CN116290079B - Prefabricated retaining wall, side prefabricated block, middle prefabricated block and hole-opening construction method thereof - Google Patents
Prefabricated retaining wall, side prefabricated block, middle prefabricated block and hole-opening construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116290079B CN116290079B CN202310122136.9A CN202310122136A CN116290079B CN 116290079 B CN116290079 B CN 116290079B CN 202310122136 A CN202310122136 A CN 202310122136A CN 116290079 B CN116290079 B CN 116290079B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0258—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features
- E02D29/0266—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features made up of preformed elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/04—Making large underground spaces, e.g. for underground plants, e.g. stations of underground railways; Construction or layout thereof
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0004—Synthetics
- E02D2300/0018—Cement used as binder
- E02D2300/002—Concrete
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0026—Metals
- E02D2300/0029—Steel; Iron
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
- E02D2600/20—Miscellaneous comprising details of connection between elements
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Retaining Walls (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a prefabricated retaining wall, an edge prefabricated block, a middle prefabricated block and a hole-opening construction method thereof, which aim to solve the problems that the later hole-opening construction risk of the prefabricated retaining wall is high and concrete cracking of the retaining wall is easy to cause, and relates to the technical field of prefabricated retaining walls. The prefabricated retaining wall comprises two side prefabricated blocks and at least one middle prefabricated block; the side width precast block comprises side width support columns, side width front baffles, side width rear baffles and a concrete portion, wherein the concrete portion comprises a stand column portion, a side width upper beam portion and a side width lower beam portion, the side width upper beam portion and the side width lower beam portion are arranged up and down, the stand column portion is connected with the side width upper beam portion and the side width lower beam portion to form a concave structure with a groove at one end, the middle width precast block comprises a middle width front baffle, a middle width rear baffle, a middle width support column, a middle width upper beam portion and a middle width lower beam portion, the middle width upper beam portion and the middle width lower beam portion are arranged up and down at intervals, and the middle width upper beam portion and the middle width lower beam portion are formed by concrete. The invention greatly reduces the construction risk of the prefabricated retaining wall hole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of prefabricated retaining walls, in particular to a prefabricated retaining wall, an edge prefabricated block, a middle prefabricated block and a hole-opening construction method thereof.
Background
The subway station is generally divided into a main structure (platform, station hall, roof and the like) for early construction and an auxiliary structure (such as a channel, a wind shaft and the like) for later construction. Because the soil is required to be retained, holes cannot be formed in the side wall when the main structure is constructed, the main structure is generally required to be completed, holes are formed in the side wall of the main structure when the auxiliary structure is constructed in the later period, and then the side wall, the bottom and the top plate of the auxiliary structure are connected into a whole through a reinforcing steel bar connector embedded in the main structure.
For the fully cast-in-situ station, as the side wall of the main body structure is a whole, the hidden columns at the two ends of the hole and the hidden beams at the bottom and the top of the hole can be reserved when the side wall of the main body structure is poured, when the auxiliary structure is constructed, the concrete of the side wall in the range of the hole is directly removed, the load above the hole is converted into the load borne by the hidden beams at the top of the hole reserved in advance, and the top of the hole is always in a supported stress state in the whole construction process. However, considering the convenience of installation and construction, the width of a single prefabricated retaining wall block (prefabricated block) cannot be too large, and is generally not more than 3m, and therefore, the prefabricated retaining wall formed by construction is assembled in blocks along the longitudinal direction of the station, and vertical through seams exist. In addition, in practice, the hole diameter is often larger than the width of a single prefabricated block, so that the prefabricated retaining wall cannot be provided with a continuous hidden beam in advance on the top of the hole like a full cast-in-situ side wall. Existing prefabricated retaining wall opening schemes generally require that vertical supports at the opening be removed first and then a hidden beam above the opening be applied. According to the method, after the vertical support at the hole is removed and before the hidden beam above the hole is applied, the concrete above the hole and the vertical load are in a state without the vertical support, so that the risk of construction is greatly increased, the concrete above the hole is subjected to stress redistribution because of unreasonable stress system, the concrete is likely to crack, the stress redistribution and the crack of the concrete are irreversible, and the concrete cannot be repaired even after the hidden beam is applied.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of high risk and easy cracking of concrete of a retaining wall in the later stage of the prefabricated retaining wall construction by providing the prefabricated retaining wall, the side precast blocks, the middle precast block and the hole-opening construction method.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the prefabricated retaining wall comprises two side prefabricated blocks and at least one middle prefabricated block;
