CN116277868B - Manufacturing method of twin-screw extruders, twin-screw extruders - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of twin-screw extruders, twin-screw extruders

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Publication number
CN116277868B
CN116277868B CN202211726868.0A CN202211726868A CN116277868B CN 116277868 B CN116277868 B CN 116277868B CN 202211726868 A CN202211726868 A CN 202211726868A CN 116277868 B CN116277868 B CN 116277868B
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China
Prior art keywords
screw
curve segment
curve
segment
central angle
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CN202211726868.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN116277868A (en
Inventor
徐百平
吴桂群
喻慧文
肖书平
徐文华
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Wuyi University Fujian
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Wuyi University Fujian
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/507—Screws characterised by the material or their manufacturing process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/405—Intermeshing co-rotating screws
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种双螺杆的制作方法、双螺杆及挤出机，涉及但不仅限于挤出机设备技术领域，制作方法包括根据中心距确定在第一螺杆的第一横截面上一组相邻的根径和顶径形成的第一间插区域内间插的第一线径以及第一线径的数量；根据圆心角计算公式和第一曲线段计算公式，确定第一螺杆上设置的第一曲线段集；根据第一曲线段集的每一第三曲线段的第一圆心角，确定第一圆弧段集中各第一圆弧段的第二圆心角；在第二螺杆上确定与第一曲线段集对应的第二曲线段集及与第一圆弧段集对应的第二圆弧段集。根据第一曲线段集、第一圆弧段集、第二曲线段集以及第二圆弧段集分别制作第一螺杆和第二螺杆。本申请实施例能提升在轴向流动上的混合的促进效果。

This application provides a method for manufacturing a twin-screw extruder, a twin-screw extruder, and an extruder, relating to, but not limited to, the field of extruder equipment technology. The manufacturing method includes determining, based on the center distance, a first linear diameter and the number of first linear diameters interspersed within a first interspersed region formed by a set of adjacent root diameters and tip diameters on a first cross-section of the first screw; determining a first set of curve segments on the first screw based on a central angle calculation formula and a first curve segment calculation formula; determining a second central angle for each first arc segment in the first arc segment set based on the first central angle of each third curve segment in the first curve segment set; and determining a second set of curve segments corresponding to the first set of curve segments and a second set of arc segments corresponding to the first set of arc segments on the second screw. The first screw and the second screw are then manufactured based on the first set of curve segments, the first set of arc segments, the second set of curve segments, and the second set of arc segments, respectively. This application embodiment can improve the mixing promotion effect in axial flow.

Description

Manufacturing method of double screw, double screw and extruder
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of extruder equipment, in particular to a manufacturing method of a double screw, the double screw and an extruder.
Background
In the process of processing high polymer materials, a differential speed co-rotating double screw extruder is one of the most commonly used devices for mixing high polymers and composite materials thereof. Because the flowing main body of the high polymer in the extrusion process of the double-screw extruder advances along the + -shaped spiral, the movement mode of the fluid generates periodic flow along with the rotation of the screws, the two screws exchange flow in the meshing junction area, and because the screws adopt spiral configuration, the conveying unit generates axial dragging action in the rotation process, the axial circulation movement of the melt caused by the pressure gradient action enhances the mixing effect of the fluid, and especially the axial strengthening action at the position far away from the meshing area is more important, but the structures of the two screws of most of the existing homodromous double-screw extruders are completely consistent, and the rotating speeds of the two screws in the processing process of materials are the same. Because the structures of the two screws are the same, consistency of the geometric space experienced by the fluid in the advancing process of the two screws can be caused, the change of the geometric shape in the advancing process of the fluid is lacked, the effect of the shearing process is weakened, and the melt mixing effect is limited, so that the existing double-screw technology has poor promotion effect on mixing in the axial flow. Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a twin screw structure that promotes mixing in axial flow.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application mainly aims to provide a manufacturing method of a double screw, the double screw and an extruder, and aims to improve the mixing promotion effect on axial flow.
Determining a root diameter, a top diameter, a rotation speed ratio of the first screw and the second screw, and a center distance between the first screw and the second screw;
determining first wire diameters and the number of the first wire diameters which are inserted in a first insertion area formed by a group of adjacent root diameters and top diameters on a first cross section of a first screw rod according to the center distance;
determining a first curve segment set arranged on a first screw rod according to a preset central angle calculation formula and a first curve segment calculation formula, wherein the first curve segment set consists of a plurality of first curve segments obtained by inserting a first line in the first inserting area and a second curve segment formed by another group of adjacent root diameters and top diameters;
Determining a second central angle of each first circular arc section of the first circular arc section set on the first cross section according to a first central angle corresponding to each third curve section of the first curve section set;
manufacturing a first screw according to the first curve segment set and the first arc segment set;
Determining a second curve segment set corresponding to the first curve segment set and a second arc segment set corresponding to the first arc segment set on a second screw, wherein the central angle ratio of each fourth curve segment in the second curve segment set to the corresponding third curve segment is the rotation speed ratio, and the central angle ratio of each second arc segment in the second arc segment set to the corresponding first arc segment is the rotation speed ratio;
And manufacturing a second screw rod according to the second curve segment set and the second arc segment set.
