CN116300656A - A substation IoT environment monitoring system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a system for monitoring the environment of an internet of things of a transformer substation and a power substation, which belongs to the technical field of power equipment, and the system comprises a data perception system, a data processing system and a data processing system, wherein the data perception system is used for ascertaining running state data, control data and fault data of auxiliary facilities in the substation, so that real-time and comprehensive perception of data of multi-source heterogeneous equipment is realized; a data transmission system: the cloud processing system is used for connecting the auxiliary facilities in the station and the corresponding sensing equipment, transmitting corresponding data to the upper data cloud processing system and having a reverse receiving and transmitting function, so that the auxiliary facilities in the station can receive remote instructions of the cloud; a data processing system; the invention provides an environment monitoring system for the Internet of things of a transformer substation, which realizes a modern network management mode of centralized monitoring, centralized maintenance and centralized management and improves the safe and stable operation of the whole transformer substation.

Description

A substation IoT environment monitoring system

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electric power equipment, and in particular relates to an Internet of Things environment monitoring system for a substation and distribution station.

Background technique

In recent years, with the in-depth advancement and continuous development of my country's power grid construction, especially in some economically developed areas, the level of intelligence of each node of the power grid is getting higher and higher, from the previous blind inspection to fixed-point fault inspection, from regular inspection to online monitoring Undoubtedly, it does not reflect the intelligence level of the State Grid. As an important part of the power grid, the safe and stable operation of the substation has far-reaching significance for the development of the national economy. However, the daily operation and maintenance of substation auxiliary facilities, such as air conditioners, drainage pumps, dehumidifiers and other equipment in the substation, still continues the manual regular inspection mode, so that when these auxiliary facilities fail, operation and maintenance personnel cannot detect them in time.

In the normal operation of the substation, the power transmission and transformation system plays a vital role. In order to ensure the normal operation of the system, some auxiliary equipment is often installed to provide a good operating environment for the system and monitor the safety of the system. Auxiliary equipment escorts the normal operation of the system, so the operation and maintenance management of auxiliary equipment is also very important.

For the auxiliary facility management business, there is a risk monitoring process to grasp the health status of equipment and business, an operation and maintenance process to maintain and repair equipment, and management of operation and maintenance personnel, business, maintenance providers, safety, assets, and history information management process. These processes are so closely interrelated that it doesn't make sense to run them in isolation.

At present, the operation and maintenance of substation auxiliary facilities is still dominated by traditional manual inspections, and the inspection records are also registered in traditional paper. Just as the frequent headaches of enterprise managers are "serious disconnection of production, supply and sales", the managers of auxiliary facilities The main problem is: "monitoring, operation and maintenance, and management are seriously disconnected", and it has not been able to form an organic whole. There are the following problems:

1. The scale of auxiliary facilities is growing day by day, and the monitoring objects are becoming more and more complex;

2. The operation and maintenance personnel of the equipment operation and maintenance department are affected by the establishment, and there is no or it is difficult to increase;

3. The business relies more and more on auxiliary facilities. Once the auxiliary facilities fail, it will affect the business or directly lead to business interruption;

4. Monitoring is out of touch with operation and maintenance, and it is difficult to quickly and accurately find the root cause after an auxiliary facility has a problem, and find the corresponding personnel to repair and deal with it in a timely manner;

5. The manual operation and maintenance management mode has been overwhelmed;

6. There is a disconnect between operation and maintenance and management. The management of operation and maintenance itself is still in the paper stage, and informationization and standardization have not been realized.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the existing technology and provide a substation Internet of Things environment monitoring system, based on sensor technology and Internet of Things technology, with information integration and sharing as the guiding idea to build the Internet of Things in substations and distribution stations The environmental monitoring platform realizes the modern network management mode of "centralized monitoring, centralized maintenance, and centralized management", and improves the overall safe and stable operation of the substation.

A technical solution to achieve the above purpose is: an Internet of Things environment monitoring system for substations and distribution stations, including:

The data perception system is used to detect the operation status data, control data and fault data of the auxiliary facilities in the station, and realize the real-time and comprehensive perception of the data of multi-source heterogeneous equipment;

Data transmission system: used to connect auxiliary facilities and corresponding sensing equipment in the station, transmit corresponding data to the upper layer data cloud processing system and have reverse receiving and transmission functions, so that auxiliary facilities in the station can receive remote commands from the cloud;

Data processing system: including local data processing system and cloud data processing system, the local data processing system is used to judge the fault of the basic data, and the cloud data processing system is used to analyze, clean, store and analyze the data received from the cloud;

Data visualization system; including mobile phone terminal and/or PC terminal, which is used to provide a visual window for users to remotely control the operation status of equipment.

Further, the data sensing system is provided with a device sensing layer, and the device sensing layer includes multi-connected air conditioners, dehumidifiers, water pump control boxes, sewage well level gauges and roof water immersion sensors.

