CN116181326A

CN116181326A - Multifunctional tunneling machine

Info

Publication number: CN116181326A
Application number: CN202310006362.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 岳晓虎; 白雪峰; 赵宇阳; 马平辉; 段景曦; 贺宇航; 田原; 王帅; 陈宁; 王传武; 秦彦凯; 王学成; 马昭; 赵肖敏; 杨春海
Original assignee: Taiyuan Institute of China Coal Technology and Engineering Group; Shanxi Tiandi Coal Mining Machinery Co Ltd
Current assignee: Taiyuan Institute of China Coal Technology and Engineering Group; Shanxi Tiandi Coal Mining Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-01-04
Filing date: 2023-01-04
Publication date: 2023-05-30

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional tunneling machine which comprises a frame body, wherein travelling mechanisms are arranged on two sides of the frame body, the frame body comprises a frame component, a telescopic mechanism is arranged above the frame component, the telescopic mechanism comprises a slideway fixed above the frame component and a slideway arranged on the slideway, a telescopic pushing oil cylinder is arranged between the rear end of the slideway and the frame component and used for driving the slideway to move in the front-back direction on the slideway, a rotary support is fixedly connected on the slideway, a rotary lug frame capable of rotating with the axis of the rotary support as the center is arranged on the rotary support, the rotary lug frame is connected with a cutting mechanism capable of swinging up and down for tunneling, and a full-width loading mechanism for collecting materials is arranged in front of the frame component. The whole telescopic mechanism has large bearing area, has an impact resistance function, realizes full-width loading, reduces frequent movement of loading of the whole machine and improves loading efficiency.

Description

Multifunctional tunneling machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of heading machines, in particular to a multifunctional heading machine.

Background

The tunneling machine is used for excavating an underground roadway or a non-coal tunnel, and the traditional cantilever tunneling machine has simple tunneling method functions and matching, so that the tunneling efficiency of a tunneling working face is low, the footage speed is low, the number of operators is large, and the efficient and safe production of a coal mine is seriously restricted.

The concrete steps are as follows: 1. the traditional cantilever type heading machine is usually provided with a telescopic cantilever section at a cutting part, the cutting telescopic mechanism adopts a mode of circumferentially arranging flat keys to resist torque transmitted in the cutting process, the size of the flat keys is limited due to the problem of structural arrangement space, and when the heading machine cuts half coal rock and rock roadway, cutting vibration is large, abrasion and impact are caused on the flat keys, and the abrasion of the flat keys causes the failure of the telescopic mechanism; 2. the traditional star wheel type loading mechanism is driven by a motor, the starting torque is small, the climbing claw is easy to block rotation under the stacking condition, the loading effect is poor, meanwhile, the traditional loading mechanism cannot realize full-width loading, the material collection can be completed only by frequently adjusting the whole machine, and the tunneling efficiency is influenced; 3. the traditional cantilever type heading machine is only responsible for tunnel excavation, and an anchor rod drill carriage or a single anchor rod drill machine is required to be matched, so that the process alternation time is increased, and the improvement of the heading speed is restricted.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a multifunctional heading machine so as to solve the technical problems.

The multifunctional tunneling machine comprises a machine frame body, wherein travelling mechanisms are arranged on two sides of the machine frame body, the machine frame body comprises a machine frame assembly, a telescopic mechanism is arranged above the machine frame assembly and comprises a slideway fixed above the machine frame assembly and a slideway arranged on the slideway, a telescopic pushing oil cylinder is arranged between the rear end of the slideway and the machine frame assembly and used for driving the slideway to move in the front-back direction on the slideway, a rotary support is fixedly connected to the slideway, a rotary lug frame capable of rotating around the axis of the rotary support is arranged on the rotary support, the rotary lug frame is connected with a cutting mechanism capable of swinging up and down for tunneling, and a full-width loading mechanism for collecting materials is arranged in front of the machine frame assembly.

Further, a dovetail-shaped sliding groove is formed in the sliding way, a sliding way lower flitch is arranged on the bottom surface of the dovetail-shaped sliding groove, sliding way upper flitch is arranged on two side surfaces of the dovetail-shaped sliding groove, two sides of the sliding way are wedge-shaped, a sliding way lower flitch and a sliding way upper flitch are respectively arranged on the bottom surface and two side surfaces of the sliding way, the sliding way lower flitch is contacted with the sliding way lower flitch surface, and the sliding way upper flitch is contacted with the sliding way upper flitch surface, so that the sliding way is in sliding connection in the dovetail-shaped sliding groove; a plurality of groups of clamping devices are arranged on one side surface of the slideway, each clamping device comprises an outer cylinder fixedly connected to the side surface of the slideway, a single-acting oil cylinder is arranged in the outer cylinder and comprises a cylinder barrel, a piston rod and a connector, the cylinder barrel is sleeved in the outer cylinder, the piston rod is in back contact with a sliding plate on the slideway and used for pushing the sliding plate on the slideway to move, the connector is arranged at the top end of the cylinder barrel and communicated with the inside of the cylinder barrel and used for injecting hydraulic oil, a locking block is arranged at the top end of the cylinder barrel and used for limiting, external threads are arranged on the outer wall of the locking block and in threaded connection with internal threads arranged on the inner wall of the outer cylinder.