An extruder according to some embodiments of the second aspect of the present application comprises:
The inner cavity of the machine barrel is provided with two intersected cylindrical grooves;
A twin screw made by the method of any of the first aspects, a first screw of the twin screw being located in one of the cylindrical grooves and a second screw of the twin screw being located in the other of the cylindrical grooves.
According to the manufacturing method of the double screw, the double screw and the extruder, the plurality of first curve segments are arranged between one group of adjacent root diameters and top diameters of the first screw, the second curve segments are arranged between the other group of adjacent root diameters and top diameters, so that the first screw is asymmetric, the cross section area of the first screw can be increased, a wedge-shaped space is formed between the first screw and the inner side wall of a containing cavity containing the first screw, the wedge-shaped space is in a descending or ascending trend along with the rotation of the first screw, meanwhile, the first curve segment set is determined through a central angle calculation formula and a first curve segment calculation formula, the second curve segment set corresponding to the first curve segment set and the second curve segment set are arranged on the second screw, and the meshing point of the first screw and the second screw rotating in the same direction and different in speed is more complex, and accordingly materials are subjected to stronger disturbance and mixing effects.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a double screw according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a structure of a twin screw according to an embodiment of the present application when engaged;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a twin screw cross section of one embodiment of the present application providing a speed ratio of 2:1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the twin screw shown in FIG. 3 in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a twin screw section of another embodiment of the present application having a speed ratio of 2:1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of the cavity volumes of two examples of twin screws made in the examples of the present application with a conventional screw;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the relationship between the sum of the top and bottom angles of a twin-screw made in accordance with an embodiment of the present application and the number of first curve segments;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the movement trace of the meshing point of the twin-screw fabricated in the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a conventional twin screw technique and a motion profile of a meshing point;
FIG. 10 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the first screw of the twin-screw of FIG. 3, made in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the first screw of the twin-screw of FIG. 5, made in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an extruder provided by the present application.
Reference numerals:
Barrel 100, conveying section 110, feed port 111, melting section 120, exhaust section 130, exhaust port 131, kneading extrusion section 140, discharge port 141,
A first screw 210, a second screw 220,
The flow channel 300.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of the application only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description of the application and in the above figures, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the disclosure. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the disclosed aspects may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, devices, steps, etc. In other instances, well-known methods, devices, implementations, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the disclosure.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of the application only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the manufacturing method includes:
Step S100, determining the root diameter, the tip diameter, the rotation speed ratio of the first screw 210 and the second screw 220, and the center distance between the first screw 210 and the second screw 220.
The speed ratio being an irreducible number, e.g. speed ratio1:3, Either 2:3 or 2:1.
The root diameter and the tip diameter of the first screw 210 and the second screw 220 are the same.
Step S200, determining a first wire diameter and the number of first wire diameters inserted in a first insertion area formed by a group of adjacent root diameters and top diameters on a first cross section of the first screw 210 according to the center distance.
The first wire diameter in the first screw 210 is a transition wire diameter, and one end of the first wire diameter is a center of the first screw 210. Since the first screw 210 and the second screw 220 are always engaged, there is a second wire diameter corresponding to the first wire diameter one by one in the second screw 220, and at this time, the first wire diameter is more simply confirmed by determining the length of the first wire diameter based on the center distance. Assuming that there are k intervening wire diameters in the first intervening region, it satisfies the expression R < R l1<...<Rlk < R for each wire diameter, where R is the root diameter and R is the top diameter.
Step S300, determining a first curve segment set on the first screw 210 according to a preset central angle calculation formula and a first curve segment calculation formula, where the first curve segment set is composed of a plurality of first curve segments obtained by inserting a first line in a first inserting area and a second curve segment formed by another group of adjacent root diameters and top diameters.
It should be noted that, when the first curve is determined, only the number of first curve segments interleaved in the first interleaved region can be determined, the central angle calculation formula is used for calculating the first central angle of each first curve segment and each second curve segment, and the first curve segment calculation formula is used for determining the polar diameter of each first curve segment and the polar diameter of each second curve segment. Therefore, the central angles and the polar diameters of the first curve segment and the second curve segment can be further defined through the central angle calculation formula and the first curve segment calculation formula.
It should be noted that the number of second curve segments is one, and the number of first curve segments may be obtained through multiple experiments or may be determined based on the relationship between the first curve segments and the sum of angles of the remaining top angles and bottom angles (i.e., root diameters and central angles corresponding to the top diameters) shown in fig. 7. Illustratively, referring to fig. 7, when the first curve segment is provided with 2, the remaining 131.24 ° may be assigned to the top and bottom angles, when the first curve segment is provided with, the remaining 47.16 ° may be assigned to the top and bottom angles, and so on.