Further, the data transmission system includes a collection service layer and a data storage layer, the collection service layer is used to collect data from the device perception layer and transmit it to the data storage layer, and the data storage layer includes a real-time database, a historical database, Configuration model database, business storage database, video recording database, picture storage database, configuration drawing database, statistical report database and platform basic database.

Further, the data processing system includes a platform engine layer and a functional application layer; the platform engine layer is used to process and feed back the data in the data storage layer, and the platform engine layer includes a data collection engine, a measuring point configuration engine , an alarm rule engine, a WEB configuration engine, and a query statistics engine; the functional application layer includes a data monitoring system, an equipment collection and analysis system, and an equipment operation and maintenance system.

Further, the data acquisition engine is used for gateway management, data sending and receiving, data forwarding and remote configuration, the measuring point configuration engine is used for device configuration, measuring point configuration and secondary calculation, and the alarm rule engine is used for a single alarm , combined alarm, alarm event and alarm push, the WEB configuration engine is used for configuration editing, data binding, electric rendering and 2D/3D processing, the query statistics engine is used for real-time data, historical data query, task Scheduling and statistical report processing.

Further, the data monitoring is used for equipment online monitoring, configuration visualization display and abnormal alarm processing, and the equipment collection and analysis is used for equipment online statistics, equipment operation statistics, equipment failure analysis, equipment comparative analysis statistics and equipment alarm statistics analysis , the equipment collection and analysis is used for equipment online statistics, equipment operation statistics, equipment failure analysis, equipment comparative analysis statistics and equipment alarm statistics analysis, and the equipment operation and maintenance is used for equipment history, maintenance management, maintenance management, inspection management, Check management and spare parts management.

Further, the data visualization system is a front-end display layer, and the front-end display layer includes a bulletin screen and/or a mobile terminal and/or a PC terminal.

Further, the data of the data perception system adopts the MQTT protocol as the interconnection protocol between the gateway and the cloud system, and the corresponding MQTT server is deployed on the cloud to realize the connection between the gateway and the platform.

Further, the WEB configuration engine realizes 3D restoration of the computer room through configuration editing, data binding, electric rendering and 2D/3D processing, and realizes intuitive monitoring of the computer room in the data visualization system.

Further, the data visualization system has a human-computer interaction function.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are reflected in:

1. In the present invention, comprehensive in-depth monitoring of all auxiliary facilities from the auxiliary facility infrastructure to business applications is realized, and the modern network management mode of "centralized monitoring, centralized maintenance, and centralized management" is realized, and end-to-end management is realized. The monitoring of the operation data of the basic structure obtains the direct operation data of the auxiliary facility business system, and provides first-hand data for troubleshooting, problem discovery, performance diagnosis, capacity expansion and planning.

2. In the present invention, through the data display of risk monitoring, operation management, and information management, the unintuitive data of the auxiliary facility system is changed into intuitive business data, and the operating status of the IT comprehensive management information system is controlled from the macro to the micro. Through comprehensive monitoring, early warning, and alarm mechanisms, potential failures are discovered and eliminated in the bud, passive management is changed into active management, and the efficient and stable operation of the auxiliary facility business system is fully guaranteed, thereby improving the return on investment of auxiliary facility assets.

3. In the present invention, the detection of the operation status data, control data and fault data of auxiliary facilities in the station includes adding corresponding functional sensors (specification and accuracy requirements), equipment data transmission protocol analysis, etc., to realize multi-source heterogeneous equipment data Real-time perception, full coverage perception.

4. In the present invention, through the Internet of Things gateway module, it is connected with auxiliary facilities and sensors in multiple ways (including RS-485, RJ45, CAN bus, etc.), and through 4G, 5G, WIFI, Ethernet, etc. , The data converted into the MQTT protocol is transmitted to the upper-level data cloud processing system; at the same time, through the aforementioned reverse transmission, the device side can receive remote commands from the cloud, thereby realizing a flexible and high-performance "local-cloud" networking mode.

5. In the present invention, the data processing system includes two parts: a local data processing system and a cloud data processing system. The local data processing system performs one-time processing of the perceived data on the device side (including basic data fault determination, change upload data processing, etc.); The cloud data processing system will analyze, clean, store and analyze the perception data that has been uploaded to the cloud in combination with the business logic for secondary processing.

6. In the present invention, a variety of data visualization systems are built in combination with platform usage scenarios, including mobile terminals (such as applets, APPs, etc.) and PC terminals (WEB systems), providing visualization windows for users to remotely control the operating status of equipment.

7. In the present invention, the Modbus protocol is used to realize the communication between the controllers, the controllers via the network (such as Ethernet) and other devices. This protocol supports traditional RS-232, RS-422, RS-485 and Ethernet device. Many industrial devices, including PLC, DCS, smart instruments, etc., are using the Modbus protocol as the communication standard between them. It is standard and open. Users can use the Modbus protocol for free and safely. It can support a variety of electrical interfaces, and the frame format is simple. Compact, easy to understand, easy for users to use, and easy for manufacturers to develop.