The side frame precast block comprises side frame support columns, side frame front baffles, side frame rear baffles and a concrete part, wherein the concrete part comprises upright column parts, side frame upper beam parts and side frame lower beam parts, the side frame upper beam parts and the side frame lower beam parts are arranged up and down, the upright column parts are connected with the side frame upper beam parts and the side frame lower beam parts to form a concave structure with a groove at one end, the side frame support columns are arranged in the groove, the lower ends of the side frame support columns are connected with the side frame lower beam parts, the upper ends of the side frame support columns extend into the side frame upper beam parts, the side frame front baffles and the side frame rear baffles are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear sides of the groove in a covering mode, connecting beam longitudinal ribs which correspond to the top positions of the grooves and are positioned below the upper ends of the side frame support columns are arranged in the upright column parts, and connecting beam stirrups to be connected are arranged in the area below the upper ends of the side frame support columns;
The middle frame precast block comprises a middle frame front baffle, a middle frame rear baffle, a middle frame support column, a middle frame upper beam part and a middle frame lower beam part which are arranged at intervals up and down and formed by concrete, wherein an intermediate cavity is formed at intervals between the middle frame upper beam part and the middle frame lower beam part, the middle frame support column is arranged in the intermediate cavity, the lower end of the middle frame lower beam part extends into the middle frame upper beam part, the middle frame front baffle and the middle frame rear baffle are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the intermediate cavity in a covering manner, and a to-be-connected rib for arranging a beam stirrup is also arranged in an area below the upper end of the middle frame upper beam part;
Two the one end of the recess of limit width of cloth prefabricated part sets up relatively, middle width of cloth prefabricated part splice in proper order sets up two between the limit width of cloth prefabricated part, and the outer end middle width of cloth prefabricated part's one end is connected with the limit width of cloth entablature portion of limit width of cloth prefabricated part corresponding end respectively, and middle width of cloth entablature portion's one end is connected with the limit width of cloth entablature portion of limit width of cloth prefabricated part corresponding end respectively to splice formation has by recess and middle chamber the regional prefabricated barricade of opening.
Further, splice grooves are formed in two ends of the side-width precast block and the middle-width precast block, the splice grooves in two sides of the middle-width precast block are respectively communicated with the splice grooves of the side-width precast block on the corresponding side to form a seal groove, and connecting concrete is poured into the seal groove, so that the prefabricated retaining wall is formed by splicing.
Further, the edge support column is provided with an edge front lug plate which is connected with the edge front baffle plate to prevent the edge front baffle plate from being deformed inwards, and the edge support column is also provided with an edge rear lug plate which is connected with the edge rear baffle plate to prevent the edge rear baffle plate from being deformed inwards; the middle frame support column is provided with a middle frame front lug plate which is connected with the middle frame front baffle plate to prevent the middle frame front baffle plate from being concavely deformed, and the middle frame support column is also provided with a middle frame rear lug plate which is connected with the middle frame rear baffle plate to prevent the middle frame rear baffle plate from being concavely deformed.
Further, the side support columns and the middle support columns are steel columns, and shear nails are arranged at the upper ends of the side support columns and the periphery of the upper ends of the middle support columns.
Further, the lower ends of the side frame precast block and the middle frame precast block are respectively provided with a vertically arranged through hole, the side frame supporting columns and the middle frame supporting columns are hollow structures, the inner cavities of the side frame supporting columns form the through holes of the side frame precast block, and the inner cavities of the middle frame supporting columns form the through holes of the middle frame precast block.
Prefabricated barricade limit width of cloth prefabricated section, including limit width of cloth support column, limit width of cloth preceding baffle, limit width of cloth backplate and concrete portion, concrete portion includes stand portion and the limit width of cloth entablature portion that sets up from top to bottom, with limit width of cloth entablature portion, stand portion is connected with limit width of cloth entablature portion and is formed the concave structure that one end was equipped with the recess, the limit width of cloth support column sets up in the recess, and the lower extreme is connected with limit width of cloth entablature portion, in the upper end stretches into limit width of cloth entablature portion, limit width of cloth preceding baffle and limit width of cloth backplate cover respectively establish the front and back both sides of recess, be equipped with in the stand portion and be located the connecting beam of the below of limit width of cloth support column upper end indulges the muscle and uses the connecting beam, the region that limit width of cloth entablature portion is located the below of limit width of cloth support column upper end is equipped with the connecting beam stirrup and waits to connect the muscle.