For example, referring to fig. 4, 3 first line diameters with different lengths are inserted in the first insertion area O 1A0A7 in fig. 4, so as to obtain first curve segments a 0A1、A2A3、A4A5、A6A7 respectively, and corresponding first central angles are θ l1、θl2、θl3、θl4 respectively. The second curve segment a 01A02 is formed by an adjacent set of root diameter O 1A02 and tip diameter O 1A01.
Step S400, determining a second central angle of each first arc section in the first arc section set on the first cross section according to the first central angle corresponding to each third curve section in the first curve section set.
The third curve segment is used to represent each member in the first curve segment set, that is, the first curve segment and the second curve segment are both third curve segments.
It should be noted that, because the circumferential angle is 360 degrees, in the case of determining the first central angle, the sum of the central angles corresponding to each first arc segment of the first arc segment set is clear, and at this time, an angle may be allocated to each arc segment according to the requirement, so as to determine the second central angle. It should be noted that the distribution may be performed in an equal manner or in a proportional manner, and thus, the embodiments of the present application do not impose excessive constraints here.
It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the first arc segment set is composed of first arc segments corresponding to the root diameter and the top diameter, and in other embodiments, a transition arc is interposed between each first curve segment, so that the first arc segment set is composed of the transition arc and the first arc segments corresponding to the root diameter and the top diameter.
Step S500, manufacturing a first screw 210 according to the first curve segment set and the first arc segment set.
In the case where the central angle and each polar diameter of the third curved section are determined, the manufacturing parameters of the third curved section of the first cross section on the first screw 210 may be determined, and in the case where the central angle and the radius of the first circular arc section are determined, the manufacturing parameters of the first circular arc section may be determined, so that the first screw 210 may be determined.
Step S600, determining a second curve segment set corresponding to the first curve segment set and a second arc segment set corresponding to the first arc segment set on the second screw 220, where a central angle ratio of each fourth curve segment in the second curve segment set to the corresponding third curve segment is a rotation speed ratio, and a central angle ratio of each second arc segment in the second arc segment set to the corresponding first arc segment is a rotation speed ratio.
It should be noted that, the corresponding arrangement of the first curve segment set and the second curve segment set indicates that meshing points exist between the corresponding third curve segment and the fourth curve segment of each group. In the process of manufacturing the second screw 220, a second wire diameter corresponding to the first wire diameter is determined to be inserted in a second insertion area corresponding to the first insertion area on the second screw 220, the sum of the first wire diameter and the corresponding second wire diameter is the center distance between the first screw 210 and the second screw 220, that is, the sum of the i-th large second wire diameter and the i-th small first wire diameter is the center distance, and the exemplary case is that the first wire diameter R lk satisfies R < R l1<...<Rlk < R, the corresponding second wire diameter R rk is as follows, and satisfies R < R rk<...<Rr1 < R, wherein the sum of R r1 and R lk is the center distance. The sum of the maximum polar diameter of the fourth curve segment and the minimum polar diameter of the corresponding third curve segment is the center distance. At this time, since the first screw 210 and the second screw 220 move in the same direction and differentially, the corresponding polar diameter of one screw increases along with the increase of the polar diameter of the curved section of the other screw in the rotational speed direction, so that the two screws have engagement points at different positions, and therefore, the engagement track of the first screw 210 and the second screw 220 is more complex due to the corresponding arrangement of the first screw 210 and the second screw 220.
And step S700, manufacturing the second screw 220 according to the second curve segment set and the second arc segment set.
Therefore, by arranging a plurality of first curve segments between a group of adjacent root diameters and top diameters of the first screw rod 210, and arranging a second curve segment between another group of adjacent root diameters and top diameters, the first screw rod 210 is asymmetric, and the cross-sectional area of the first screw rod 210 can be increased, so that a wedge-shaped space is formed between the first screw rod 210 and the inner side wall of a containing cavity containing the first screw rod 210, and the wedge-shaped space is in a descending or ascending trend along with the rotation of the first screw rod 210, meanwhile, the first curve segment set is determined by a central angle calculation formula and a first curve segment calculation formula, and the second curve segment set corresponding to the first curve segment set, the first curve segment set and the second curve segment set are arranged on the second screw rod 220, so that the meshing point of the first screw rod 210 and the second screw rod 220 rotating in the same direction and differential speed is more complex, and the materials are subjected to stronger disturbance action and mixing effect.
The two screws are in a form of unchanged cross section structure, so that the manufacturing process of the screws is relatively simple, and symmetry between the two screws is avoided. Moreover, the cross-sectional profile of the first screw 210 is completely asymmetric, and the extrusion and stretching mixing effect of the co-directional differential twin-screw molding apparatus can be enhanced by using the asymmetric effect of the screws.
It should be noted that, the twin screws obtained in the steps S100 to S700 are always meshed when they rotate in the same direction as shown in fig. 2.