In the present invention, the realization and development of 3D modeling on the webpage side, it is also possible to create a three-dimensional 3D computer room in the WEB visualization system to restore the real scene on site, so that the equipment data monitoring is more intuitive.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a system technical circuit diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the application schematic diagram of MQTT server of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the data processing system of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following will be described in detail through specific examples:

See Figures 1 through 3. A substation Internet of things environment monitoring system of the present invention comprises:

The data perception system is used to detect the operation status data, control data and fault data of the auxiliary facilities in the station, and realize the real-time and comprehensive perception of the data of multi-source heterogeneous equipment; the operation status data, control data and fault data of the auxiliary facilities in the station Detection includes adding corresponding functional sensors (specification and accuracy requirements), equipment data transmission protocol analysis, etc., to realize real-time data perception and full-coverage perception of multi-source heterogeneous equipment.

Data transmission system: used to connect auxiliary facilities and corresponding sensing equipment in the station, transmit corresponding data to the upper layer data cloud processing system and have reverse receiving and transmission functions, so that auxiliary facilities in the station can receive remote commands from the cloud; through The IoT gateway module connects with auxiliary facilities and sensors in multiple ways (including RS-485, RJ45, CAN bus, etc.), and converts the analyzed and converted data into MQTT protocol through 4G, 5G, WIFI, Ethernet, etc. , transmitted to the upper-level data cloud processing system; at the same time, through the aforementioned reverse transmission, the device side can receive remote commands from the cloud, thereby realizing a flexible and high-performance "local-cloud" networking mode.

Data processing system; including local data processing system and cloud data processing system, the local data processing system is used for fault judgment of basic data, and the cloud data processing system is used for analyzing, cleaning, storing and analyzing the data received from the cloud; data The processing system includes two parts: the local data processing system and the cloud data processing system. The local data processing system will perceive the data on the device side and perform one-time processing (including basic data fault judgment, change and upload data processing, etc.); the cloud data processing system will combine business Logically, the sensory data uploaded to the cloud is parsed, cleaned, stored and analyzed for secondary processing.

Data visualization system; including mobile phone terminal and/or PC terminal, which is used to provide a visual window for users to remotely control the operation status of equipment. Combined with the usage scenarios of the platform, build a variety of data visualization systems, including mobile terminals (such as applets, APPs, etc.), PC terminals (WEB systems), and provide visual windows for users to remotely control the operating status of equipment.

In the specific implementation of installation and setting operations, the technical route adopted by the project is carried out according to several steps such as operation and maintenance demand research, program research, key technology research, prototype production and on-site installation test improvement. 1. Research on operation and maintenance needs: find out the current operation and maintenance management mode, operation and maintenance content, and difficulties of operation and maintenance of auxiliary facilities, and find out the loopholes and deficiencies in them, and propose solutions to the problems; 2. Program research: in the overall platform content Based on the comparative study of different methods (including technical difficulty, labor cost, time cost, etc.) under each module, the method that is more suitable for this project is obtained; 3. Key technology research: in the selected project plan , establish the key technology of response, and carry out research and implementation, including high-performance data transmission, two-way communication security mechanism, configurable intelligent rule engine, user-friendly visual interface, etc.; 4. Prototype production and field installation test improvement : Prototype production, on-site installation, and testing of sensors meet the requirements of monitoring sensitivity and accuracy; the improvement of prototype production and on-site installation and testing of IoT gateways can meet the analysis and uploading of data perception protocols for various auxiliary facilities; deployment, testing and monitoring of cloud systems Improvements to meet the actual needs of users.

Preferably, the data sensing system is provided with a device sensing layer, and the device sensing layer includes multi-connected air conditioners, dehumidifiers, water pump control boxes, sewage well level gauges and roof water immersion sensors.

Preferably, the data transmission system includes a collection service layer and a data storage layer, the collection service layer is used to collect data from the device perception layer and transmit it to the data storage layer, and the data storage layer includes a real-time database, a historical database, Configuration model database, business storage database, video recording database, picture storage database, configuration drawing database, statistical report database and platform basic database.

As a preferred method of this embodiment, the functions that the intelligent gateway needs to satisfy include: 1. Data analysis capability: for various auxiliary facilities, due to their heterogeneity, it is difficult to realize the unification of data transmission protocols, and the Internet of Things gateway plays a role The role of data perception and transmission should be capable of integrating various protocol analysis, thus laying the foundation for device data perception. 2. Multiple interface access capabilities: In order to communicate with auxiliary facilities, the gateway should have commonly used interfaces, including RS-485, RS-232, RJ45, CAN bus, etc., and also have the ability to expand interfaces. 3. Have the ability to connect to the Internet: the gateway transmits the detected data to the cloud and needs to have the ability to access the Internet. Therefore, it needs to support data transmission capabilities such as Ethernet, WIFI, 4G/5G, and support different transmission methods in different installation scenarios. choose. 4. Edge computing capabilities: In addition to data analysis capabilities, the smart gateway also needs to support edge computing capabilities, specifically in the ability to perform basic processing on perceived data on the gateway side (edge side), including data collection frequency setting, data change uploading , Basic failure condition determination, etc.