Further, splicing grooves for splicing the side prefabricated blocks with the middle prefabricated block are formed in two ends of the side prefabricated block.
Further, the edge support column is provided with an edge front lug plate which is connected with the edge front baffle plate to prevent the edge front baffle plate from being deformed in a concave manner, and the edge support column is also provided with an edge rear lug plate which is connected with the edge rear baffle plate to prevent the edge rear baffle plate from being deformed in a concave manner.
Further, the side support column is a steel column, and shear pins are arranged on the periphery of the upper end of the side support column.
The middle-frame precast block comprises a middle-frame front baffle, a middle-frame rear baffle, a middle-frame supporting column, a middle-frame upper beam part and a middle-frame lower beam part, wherein the middle-frame upper beam part and the middle-frame lower beam part are arranged at intervals up and down and are formed by concrete, a middle cavity is formed at intervals between the middle-frame upper beam part and the middle-frame lower beam part, the middle-frame supporting column is arranged in the middle cavity, the lower end of the middle-frame lower beam part stretches into the middle-frame upper beam part, the middle-frame front baffle and the middle-frame rear baffle are respectively covered and arranged on the front side and the rear side of the middle cavity, and a beam stirrup to be connected is arranged in an area below the upper end of the middle-frame upper beam part of the middle-frame supporting column.
Further, splice grooves for splicing with the side prefabricated blocks are formed in two ends of the middle prefabricated block.
Further, the middle frame support column is provided with a middle frame front lug plate which is connected with the middle frame front baffle plate to prevent the middle frame front baffle plate from being concavely deformed, and the middle frame support column is also provided with a middle frame rear lug plate which is connected with the middle frame rear baffle plate to prevent the middle frame rear baffle plate from being concavely deformed.
Further, the middle support column is a steel column, and shear pins are also arranged on the periphery of the upper end of the middle support column.
The prefabricated retaining wall hole-opening construction method comprises the following steps:
Step one, constructing the prefabricated retaining wall, wherein two side precast blocks and at least one middle side precast block are arranged at a hole opening position according to the position and the size of the hole opening area, the two side precast blocks are arranged at two sides of the hole opening position, one ends of grooves of the two side precast blocks are oppositely arranged, the middle side precast blocks are sequentially spliced between the two side precast blocks, one ends of middle side upper beam parts of the middle side precast blocks at the outermost end are respectively connected with side upper beam parts of side precast blocks at corresponding ends, one ends of middle side lower beam parts are respectively connected with side lower beam parts of the side precast blocks at corresponding ends, and the positions of the grooves and a middle cavity form the hole opening area;
Cutting off an edge front baffle, an edge rear baffle, a middle front baffle and a middle rear baffle when holes are needed to be opened when soil bodies on two sides of the prefabricated retaining wall are removed;
chiseling off concrete at the lower part of the upper beam part of the side frame, concrete at the lower part of the upper beam part of the middle frame and concrete at the position where the connecting ribs are arranged at the upright post part, and exposing the ribs to be connected and the connecting ribs;
Step four, arranging reinforcement cages for hidden beams below the upper beam part of the side frame and the upper beam part of the middle frame, wherein the two ends of the longitudinal bars of the reinforcement cages are respectively connected with connecting bars in corresponding side frame support columns to realize fixation, and stirrups of the reinforcement cages are connected with bars to be connected to realize fixation;
fifthly, casting concrete to the reinforcement cage formwork to form a hidden beam;
And step six, cutting off redundant side support columns and middle support columns after the concrete strength of the hidden beam meets the requirement.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
According to the prefabricated retaining wall, the side prefabricated blocks, the middle side prefabricated block and the hole-opening construction method thereof, when the primary main structure is constructed, the hole-opening area of the wall can depend on a stress system formed by the side prefabricated blocks, the baffle plates of the middle side prefabricated block and the support columns, when the wall is not provided with holes, the side pressure of water and soil can be borne, the vertical load of the wall can be effectively transferred, the wall can be conveniently removed in stages according to the needs in the hole-opening process of the wall, and the concrete is less broken;