It can be appreciated that determining the first curve segment set on the first screw 210 according to the preset central angle calculation formula and the first curve segment calculation formula includes:
Respectively determining first central angles corresponding to the first curve segment and the second curve segment according to a central angle calculation formula;
Determining the polar diameters of the first curve segment and the second curve segment respectively according to a first curve segment calculation formula;
The central angle calculation formula comprises a formula I and a formula II, wherein the formula I and the formula II are as follows:
Formula one:
Formula II:
wherein, θ li is the first central angle corresponding to the first curve segment, and θ l0 is the first central angle corresponding to the second curve segment; the method is characterized in that the rotation speed ratio is equal to M and N, the center distance is equal to C, R li、Rl(i+1) is respectively the minimum polar diameter and the maximum polar diameter of a first curve section corresponding to theta li, D is 2R, R is the top diameter, the value range of i is 1-K+1, and K is the number of the first linear diameters.
It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the first central angle and the second central angle may be determined based on a polar radius formula and a polar angle formula, where the polar radius formula is as follows: The polar angle formula is as follows: R min is the minimum radius of the curved segment. At this time, since the minimum and maximum polar diameters of one curve segment are determined, cos ε max corresponding to the maximum polar diameter can be determined based on the polar diameter formula, so that ψ (ε max) corresponding to ε max (i.e., the first or second central angle θ li or θ l0 to be solved) can be solved according to cos ε max, thereby obtaining the above formula one and formula two.
It is understood that the first curve segment calculation formula includes the following formula three and four:
Formula III:
Formula IV:
Wherein ρ li (ε) is the polar diameter of the first curve segment corresponding to θ li, and ρ l0 (ε) is the polar diameter of the second curve segment.
It should be noted that epsilon is an auxiliary positioning angle and is a variable value.
In some embodiments, ε 1 passes through the minimum and maximum polar diameters of the corresponding first curve segment through the polar angle formulaAnd (5) determining.
It can be understood that the first arc segment set consists of arcs corresponding to the root diameter and the top diameter, or the first arc segment set consists of transition arcs and arcs corresponding to the root diameter and the top diameter, and the determining the second central angle of each first arc segment of the first arc segment set on the first cross section according to the first central angle corresponding to each third curve segment of the first curve segment set comprises:
Subtracting each first central angle from 2 pi to obtain an angle sum value, wherein the angle sum value is the sum of the second central angles of each first arc section;
and (3) evenly distributing the angles and the values according to the number of the first circular arc sections, and determining each second central angle.
It should be noted that, when the angle sum is larger, a transition arc may be inserted between two adjacent first curve segments, thereby further increasing the complexity of the movement track of the engagement point. A transition arc may be disposed between each adjacent two of the first curve segments.
It is appreciated that determining a second set of curvilinear segments on the second screw 220 corresponding to the first set of curvilinear segments includes:
determining fourth curve segments corresponding to each third curve segment one by one according to a preset second curve segment calculation formula, a rotation speed ratio and each first central angle to obtain a second curve segment set;
Wherein the relationship between the third central angle of the fourth curve segment and the first central angle of the third curve segment is as follows:
formula five:
Wherein, θ ri represents a third central angle, and θ li represents a first central angle corresponding to θ ri;
The second curve segment calculation formula includes a formula six and a formula seven, where the formula six and the formula seven are as follows:
formula six:
formula seven:
Wherein, psi (epsilon) is the polar angle of the fourth curve segment corresponding to theta ri, rho ri (epsilon) is the polar diameter of the fourth curve segment corresponding to theta ri, and R l(i+1) is the maximum polar diameter of the fourth curve segment corresponding to theta ri.
Illustratively, referring to FIG. 4, the rotation speed ratio of the first screw 210 to the second screw 220 is 2:1, the second curved line segment A 01A02 is arranged corresponding to the fourth curved line segment B 01B02, and the central angle of B 01B02 isThe first curve segment A 0A1 and the fourth curve segment B 0B1 are correspondingly arranged, and the central angle of B 0B1 is as follows with reference to the above-mentioned figure 5
It is understood that the fourth curve segment corresponding to the first curve segment is provided as a straight line.
It should be noted that, in some embodiments, when the number of the first curved sections is greater than the preset threshold, the connection lines of the endpoints corresponding to the first curved sections in the second screw 220 approach a straight line, so that the connection lines of the endpoints corresponding to the first curved sections in the first screw 210 in the second screw 220 (i.e., the fourth curved sections corresponding to the first curved sections) may be all set as fold lines, thereby simplifying the production process of the screw, avoiding the constraint of engineering formulas, and improving the manufacturing efficiency.
It is understood that the number of first curve segments ranges from 2 to 8.
It is understood that the ratio of the number of screw heads of the first screw 210 and the second screw 220 is inversely proportional to the rotation speed ratio.
It should be noted that by setting the screw head ratio to be inversely proportional to the rotation speed ratio, the stability of the twin screw during operation can be increased.
For example, referring to fig. 1 to 3, it is assumed that the rotation ratio of the first screw 210 to the second screw 220 is M: N. The general cross-sectional structure is drawn below with M: N as the rotation speed ratio.