Preferably, the data processing system includes a platform engine layer and a functional application layer; the platform engine layer is used to process and feed back data in the data storage layer, and the platform engine layer includes a data collection engine and a measuring point configuration engine , an alarm rule engine, a WEB configuration engine, and a query statistics engine; the functional application layer includes a data monitoring system, an equipment collection and analysis system, and an equipment operation and maintenance system.

Preferably, the data acquisition engine is used for gateway management, data sending and receiving, data forwarding and remote configuration, the measuring point configuration engine is used for device configuration, measuring point configuration and secondary calculation, and the alarm rule engine is used for a single alarm , combined alarm, alarm event and alarm push, the WEB configuration engine is used for configuration editing, data binding, electric rendering and 2D/3D processing, the query statistics engine is used for real-time data, historical data query, task Scheduling and statistical report processing.

For the choice of gateway hardware, such as hardware structure, including 4G/5G antenna interface (optional): leading out the antenna, when the gateway is integrated in the control box, the external anti-shielding of the antenna ensures the normal and stable data signal; serial port RS485: 2 One-way RS485 interface (A1, B1 and A2, B2 two sets of interfaces at both ends), which can be connected to devices with RS485 interface to publish data through signal lines. Under this bus, a gateway can support up to 256 devices, which greatly guarantees the expansion capability of device access (executed in accordance with the RS485 bus connection configuration standard protocol). Serial port RS232: 1 channel RS232 interface (multiplexed with COM1), which can be connected to devices with RS232 interface to issue data through signal lines. Network port (ETH): When using Ethernet to connect to the cloud system, this interface is used to access the Ethernet. When using 4G/5G mode to connect to the cloud system, this interface can be connected to devices with RJ45 interfaces through twisted pairs. Status indicator light: The status indicator light visually displays the operating status of the gateway device (normal power, fault, power failure, network disconnection, etc.). Power interface: DC 12/24V is usually used for power supply, and 5 to 36V wide input voltage can also be considered for power supply.

Its specific working parameters are as follows:

1. Basic parameters:

Chip architecture: ARM Quad-Core Cortex-A7 quad-core,

RAM: 256MB DDR3L,

CPU main frequency: 1GHZ,

Storage: 4G eMMC,

2. Communication interface:

Serial port: 2xRS-485 (where COM1 is reusable RS232/485),

Ethernet: 2-way 100M self-adaptive,

Wireless module: optional 4G full Netcom,

3. Industrial protection:

Electromagnetic compatibility: CE, FCC certification, EMC level 2,

Vibration (working): 1.5mm@2-9Hz; 0.5g@10-500Hz,

Vibration (storage): 3.5mm@2-9Hz; 1g@10-500Hz,

Working humidity: 5%-90%RH,

Working temperature: 0°C-45°C,

Storage temperature: -20°C-55°C,

4. Power consumption:

Input power: 24V DC,

Power consumption: ≤5W,

Heat dissipation method: natural heat,

5. Software system:

Software platform: intelligent gateway,

Operating system: Embedded Linux,

Data processing capacity: 1000 points,

Special functions: remote programming and remote maintenance,

Collection interface library: more than 500 types are regularly updated,

Forwarding interface library: more than 30 types are regularly updated,

6. Installation size:

Installation method: rail type,

Dimensions (L*W*H mm): 120*98*30,

Weight (KG): 0.4,

Material appearance: hot-dip galvanized steel sheet.

In order to facilitate personnel to configure the gateway, the gateway should have a configuration function, that is, connect the user's computer and the gateway through a network cable, enter the gateway access address in the browser, and enter the correct user name and password on the user login page to configure the gateway. The specific functions of the gateway configuration need to include:

1. Data collection configuration: connection device configuration and data item definition configuration;

2. Network configuration: configure cloud address, network connection mode (WIFI, 4G/5G, Ethernet), gateway local IP address, DNS address, etc.;

3. User configuration: configure the user name and password for accessing the gateway;

4. Restore factory settings: It can clear the current configuration and restore to the default factory settings.

Preferably, the data monitoring is used for equipment online monitoring, configuration visualization display and abnormal alarm processing, and the equipment collection and analysis is used for equipment online statistics, equipment operation statistics, equipment failure analysis, equipment comparative analysis statistics and equipment alarm statistics analysis , the equipment collection and analysis is used for equipment online statistics, equipment operation statistics, equipment failure analysis, equipment comparative analysis statistics and equipment alarm statistics analysis, and the equipment operation and maintenance is used for equipment history, maintenance management, maintenance management, inspection management, Check management and spare parts management.

Preferably, the data visualization system is a front-end display layer, and the front-end display layer includes a bulletin screen and/or a mobile terminal and/or a PC terminal.