The support columns of each side precast block and the middle precast block can be used for providing reliable support for the upper part of the hole before the hidden beam is subjected to later hole opening construction, so that a reasonable structural force transfer system is arranged in the hole area, the situation that the reasonable force transfer system is interrupted and the upper part of the hole is not reliably supported in the changing process is guaranteed, the problems that the later hole opening construction risk of a prefabricated retaining wall is high and the concrete cracking of the retaining wall is easily caused are solved, the construction risk of the prefabricated retaining wall is greatly reduced, and the mechanical property of the structure in the construction and use processes is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a side frame precast block according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the semi-sectional structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the intermediate web prefabricated section of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another side frame prefabricated block according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a prefabricated wall panel of the present invention for facilitating opening of a hole;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 7;
fig. 9 to 12 are schematic views of the prefabricated retaining wall hole-opening construction of the present invention;
Reference numerals:
The side frame precast block 1, the middle side frame precast block 2, the shear pins 3, the longitudinal ribs 4, the stirrups 5, the reinforcement cages 6, the hidden beams 7, the through holes 9, the guide pipes 10, the concrete part 11, the grooves 12, the side frame support columns 13, the side frame rear baffle 14, the side frame front baffle 15, the connecting ribs 16, the splicing grooves 17, the concrete 18, the ribs 19 to be connected, the upright post parts 111, the side frame lower beam parts 112, the side frame upper beam parts 113, the middle frame upper beam parts 21, the middle frame lower beam parts 22, the middle frame front baffle 23, the middle frame rear baffle 24, the middle frame support columns 25, the middle cavities 26, the side frame front ear plates 151, the side frame rear ear plates 152, the middle frame front ear plates 251 and the middle frame rear ear plates 252.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the prefabricated retaining wall of the present invention comprises two side prefabricated sections 1 and at least one middle prefabricated section 2. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the side frame precast block 1 includes side frame support columns 13, side frame front fenders 15, side frame rear fenders 14, and a concrete portion 11. The edge support posts 13, the edge front baffle 15, and the edge rear baffle 14 may be steel or other materials. The concrete portion 11 includes a column portion 111, and an upper side beam portion 113 and a lower side beam portion 112 that are disposed up and down, and the column portion 111 is connected to the upper side beam portion 113 and the lower side beam portion 112 to form a concave structure having a recess 12 at one end thereof for forming a hole area. The side support column 13 is disposed in the groove 12, and has a lower end connected to the side lower beam portion 112 and an upper end extending into the side upper beam portion 113. The front side baffle 15 and the rear side baffle 14 are respectively covered on the front side and the rear side of the groove 12 for retaining the soil of the side precast block 1, and prevent soil from passing through the side precast block 1 from the groove. The vertical column part 111 is internally provided with a connecting rib 16 for connecting the longitudinal beam ribs, which corresponds to the top position of the groove 12 and is positioned below the upper end of the side frame support column 13, and the area of the side frame upper beam part 113 below the upper end of the side frame support column 13 is provided with a to-be-connected beam rib 19 for connecting the beam stirrups. The ribs 19 to be connected are generally L, U-shaped, etc., and the lower end positions thereof are substantially identical to the height of the connecting ribs 16. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the intermediate prefabricated section 2 includes an intermediate front panel 23, an intermediate rear panel 24, an intermediate support column 25, and an intermediate upper beam portion 21 and an intermediate lower beam portion 22 which are disposed at intervals up and down and formed of concrete, and the intermediate front panel 23, the intermediate rear panel 24, and the intermediate support column 25 may be made of steel or other materials. The space between the middle upper beam part 21 and the middle lower beam part 22 forms a middle cavity 26 forming a hole area, the middle support column 25 is arranged in the middle cavity 26, the lower end of the middle lower beam part 22 extends into the middle upper beam part 21, and the area of the middle upper beam part 21 below the upper end of the middle support column 25 is also provided with a to-be-connected rib 19 for arranging a beam stirrup. As shown in fig. 7 and 8, one ends of the grooves 12 of the two side prefabricated sections 1 are oppositely arranged, the middle side prefabricated section 2 adopts an upper beam portion to an upper beam portion, a lower beam portion to a lower beam portion, the side front baffle 15 is spliced with the middle side front baffle 23, the side front baffle 15 is spliced with the middle side rear baffle 24, the side front baffle 15 is spliced and arranged between the two side prefabricated sections 1 in a mode of being sequentially connected end to end, one ends of the middle side upper beam portion 21 of the middle side prefabricated section 2 at the outermost end are respectively connected with the side upper beam portion 113 of the side prefabricated section 1 at the corresponding end, and one ends of the middle side lower beam portion 22 are respectively connected with the side lower beam portion 112 of the side prefabricated section 1 at the corresponding end, so that the prefabricated retaining wall with the opening area formed by the grooves 12 and the middle cavity 26 is formed in a spliced mode.