For the first screw 210, K transition polar diameters R li are set between the root diameter R and the screw tip diameter R of the first screw 210 such that R < R l1<...<Rlk < R, i=1; then a first curve segment of K+1 sections is generated, transition arcs corresponding to K polar diameters are added, the central angle corresponding to the transition arcs is represented by delta i, and the added transition arcs of K sections and the first curve segment of K+1 sections are connected alternately, as shown in figure 3 (O 1A01、O1A00 is the top diameter, and O 1A02、O1A0 is the root diameter).
Referring to fig. 3, for the second curved section a 01A02 of the first screw 210, the non-circular curve arc between the root diameter R and the tip diameter R of the connecting screw is represented by O 1 as the center, O 1A02 as the polar axis, and the counterclockwise direction is positive, and given the auxiliary angle epsilon, there is:
The corresponding pole diameters are as follows:
the corresponding polar angle is:
at this time, the central angle corresponding to the second curve segment a 01A02 is:
Further, for any one of the first curve sections A iAi+1 of the first screw 210, O 1 is used as a center, O 1Ai is used as a polar axis, clockwise is used as positive, and an auxiliary angle is set Then there are:
polar diameter corresponding to the first curve segment A iAi+1
Corresponding polar angle
Central angle corresponding to the first curve segment A iAi+1
Wherein, the
Here, R li、Rl(i+1) represents the minimum and maximum diameters, respectively, corresponding to the first curved section a iAi+1 of the first screw 210.
According to the selected polar diameter R li, the sum of corresponding central angles of K+1 first curve segments formed by K polar diameters can be obtained, and finally, the sum of the vertex angle alpha and the base angle lambda of the first screw 210 and the central angle delta i corresponding to each transition arc is determined to satisfy the following formula: At this time, the angle sum value can be determined as And performing angle distribution on the angle sum value according to a preset distribution rule.
At this time, referring to fig. 3, in the second screw 220, when K transition polar diameters R ri are provided between the root diameter R and the screw tip diameter R of the second screw 220 so that R (R r0)<Rr1<Rr2…<Rri<…RrK<R(Rr(K+1)), there will be similarly generated (k+1) fourth curved segments B iBi+1, i=1, where the first curved segments and the corresponding fourth curved segments are operated in mesh with each other.
For any section of curve B iBi+1 of the second screw 220, with O 2 as the center of a circle, O 2Bi+1 as the polar axis, the anticlockwise direction is positive, and given the auxiliary angle ε, there are:
The pole diameter corresponding to B iBi+1 is: wherein R l(i+1) represents the maximum diameter of B iBi+1.
The polar angle θ ri corresponding to B iBi+1 of the second screw 220 is: Wherein θ li is the first central angle of the first screw 210 corresponding to B iBi+1.
Wherein the auxiliary angle is epsilon, the corresponding polar angle is phi (epsilon), and the auxiliary angle is relative to the rotation speed ratioThe function of the change of the center distance C and the transition pole diameter is as follows:
Similarly, R is substituted as the maximum diameter and R is substituted as the minimum diameter into the polar diameter and polar angle formula for the fourth curve segment corresponding to the second curve segment, and the polar diameter and central angle corresponding to the fourth curve segment can be obtained.
For example, referring to fig. 4, the rotation speed ratio of the first screw 210 to the second screw 220 is 2:1, the corresponding number of heads is 1:2, 3 transition pole diameters are set, that is, k=3, and 3 transition arcs and 4 non-arc curves are added.
For the second curved section a 01A02 of the first screw 210, i.e. the non-circular curve arc between the root diameter R and the tip diameter R of the connecting screw, which is represented by O 1 as the center, O 1A02 as the polar axis, the counterclockwise direction is positive, given the auxiliary angle epsilon, there is:
The corresponding pole diameters are as follows:
the corresponding polar angle is:
at this time, the central angle θ l0 corresponding to the non-circular curve arc a 01A02 is:
Further, for any section of non-circular curve arc A iAi+1 of the first screw 210, the auxiliary angle is set by taking O 1 as the center of a circle, O 1Ai as the polar axis and clockwise as the positive direction Then there are:
The pole diameter corresponding to A iAi+1 is:
the corresponding polar angle is:
The central angle θ li corresponding to the non-circular curve arc a iAi+1 is:
Wherein, the
Here, R li、Rl(i+1) represents the minimum and maximum diameters corresponding to the curve arc a iAi+1 of the first screw 210, respectively.
According to the selected polar diameter R li, the sum of central angles corresponding to K+1 curve arcs formed by K polar diameters can be obtained, and finally, the sum of the vertex angle alpha and the base angle gamma of the first screw 210 and the central angle delta i corresponding to each transition polar diameter is determined to meet the following formula:
Further, for the second screw 220, between the screw root diameter R and the screw top diameter R, 3 transition polar diameters R ri are also set, so that r(Rr0)<Rr1<Rr2…<Rri<Rri+1<…RrK<R(Rr(K+1)), will generate (k+1) curve arcs B i+1Bi, i=1..k, at which time the first screw 210 and the second screw 220 are operated in meshed engagement with each other corresponding to the curve arc a iAi+1 and the curve arc B i+1Bi.
