，各地政府各部门日益关注单位产出的能源消耗水平与单位产出的碳排放，其中工业能源消费与碳排放的比重最大。高温工业的技术进步与节能减排也越来越受到重视。其中工业窑炉是高温工业领域主要耗能设备，每年消耗巨大的能源。尤其在冶金、建材、陶瓷、玻璃、化工及机电企业的热加工工程中，工业窑炉的能耗可占总能耗的40%~70%。然而各种工业窑炉的热损失一般都很大，在大多数情况下，其能源利用率不到 30%。针对工业窑炉的节能最重要措施是选择更优质和保温性能更好的材料，能够显著减少窑体热量向外散失，保证窑内温度和气氛的稳定，提升高温工业热工设备热效率，减少能耗。
在传统常用的隔热材料中目前还普遍存在着导热系数偏高，纤维类隔热材料易粉化和收缩等问题，隔热性能需进一步提高。为突破传统隔热材料的瓶颈，实现普遍应用及传统隔热材料升级换代，开发一种新型隔热衬与工作衬一体化，各层单元功能各异性，同时具有较低的热导率，好的体积稳定性及抗热震性等优点的多层状耐火材料尤显重要。
申请号2019100296056公开了一种层状刚玉-尖晶石耐火材料的制备方法，采用液态陶瓷先驱体聚氮硅烷为骨架材料，仲丁醇铝为掺杂Al源，以二乙烯甲苯增加碳碳双键数量，以环己烷为溶剂制备SiAlCN陶瓷前驱体；将SiAlCN陶瓷前驱体、复合结合剂和Ni(NO3)2·6H2O与Al2O3粉体混合得到混合料，混合料冷压成型制得氧化铝坯体；采用流延成型制备尖晶石薄坯；然后采用热压叠层，将尖晶石薄坯与氧化铝坯体交替叠层制备多层刚玉-尖晶石坯体，该方法制备层状耐火材料操作较为复杂，有机试剂较多，且无法实现新型隔热衬与工作衬一体化。
发明内容
为突破传统隔热材料的瓶颈，实现普遍应用及传统隔热材料升级换代，本发明以改变材料传统结构，实现所占体积更小，节能隔热性能更好的层状耐火材料为研究目标，提供一种轻质高强层状耐火材料及其制备方法，制备的耐火材料是一种具有较低的热导率和膨胀系数、好的体积稳定性及抗热震性等众多优点的多层状隔热材料。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：
一种轻质高强层状耐火材料，该耐火材料由若干层不同气孔率和不同厚度的薄层单元组成，所述薄层单元为致密层、气孔层中的一种或两种。例如，该耐火材料可以由若干层不同的气孔层叠合组成，也可以由不同种类的致密层叠合组成，还可以由不同种类的致密层与气孔层交叉组成。
进一步，所述气孔层的气孔率为20-90%。
进一步，所述薄层单元的厚度为1-30 mm，耐火材料的厚度为20-60 mm。
一种轻质高强层状耐火材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一，致密层料浆的制备
以氨基酸类衍生物、多糖类及其衍生物中的一种或多种作为凝胶体系，溶解于水中，加入隔热耐高温粉体，制备致密层料浆；
步骤二，气孔层料浆的制备
以氨基酸类衍生物、多糖类及其衍生物中的一种或多种作为凝胶体系，溶解于水中，加入隔热耐高温粉体，再加入添加剂，制备气孔层料浆，其中，添加剂为造孔剂、发泡剂、模板、乳化剂中的一种；
步骤三，按照耐火材料的结构组成逐层浇注，待凝胶化反应完成，将坯体放入60-120℃的干燥箱内干燥4-24小时，然后以升温速率3~5℃/min升至800~1500℃烧结1~4 h得到轻质高强层状耐火材料。
进一步，所述隔热耐高温粉体为硅石、莫来石、刚玉、黏土、镁铝尖晶石、白云石的一种或多种。
进一步，所述氨基酸类衍生物为聚天冬氨酸、聚赖氨酸、聚谷氨酸中的一种。
进一步，所述多糖类及其衍生物为蔗糖、琼脂糖、葡糖糖中的一种。
进一步，所述造孔剂为煤灰粉空心球、淀粉、木屑、石墨中的一种；所述发泡剂为十二烷基硫酸钠、季铵盐、偶氮二异丁腈、有机过氧化物中的一种；所述模板为海绵、丝瓜瓤、木材中的一种，厚度为1-30mm；所述乳化剂为硬脂酸酯、 1,4-聚二甲基硅氧烷、甘油油酸酯中的一种。
进一步，所述步骤一中，致密层料浆中凝胶体系:水:隔热耐高温粉体的质量比为1-5:10-20:75-89。
进一步，所述步骤二中，气孔层料浆中凝胶体系:水:隔热耐高温粉体:添加剂的质量比为1-5:10-20:50-88:1-25。
进一步，所述制备方法制备的耐火材料的密度为0.32-1.23 g/cm2，强度为10-87MPa，作为工业窑炉隔热衬与工作衬一体化复合耐火材料。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果为：
1、本发明根据凝胶浇注体系发生原位聚合并固结陶瓷粉体的原理，不仅可以获得高强度及可控气孔率的陶瓷坯体;同时在各薄层单元发生聚合之后且完全干燥之前的时间范围内进行层层叠和，实现轻质高强层状耐火材料的制备。
2、本发明的轻质高强层状耐火材料，可实现工业窑炉隔热衬与工作衬一体化，兼具较低的热导率，好的体积稳定性及抗热震性等优点。
3、本发明采用凝胶浇注技术制备，操作简单高效，可实现特定需求的层状耐火材料的大规模生产，便于推广应用。
附图说明
图1为本发明轻质高强层状耐火材料的结构示意图；