Further, a guide gap is arranged between the top end of the cylinder barrel and the locking block.

Further, the external thread of the locking block is a self-locking thread, and the locking block is self-locked by arranging an axial internal screw.

Further, an end cover is arranged at the top end of the outer cylinder.

Further, the full-width loading mechanism comprises a shovel plate body, a chain channel is arranged in the middle of the shovel plate body, the left side and the right side of the shovel plate body are connected with fan-shaped shovel plates in a lap joint mode, the fan-shaped shovel plates are connected with swinging oil cylinders for controlling the fan-shaped shovel plates to open and close left and right on the shovel plate body, raking arms are symmetrically arranged on the shovel plate body and connected with a driving device arranged on the back face of the shovel plate body, the driving device obtains power through the driving oil cylinders connected with the raking arms and transmits the power to the raking arms, the raking arms swing left and right on the shovel plate body, pushing and pulling actions are carried out to collect materials, and the left and right raking arms execute different actions at the same time.

Further, the height of the rake arm gradually becomes thinner from the side close to the chain path to the side away from the chain path.

Further, the end portion of the rake arm is bent toward the link side.

Further, a front end drill arm system capable of moving back and forth is arranged above the travelling mechanisms on two sides, the front end drill arm system comprises a base, the front end of the base is hinged with a big arm through an upper cross hinge shaft, the big arm can swing up and down and left and right through control of a first gesture adjusting mechanism, the first gesture adjusting mechanism comprises gesture adjusting cylinders which are symmetrically arranged below the big arm, one end of each gesture adjusting cylinder is hinged with the base through a lower cross hinge shaft, the other end of each gesture adjusting cylinder is connected with the big arm through a spherical hinge, a telescopic arm is arranged in the big arm, the front end of each telescopic arm is connected with one end of a second gesture adjusting mechanism, the other end of each second gesture adjusting mechanism is connected with a front roofbolter, and the second gesture adjusting mechanism enables the front roofbolter to rotate around a front and back direction axis and rotate around the upper and lower direction axis so as to achieve positioning of the front roofbolter.

Further, the second gesture adjusting mechanism comprises a first spiral hydraulic swing oil cylinder and a second spiral hydraulic swing oil cylinder, one end of the first spiral hydraulic swing oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the front end of the telescopic arm, the other end of the first spiral hydraulic swing oil cylinder is fixedly connected with a fixed seat of the second spiral hydraulic swing oil cylinder, the second spiral hydraulic swing oil cylinder can rotate around a front-back direction axis, an output shaft of the second spiral hydraulic swing oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the front roof-bolter, and the front roof-bolter can rotate around an up-down direction axis.

Further, the front end of the telescopic arm is provided with an operation platform.

Further, rear end drill arm systems are arranged on two sides of the rear of the frame assembly, each rear end drill arm system comprises an up-down gesture adjusting mechanism fixed at the rear end of the frame assembly, the movable end of each up-down gesture adjusting mechanism is connected with each swing gesture adjusting mechanism, so that each swing gesture adjusting mechanism can move in the up-down direction, and meanwhile, the movable end of each swing gesture adjusting mechanism is connected with the rear jumbolter, so that the rear jumbolter can rotate around the axis in the front-back direction.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the integral telescopic mechanism has large bearing area, small contact specific pressure when suffering from cutting counterforce, and impact resistance, and can be applied to rock cutting of semi-coal rock roadways and rock roadways thereof.

2. When the cantilever type heading machine swings and cuts, the cutting counterforce is large, the cutting vibration is strong, and in order to avoid abrasion and impact of the telescopic mechanism, high-pressure oil is introduced into the single-acting oil cylinder in the clamping device, so that the telescopic mechanism is tightly pressed and cannot act under the action of the single-acting oil cylinder, and premature failure of the telescopic mechanism is avoided.

3. The telescopic mechanism has a buffering function, when the telescopic mechanism performs telescopic slitting, certain small pressure and certain telescopic travel (also a guide clearance) can be kept in the single-acting oil cylinder, so that when the telescopic mechanism is subjected to large impact, the sliding rail slowly extrudes the sliding rail under the action of the single-acting oil cylinder, and excessive abrasion of the telescopic mechanism is avoided.

4. The swing arm type full-width loading mechanism provided by the invention has the advantages that on one hand, full-width loading is realized, the frequent adjustment of the whole machine loading is reduced, the loading efficiency is improved, and on the other hand, the swing arm type full-width loading mechanism adopts a mode that an oil cylinder pushes a rake arm, compared with a traditional large-torque motor, the swing arm type full-width loading mechanism has the advantages that the starting torque is greatly improved, and the condition that a climbing claw is easy to block and rotate in the full-material state of the traditional loading mechanism is avoided.