One end of the middle upper beam part 21 of the middle precast block 2 at the outermost end is respectively connected with the upper beam part 113 of the corresponding side precast block 1, one end of the middle lower beam part 22 is respectively connected with the lower beam part 112 of the corresponding side precast block 1, as shown in fig. 8, that is, one end of the middle upper beam part 21 of the middle precast block 2 at the leftmost end is connected with the upper beam part 113 of the side precast block 1 at the left end of the block, and one end of the middle lower beam part 22 of the middle precast block 2 at the leftmost end is connected with the lower beam part 112 of the side precast block 1 at the left end of the block; one end of the middle upper beam part 21 of the middle precast block 2 at the rightmost end is connected with the upper beam part 113 of the side precast block 1 at the right end of the block, and one end of the middle lower beam part 22 of the middle precast block 2 at the rightmost end is connected with the lower beam part 112 of the side precast block 1 at the right end of the block.
Specifically, the splicing among the check blocks can adopt various existing splicing modes such as bolt connection, welding or clamping connection and the like according to actual conditions.
In the invention, the width of the side precast block 1 and the middle precast block 2 is not more than 3 meters for convenient installation.
Specifically, the side front panel 15 and the side rear panel 14 may be fixed to the concrete portion 11 in a pre-buried manner, and the middle front panel 23 and the middle rear panel 24 may be fixed to the middle upper beam portion 21 and the middle lower beam portion 22 in a pre-buried manner.
As shown in fig. 9 to 12, the method for constructing the hole of the prefabricated retaining wall formed by the prefabricated stopper comprises the following steps:
Firstly, constructing the prefabricated retaining wall, wherein two side precast blocks 1 and at least one middle side precast block 2 are arranged at the position of a hole opening according to the position and the size of the hole opening area, the larger the hole opening is, the larger the number of the middle side precast blocks 2 is, the two side precast blocks 1 are arranged at two sides of the hole opening position, one ends of grooves 12 of the two side precast blocks 1 are oppositely arranged, the middle side precast blocks 2 are sequentially spliced and arranged between the two side precast blocks 1, one ends of middle upper beam parts 21 of the middle side precast blocks 2 at the outermost ends are respectively connected with side upper beam parts 113 of the side precast blocks 1 at the corresponding ends, one ends of middle lower beam parts 22 are respectively connected with side lower beam parts 112 of the side precast blocks 1 at the corresponding ends, the two side precast blocks 1 are fixedly connected with other common blocks at the moment, the grooves 12 and the positions of the middle cavities 26 form the hole opening area, and the vertical side pressure bearing area can be guaranteed by means of each baffle plate of the prefabricated block, the prefabricated support column and the like, and the vertical side pressure bearing area can not bear water and can be provided;
Step two, when the soil body on two sides of the prefabricated retaining wall is removed and needs to be opened, the baffle is not affected by water and soil side pressure any more, the side frame front baffle 15, the side frame rear baffle 14, the middle frame front baffle 23 and the middle frame rear baffle 24 are cut off, at this time, a plurality of small wall openings divided by the side frame support columns 13 and the middle frame support columns 25 are formed at the side wall opening positions, and as the lower ends of the side frame support columns 13 are connected with the side frame lower beam part 112, the upper ends extend into the side frame upper beam part 113, the lower ends of the middle frame support columns 25 extend into the middle frame upper beam part 21, and all vertical loads above the openings can be borne by the side frame support columns 13 and the middle frame support columns 25 (see fig. 9);
Step three, chiseling off the concrete at the lower part of the side upper beam part 113, the concrete at the lower part of the middle upper beam part 21 and the concrete at the position where the connecting rib 16 is arranged on the upright post part 111, and exposing the rib 19 to be connected and the connecting rib 16 (see fig. 10);
Step four, arranging reinforcement cages 6 for hidden beams below the upper beam parts 113 of the side frames and the upper beam parts 21 of the middle frame, wherein two ends of longitudinal ribs 4 of the reinforcement cages 6 are respectively connected with connecting ribs 16 in corresponding side frame support columns 13 to realize fixation, the longitudinal ribs 4 penetrate through the support columns when meeting the support columns, and stirrups 5 of the reinforcement cages 6 are connected with ribs 19 to be connected to realize fixation, so that the integrity of the reinforcement cages and the concrete above is ensured (see FIG. 11);
step five, casting concrete on the reinforcement cage 6 in a formwork to form a hidden beam 7 (see fig. 12);
And step six, after the concrete strength of the hidden beam 7 meets the requirement, cutting off redundant (all or part) side support columns 13 and middle support columns 25 according to the requirement, wherein the hidden beam 7 forms a support beam together with the upper beam part of each precast block above the hidden beam through the rest parts of the support columns, the reinforcement cages 6 for the hidden beam and the like, and the vertical load above the precast blocks can be borne by the support beam, thereby completing the hole.