Preferably, the data of the data sensing system adopts the MQTT protocol as the interconnection protocol between the gateway and the cloud system, and the corresponding MQTT server is deployed on the cloud to realize the connection between the gateway and the platform.

As a preferred mode of this embodiment, the protocol Modbus can be supported, and the Modbus protocol is a general language applied to electronic controllers. Through this protocol, controllers can communicate with each other, controllers via network (such as Ethernet) and other devices. It has become a general industry standard. With it, control devices produced by different manufacturers can be connected into an industrial network for centralized monitoring. This protocol defines a message structure that controllers can recognize and use regardless of the network through which they communicate. It describes the process of a controller requesting access to other devices, how to respond to requests from other devices, and how to detect and record errors. It specifies a common format for message domain layout and content.

When communicating on a Modbus network, the protocol dictates that each controller needs to know their device address, recognize the message sent by the address, and decide what action to take. If a response is required, the controller will generate a feedback message and send it using the Modbus protocol. On other networks, messages involving the Modbus protocol are converted to the frame or packet structure used on this network. This conversion also extends the method of resolving node addresses, routing paths, and error detection according to the specific network.

This protocol supports legacy RS-232, RS-422, RS-485 and Ethernet devices. Many industrial devices, including PLC, DCS, smart instruments, etc., are using the Modbus protocol as their communication standard.

Modbus has the following characteristics:

(1) Standard and open, users can use the Modbus protocol for free and safely, without paying license fees, and will not infringe intellectual property rights. At present, there are more than 400 manufacturers supporting Modbus, and more than 600 products supporting Modbus.

(2) Modbus can support a variety of electrical interfaces, such as RS-232, RS-485, etc., and can also be transmitted on various media, such as twisted pair, optical fiber, wireless, etc.

(3) The frame format of Modbus is simple, compact and easy to understand. It is easy for users to use and easy for manufacturers to develop.

For power environment monitoring, the Modbus protocol is generally used to collect data from power distribution cabinet watt-hour meters, UPS, precision air conditioners, temperature and humidity sensors, infrared sensors, access control, smoke sensors, and water immersion sensors.

The intelligent client of this system, as the Modbus master node, communicates with the power environment monitoring device as the Modbus slave node device through the RS-485 bus. Since Modbus is a master/slave protocol, the smart client of this system periodically polls each slave node device to obtain the latest data.

Regarding the cloud data processing system, the underlying suite of the cloud system undertakes tasks such as data reception, processing and storage, so the requirements for the cloud data processing system need to meet:

1. The ability to connect with the smart gateway: the cloud data processing system can establish a connection with the smart gateway, and receive and send heartbeat data, device collection data, alarm data, etc. The stability of the connection and the packet loss rate of the data are the key factors. Metrics. The Internet of Things industry usually uses MQTT as the communication protocol between the device side and the cloud, and the cloud data processing system needs to have the capabilities of protocol conversion and gateway device connection status maintenance.

2. Data processing capability: The data received from the gateway cannot be directly stored in the database; some data in the database cannot be directly provided to the user, so the classification and analysis of data, cleaning and compression, business operations, etc., play an important role in the system It plays an important role, among which data operation processing speed, data distortion rate, and data compression rate are the measurement indicators of this ability.

3. Data storage capacity: The storage of system data should combine different data types and adopt different data storage methods. The current mainstream equipment data is divided into equipment real-time data and historical data. Real-time data has the characteristics of fast response and high accuracy to data query, so the industry's common practice is to use memory database to store real-time data; historical data is characterized by a large amount of data, most of which are structured data, and rarely This type of data is updated or deleted, and has the characteristics of time series, so historical data is usually stored in time series databases, and at the same time combined with traditional relational databases to store business data.

More specifically, in order to cope with the access of a large number of gateway devices and the upload of a large amount of gateway data, the MQTT server in the cloud middleware usually uses a mature middleware system to achieve access, and the MQTT protocol is often used between the gateway and the cloud system As an interconnection protocol, you can refer to the selection of MQTT open source middleware moquette, and deploy its corresponding MQTT server on the cloud to realize the connection between the gateway and the platform.

In the data processing system, its corresponding working principle is as follows:

1. Data consumption and storage system

After the data uploaded by the gateway reaches the MQTT server, through the established data consumption system, the topic will be subscribed from the MQTT server to complete the data consumption of the middleware, and the data analysis will be saved to the real-time database and historical database. The real-time performance and stability of data consumption system and the integrity and timeliness of data storage are the basic requirements for measuring data consumption and storage system. In order for the system interface encapsulation layer to call the stored data more efficiently, data query efficiency is also a basic requirement for measuring the storage system.