5. The multifunctional tunneling machine integrates two sets of front-end drilling boom systems, so that continuous mechanized operation of tunneling and anchor rod supporting is realized, alternate time is saved, tunneling efficiency is improved, and on the other hand, the integrated tunneling machine is compact in whole structure and good in roadway adaptability.

6. The multifunctional tunneling machine can realize one-time pushing tunneling support, reduces the reciprocating and moving times of the whole machine in the process of profile modification and material cleaning, realizes rapid mechanical pushing of the tunneling support, improves tunneling efficiency, reduces the rolling times of a bottom plate, and avoids damage to the bottom plate of a tunnel in the tunneling process.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a multi-purpose heading machine of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the multi-purpose heading machine of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the multi-purpose heading machine of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the full width loading mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the frame body and the telescopic mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the telescoping mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the front end boom system of the present invention in an angled configuration;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of another angle configuration of the front end wall drilling system of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the base portion of the front end boom system of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of a multi-purpose heading machine support operation of the present invention;

in the figure: the cutting device comprises a 1-cutting mechanism, a 11-cutting head, a 12-cantilever section, a 13-speed reducer and a 14-cutting motor;

2-full width loading mechanism, 21-shovel plate body, 211-lower connecting lug, 212-chain channel, 213-cover plate, 214-fixed connecting lug, 215-pin shaft, 22-raking device, 221-raking arm, 222-driving cylinder, 223-driving device, 23-fan-shaped shovel plate, 231-skirt board, 232-bottom plate, 233-swing arm, 2331-swing connecting lug, 2332-swing pin hole, 24-swing cylinder and 25-redirecting sprocket;

3-scraper conveyor;

4-frame body, 41-slewing lug, 42-slewing support, 43-telescoping mechanism, 431-slideway, 432-slideway, 433-baffle, 434-slideway upper sliding plate, 435-slideway upper flitch, 436-slideway lower flitch, 437-slideway lower flitch, 438-clamping device, 4380-single-acting cylinder, 4381-piston rod, 4382-cylinder, 4383-piston seal, 4384-joint, 4385-outer cylinder, 4386-locking block, 4387-internal screw, 4388-end cap, 4389-oil port, 439-mud scraping device, 44-frame assembly, 45-telescoping pushing cylinder, 46-slewing axis;

5-a travelling mechanism and 1011-a travelling guard board;

6-front end drilling boom system, 61-long slide rail, 62-base, 621-base body, 622-driving motor, 623-speed reducer, 624-gear, 63-big arm, 64-telescopic arm, 65-second posture adjusting mechanism, 651-first spiral hydraulic swing cylinder, 652-second spiral hydraulic swing cylinder, 66-front roofbolter, 67-rack, 68-working platform, 69-first posture adjusting mechanism, 691-posture adjusting cylinder, 692-lower cross hinge, 610-upper cross hinge, 611-first telescopic cylinder;

7-an electric control system;

8-an operation table;

9-a pump station oil tank;

10-rear end drill boom system, 1001-up and down gesture adjusting mechanism, 1002-swing gesture adjusting mechanism, 1003-rear jumbolter.

Detailed Description

For a better understanding of the objects, structures and functions of the present invention, a multifunctional heading machine according to the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a multifunctional tunneling machine comprises a cutting mechanism 1, a full-width loading mechanism 2, a scraper conveyor 3, a frame body 4, a traveling mechanism 5, a front-end drilling boom system 6, an electric control system 7, an operating platform 8, a pump station oil tank 9 and a rear-end drilling boom system 10. The both sides of frame body 4 set up running gear 5, frame body 4 includes frame subassembly 44, the top of frame subassembly 44 sets up telescopic machanism 43, telescopic machanism 43 is including fixing the slide 431 in frame subassembly 44 top and setting up the slide rail 432 on slide 431, set up flexible push cylinder 45 between the rear end of slide rail 432 and the frame subassembly 44, be used for driving slide rail 432 and reciprocate on slide 431 the direction, fixed connection gyration support 42 on the slide rail 432, set up the gyration ear frame 41 that can gyration support 42's axis is the center pivoted on the gyration support 42, but gyration ear frame 41 connects the cutting mechanism 1 of luffing motion, cutting mechanism 1 is used for the tunnelling, including cutting head 11, cantilever section 12, reduction gear 13 and cutting motor 14.