According to the prefabricated retaining wall convenient for hole opening and the hole opening method thereof, the pre-opening area can depend on a stress system formed by the baffle plates of each side precast block 1 and the middle precast block 2 and the support columns, when the wall body is not opened, the side pressure of water and soil can be borne, the vertical load of the wall body can be effectively transferred, the prefabricated retaining wall can be conveniently removed in a staged mode according to the needs in the hole opening process of the wall body, and the concrete is less broken; the support column can be used for providing reliable support for the upper part of the hole before the hidden beam is constructed in the later-stage hole, so that the hole area is provided with a reasonable structural force transfer system, and the situation that the reasonable force transfer system is interrupted and the upper part of the hole is not reliably supported in the process of changing the structural force transfer system of the hole area is ensured. The construction risk is greatly reduced, and the mechanical property of the structure in the construction and use processes is improved.
In order to facilitate the splicing among the precast blocks and improve the waterproof performance of the precast retaining wall, splicing grooves 17 are formed at two ends of the side precast block 1 and the middle precast block 2, the splicing grooves 17 at two sides of the middle precast block 2 are respectively communicated with the splicing grooves 17 of the side precast block 1 at the corresponding side to form a sealing groove, and connecting concrete 18 is poured in the sealing groove, so that the precast retaining wall is formed by splicing. The splice groove 17 may be of various shapes. In the figure, the splicing groove 17 is in a convex shape, so that the stability of the retaining wall in the longitudinal stress process can be improved.
In order to prevent the inward concave deformation of the baffle plates of each prefabricated block 2, as shown in fig. 8, the side frame support column 13 is provided with a side frame front lug plate 151 connected with the side frame front baffle plate 15 for preventing the inward concave deformation of the side frame front baffle plate 15, and the side frame support column 13 is also provided with a side frame rear lug plate 152 connected with the side frame rear baffle plate 14 for preventing the inward concave deformation of the side frame rear baffle plate 14; the middle frame support column 25 is provided with a middle frame front lug plate 251 which is connected with the middle frame front baffle plate 23 to prevent the middle frame front baffle plate 23 from being deformed inwards, and the middle frame support column 25 is also provided with a middle frame rear lug plate 252 which is connected with the middle frame rear baffle plate 24 to prevent the middle frame rear baffle plate 24 from being deformed inwards. The lug plate and the baffle plate can be particularly welded, bolted and the like.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the side support column 13 and the middle support column 25 are steel columns, and the shear pins 3 are welded on the upper ends of the side support column 13 and the outer Zhou Jun of the upper ends of the middle support column 25, so as to ensure the integrity between the side support column 13 and the side upper beam 113, and between the middle support column 25 and the middle upper beam 21. The side support posts 13 and middle support posts 25 may be of various cross-sectional shapes, rectangular in the figures. The side support columns 13 and the middle support column 25 can be solid columns or hollow structures on the premise of ensuring the support property.
For the fixed barricade of easy to assemble, the lower extreme of limit width of cloth prefabricated section 1 and middle width of cloth prefabricated section 2 all is equipped with vertical through-hole 9, limit width of cloth support column 13 and middle width of cloth support column 25 are hollow structure, the inner chamber of limit width of cloth support column 13 forms the through-hole 9 of limit width of cloth prefabricated section 1, the inner chamber of middle width of cloth support column 25 forms the through-hole 9 of middle width of cloth prefabricated section 2. As shown in fig. 6, the lower cast-in-place foundation can be poured through the through-hole downcomers 10 when the prefabricated wall is installed, and the through-hole can also serve as a foundation pouring function for discharging mud in the foundation pit, thereby facilitating the fixing of the retaining wall.