2. Data reprocessing system

After data consumption, some data is not directly stored in the database, but after business processing and calculation, the analyzed and processed data is stored in the database. Based on the principle of loose coupling of the system, a data reprocessing system is created to perform secondary analysis and processing on this type of data. Between the data consumption system and the data reprocessing system, data middleware is also used to realize data transmission instead of the traditional data interface form, mainly because the data throughput is huge, and the traditional data interface form cannot meet the needs of large data transmission. , considering stability and security at the same time, so it adopts the form of data middleware, and this part of data middleware is often implemented by middleware such as kafka and rabbitMQ.

3. System encapsulation interface layer

When the visualization system obtains equipment data or manages business data from the underlying system, in order to ensure the security and stability of the system, it cannot directly operate the database, but creates a system encapsulation interface layer for this purpose. The system aims to improve system security and code reusability. The strategy of high cohesion and low coupling realizes the isolation of users and data, and at the same time provides a clear data interface for the user side.

Preferably, the WEB configuration engine realizes 3D restoration of the computer room through configuration editing, data binding, electric rendering and 2D/3D processing, and realizes intuitive monitoring of the computer room in the data visualization system.

It is understandable that the WEB visualization system is the main channel for data presentation, maintenance and management in the current IoT system, and it undertakes user-to-device maintenance interaction, data algorithm flexible configuration interaction, device perception data query, and device analysis result (data report) query. , Hierarchical permission management between users and other tasks. Commonly used WEB visualization systems often present device perception data and related business data in the form of a dashboard (Dashboard), thereby presenting the data required by users intuitively, beautifully, and comprehensively. At present, with the realization and development of 3D modeling on the web side, it is not impossible to create a three-dimensional 3D machine room in the WEB visualization system to restore the real scene on site, so that the monitoring of equipment data is more intuitive.

As a preferred method of this embodiment, in recent years, various mini-programs have gradually emerged, and the use of WeChat mini-programs is the most common. In the Internet of Things industry, the self-built APPs of all parties have become increasingly costly and inflexible, mainly reflected in the fact that firstly, multi-platform development is required, and the development of an APP needs to be compatible with two mainstream systems, Android and IOS (in recent years, the HUAWEI HARMONY system has also Gradually rising); second, the flexibility of APP release is poor. At present, each mobile phone manufacturer has its own application store (APPStore). Therefore, for now, it is a good choice for the mobile terminal visualization system to use WeChat applets.

The WeChat applet mainly plays the role of data presentation and fault push, while the user’s data maintenance and processing are all completed on the platform’s WEB visualization system side, so the functional modules of the WeChat applet can be relatively reduced compared with the WEB system. It needs to include device perception data query, device analysis result (data report) query and other functions.

When the equipment is abnormal, the system will generate a corresponding alarm reminder. If it can only be queried in the system, it will affect the timeliness of alarm processing, so the fault push function is essential. The current mainstream fault push methods include: WeChat official account alarm push, SMS push, and email push. When the WeChat applet is built, the WeChat official account alarm push can be built together. For important faults, SMS alarms are usually not used.

The specific operation of the WEB visualization system is as follows:

1. System login

1) Enter the platform address on the browser:

Enter the platform login page, enter the login account and password, and click Login.

2) Enter the platform function selection main page, click the corresponding main function to enter the corresponding main page.

2. Equipment monitoring

1) Graphical configuration function:

Select the corresponding device in the device tree on the left, and click the "Graphic Configuration" menu on the right to enter the configuration system to query the current status of the device.

2) Data monitoring function:

Select the corresponding device in the device tree on the left, and click the "Data Monitoring" menu on the right to enter the device data monitoring system. Real-time data and historical data can be viewed.

3) Equipment remote control function:

Select the corresponding device in the device tree on the left, and click the "Remote Remote Adjustment" menu to enter the interface. It can manipulate equipment data and view operation records.

4) Equipment alarm recording function:

Select the corresponding device in the device tree on the left, and click the "Alarm Record" menu to enter the interface. In the system, it is divided into three categories: "active alarm", "historical alarm" and "combined alarm".

5) Equipment file function:

Select the corresponding device in the device tree on the left, and click the "Device File" menu to enter the interface.

6) Operation and maintenance information function:

Select the corresponding device in the device tree on the left, and click the "Operation and Maintenance Information" menu to enter the interface. Under this function, users can query the operation and maintenance records of the equipment.

3. System Configuration

Click the corresponding icon on the main function page to enter the system configuration.

1) Site configuration page:

Click on the site configuration on the left to complete the maintenance of multiple sites, including importing sites, synchronizing configurations, editing, binding drawings, gateway reading, device reading and other functions.

2) Regional configuration page:

Click the area configuration on the left to enter the area configuration in the site. The functions include adding area, editing area, binding drawing and deleting area, etc.

3) Gateway configuration

Click the gateway configuration button on the left to enter the gateway configuration interface. The functions include adding gateways, batch deletion, gateway editing and single deletion, etc.

4) Device configuration

Click the device configuration button on the left to enter the device configuration interface. The functions include batch configuration mapping, adding devices, sorting, measuring point configuration, alarm configuration, remote adjustment configuration, binding drawings, copying and deleting, etc.