图2为本发明轻质高强层状耐火材料的SEM图。
实施方式
下面结合附图和具体的实施例对本发明的技术方案及效果做进一步描述，但本发明的保护范围并不限于此。
实施例
本实施例的耐火材料的结构由四层3 mm的致密层和四层10 mm的气孔层相互交错组成。
本实施例的轻质高强层状耐火材料的制备方法为：
步骤一，致密层料浆的制备
以聚谷氨酸为凝胶体系，溶解于水中，加入刚玉，其质量比为1:10:89，制备致密层料浆；
步骤二，气孔层料浆的制备
以聚谷氨酸为凝胶体系，溶解于水中，加入刚玉，再加入煤灰粉空心球为造孔剂，其质量比为2:10:63:25，制备气孔层料浆，气孔率为67%；
步骤三，将致密层料浆浇注至模具内，厚度为3 mm，待凝胶化后浇注气孔层料浆，厚度为10 mm；重复该浇注流程4次，得到总厚度为52 mm的坯体。
待坯体凝胶化后，放入60℃的干燥箱内进行干燥12小时，然后以升温速率5℃/min升至1000℃烧结2 h，得到气孔率为55%的样品，整体密度为1.08 g/cm2，垂直于叠层方向强度为27 MPa，导热系数0.481 W/m·k，热膨胀系数为5.3×10-6 ℃，热震后抗折强度保持率为68.7%；平行于叠层方向强度为82 MPa，导热系数0.825 W/m·k，热膨胀系数为4.5×10-6 ℃，热震后抗折强度保持率为80.6%。
实施例
本实施例的耐火材料的结构由三层7 mm的致密层和二层10 mm的气孔层相互交错组成。
本实施例的轻质高强层状耐火材料的制备方法为：
步骤一，致密层料浆的制备
以聚谷氨酸为凝胶体系，溶解于水中，加入刚玉，其质量比为2:15:83，制备致密层料浆；
步骤二，气孔层料浆的制备
以琼脂糖为凝胶体系，溶解于水中，加入莫来石，再加入十二烷基硫酸钠发泡剂，其质量比为1:10:87:2，制备气孔层料浆，气孔率为85%；
步骤三，将致密层料浆浇注至模具内，厚度为7 mm，待凝胶化后浇注气孔层料浆，厚度为10 mm；重复该浇注流程2次，然后将致密层料浆浇注至模具内，厚度为7 mm，得到总厚度为41 mm的坯体。
待坯体凝胶化后，放入70℃的干燥箱内进行干燥6小时，然后以升温速率5℃/min升至1300℃烧结1 h，得到气孔率为73%的样品，整体密度为0.53 g/cm2，垂直于叠层方向强度为15 MPa，导热系数0.357 W/m·k，热膨胀系数为5.0×10-6 ℃，热震后抗折强度保持率为70.2%；平行于叠层方向强度为63 MPa，导热系数0.682 W/m·k，热膨胀系数为5.3×10-6℃，热震后抗折强度保持率为65.3%。
实施例
本实施例的耐火材料的结构由10 mm的气孔层和20 mm的海绵气孔层组成。
本实施例的轻质高强层状耐火材料的制备方法为：
步骤一，气孔层料浆的制备
以蔗糖为凝胶体系，溶解于水中，加入镁铝尖晶石，再加入淀粉为造孔剂，其质量比为1:15:64:20，制备气孔层料浆，气孔率为52%；
以琼脂糖为凝胶体系，溶解于水中，加入莫来石，其质量比为5:20:75，充分混合后将20 mm厚的海绵完全浸入，气孔率为88%；
步骤二，将气孔层料浆浇注至模具内，厚度为10 mm，待凝胶化后放入浸有料浆的海绵，得到总厚度为30 mm的坯体。
待坯体凝胶化后，放入100℃的干燥箱内进行干燥6小时，然后以升温速率3℃/min升至900℃烧结4 h，得到气孔率为80%的样品，整体密度为0.32 g/cm2，垂直于叠层方向强度为12 MPa，导热系数0.181 W/m·k，热膨胀系数为11×10-6 ℃，热震后抗折强度保持率为58.3%；平行于叠层方向强度为19 MPa，导热系数0.425 W/m·k，热膨胀系数为10×10-6 ℃，热震后抗折强度保持率为62.8%。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明专利的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (1)

1.一种用于高温工业领域中工业窑炉隔热衬与工作衬一体化的轻质高强层状耐火材料，其特征在于，该耐火材料的整体密度为1.08 g/cm2，垂直于叠层方向强度为27 MPa，导热系数0.481 W/m·k，热膨胀系数为5.3×10-6 ℃，热震后抗折强度保持率为68.7%；平行于叠层方向强度为82 MPa，导热系数0.825 W/m·k，热膨胀系数为4.5×10-6 ℃，热震后抗折强度保持率为80.6%；
所述轻质高强层状耐火材料的制备方法为：
步骤一，致密层料浆的制备
以聚谷氨酸为凝胶体系，溶解于水中，加入刚玉，其质量比为1:10:89，制备致密层料浆；
步骤二，气孔层料浆的制备
以聚谷氨酸为凝胶体系，溶解于水中，加入刚玉，再加入煤灰粉空心球为造孔剂，其质量比为2:10:63:25，制备气孔层料浆，气孔率为67%；
步骤三，将致密层料浆浇注至模具内，厚度为3 mm，待凝胶化后浇注气孔层料浆，厚度为10 mm；重复该浇注流程4次，得到总厚度为52 mm的坯体；