Claims (10)
1. The prefabricated retaining wall is characterized by comprising two side prefabricated blocks (1) and at least one middle prefabricated block (2);
The side frame precast block (1) comprises side frame support columns (13), side frame front baffles (15), side frame rear baffles (14) and a concrete part (11), wherein the concrete part (11) comprises a stand column part (111) and side frame upper beam parts (113) which are arranged up and down and side frame lower beam parts (112), the stand column part (111) is connected with the side frame upper beam parts (113) and the side frame lower beam parts (112) to form a concave structure with one end provided with grooves (12), the side frame support columns (13) are arranged in the grooves (12), the lower ends are connected with the side frame lower beam parts (112), the upper ends extend into the side frame upper beam parts (113), the side frame front baffles (15) and the side frame rear baffles (14) are respectively covered on the front side and the rear side of the grooves (12), connecting beam longitudinal ribs (16) which correspond to the top positions of the grooves (12) and are positioned below the upper ends of the side frame support columns (13) are arranged in the stand column parts (111), and the upper ends of the side frame support columns (13) are provided with connecting ribs (19) which are positioned in the upper beam areas to be connected with the side frame support columns (13);
The middle-frame precast block (2) comprises a middle-frame front baffle (23), a middle-frame rear baffle (24), middle-frame supporting columns (25), a middle-frame upper beam part (21) and a middle-frame lower beam part (22) which are arranged at intervals up and down and formed by concrete, wherein a middle cavity (26) is formed at intervals between the middle-frame upper beam part (21) and the middle-frame lower beam part (22), the middle-frame supporting columns (25) are arranged in the middle cavity (26), the middle-frame lower beam part (22) at the lower end extends into the middle-frame upper beam part (21), the middle-frame front baffle (23) and the middle-frame rear baffle (24) are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the middle cavity (26), and a to-be-spliced rib (19) for arranging a beam stirrup is also arranged in an area below the upper end of the middle-frame upper beam part (21);
Two the one end of recess (12) of limit width of cloth prefabricated section (1) sets up relatively, middle width of cloth prefabricated section (2) splice in proper order and set up two between limit width of cloth prefabricated section (1), and the one end of middle width of cloth upper beam portion (21) of middle width of cloth prefabricated section (2) of outermost is connected with limit width of cloth upper beam portion (113) of limit width of cloth prefabricated section (1) of corresponding end respectively, and the one end of middle width of cloth lower beam portion (22) is connected with limit width of cloth lower beam portion (112) of limit width of cloth prefabricated section (1) of corresponding end respectively to splice formation has by recess (12) and middle chamber (26) constitutes open area prefabricated barricade.
2. The prefabricated retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that splicing grooves (17) are formed in two ends of the side prefabricated blocks (1) and the middle prefabricated block (2), the splicing grooves (17) on two sides of the middle prefabricated block (2) are respectively communicated with the splicing grooves (17) of the side prefabricated blocks (1) on the corresponding sides to form a sealing groove, and connecting concrete (18) is poured in the sealing groove, so that the prefabricated retaining wall is formed by splicing.
3. The prefabricated retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the edge support column (13) is provided with an edge front lug plate (151) connected with the edge front baffle plate (15) for preventing the edge front baffle plate (15) from being deformed inwards, and the edge support column (13) is also provided with an edge rear lug plate (152) connected with the edge rear baffle plate (14) for preventing the edge rear baffle plate (14) from being deformed inwards; the middle frame support column (25) is provided with a middle frame front lug plate (251) which is connected with the middle frame front baffle plate (23) to prevent the middle frame front baffle plate (23) from being concavely deformed, and the middle frame support column (25) is also provided with a middle frame rear lug plate (252) which is connected with the middle frame rear baffle plate (24) to prevent the middle frame rear baffle plate (24) from being concavely deformed.
4. Prefabricated retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the side support columns (13) and the middle support column (25) are steel columns, and that the upper ends of the side support columns (13) and the outer periphery of the upper ends of the middle support column (25) are provided with shear pins (3).
5. Prefabricated retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower ends of the side prefabricated blocks (1) and the middle prefabricated blocks (2) are provided with vertically arranged through holes (9), the side supporting columns (13) and the middle supporting columns (25) are hollow structures, the inner cavities of the side supporting columns (13) form the through holes (9) of the side prefabricated blocks (1), and the inner cavities of the middle supporting columns (25) form the through holes (9) of the middle prefabricated blocks (2).