For the fourth curved section B 01B02 of the second screw 220, with O 2 as the center, O 2B01 as the polar axis, clockwise positive, given the auxiliary angle epsilon, there is:
For any fourth curve segment B i+1Bi of the second screw 220, O 2 is used as the center of a circle, O 2Bi+1 is used as the polar axis, the anticlockwise direction is positive, and given the auxiliary angle epsilon, there is
The pole diameter corresponding to B i+1Bi is: wherein R l(i+1) represents the maximum diameter of B iBi+1.
The polar angle θ ri corresponding to B i+1Bi of the second screw 220 is: Wherein θ li is the first central angle of the first screw 210 corresponding to B iBi+1.
Wherein the auxiliary angle is epsilon, the corresponding polar angle is phi (epsilon), and the auxiliary angle is relative to the rotation speed ratioChange function of center distance C and transition radius R li:
it should be noted that, on the premise of ensuring the normal use of the first screw 210 and the second screw 220, the more non-circular curves on the surfaces of the grooves of the conical twin-screw device, the more wedge-shaped pressurizing is performed, and the stronger the axial extrusion capability is caused by the cone angle.
For example, referring to fig. 5, the rotation speed ratio of the first screw 210 to the second screw 220 is 2:1, the corresponding number of heads is 1:2, 6 transition polar diameters are set, that is, k=6, and 7 non-circular curves are added, so that for the non-circular curve arc a 01A02 of the first screw 210, that is, the non-circular curve arc between the root diameter R and the top diameter R of the connecting screw appears to be centered on O 1, O 1A02 is polar axis, the counterclockwise direction is positive, and given the auxiliary angle epsilon, there are:
The corresponding pole diameters are as follows:
the corresponding polar angle is:
at this time, the central angle corresponding to the non-circular curve arc a 01A02 is:
Further, for any section of non-circular curve arc A iAi+1 of the first screw 210, the auxiliary angle is set by taking O 1 as the center of a circle, O 1Ai as the polar axis and clockwise as the positive direction Then there are:
polar diameter corresponding to the first curve segment A iAi+1
Corresponding polar angle
The central angle θ li corresponding to the non-circular curve arc a iAi+1 is:
Wherein the method comprises the steps of
Here, R li、Rl(i+1) represents the minimum and maximum diameters, respectively, corresponding to the first curved section a iAi+1 of the first screw 210.
According to the selected polar diameter R li, the sum of central angles corresponding to K+1 curve arcs formed by K polar diameters can be obtained, and finally, the sum of the vertex angle alpha and the base angle lambda of the first screw 210 and the central angle delta i corresponding to each transition arc is determined to meet the following formula: At this time, the angle sum value can be determined as And performing angle distribution on the angle sum value according to a preset distribution rule.
Further, referring to fig. 5, for the second screw 220, 6 transition polar diameters R r() are also set between the screw root diameter R and the screw top diameter R, so that R (R r0)<Rr1<Rr2…<Rri<…RrK<R(Rr(K+1)), 14 third curved sections B iBi+1, i=1, and K will likewise be generated, but the curved arc of the double-threaded second screw 220 approaches a straight line, so that the constraint of the engineering formula is omitted in order to simplify the production process of the screw, the second screw 220 is replaced by straight lines except for the curved lines of the base angle, the top angle and the wrap angle, and all the remaining third curved sections are replaced by straight lines, at this time, the first screw 210 corresponds to Qu Xianhu the second screw 220 corresponds to the straight line B iBi+1, i=1, and K is operated in a meshed manner.
For the non-circular curve arc B 01B02 of the second screw 220, with O 2 as the center of a circle, O 2B01 as the polar axis, clockwise is positive, and given the auxiliary angle ε, there is:
For any section of curve B i+1Bi of the second screw 220, with O 2 as the center, O 2Bi+1 as the polar axis, the anticlockwise direction is positive, and the given auxiliary angle epsilon is that
The radius of the curve corresponding to the arc B i+1Bi is:
The polar angle θ ri corresponding to the curve arc B i+1Bi of the second screw 220 is: Wherein θ li is the first central angle of the first screw 210 corresponding to B iBi+1.
Wherein the auxiliary angle is epsilon, the corresponding polar angle is phi (epsilon), and the auxiliary angle is relative to the rotation speed ratioChange function of center distance C and transition radius R li:
it can be understood that referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a twin-screw manufactured according to the manufacturing method of the twin-screw according to the embodiment of the present application.
It should be noted that, in the case that the center distances are both 30 and the diameters D are both 35, the cavity volumes of the conventional constant-speed twin-screw, the differential twin-screw, the example 1 of the twin-screw manufactured by the present application (the first endpoint connecting line set includes the third arc segment and the first curve segment), and the example 2 of the twin-screw (the first endpoint connecting line set includes only the first curve segment) are compared, as shown in fig. 6. The double-screw has smaller inner cavity volume, and the mixing effect is improved by reducing the inner cavity volume.