待坯体凝胶化后，放入60℃的干燥箱内进行干燥12小时，然后以升温速率5℃/min升至1000℃烧结2 h，得到气孔率为55%的样品。
CN202310143491.4A 2023-02-21 2023-02-21 一种轻质高强层状耐火材料及其制备方法 Active CN116375484B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310143491.4A CN116375484B (zh) 2023-02-21 2023-02-21 一种轻质高强层状耐火材料及其制备方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310143491.4A CN116375484B (zh) 2023-02-21 2023-02-21 一种轻质高强层状耐火材料及其制备方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116375484A CN116375484A (zh) 2023-07-04
CN116375484B true CN116375484B (zh) 2024-12-31

Family

ID=86966373

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202310143491.4A Active CN116375484B (zh) 2023-02-21 2023-02-21 一种轻质高强层状耐火材料及其制备方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116375484B (zh)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117510226A (zh) * 2023-09-22 2024-02-06 三峡大学 一种基于磷石膏的钙长石质隔热保温材料及其制备方法
CN118993714B (zh) * 2024-08-07 2025-10-21 湖北省中耐新材科技有限公司 一种微孔低导热复合硅砖及其制备方法
CN119285328A (zh) * 2024-10-31 2025-01-10 港泰耐火材料(江苏)有限公司 一种gmk低导热、高强度轻质隔热砖的制备方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5350609A (en) * 1991-01-17 1994-09-27 Vesuvius Crucible Company Insulating monolithic refractory material, manufacturing process and article according to the process
JP2003002757A (ja) * 2001-06-15 2003-01-08 Kurabo Ind Ltd 断熱ライニング部材
CN109111231A (zh) * 2018-07-24 2019-01-01 浙江立泰复合材料股份有限公司 一种碳化硼/碳化硅层状复合陶瓷材料的制备方法

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS633949A (ja) * 1986-06-24 1988-01-08 三菱マテリアル株式会社 セラミツクス製耐火部材
US5834108A (en) * 1992-12-29 1998-11-10 Toshiba Ceramics Co., Ltd. Multi-layered ceramic porous body
US5681499A (en) * 1994-06-15 1997-10-28 Vesuvius Crucible Company Method and compositions for making refractory shapes having dense, carbon free surfaces and shapes made therefrom
US6171990B1 (en) * 1995-11-16 2001-01-09 Vgt Industriekeramik Gmbh Large-format fireclay refractory brick, in particular bottom block for a tin bath
NL1003755C2 (nl) * 1996-08-07 1998-02-12 Stichting Energie Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een sinterplaat/substraat alsmede substraat toe te passen bij het verhitten van keramische produkten.