5) Alarm configuration

Click the alarm configuration button on the left to enter the alarm configuration interface. The functions include adding alarms, adding alarm details, editing, deleting, sorting, etc.

6) Device type configuration

Click the device type configuration button on the left to enter the page. The functions include adding type, editing type, deleting type, fault code configuration, measurement point sub-configuration, equipment utilization configuration, etc.

Preferably, the data visualization system has a human-computer interaction function.

Furthermore, in the human-computer interaction operation of the operation process of the applet, it includes:

1. System login

Open the WeChat applet, enter the system login page, and enter the user name and password to log in to the system.

2. Equipment monitoring system

Click the "Substation Auxiliary Equipment Monitoring" button on the system home page to enter the equipment monitoring system. In the system, you can view equipment list, equipment real-time data, historical data, remote control and adjustment, activity alarm, historical alarm, combined alarm, equipment information, electronic files and data such as operation and maintenance information.

3. Operation and maintenance system

Click the "Intelligent Operation and Maintenance" button on the home page of the system to enter the equipment operation and maintenance system. In the system, you can query equipment operation and maintenance status, fault repair, query equipment history, equipment maintenance, query operation and maintenance records, query equipment ledger, equipment maintenance, Equipment patrol inspection, equipment point inspection, spare parts ledger, spare parts storage, spare parts delivery, equipment operation and maintenance statistical information, simultaneous operation and maintenance statistical information, etc. Comprehensively provide users with equipment operation and maintenance services.

Furthermore, through the Internet of Things environmental monitoring system for substations and distribution stations provided by this technology, it provides intelligent operation and maintenance solutions for auxiliary facilities such as air conditioners, temperature and humidity, flooding, dehumidifiers, liquid level gauges, and water pumps in substations. Through the Internet of Things and sensor technology, the traditional polling manual operation and maintenance is transformed into digital and intelligent operation and maintenance of the system. On this basis, an intelligent equipment operation and maintenance management platform is built to realize the precise and efficient operation and maintenance of air conditioners, water pumps and other equipment. Efficient operation and maintenance.

(1) Smart IoT gateway for substation auxiliary facilities

Study the data communication management mode of each auxiliary facility in the substation, and realize the data perception, data analysis, fault judgment and data upload of each auxiliary facility through data communication.

(2) Cloud data processing system

Due to the variety of auxiliary facilities and data differentiation, preprocessing and analysis of data uploaded to the cloud is helpful for system integrity and platform loose coupling, and provides technical support for the subsequent access of other devices.

(3) Data visualization system

Provide a human-computer interaction interface for users of substation auxiliary facilities. Users can inspect all auxiliary facilities through the system, and submit equipment failure alarms to users in a timely manner when equipment is abnormal, combined with point inspection and repair functions provided by the equipment operation and maintenance system , Realize the double protection of preventive maintenance and breakdown maintenance of equipment.

Aiming at the problems of low operation and maintenance efficiency and high labor cost of substation auxiliary facilities, this project developed an intelligent IoT gateway and intelligent operation and maintenance platform based on the Internet of Things technology. The intelligent IoT gateway can realize data analysis and perception of various types of equipment, multi Through data transmission, only one gateway is really needed to access a variety of auxiliary facilities. Combined with the intelligent operation and maintenance platform, the operation and maintenance work will be informatized and intelligent, so as to improve equipment safety, operation and maintenance efficiency, and save costs.

In view of the current problem of no closed loop and no feedback in equipment operation and maintenance, this project developed an intelligent operation and maintenance system. The operation and maintenance personnel will complete the point inspection, patrol inspection, repair report and maintenance records of the equipment with the help of the information platform, thereby generating operation records that can be queried. By recording the operation and maintenance time and cycle of each equipment, it will provide reference decisions for all aspects of substation equipment operation and maintenance.

Through the setting and combination of the substation intelligent IoT gateway and the intelligent operation and maintenance platform, a dual efficient operation and maintenance management mode of "preventive maintenance and fault maintenance" is established. On this basis, the operating status of auxiliary facilities will be monitored. Real-time control to realize dynamic, digital, refined and intelligent efficient operation and maintenance of substation auxiliary facilities.

Combined with the application of the WeChat applet system, on the basis of ensuring data security, the connection between equipment and users can be opened up, the operation procedures of operation and maintenance personnel can be further simplified, and the difficulty of operation and maintenance can be reduced. Through flexible authority configuration, the authority of operation and maintenance personnel for equipment inspection and management operations is realized; automatic alarm push will minimize the omission of equipment failures by operation and maintenance personnel, and improve the quality of operation and maintenance; through the "report-repair" line, and The daily "spot inspection and patrol inspection" line guarantees the normal operation of equipment in an all-round way.