It should be noted that, after a plurality of first diameters are added between the root diameters and the top diameters of the first screw 210 and a plurality of second diameters are added in a plurality of second screws 220, a motion track diagram of a meshing point of the increase of the twin screws with time is more complex, so that symmetry is broken, taking the twin screws in fig. 4 as an example, a motion track of the twin screws is shown in fig. 8, meshing points of a first arc segment a 00A01 segment corresponding to the top diameter of the first screw 210 and a first arc segment B 00B01 segment corresponding to the root diameters of the second screws 220 in fig. 4 are a 701 in fig. 8, meshing points of a first arc segment a 0A02 segment corresponding to the root diameters of the first screws 210 and a first arc segment B 02B0 corresponding to the root diameters of the second screws 220 are a 020, and meshing points of other first arc segments of the first screws 210 and corresponding second screws 220 with center distances are a 12、A34、A56, respectively. With the center distance O 1O2 between the first screw 210 and the second screw 220 as a boundary, it can be seen that the upper portion of O 1O2 is an upper meshing area, the lower portion of O 1O2 is a lower meshing area, the melting section 120 mainly occurs in the lower meshing area, and the meshing point movement track of the lower meshing area is in a half-wave disturbance state, compared with the meshing point movement track of the conventional constant-speed twin-screw extruder shown in fig. 9 (the center distance between the two screws is taken as the boundary in fig. 9, the movement track of the meshing point is vertically and laterally symmetrical, and only one wave disturbance effect is provided, so that the lower sufficient extrusion stretching and disturbance effect can not be performed on the materials), the twin-screw in the embodiment of the application can increase more meshing points, so that the meshing area is increased, and the materials are subjected to stronger disturbance effect and mixing effect in the meshing point due to the complex movement track of the meshing point.
For example, referring to fig. 4 and 5, according to the method for manufacturing a twin-screw according to the present application, the first screw 210 shown in fig. 4 may be manufactured with a transition arc inserted between the first curved sections, or the first screw 210 shown in fig. 5 may be manufactured without a transition arc in the first curved sections. The first screw 210 and the second screw 220 manufactured according to the embodiment of the present application are tapered, taking the first screw 210 in fig. 4 as an example, and referring to fig. 10, the included angles between the inner wall surface of the barrel 100 and the surface of the screw, which are approximately straight, are referred to as taper angles β 1, wherein A′00、A′01、A′02、A′03、A′1、A′2、A′3、A′4、A′5 and a '6 correspond to a 7、A01、A02、A0、A1、A2、A3、A4、A5 and a 6, respectively, of the cross-sectional structure diagram of fig. 4, and taking the first screw 210 in fig. 5 as an example, the included angles between the inner wall surface of the barrel 100 and the surface of the screw, which are approximately straight, are referred to as taper angles β 2, wherein A′00、A′01、A′02、A′03、A′1、A′2、A′3、A′4、A′5 and a' 6 correspond to a 7、A01、A02、A0、A1、A2、A3、A4、A5 and a 6, respectively, of the cross-sectional structure diagram of fig. 5.
It can be appreciated that an extruder according to an embodiment of the present application includes:
the machine barrel 100, wherein the inner cavity of the machine barrel 100 is provided with two intersected cylindrical grooves;
Twin screws are made by the method of making twin screws as described above, with a first screw 210 of a twin screw being located in one of the cylindrical grooves and a second screw 220 of a twin screw being located in the other cylindrical groove.
For the extruder, referring to fig. 12, the procedure was as follows:
After the material enters the machine barrel 100 from the feed inlet 111, the first screw 210 and the second screw 220 rotate in the same direction and in a differential speed, and after the material enters the solid conveying section 110, the material is forced to move towards the discharge outlet 141 under the conveying action of differential rotation positive displacement and friction dragging of the first screw 210 and the second screw 220.
When the materials are conveyed to the melting section 120, the first screw 210 and the second screw 220 rotate along the respective axes at a differential speed to generate periodical compression and expansion conveying spaces to convey the materials, wherein the two screws are always meshed with each other in the rotation process of the first screw 210 and the second screw 220, the materials are extruded and acted to generate premelting due to the meshing action of an upper meshing zone and a lower meshing zone and the extrusion stretching action of the materials, which are far away from the meshing zone, caused by the wedge-shaped clearance, the materials are extruded and acted to generate friction heat, meanwhile, the materials are further melted and mixed under the combined action of the external heating of the machine barrel 100, and the melting and mixing processes of the materials are accelerated by the interaction of the first screw 210 and the second screw 220, so that the materials become melt;
After the melt enters the exhaust section 130, the rotation of the first screw 210 and the second screw 220 continuously turns over and forcedly peels off the materials adhered to the screws, the rotation speed of the first screw 210 and the second screw 220 enables the force field in the runner 300 to be unbalanced, a stretching force field, an extrusion effect and an axial mixing effect are generated on the materials, the gas is accelerated to be discharged from the exhaust port 131, and the melt moves further towards the direction of the discharge port 141;
After the melt enters the mixing extrusion section 140, the melt moves forward under the action of periodical compression and expansion spaces generated by the rotation action of the first screw 210 and the second screw 220, the meshing action of the upper meshing area and the lower meshing area and the extrusion stretching action of materials far away from the meshing area caused by wedge-shaped gaps further strengthen the mixing plasticization of the materials, and meanwhile, the mutual wiping action between the first screw 210 and the second screw 220 realizes the self-cleaning action and the extrusion stretching action, so that the melt is stably extruded from the discharge port 141.