The front of the frame assembly 44 is provided with a full-width loading mechanism 2 for receiving materials, as shown in fig. 4, the full-width loading mechanism 2 comprises a shovel plate body 21, a harrow device 22, a fan-shaped shovel plate 23, a swinging oil cylinder 24 and a redirecting chain wheel 25, the harrow device 22 is connected with the shovel plate body 21 through bolts, the harrow device 22 comprises a harrow arm 221, a driving oil cylinder 222 and a driving device 223, the harrow arm 221 is connected with the driving device 223 through bolts, one end of the driving oil cylinder 222 is hinged with a rotary connecting lug 2231 of the driving device 223, the other end of the driving oil cylinder 222 is hinged with a lower connecting lug 211 corresponding to the shovel plate body 21, the driving device 223 is connected with the shovel plate body 21 through bolts (or bolts and keys), and the left-right swinging of the harrow arm 221 on the shovel plate body 21 is realized through the extension and shortening of the driving oil cylinder 222, and materials on the shovel plate body 21 are pushed to the chain 212 from the outer side of the full-width loading mechanism 2. The full width loading mechanism 2 is provided with two groups of driving devices 223 on the left side and the right side of the shovel plate body 21, and the material receiving action of the two harrow arms 221 is realized through the actions of the two groups of driving devices 223, meanwhile, in order to improve the material charging and transporting efficiency, when one harrow arm 221 moves to be close to the fan-shaped shovel plate 23, the other harrow arm 221 moves to be close to the chain channel 212, the transporting efficiency is ensured, and no material in the chain channel 212 and the scraper conveyor 3 is avoided for a long time.

Two groups of fan-shaped shovel plates 23 are arranged on two sides of the full-width loading mechanism 2, each fan-shaped shovel plate 23 comprises a skirt plate 231, a bottom plate 232 and a swinging arm 233, the bottom plate 232 is flush with a covering plate 213 of a shovel plate body 21, the skirt plate 231 has a certain height, materials are prevented from being thrown outwards beyond the skirt plate 231, one end of a swinging oil cylinder 24 is hinged with a shovel plate body connecting lug, the other end of the swinging oil cylinder is hinged with a swinging connecting lug 2332 of the swinging arm 233 of the fan-shaped shovel plate 23, the shovel plate body 21 is provided with a fixed connecting lug 214, the fixed connecting lug is aligned with a swinging pin hole 2331 arranged on the swinging arm 233, the inserting pin shaft 215 is hinged, the fan-shaped shovel plate 23 can rotate around the swinging pin hole 2331 of the swinging arm 233 through extension and shortening of the swinging oil cylinder 24, when the fan-shaped shovel plate 23 swings leftwards and rightwards, the loading area of the shovel plate body 21 can be increased, full-width once loading is realized, the frequency of the whole machine is reduced, and the tunneling efficiency is improved.

As shown in fig. 5, in the cross-sectional view of the rake arm 221, the height of the side face i near the chain 212 is higher, the height of the side face ii far away from the chain 212 is lower, when the rake arm 221 swings towards the chain 212, the higher side face i is required to push the materials on both sides to the middle, when the rake arm 221 swings away from the chain 212, the rake arm 221 is prevented from pushing a large amount of materials on the shovel plate body 21 to the apron 231 of the fan-shaped shovel plate 23 as much as possible, the materials are prevented from being thrown to both sides of the roadway beyond the apron 231, and when the rake arm 221 swings away from the chain 212, the lower height of the side face ii far away from the chain of the rake arm 221 is not beneficial to pushing the materials to move towards the apron 231, so that the materials are kept on the shovel plate body 21 to the maximum extent.

When the heading machine does not work and the full-width loading mechanism 2 needs personnel to pass, the fan-shaped shovel plates 23 on the two sides retract towards the direction of the chain channel 212, so that the apron plate 231 is kept a certain distance away from the two sides of the roadway, and the heading machine is convenient for personnel to pass.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, one end of the revolving support 42 is fixedly connected with the telescopic mechanism 43, one end of the specific revolving support 42 is fixedly connected with the sliding rail 432, and the other end of the revolving support 42 is fixedly connected with the revolving ear frame 41, so that the revolving ear frame 41 can rotate around the revolving axis 46 relative to the telescopic mechanism 43. The telescopic mechanism 43 is fixedly connected with the frame assembly 44, a slide way 431 of the telescopic mechanism 43 is fixedly connected with the frame assembly 44, one end of a telescopic pushing oil cylinder 45 is hinged with the telescopic mechanism 43, one end of the telescopic pushing oil cylinder 45 is hinged with a rear end connecting lug of a slide rail 432 of the telescopic mechanism 43, the other end of the telescopic pushing oil cylinder 45 is hinged with a connecting lug of the frame assembly 44, the slide rail 432 can move in the front-back direction relative to the slide way 431 through the extension and shortening of the telescopic pushing oil cylinder 45, and finally the cutting mechanism 1 can move back-and-forth relative to the frame assembly 44, so that the cutting range of the heading machine can be enlarged under the condition of not moving a machine, and the cutting efficiency is improved.