Working principle and working process of the present invention:

In the present invention, through the detection of the operation status data, control data and fault data of the auxiliary facilities in the station, including adding corresponding functional sensors (specification and precision requirements), analysis of the transmission protocol of equipment data, etc., the real-time data of multi-source heterogeneous equipment can be realized. Sensing, full-coverage sensing; through the Internet of Things gateway module, it is connected with auxiliary facilities and sensors in multiple ways (including RS-485, RJ45, CAN bus, etc.), and the data of the sensors is transmitted through 4G, 5G, WIFI, Ethernet, etc. The data that has been parsed and converted into the MQTT protocol is transmitted to the upper-level data cloud processing system; at the same time, through the aforementioned reverse transmission, the device side can receive remote commands from the cloud, thereby realizing a flexible and high-performance "local-cloud" networking mode , the data processing system includes two parts: the local data processing system and the cloud data processing system. The local data processing system will perceive the data on the device side and perform one-time processing (including basic data fault judgment, change and upload data processing, etc.); the cloud data processing system will Combining the perception data that has been uploaded to the cloud with business logic for secondary processing such as parsing, cleaning, storage and analysis, combined with platform usage scenarios, building a variety of data visualization systems, including mobile terminals (such as small programs, APPs, etc.), PC terminals (WEB system), providing a visual window for users to remotely control the operating status of equipment.

Those of ordinary skill in the art should recognize that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, rather than as a limitation to the present invention, as long as within the scope of the spirit of the present invention, the above-described embodiments Changes and modifications will fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A substation internet of things environment monitoring system, characterized in that it comprises: The data perception system is used to detect the operation status data, control data and fault data of the auxiliary facilities in the station, and realize the real-time and comprehensive perception of the data of multi-source heterogeneous equipment; Data transmission system: used to connect auxiliary facilities and corresponding sensing equipment in the station, transmit corresponding data to the upper layer data cloud processing system and have reverse receiving and transmission functions, so that auxiliary facilities in the station can receive remote commands from the cloud; Data processing system: including local data processing system and cloud data processing system, the local data processing system is used to judge the fault of the basic data, and the cloud data processing system is used to analyze, clean, store and analyze the data received from the cloud; Data visualization system; including mobile phone terminal and/or PC terminal, which is used to provide a visual window for users to remotely control the operation status of equipment. 2. A substation Internet of things environment monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the data sensing system is provided with a device sensing layer, and the device sensing layer includes multi-connected air conditioners, dehumidifiers, water pumps Control box, sewage well level gauge and roof flooding sensor. 3. A kind of substation Internet of Things environment monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the data transmission system includes a collection service layer and a data storage layer, and the collection service layer is used for the device perception layer The data collected and sent to the data storage layer, the data storage layer includes real-time database, historical database, configuration model database, business storage database, video recording database, picture storage database, configuration drawing database, statistical report database and platform basic database . 4. A kind of substation Internet of things environment monitoring system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described data processing system comprises platform engine layer and function application layer; Described platform engine layer is used for data storage layer The data of the platform is processed and fed back. The platform engine layer includes a data collection engine, a measurement point configuration engine, an alarm rule engine, a WEB configuration engine, and a query statistics engine; the functional application layer includes a data monitoring system and a device collection and analysis system. and equipment operation and maintenance systems. 5. A kind of transformation and distribution substation Internet of things environment monitoring system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described data collection engine is used for gateway management, data sending and receiving, data forwarding and remote configuration, and described measuring point configuration engine Used for device configuration, measuring point configuration and secondary calculation, the alarm rule engine is used for single alarm, combined alarm, alarm event and alarm push, and the WEB configuration engine is used for configuration editing, data binding, and electric rendering and 2D/3D processing, the query statistics engine is used for real-time data, historical data query, task scheduling and statistical report processing. 6. A kind of substation Internet of Things environment monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the data monitoring is used for equipment online monitoring, configuration visualization display and abnormal alarm processing, and the equipment collection and analysis is used for For equipment online statistics, equipment operation statistics, equipment failure analysis, equipment comparative analysis statistics and equipment alarm statistics analysis, the equipment collection and analysis is used for equipment online statistics, equipment operation statistics, equipment failure analysis, equipment comparative analysis statistics and equipment alarm statistics Analysis, the equipment operation and maintenance is used for equipment history, maintenance management, maintenance management, inspection management, point inspection management and spare parts management. 7. A kind of substation IoT environment monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the data visualization system is a front-end display layer, and the front-end display layer includes a bulletin screen and/or a mobile terminal and/or or PC side. 8. A kind of substation Internet of things environment monitoring system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the data of described data perception system adopts MQTT protocol as the interconnection protocol between gateway and cloud system, and the cloud deploys its corresponding MQTTserver is used to realize the connection between the gateway and the platform. 9. A kind of substation Internet of Things environment monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that, the WEB configuration engine realizes the machine room through configuration editing, data binding, electric rendering and 2D/3D processing Perform 3D restoration to realize intuitive monitoring of the computer room in the data visualization system. 10. The Internet of Things environment monitoring system of a substation and distribution station according to claim 1, wherein the data visualization system has a human-computer interaction function.

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