The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and are not thereby limiting the scope of the claims of the embodiments of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the embodiments of the present application shall fall within the scope of the claims of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A method of making a twin screw, the method comprising:
Determining a root diameter, a top diameter, a rotation speed ratio of the first screw and the second screw, and a center distance between the first screw and the second screw;
determining first wire diameters and the number of the first wire diameters which are inserted in a first insertion area formed by a group of adjacent root diameters and top diameters on a first cross section of a first screw rod according to the center distance;
determining a first curve segment set arranged on a first screw rod according to a preset central angle calculation formula and a first curve segment calculation formula, wherein the first curve segment set consists of a plurality of first curve segments obtained by inserting a first line in the first inserting area and a second curve segment formed by another group of adjacent root diameters and top diameters;
Determining a second central angle of each first circular arc section of the first circular arc section set on the first cross section according to a first central angle corresponding to each third curve section of the first curve section set;
manufacturing a first screw according to the first curve segment set and the first arc segment set;
Determining a second curve segment set corresponding to the first curve segment set and a second arc segment set corresponding to the first arc segment set on a second screw, wherein the central angle ratio of each fourth curve segment in the second curve segment set to the corresponding third curve segment is the rotation speed ratio, and the central angle ratio of each second arc segment in the second arc segment set to the corresponding first arc segment is the rotation speed ratio;
And manufacturing a second screw rod according to the second curve segment set and the second arc segment set.
2. The method for manufacturing a twin-screw according to claim 1, wherein determining the first curve segment set provided on the first screw according to the preset central angle calculation formula and the first curve segment calculation formula comprises:
Respectively determining first central angles corresponding to each first curve segment and each second curve segment according to the central angle calculation formula;
Determining the polar diameters of the first curve segment and the second curve segment according to the first curve segment calculation formula;
wherein the central angle calculation formula comprises a formula I and a formula II as follows:
Formula one: ,;
Formula II: ;
Wherein, the A first central angle corresponding to the first curve segment; A first central angle corresponding to the second curve segment; is the rotation speed ratio and AndIrreducible; The center distance is the center distance; 、 Respectively is The minimum and maximum diameters of the corresponding first curve segment,Is that,Is the top diameter; the value range of (1) is 1-K+1, and K is the number of the first wire diameters.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first curve segment calculation formula includes the following formula three and formula four:
Formula III: ;
Formula IV: ;
Wherein, the Is thatThe polar diameter of the corresponding first curve segment; Is the polar diameter of the second curve segment.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the first arc segment set is composed of arcs corresponding to the root diameter and the top diameter, or the first arc segment set is composed of transition arcs and arcs corresponding to the root diameter and the top diameter, and the determining the second central angle of each first arc segment of the first arc segment set on the first cross section according to the first central angle corresponding to each third curve segment of the first curve segment set comprises:
Subtracting the first central angles from 2 pi to obtain angles and values, wherein the angles and the values are the sum of the second central angles of the first arc sections;
And carrying out average distribution on the angles and the values according to the number of the first circular arc sections, and determining each second central angle.
5. A method of making a twin screw according to claim 2, wherein said determining a second set of curvilinear segments on a second screw corresponding to said first set of curvilinear segments comprises:
Determining fourth curve segments corresponding to each third curve segment one by one according to a preset second curve segment calculation formula, the rotation speed ratio and each first central angle, and obtaining a second curve segment set;
wherein the relationship between the third central angle of the fourth curve segment and the first central angle of the third curve segment is as follows:
formula five: ;
Wherein, the The third central angle is indicated as such,Representation ofA corresponding first central angle;
wherein the second curve segment calculation formula includes formula six and formula seven as follows:
formula six: ;
formula seven: ;
Wherein, the Is thatPolar angle of the corresponding fourth curve segment; Is that The polar diameter of the corresponding fourth curve segment; Is that The maximum diameter of the corresponding fourth curve segment; To assist the angle, the Is the inverse of the rotation speed ratio.
6. A method of producing a twin screw according to claim 1, wherein a fourth curved section corresponding to the first curved section is provided as a straight line.
7. The method for manufacturing a double screw according to claim 1, wherein the number of the first curve segments ranges from 2 to 8.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the ratio of the number of screw heads of the first screw to the number of screw heads of the second screw is inversely proportional to the ratio of rotation.
9. A twin screw produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An extruder, which comprises a die-casting die, characterized by comprising the following steps:
The inner cavity of the machine barrel is provided with two intersected cylindrical grooves;
twin-screw, produced by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, a first screw of which is located in one of said cylindrical grooves and a second screw of which is located in the other of said cylindrical grooves.
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