6. Prefabricated barricade limit width of cloth prefabricated block, its characterized in that includes limit width of cloth support column (13), limit width of cloth front bezel (15), limit width of cloth backplate (14) and concrete portion (11), concrete portion (11) include stand portion (111) and limit width of cloth entablature portion (113) that set up from top to bottom, with limit width of cloth entablature portion (112), stand portion (111) are connected with limit width of cloth entablature portion (113) and limit width of cloth entablature portion (112) and are formed the concave structure that one end was equipped with recess (12), limit width of cloth support column (13) set up in recess (12), and the lower extreme is connected with limit width of cloth entablature portion (112), and the upper end stretches into in limit width of cloth entablature portion (113), limit width of cloth front bezel (15) and limit width of cloth backplate (14) are respectively covered and are established the front and back both sides of recess (12), be equipped with in stand portion (111) and correspond and be located the connection crossbeam (16) below of limit width of cloth support column (13) upper end is equipped with the tie-up area of connecting rib (19) with limit width of cloth support column (13).
7. The prefabricated retaining wall side prefabricated section according to claim 6, wherein the two ends of the side prefabricated section (1) are provided with splicing grooves (17) for splicing with the middle side prefabricated section (2).
8. Prefabricated barricade middle width prefabricated block, its characterized in that, middle width prefabricated block (2) are including middle width front baffle (23), middle width backplate (24), middle width support column (25) to and middle width entablature portion (21) and middle width bottom end beam portion (22) that upper and lower interval set up and are formed by concrete, interval between middle width entablature portion (21) and middle width bottom end beam portion (22) forms middle chamber (26), middle width support column (25) set up in middle chamber (26), and middle width bottom end beam portion (22) of lower extreme, upper end stretches into in middle width entablature portion (21), middle width front baffle (23), middle width backplate (24) are covered respectively and are established the front and back both sides in middle chamber (26), be equipped with in the region of middle width entablature portion (21) in the below of middle width support column (25) upper end and set up beam stirrup and wait to connect muscle (19).
9. The prefabricated retaining wall middle-width prefabricated block according to claim 8, wherein the two ends of the middle-width prefabricated block (2) are provided with splicing grooves (17) for splicing with the side-width prefabricated blocks (1).
10. The prefabricated retaining wall hole-opening construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
Firstly, constructing the prefabricated retaining wall, wherein two side precast blocks (1) and at least one middle side precast block (2) are arranged at a hole opening position according to the position and the size of a hole opening area, the two side precast blocks (1) are arranged at two sides of the hole opening position, one ends of grooves (12) of the two side precast blocks (1) are oppositely arranged, the middle side precast blocks (2) are sequentially spliced and arranged between the two side precast blocks (1), one ends of middle side upper beam parts (21) of the middle side precast blocks (2) at the outermost ends are respectively connected with side upper beam parts (113) of the side precast blocks (1) at the corresponding ends, and one ends of middle side lower beam parts (22) are respectively connected with side lower beam parts (112) of the side precast blocks (1) at the corresponding ends, so that the positions of the grooves (12) and a middle cavity (26) form the hole opening area;
cutting off an edge front baffle (15), an edge rear baffle (14), a middle front baffle (23) and a middle rear baffle (24) when holes are needed to be opened when soil bodies on two sides of the prefabricated retaining wall are removed;
chiseling off concrete at the lower part of the side upper beam part (113), concrete at the lower part of the middle upper beam part (21) and concrete at the position where the connecting ribs (16) are arranged on the upright post part (111) to expose the ribs (19) to be connected and the connecting ribs (16);
Fourthly, arranging reinforcement cages (6) for hidden beams below the upper beam parts (113) of the side frames and the upper beam parts (21) of the middle frames, wherein the two ends of the longitudinal ribs (4) of the reinforcement cages (6) are respectively connected with connecting ribs (16) in corresponding side frame support columns (13) to realize fixation, and the stirrups (5) of the reinforcement cages (6) are connected with ribs (19) to be connected to realize fixation;
fifthly, pouring concrete into the formwork support of the reinforcement cage (6) to form a hidden beam (7);
and step six, cutting off redundant side support columns (13) and middle support columns (25) after the concrete strength of the hidden beam (7) meets the requirement.
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| CN202310122136.9A CN116290079B (en) | 2023-02-15 | 2023-02-15 | Prefabricated retaining wall, side prefabricated block, middle prefabricated block and hole-opening construction method thereof |
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| CN202310122136.9A CN116290079B (en) | 2023-02-15 | 2023-02-15 | Prefabricated retaining wall, side prefabricated block, middle prefabricated block and hole-opening construction method thereof |
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