The telescopic mechanism 43 further comprises a baffle 433, a sliding plate 434 on the slide rail, a sliding plate 435 on the slide rail, a sliding plate 436 under the slide rail, a sliding plate 437, a clamping device 438 and a mud scraping device 439, wherein the sliding plate 435 on the slide rail is fixedly arranged above the slide rail 432, the sliding plate 436 under the slide rail is fixedly arranged below the slide rail 432, the sliding plate 434 on the slide rail is distributed on the left side and the right side of the slide rail, at least two sliding plates 434 are arranged in the slide rail 431, the sliding plate 434 on the slide rail can slide in the groove of the slide rail 431, the baffle 433 is respectively fixedly arranged at the front end and the rear end of the two sides of the slide rail 431, the sliding plate 434 on the slide rail is prevented from being shifted out in the front direction and the rear direction, the sliding plate 437 on the slide rail is distributed on the two sides of the slide rail 431, at least two sliding plates 437 are fixedly arranged below the slide rail 431. The sliding plates 434 and the sliding rail upper flitch 435 on the sliding rails distributed on the two sides form a friction pair, the sliding plates can slide relatively, the sliding rail lower flitch 437 and the sliding rail lower flitch 436 on the two sides form a friction pair, and the sliding rail 432 can slide in the front-back direction relative to the sliding rail 431, lubrication holes are arranged in the sliding rail upper sliding plates 434 and the sliding rail lower flitch 437, and lubricating grease can enter between the friction pairs through the lubrication holes, so that friction between the friction pairs is reduced.

Dust and mud enter between the friction pairs, so that on one hand, the sliding resistance can be increased, and on the other hand, the friction pairs can be damaged. Therefore, at least 8 sets of sludge scraping devices 439 are provided, which are fixedly installed at the front and rear ends of the upper sliding plate 434 and the front and rear ends of the lower sliding plate 437, respectively, to prevent dust and sludge of the upper sliding plate 435 and the lower sliding plate 436 from being carried into the upper sliding plate 434 and the lower sliding plate 437 when the sliding rail 432 moves.

The slide way 431 one side fixedly connected with a plurality of clamping device 438, clamping device 438 includes single-acting cylinder 4380, urceolus 4385, latch segment 4386 and end cover 4388, single-acting cylinder 4380 includes piston rod 4381, cylinder 4382, piston seal 4383 and joint 4384, piston rod 4381 is located cylinder 4382 inside, can slide from top to bottom in cylinder 4382 inside, piston seal 4383 arranges in the front end of piston rod 4381, play the effect of sealed fluid, joint 4384 passes through threaded connection mode fixed connection in cylinder 4382 top, hydraulic fluid can get into cylinder 4382 inside through joint 4384 hydraulic fluid port 4389, promote piston rod 4381 downward movement.

The urceolus 4385 is fixedly connected above one side slide 431 (right side in the drawing), and single-acting cylinder 4380 is located urceolus 4385 inside, and single-acting cylinder 4380 can reciprocate for urceolus 4385, and urceolus 4385 inside top has the internal thread simultaneously, and latch segment 4386 is located urceolus 4385 inside, single-acting cylinder 4380 cylinder 4382 top, and the latch segment 4386 outside has the external screw thread, and latch segment 4386 is connected through the screw thread with urceolus 4385 for latch segment 4386 can reciprocate through screw-thread fit with urceolus 4385 relatively. In this embodiment, the locking block 4386 has a self-locking function, and by tightening the screw 4387 inside the locking block 4386, the external thread of the locking block 4386 is tightly pressed against the internal thread of the outer cylinder 4385, the locking block 4386 cannot move relative to the outer cylinder 4385, and the locking block 4386 is not limited to the illustration in this example. The end cap 4388 is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the outer cylinder 4385 to prevent dust and the like from entering the inside of the clamping device 438.

When the cutting mechanism 1 performs the cutting operation forward, hydraulic oil enters the cylinder 4382 of each single-acting cylinder 4380 through the oil port 4389 of the connector 4384 and keeps a certain lower pressure P1, the upper part of the cylinder 4382 is limited by the locking block 4386, the oil pushes the piston rod 4381 to move downward for a certain stroke L, the stroke L is also a guiding clearance of the telescopic mechanism, the guiding clearance L also prevents the telescopic mechanism 43 from creeping or failing to move when bearing large cutting reaction force and vibration, the piston rod 4381 pushes the sliding plate 434 on one side to move downward, and the sliding plates 434 on each group of sliding ways are further pressed against the sliding rail upper flitch 435, the sliding rail lower flitch 437 and the sliding rail lower flitch 436, and the sliding rail 432 can move forward relative to the sliding way 431 through the action of the telescopic pushing cylinder 45. Meanwhile, the single-acting oil cylinder 4380 and the stroke L form a buffer mechanism, the thrust generated by the small hydraulic pressure P1 of the single-acting oil cylinder 4380 provides buffer resistance of the buffer mechanism, the stroke L provides buffer stroke of the buffer mechanism, when cutting reaction force and cutting vibration generated by the slitting operation are large, the sliding rail 432 is extruded to one side of the sliding rail 431, particularly the sliding rail 432 is extruded to the sliding plate 434 on one side of the sliding rail, the piston rod 4381 is pushed to move upwards slowly, and the stroke L is moved to the maximum, so that the impact between the sliding rail 432 and the sliding rail 431 is reduced.

When the cutting mechanism 1 performs up-down and left-right swinging cutting, the telescopic mechanism 43 bears a reaction force and vibration from the cutting mechanism 1 which are much larger than those of the slitting operation, so that the swinging cutting working condition is a test for the telescopic mechanism 43, when the telescopic mechanism 43 operates, the large cutting reaction force and vibration can impact the telescopic mechanism 43, and when serious, the telescopic mechanism can cause telescopic failure, so that the telescopic mechanism 43 cannot operate under the swinging cutting working condition, and the specific method is as follows: hydraulic oil enters the cylinder 4382 of each single-acting oil cylinder 4380 through the oil port 4389 of the connector 4384 and keeps a certain high pressure P2, the upper part of the cylinder 4382 is limited by the locking block 4386, the oil pushes the piston rod 4381 to move downwards, the piston rod 4381 pushes the sliding plate 434 on one side of the slide to move downwards, so that the sliding plate 434 on each group of slide and the upper sliding plate 435, the lower sliding plate 437 and the lower sliding plate 436 are mutually pressed, and each single-acting oil cylinder 4380 keeps a high pressure P2, and the telescopic mechanism 43 cannot act at the moment.

The front end drill boom system 6 is arranged above the travelling mechanism 5 on two sides of the heading machine, and the travelling guard plate 1011 is arranged above the travelling mechanism 5 as shown in fig. 10 and is fixedly connected with the travelling mechanism 5 to be used as a support of the front end drill boom system 6.

As shown in fig. 8 to 10, the front end boom system 6 includes a long slide rail 61, a base 62, a large arm 63, a telescopic arm 64, a second gesture adjusting mechanism 65, a front jumbolter 66, a rack 67, a work platform 68, a first gesture adjusting mechanism 69, an upper cross hinge 610, and a first telescopic cylinder 611. One end of the first telescopic cylinder 611 is hinged with the long slide rail 61, the other end of the first telescopic cylinder 611 is fixedly connected with the walking guard board 1011, and the long slide rail 61 can relatively move relative to the walking guard board 1011 through the extension and the shortening of the first telescopic cylinder 611, so that the first-stage telescopic structure is formed. The rack 67 is fixedly connected above the long slide rail 61, and the base 62 is connected with the long slide rail 61 through a lower clamping plate, so that the base 62 can move in the front-rear direction relative to the long slide rail 61 to form second-stage expansion and contraction.

In this embodiment, the movement of the base 62 is through a rack-and-pinion engagement movement, and the base 62 includes a base body 621, a drive motor 622, a speed reducer 623, and a gear 624. Specifically, the driving motor 622 is fixedly connected to the speed reducer 623, an output shaft of the speed reducer 623 is fixedly connected to the gear 624, the speed reducer 623 is fixedly connected to the base body 621, the speed reducer 623 is driven by the driving motor 622 to act, and the gear 624 is further driven to move in the front-rear direction relative to the rack 67, so that the second-stage expansion and contraction is formed. In addition, other implementation modes are adopted, such as a sprocket and chain driving mode, a telescopic oil cylinder direct pushing base action mode and the like.

The big arm 63 is hinged with the base 62 through the upper cross hinge shaft 610, so that the big arm 63 can swing up and down and left and right directions relative to the base 62, the action of the big arm 63 can be realized through the first gesture adjusting mechanism 69, the first gesture adjusting mechanism 69 consists of two groups of gesture adjusting oil cylinders 691 and a lower cross hinge shaft 692, one end of each gesture adjusting oil cylinder 691 is hinged with the base 62 through the lower cross hinge shaft 692, the other end is connected with the big arm 63 through a spherical hinge, and the swinging of the big arm 63 in up and down and left and right directions is realized through the extension and shortening of the two gesture adjusting oil cylinders 691. The big arm 63 internally mounted has a flexible hydro-cylinder, and this flexible hydro-cylinder one end is articulated with big arm 63, and the other end is articulated with flexible arm 64, through the extension and the shortening of flexible hydro-cylinder, realizes the flexible motion of flexible arm 64 relative big arm 63, forms the third level of front end drill boom system 6 and stretches out and draws back.

The front end of the telescopic arm 64 is fixedly connected with one end of a second gesture adjusting mechanism 65, and the other end of the second gesture adjusting mechanism 65 is connected with a front jumbolter 66. In this embodiment, the second gesture adjusting mechanism 65 includes a first spiral hydraulic swing cylinder 651 and a second spiral hydraulic swing cylinder 652, one end of the first spiral hydraulic swing cylinder 651 is fixedly connected with the telescopic arm 64, the other end of the first spiral hydraulic swing cylinder 651 is fixedly connected with a fixing seat of the second spiral hydraulic swing cylinder 652, so that the second spiral hydraulic swing cylinder 652 can rotate around the Y axis, an output shaft of the second spiral hydraulic swing cylinder 652 is fixedly connected with the front jumbolter 66, so that the front jumbolter 66 can rotate around the Z axis, finally, the front jumbolter 66 can rotate around two directions, and positioning of the front jumbolter 66 can be achieved through the first gesture adjusting mechanism 69 and the second gesture adjusting mechanism 65. In addition, the front end boom system 6 may be provided with a work platform 68 to facilitate the construction of an anchor work by a worker standing above the work platform.

The multifunctional tunneling machine of the present invention further comprises a rear end boom system 10, the rear end boom system 10 comprising an up-down attitude adjustment mechanism 1001, a swing attitude adjustment mechanism 1002 and a rear jumbolter 1003. One end of the up-down gesture adjusting mechanism 1001 is fixed at the rear end of the frame assembly 44, the other end of the up-down gesture adjusting mechanism is connected with the swing gesture adjusting mechanism 1002, so that the swing gesture adjusting mechanism 1002 can move in the up-down direction, meanwhile, the movable end of the swing gesture adjusting mechanism 1002 is connected with the rear jumbolter 1003, the swing gesture adjusting mechanism 1002 can be realized by adopting a spiral hydraulic swing oil cylinder, the rear jumbolter 1003 can rotate around a front-back direction axis, and finally, the rear jumbolter 1003 can realize a certain height for supporting an anchor bolt through adjustment of gestures in two directions.

The invention relates to a multifunctional tunneling machine, which comprises the following steps of:

1. before the cutting operation, the heading machine telescopic mechanism 43 and the full-width loading mechanism 2 are in a retracted state, and the heading machine moves forwards to the head-on position;

2. the fan-shaped shovel plates 23 on two sides are unfolded in the direction away from the chain channel 212 through the action of the swinging oil cylinders 24 on two sides of the full-width loading mechanism 2, so that the width of the full-width loading mechanism 2 is close to the roadway width;

3. hydraulic oil enters each single-acting oil cylinder 4380 and keeps a smaller pressure P1, the telescopic pushing oil cylinder 45 acts, the sliding rail 432 moves forwards relative to the sliding rail 431, so that the cutting mechanism 1 moves forwards relative to the frame assembly 44 for slitting, after a certain slitting stroke, the hydraulic oil continues to enter each single-acting oil cylinder 4380 and keeps a larger pressure P2, the telescopic mechanism 43 cannot act, and the cutting mechanism 1 swings and cuts in the up-down and left-right directions;

4. when the telescopic mechanism 43 extends out of the maximum stroke, each single-acting oil cylinder 4380 is decompressed and keeps smaller pressure P1, the telescopic pushing oil cylinder 45 acts, the sliding rail 432 moves backwards to the maximum stroke relative to the sliding rail 431, and the heading machine walks forwards to the head-on position;

5. continuing the actions 3 and 4 until the heading machine cuts a row distance;

6. as shown in fig. 11, the cutting mechanism 1 swings downwards to approach the roadway floor, switches to support operation, and enables the front jumbolter 66 to move to a position needing anchoring for head-on anchor support operation through the three-stage telescopic and two-stage gesture adjusting mechanism, and simultaneously carries out lag upper anchor support through adjusting the gesture of the rear jumbolter 1003;

7. and after the support is finished, carrying out next cycle cutting operation.

It will be understood that the invention has been described in terms of several embodiments, and that various changes and equivalents may be made to these features and embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a multifunctional heading machine, including frame body (4), the both sides of frame body (4) set up running gear (5), a serial communication port, frame body (4) include frame subassembly (44), the top of frame subassembly (44) sets up telescopic machanism (43), telescopic machanism (43) are including fixing slide (431) and slide rail (432) of setting on slide (431) above frame subassembly (44), set up flexible promotion hydro-cylinder (45) between the rear end of slide rail (432) and frame subassembly (44), be used for driving slide rail (432) and move on slide (431) fore-and-aft direction, fixed connection slewing support (42) on slide rail (432), set up slewing ear frame (41) that can rotate around the axis of slewing support (42) as the center on slewing support (42), slewing ear frame (41) connect can swing cutting mechanism (1) that are used for the tunnelling from top to bottom, the place ahead of frame subassembly (44) sets up full width loading mechanism (2) that are used for receiving the material.

2. The multifunctional heading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a dovetail-shaped chute is arranged on the chute (431), a chute lower flitch (437) is arranged on the bottom surface of the dovetail-shaped chute, a chute upper sliding plate (434) is arranged on two side surfaces of the dovetail-shaped chute, two sides of the chute (432) are wedge-shaped, a chute lower flitch (436) and a chute upper flitch (435) are respectively arranged on the bottom surface and two side surfaces of the chute (432), the chute lower flitch (437) is in surface contact with the chute lower flitch (436), and the chute upper sliding plate (434) is in surface contact with the chute upper flitch (435), so that the chute (432) is in sliding connection in the dovetail-shaped chute; a plurality of groups of clamping devices (438) are arranged on one side surface of the slide way (431), the clamping devices (438) comprise an outer cylinder (4385) fixedly connected to the side surface of the slide way (431), a single-acting oil cylinder (4380) is arranged in the outer cylinder (4385), the single-acting oil cylinder (4380) comprises a cylinder barrel (4382), a piston rod (4381) and a joint (4384), the cylinder barrel (4382) is sleeved in the outer cylinder (4385), the piston rod (4381) is in back contact with a slide way upper sliding plate (434) to push the slide way upper sliding plate (434) to move, the joint (4384) is arranged at the top end of the cylinder barrel (4382) to be communicated with the inside of the cylinder barrel (4382) and used for injecting hydraulic oil, a locking block (4386) is arranged at the top end of the cylinder barrel (4382) to limit, external threads are arranged on the outer wall of the locking block (4386), and the inner threads are in threaded connection with the inner wall of the outer cylinder barrel (4385).

3. A multi-purpose heading machine as claimed in claim 2 wherein a guide gap is provided between the top end of the cylinder (4382) and the locking block (4386).

4. A multi-functional heading machine as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that the external thread of the locking block (4386) is a self-locking thread, the locking block (4386) being self-locking by means of an axially arranged internal screw (4387).

5. The multifunctional tunneling machine according to claim 1, wherein the full-width loading mechanism (2) comprises a shovel plate body (21), a chain channel (212) is arranged in the middle of the shovel plate body (21), the left side and the right side of the shovel plate body (21) are connected with a fan-shaped shovel plate (23) in a lap joint mode, the fan-shaped shovel plate (23) is connected with a swinging oil cylinder (24) and used for controlling the fan-shaped shovel plate (23) to open and close left and right on the shovel plate body (21), a harrow arm (221) is symmetrically arranged on the shovel plate body (21), the harrow arm (221) is connected with a driving device (223) arranged on the back face of the shovel plate body (21), power is obtained by the driving device (223) through the driving oil cylinder (222) connected with the harrow arm and transmitted to the harrow arm (221), the harrow arm (221) swings left and right on the shovel plate body (21), pushing actions and pulling actions are carried out to receive materials, and the left harrow arms and right harrow arms are carried out at the same time.

6. A multi-purpose heading machine as claimed in claim 5 wherein the rake arm (221) tapers in height from a side closer to the chain path (212) to a side further from the chain path (212).

7. A multi-purpose heading machine as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that the end portion of the rake arm (221) is bent towards the chain link side (212).

8. The multifunctional tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a front end drilling arm system (6) capable of moving back and forth is arranged above the traveling mechanisms (5) on two sides, the front end drilling arm system (6) comprises a base (62), the front end of the base (62) is hinged with a big arm (63) through an upper cross hinge shaft (610), the big arm (63) is controlled by a first posture adjusting mechanism (69) to swing up and down and left and right directions, the first posture adjusting mechanism (69) comprises a posture adjusting oil cylinder (691) symmetrically arranged below the big arm (63), one end of the posture adjusting oil cylinder (691) is hinged with the base (62) through a lower cross hinge shaft (692), the other end of the posture adjusting oil cylinder is connected with the big arm (63) through a spherical hinge, a telescopic arm (64) is arranged in the big arm (63), the front end of the telescopic arm (64) is connected with one end of a second posture adjusting mechanism (65), the other end of the second posture adjusting mechanism (65) is connected with a front drilling machine (66), and the second posture adjusting mechanism (65) enables the front part (66) to rotate around the front and back directions around the axis of the anchor drilling machine (66) so as to realize front-and back-and-front-position positioning of the anchor drilling machine.

9. The multifunctional tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the second gesture adjusting mechanism (65) comprises a first spiral hydraulic swing cylinder (651) and a second spiral hydraulic swing cylinder (652), one end of the first spiral hydraulic swing cylinder (651) is fixedly connected with the front end of the telescopic arm (64), the other end of the first spiral hydraulic swing cylinder is fixedly connected with a fixed seat of the second spiral hydraulic swing cylinder (652) so that the second spiral hydraulic swing cylinder (652) can rotate around a front-back direction axis, and an output shaft of the second spiral hydraulic swing cylinder (652) is fixedly connected with the front jumbolter (66) so that the front jumbolter (66) can rotate around an up-down direction axis.

10. The multifunctional tunneling machine according to claim 8, characterized in that rear end boom systems (10) are provided on both sides of the rear of the frame assembly (44), the rear end boom systems (10) include an up-down posture adjustment mechanism (1001) fixed to the rear end of the frame assembly (44), the movable end of the up-down posture adjustment mechanism (1001) is connected with the swing posture adjustment mechanism (1002) so that the swing posture adjustment mechanism (1002) can move in the up-down direction, and the movable end of the swing posture adjustment mechanism (1002) is connected with the rear jumbolter (1003) so that the rear jumbolter (1003) can rotate around the front-rear direction axis.