JP6078885B2 (ja) * 2013-04-02 2017-02-15 日本碍子株式会社 複合耐火物および複合耐火物の製造方法
KR20160064804A (ko) * 2014-11-28 2016-06-08 국방과학연구소 다공질 세라믹스 소재 및 그 제조방법
CN105198460A (zh) * 2015-10-10 2015-12-30 无锡兴达节能科技股份有限公司 高炉用致密粘土砖
KR20160076499A (ko) * 2016-06-10 2016-06-30 한국기계연구원 이중층 기공 구조를 갖는 다공성 세라믹 및 그 제조 방법
CN106220224B (zh) * 2016-07-08 2020-09-22 南京维能窑炉科技有限公司 一种具有双重孔结构的耐高温轻质绝热材料及其制备方法
CN111205089B (zh) * 2020-01-18 2022-05-06 江西赛瓷材料有限公司 一种高透波绿色氧化锆陶瓷及其制备方法和制得的产品
CN212802232U (zh) * 2020-07-04 2021-03-26 郑州金河源耐火材料有限公司 一种轻质隔热耐火砖
CN112297532B (zh) * 2020-09-18 2023-07-21 郑州大学 一种仿生层状隔热材料

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5350609A (en) * 1991-01-17 1994-09-27 Vesuvius Crucible Company Insulating monolithic refractory material, manufacturing process and article according to the process
JP2003002757A (ja) * 2001-06-15 2003-01-08 Kurabo Ind Ltd 断熱ライニング部材
CN109111231A (zh) * 2018-07-24 2019-01-01 浙江立泰复合材料股份有限公司 一种碳化硼/碳化硅层状复合陶瓷材料的制备方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
The preparation and properties of high-strength porous mullite ceramics by a novel non-toxic gelcasting process;Xiang Li等;Journal of the European Ceramic Society;20220620;第6015-6024页 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN116375484A (zh) 2023-07-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN116375484B (zh) 一种轻质高强层状耐火材料及其制备方法
CN110713377B (zh) 一种利用石棉尾矿制备CaO-MgO-SiO2系泡沫陶瓷的方法
CN102807391A (zh) 多孔碳化硅陶瓷的制备方法
CN104446625A (zh) 一种高孔隙率多孔陶瓷及其制备方法
CN108383391A (zh) 表面韧化的氧化铝纤维刚性隔热瓦多层复合材料、涂层组合物、制备方法及其应用
CN104973869B (zh) 莫来石轻质隔热耐火砖及其生产方法
CN105130468A (zh) 一种耐火保温材料及其制备方法
CN103833383A (zh) 一种闭孔结构的刚玉-镁铝尖晶石质耐火骨料及制备方法
CN101148343A (zh) 新型梯度复合保温层及其制造方法
CN110818442A (zh) 一种以石棉尾矿为原料的CaO-MgO-SiO2系泡沫陶瓷
CN106478077A (zh) 一种建筑用多孔保温陶瓷材料及其制备方法
CN101544507A (zh) 泡沫陶瓷材料的制造方法
CN115286353B (zh) 一种储热材料及其制备方法与应用
CN108017397A (zh) 含石英砂的耐火砖及其制备方法
KR102144929B1 (ko) 저온소결 경량 다공세라믹 소결재 제조방법
US20220089488A1 (en) Bionic Laminated Thermal Insulation Material
CN114031382A (zh) 一种高强度、低导热硅藻土轻质隔热砖及其生产方法
CN117287980B (zh) 隔热保温复合砖及其制备方法
CN109437755A (zh) 预制板及其制备方法和应用
CN117362057B (zh) 一种轻质抗裂的隔热保温耐火材料及其制备方法
CN116003158B (zh) 一种利用锂矿渣制备莫来石多孔陶瓷的方法、莫来石多孔陶瓷和应用
CN105622158A (zh) 一种微晶面蜂孔双层再生材料
CN115724652A (zh) 一种氢冶金领域用低密高强钙长石质隔热材料的制备方法
CN105801158A (zh) 一种抗碱蒸汽侵蚀的碳化硅隔热材料的制备方法
CN115073203A (zh) 一种具有良好吊挂功能的泡沫陶瓷墙体材料及其制备方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant