CN116174286A - Coarse and fine particle separation equipment and separation method suitable for substrate dredging - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a coarse and fine particle separation device and separation method suitable for substrate dredging. The separation device includes an adjustable separation mechanism, a secondary separation mechanism and a screening net. The adjustable separation mechanism and the secondary separation mechanism are separated by a transmission mechanism. Rotate separately and separate the coarse and fine particles, and the feeding mechanism connected with the adjustable separation mechanism is connected to the casing; the separation method is completed by the above separation equipment, so that the particles of different particle sizes in the sludge are separated, and Sludge particles of suitable size are obtained for recycling and reuse. The invention separates the particles of different particle sizes in the sludge, so that some of the sludge particles suitable for size can be recycled and reused, and the sludge particles that cannot be recycled after separation are removed from the foundation pit, which is beneficial to the substrate treatment after dredging The follow-up work is carried out, which improves the work efficiency and facilitates the environmental protection work during the construction process. The invention is applicable to the technical field of separating coarse and fine particles in foundation pits of abandoned mine pits.

Description

Coarse and fine particle separation equipment and separation method suitable for substrate dredging

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of separating coarse and fine particles in foundation pits of abandoned mines, and in particular relates to a device and method for separating coarse and fine particles suitable for base dredging.

Background technique

At present, there will be a large amount of silt in the foundation pit of the abandoned mine pit, which is not conducive to the subsequent treatment of the base. This will reduce the work efficiency, and the silt will splash during the base construction process, resulting in the problem of poor construction environment. . Since the existing sludge is composed of a mixture of various fine and coarse particles, in order to avoid affecting the subsequent construction of the base, it is necessary to remove the sludge. If all the sludge in the foundation pit is removed directly, it will cause some adaptation in the sludge. The size of the waste of sludge is not conducive to the recycling of waste. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a coarse and fine particle separation device and separation method to efficiently separate particles of different particle sizes in the sludge, so that some sludge particles of suitable size can be recycled and reused.

Contents of the invention

The present invention provides a coarse and fine particle separation equipment and separation method suitable for substrate dredging, which are used to efficiently separate particles of different particle sizes in the sludge, so that some sludge particles of suitable size can be recycled and reused. Moreover, the sludge particles that cannot be recycled after separation are removed from the foundation pit, which is conducive to the follow-up work of the base treatment after dredging, improves work efficiency, and facilitates environmental protection during the construction process.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

A kind of coarse and fine particle separation equipment suitable for base dredging, including an adjustable separation mechanism and a secondary separation mechanism arranged vertically downward in the casing and respectively connected to the casing in rotation. There is a screening net under the mechanism, and the casing is supported by an inclination-adjustable support mechanism installed on the ground. The adjustable separation mechanism and the secondary separation mechanism rotate respectively through the transmission mechanism and separate the coarse and fine particles. , a feeding mechanism is connected to the casing, and the outlet end of the feeding mechanism communicates with the inlet end of the adjustable separation mechanism.

Further, the casing includes a first assembly cavity, a blanking cavity, a second assembly cavity and a material gathering cavity arranged sequentially from top to bottom, and a fourth material outlet is configured at the lower end of the material gathering cavity. The adjustable separation mechanism and the secondary separation mechanism are respectively rotatably assembled in the first assembly cavity and the second assembly cavity, and the screening net is fixed at the junction of the second assembly cavity and the aggregate cavity.

Further, the adjustable separation mechanism includes a first installation part and a second installation part which are rotatably connected to the end faces of the two opposite ends of the casing respectively, between the first installation part and the second installation part along the two A plurality of elastic metal rods are evenly connected in the circumferential direction, and the two ends of each elastic metal rod are respectively connected with a first universal joint and a second universal joint, and the first universal joint and the The second universal joint is respectively connected to the first mounting part and the second mounting part, and a linear separation channel or a curved separation channel is formed between two adjacent elastic metal rods; The material opening is formed at the second installation part to form the first material outlet, and the caliber of the material inlet is not larger than the caliber of the first material outlet.

Further, the first installation part includes a first transmission wheel rotatably installed on the casing, each end of the first universal joint away from the elastic metal rod is connected with a first connecting rod, and the first connecting rod The rod is connected in rotation with the first transmission wheel, and the first transmission wheel is in transmission connection with the driving mechanism; an inner ring gear is fixed on the casing, and transmission gears are installed on each first connecting rod, and each transmission gear is connected with the driving mechanism. The inner ring gear meshes.

Further, the second installation part includes an annular plate rotatably installed on the casing, and a second connecting rod is connected to the end of each of the second universal joints away from the elastic metal rod, and the second connecting rod Rotationally connected to the ring plate.

Further, arc-shaped adjustment holes are opened on the annular plate at positions corresponding to the second connecting rods, each of the second connecting rods is rotatably connected to a clutch, and the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to a rotating The adapter rod passes through the corresponding arc-shaped adjustment hole, and the clutch part is installed on the adapter rod.

Further, the clutch part includes a lock nut threadedly connected with the transfer rod, and the lock nut is screwed on the end surface of the annular plate; or the clutch part includes a fixed sleeve fixedly installed on the transfer rod, One end of the fixed sleeve close to the annular plate is provided with a grinding plate, and a movable sleeve is constructed on the grinding plate, and the movable sleeve is movably assembled in the fixed sleeve, and the inner cavity of the fixed sleeve and the movable sleeve forms a driving cavity. A telescopic spring is installed in the drive chamber, and the two ends of the telescopic spring are respectively connected with the fixed sleeve and the grinding plate; the drive chamber communicates with the medium distribution pipe through the connecting joint constructed on the fixed sleeve through a hose, And the medium distribution pipe is connected with the annular plate.

Further, the secondary separation mechanism includes a screen mesh cylinder extending from one end of the casing to the other end, the diameter of the screen mesh cylinder decreases along its axial direction, and the inner wall of the screen mesh cylinder is configured with The guide vanes extending spirally in the axial direction, the large-diameter end of the screen mesh cylinder is detachably connected with an end cover, the small-diameter end of the screen mesh cylinder forms a third discharge port, and the third discharge port is rotatably connected with a lower Material pipe; a second discharge port is provided on the casing, and the second discharge port is located above the small-diameter end of the screen mesh cylinder; a second transmission is installed at the small-diameter end of the screen mesh cylinder wheel, and the second transmission wheel is in transmission connection with the drive mechanism.

Further, the tilt-adjustable support mechanism includes a support seat supported on the lower end of the casing, and a fixed frame is arranged above the support seat, and the fixed frame is connected to the support seat through a plurality of diagonal braces, and the fixed frame Each diagonal strut is supported on the surface corresponding to the casing; a plurality of support legs are installed on the lower end of the support seat, and each support leg is a hydraulic oil cylinder.

The present invention also discloses a separation method using the above-mentioned coarse and fine particle separation equipment suitable for substrate dredging, comprising the following steps:

S1. Adjust the adjustable separation mechanism according to the mixing ratio of the thickness and fineness of the base soil and the volume of the coarse particles, so that the upper limit of the particle size of the adjustable separation mechanism for the preliminary separation of the coarse and fine mixed particles is adjusted;

S2. Control the action of the driving mechanism, so that the driving mechanism drives the adjustable separation mechanism and the secondary separation mechanism to rotate synchronously;

S3. Add the coarse and fine mixed particles into the adjustable separation mechanism through the feeding mechanism, and the adjustable separation mechanism rotates and performs rotary screening on the coarse and fine mixed particles;

S4. Coarse particles are discharged through the outlet of the adjustable separation mechanism, and the mixed particles except coarse particles fall on the upper end of the secondary separation mechanism;

S5. During the rotation of the secondary separation mechanism, a part of the mixed particles enters the secondary separation mechanism, and the other part is blocked by the secondary separation mechanism, and is discharged from the upper end of the secondary separation mechanism with the rotation of the secondary separation mechanism. Shell; the mixed particles entering the secondary separation mechanism are divided into part A and part B according to the particle size under the action of the rotary sieve of the secondary separation mechanism. The particle size of part A is larger than that of part B, and part A passes through The outlet end of the secondary separation mechanism is discharged, and part B is discharged from the lower end of the casing through the screen;

S6. According to the screening situation, adjust the adjustable separation mechanism in due course;

S7. Timely adjust the tilt-adjustable support mechanism, so that the angle of the casing is inclined, and change the discharge speed of the adjustable separation mechanism and the secondary separation mechanism.

Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned structure in the present invention, compared with the prior art, the technical progress achieved is that the separation equipment used in the present invention occupies a small space, has a better separation effect than the vibrating screen, and is convenient for large-scale Separation of sludge, water, etc. on the sludge particles; specifically, the sludge in the foundation pit is transported to the adjustable separation mechanism through the feeding mechanism, and the adjustable separation mechanism and the secondary separation mechanism are both driven by the driving mechanism. Rotation occurs, and the sludge undergoes primary separation in the adjustable separation mechanism, so that the large particle size sludge is separated and discharged through the outlet of the adjustable separation mechanism; the rest of the sludge falls to the secondary separation mechanism, With the rotation of the secondary separation mechanism, a part of the sludge particles with small particle size enter the secondary separation mechanism, and the sludge particles that do not enter the secondary separation mechanism are gradually discharged out of the casing with the rotation of the secondary separation mechanism. Part of the sludge in the secondary separation mechanism with a smaller particle size passes through the screen and falls to the lower end of the casing, and the sludge particles in the secondary separation mechanism that cannot pass through the screen pass through the secondary separation mechanism. discharge from the outlet end; the present invention realizes the separation of sludge particles of different particle sizes through the above-mentioned steps, and can change the inclination angle of the casing by adjusting the inclination-adjustable support mechanism, thereby realizing the adjustable separation mechanism and The inclination angle of the outlet end of the secondary separation mechanism is changed accordingly, so that the duration of the rotary screen and the speed of the discharge are adjusted, and then the coarse and fine particles of the sludge can be fully and efficiently separated; in summary, the present invention can efficiently separate the sludge Particles of different particle sizes in the slag are separated, so that part of the silt particles suitable for size can be recycled and reused, and the silt particles that cannot be recycled after separation are removed from the foundation pit, which is beneficial to the follow-up of the substrate treatment after desilting The work is carried out, the work efficiency is improved, and it is convenient to do a good job in environmental protection during the construction process.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the description, and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.

In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a coarse and fine particle separation device suitable for substrate dredging according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of another angle of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a coarse and fine particle separation device suitable for substrate dredging according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a coarse and fine particle separation device suitable for substrate dredging to remove the support mechanism with adjustable inclination angle and the feeding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural sectional view of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a partial structural sectional view of a casing connected to a screen in a coarse and fine particle separation device suitable for substrate dredging according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of an adjustable separation mechanism in a coarse and fine particle separation device suitable for substrate dredging according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another form of adjustable separation mechanism in a coarse and fine particle separation device suitable for substrate dredging according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the connection between the first installation part and the elastic metal rod in the adjustable separation mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of another angle in Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the connection between the second installation part and the elastic metal rod in the adjustable separation mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a structural schematic diagram of another angle of Fig. 11;

Fig. 13 is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the clutch and the adapter rod in the adjustable separation mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 14 is a structural sectional view of the connection between the clutch and the adapter rod in the adjustable separation mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a secondary separation mechanism in a coarse and fine particle separation device suitable for substrate dredging according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of an inclination-adjustable support mechanism in a coarse and fine particle separation device suitable for substrate dredging according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Labeled parts: 100-casing, 101-first assembly cavity, 102-blanking cavity, 103-second assembly cavity, 104-polymer cavity, 105-fourth discharge port, 106-second discharge port, 200-adjustable separation mechanism, 201-elastic metal rod, 202-first universal coupling, 203-second universal coupling, 204-first transmission wheel, 205-transmission gear, 206-internal gear , 207-ring plate, 208-arc adjustment hole, 209-clutch, 2091-transfer rod, 2092-fixed sleeve, 2093-connecting sleeve, 2094-bearing grinding disc, 2095-movable sleeve, 2096-drive cavity, 2097 -Telescopic spring, 2098-second connecting rod, 2099-transfer sleeve, 210-medium uniform distribution pipe, 211-connecting edge, 212-first connecting rod, 300-secondary separation mechanism, 301-screen mesh cylinder, 302-guide blade, 303-feeding pipe, 304-end cover, 305-second transmission wheel, 400-driving mechanism, 401-driving motor, 402-driving wheel, 500-feeding mechanism, 501-feeding pipe , 502-connecting plate, 503-feeding hopper, 600-inclination adjustable support mechanism, 601-support seat, 602-fixed frame, 603-diagonal strut, 604-hydraulic cylinder, 700-screening net.

Detailed ways

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

The present invention discloses a device for separating coarse and fine particles suitable for substrate dredging, as shown in Fig. 1-16, which includes an adjustable separation mechanism 200 and a secondary separation mechanism arranged vertically downwards in the casing 100 300. Screening net 700 and angle-adjustable support mechanism 600. Wherein, the adjustable separating mechanism 200 and the secondary separating mechanism 300 are respectively connected in rotation with the casing 100, and the driving mechanism 400 is installed on the casing 100, and the driving mechanism 400 is used to drive the adjustable separating mechanism 200 and the secondary separating mechanism 300 to operate. , so that the adjustable separation mechanism 200 and the secondary separation mechanism 300 rotate respectively, and separate the coarse and fine particles. The screening net 700 of the present invention is attached to the lower outer surface of the secondary separation mechanism 300 . The tilt-adjustable supporting mechanism 600 is installed on the ground and adapted to the lower part of the casing 100 , and the tilt-adjustable supporting mechanism 600 is used to support the casing 100 . A feeding mechanism 500 is connected to the casing 100 , and the outlet end of the feeding mechanism 500 communicates with the inlet end of the adjustable separation mechanism 200 . The working principle and advantages of the present invention are: the separation equipment used in the present invention takes up less space, has a better separation effect than vibrating screens, and is convenient for the separation of silt and moisture on large-volume sludge particles; , the sludge in the foundation pit is transported into the adjustable separation mechanism 200 through the feeding mechanism 500, and the adjustable separation mechanism 200 and the secondary separation mechanism 300 are driven by the driving mechanism 400 to rotate, and the sludge in the adjustable separation mechanism Primary separation is carried out in 200, so that the sludge with large particle size is separated out and discharged through the outlet port of the adjustable separation mechanism 200; the rest of the sludge falls on the secondary separation mechanism 300, and with the Rotation of the secondary separation mechanism 300, a part of the sludge particles with small particle size enters the secondary separation mechanism 300, and the sludge particles that do not enter the secondary separation mechanism 300 are gradually discharged from the casing 100 with the rotation of the secondary separation mechanism 300, located in the secondary separation mechanism 300. Part of the sludge particles in the primary separation mechanism 300 with smaller particle sizes pass through the screen 700 and fall to the lower end of the casing 100, and the sludge particles that are located in the secondary separation mechanism 300 and cannot pass through the screen 700 pass through the secondary screen 700. The outlet end of the stage separation mechanism 300 is discharged; the present invention realizes the separation of sludge particles of different particle sizes through the above-mentioned steps, and can change the inclination angle of the casing 100 by adjusting the inclination-angle-adjustable support mechanism 600, thereby realizing The inclination angles of the outlets of the adjustable separation mechanism 200 and the secondary separation mechanism 300 are correspondingly changed, so that the duration of the rotary screen and the speed of material discharge are adjusted, thereby achieving sufficient and efficient separation of coarse and fine particles of sludge; in summary, , the present invention can efficiently separate the particles of different particle sizes in the sludge, so that part of the sludge particles suitable for size can be recycled and reused, and the sludge particles that cannot be recycled after separation can be removed from the foundation pit, and then there is It is conducive to the follow-up work of the base treatment after dredging, improves the work efficiency, and facilitates the environmental protection work during the construction process.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 5-6, the casing 100 includes a first assembly chamber 101, a blanking chamber 102, a second assembly chamber 103, and a gathering chamber 104 arranged in sequence from top to bottom, A fourth outlet 105 is configured at the lower end of the material gathering chamber 104 . Wherein, the adjustable separation mechanism 200 is rotatably assembled in the first assembly chamber 101, the secondary separation mechanism 300 is rotatably assembled in the second assembly chamber 103, and the screening net 700 is fixed at the junction of the second assembly chamber 103 and the aggregate chamber 104. place. The caliber of the aggregate chamber 104 is vertically tapered downwards, so that the sludge particles passing through the screen 700 are conveniently accumulated and discharged through the fourth outlet 105 .

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 7-12 , the adjustable separation mechanism 200 includes a first installation part, a second installation part and a plurality of elastic metal rods 201 . Wherein, the first installation part and the second installation part are arranged oppositely, and the two are respectively connected to the end faces of the two opposite ends of the casing 100, and the above-mentioned plurality of elastic metal rods 201 are arranged along the first installation part and the second installation part. The circumferential direction is evenly arranged between the two. Moreover, the two ends of each elastic metal rod 201 are respectively connected with a first universal joint 202 and a second universal joint 203, and the first universal joint 202 and the second universal joint 203 are respectively Connected with the first installation part and the second installation part, a separation channel is formed between the two elastic metal rods 201 . When the adjustable separation mechanism 200 is driven to rotate, the cage-like structure formed by these elastic metal rods 201 rotates on its own, so that the sludge inside it cannot pass through under the action of centrifugal force. The separation channel is always located in the cage structure, and the remaining sludge particles pass through the separation channel, and then fall on the secondary separation mechanism 300 through the discharge chamber 102 . And the silt particles positioned in the cage structure collide with the elastic metal rod 201, that is, the elastic metal rod 201 knocks the silt particles, so that the small silt particles and moisture attached to the large-volume silt particles are separated, and The elastic metal rod 201 can crush part of the large-volume sludge particles, so that the agglomerated sludge and the sludge with weak strength are crushed, and then fall on the secondary separation mechanism 300 through the separation channel, realizing the separation of the sludge. Sufficient separation avoids the situation that part of the agglomerated sludge cannot be used and is directly separated, and improves the utilization rate of the sludge. The separation channel of this embodiment can be divided into a linear separation channel as shown in Figure 7, and can also be divided into a curved separation channel as shown in Figure 8, wherein the linear separation channel facilitates the rapid separation of large-volume sludge particles The adjustable separation mechanism 200 is discharged from the outlet end of the adjustable separation mechanism 200; the curved separation channel makes the sludge in the cage-like structure move in a curved line except for centrifugal movement, and the curved motion prolongs the separation of large-volume sludge particles. The time at the outlet end of the adjustable separation mechanism 200 allows the coarse and fine particles in the sludge to be fully separated. Moreover, when the curved separation channel is adopted, the shape of the cage structure is a curved shape, which increases the residence time of the sludge in the cage structure. In this embodiment, the feed inlet is formed at the first installation part, and the first discharge outlet is formed at the second installation part, and the diameter of the feed inlet is not larger than the diameter of the first discharge outlet. And in order to make the caliber at the exit of the separation passage close to the caliber at the entrance, the diameter of the elastic metal rod 201 increases progressively from one end towards the other end, and the diameter of the elastic metal rod 201 near the first mounting part is smaller than that of the elastic metal rod 201 approaching. The diameter of the rod at the second mounting portion, in this way, ensures that large-volume sludge particles will not enter the discharge chamber 102 through the separation channel.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 9-10 , the first installation part includes a first transmission wheel 204 and an inner ring gear 206 . Wherein, the first transmission wheel 204 is rotatably installed on the casing 100, and the end of each first universal joint 202 away from the elastic metal rod 201 is connected with a first connecting rod 212, and the first connecting rod 212 is connected to the first transmission wheel. 204 is rotationally connected, and the first transmission wheel 204 is in transmission connection with the driving mechanism 400 . The ring gear 206 is fixed on the casing 100 , and a transmission gear 205 is mounted on each first connecting rod 212 , and each transmission gear 205 meshes with the ring gear 206 . The working principle and advantages of this embodiment are: the driving mechanism 400 drives the first transmission wheel 204 to rotate, and then the first transmission wheel 204 drives all the elastic metal rods 201 (cage-like structure) to rotate to realize the separation of sludge. Moreover, during the rotation of the cage structure, the transmission gear 205 and the ring gear 206 are driven on the first connecting rod 212, so that the transmission gear 205 drives the elastic metal rod 201 to rotate through the first connecting rod 212, that is, each elastic metal The rod 201 rotates while revolving, sufficiently separating large-volume sludge particles from small-volume sludge particles.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 11-12, the second mounting part includes an annular plate 207, which is rotatably mounted on the casing 100, and each second universal coupling 203 is away from One end of the elastic metal rod 201 is connected to a second connecting rod 2098 , and the second connecting rod 2098 is rotatably connected to the ring plate 207 . When the driving mechanism 400 of this embodiment drives the first transmission wheel 204 to rotate, the annular plate 207 is rotated by the transmission of the elastic metal rod 201 , and large-volume sludge particles are discharged through the middle of the annular plate 207 . In this embodiment, in order to adjust the caliber of the outlet port of the cage structure, the residence time of the sludge in the cage structure is adjusted; that is, when the diameter of the outlet port of the cage structure is adjusted small, the inclination of the separation channel on the cage structure decreases, In this way, the residence time of the sludge in the cage structure is prolonged, so that the coarse and fine particles of sludge are fully separated, and the separation of the small-volume sludge attached to the large-volume sludge can be ensured. At the same time, it is convenient for some fragile large-volume sludge to Full crushing of sludge. When the diameter of the outlet port of the cage-like structure is increased, the inclination of the separation channel on the cage-like structure increases, so that the large-volume sludge particles are discharged quickly. Furthermore, this situation is suitable for the state where the coarse and fine particles are easier to separate. That is, the degree of adhesion between coarse and fine particles is weak. Specifically, arc-shaped adjustment holes 208 are opened on the annular plate 207 at positions corresponding to the second connecting rods 2098, wherein each second connecting rod 2098 is rotatably connected to a clutch 209, and the second connecting rod 2098 The rod 2098 is rotatably connected with an adapter rod 2091 , the adapter rod 2091 passes through the corresponding arc-shaped adjustment hole 208 , and the clutch part 209 is installed on the adapter rod 2091 . In this embodiment, the locking of the ring plate 207 by the clutch part 209 is released, and then the position of the adapter rod 2091 in the arc-shaped adjustment hole 208 is adjusted, so that the degree of expansion of the elastic metal rod 201 changes. When it is adjusted to the predetermined position Finally, the control clutch 209 is locked on the annular plate 207, and then the adjustment operation is completed.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the clutch part 209 is divided into two forms. The first one is that the clutch part 209 includes a locking nut, which is threaded on the adapter rod 2091. When the elastic metal rod 201 needs to be adjusted When the degree of external expansion is reached, loosen the lock nut, adjust the position of the adapter rod 2091 in the arc-shaped adjustment hole 208, and after adjusting to the predetermined position, tighten the lock nut so that the lock nut abuts against the ring plate 207 end face. The second type, as shown in Figures 13-14, the clutch 209 includes a fixed sleeve 2092, a grinding disc 2094, a movable sleeve 2095 and a telescopic spring 2097, wherein the fixed sleeve 2092 is fixedly installed on the transfer rod 2091 through the connecting sleeve 2093, The grinding disc 2094 is arranged on the end of the fixed sleeve 2092 close to the annular plate 207, and the movable sleeve 2095 is configured on the end of the grinding disc 2094 close to the fixed sleeve 2092, and the movable sleeve 2095 is movably assembled in the fixed sleeve 2092, and the fixed sleeve 2092 and the movable sleeve 2095 The inner cavity of the drive chamber 2096 is formed; the telescopic spring 2097 of this embodiment is assembled in the drive chamber 2096, and the two ends of the telescopic spring 2097 are respectively connected with the fixed sleeve 2092 and the grinding disc 2094, and the adapter rod 2091, the fixed sleeve 2092, The axes of bearing grinding disc 2094, movable sleeve 2095 and telescopic spring 2097 coincide. In this embodiment, the annular plate 207 is connected to the medium uniform distribution pipe 210 through a connection edge 211 , and the connection edge 211 is formed on the side of the medium uniform distribution pipe 210 close to the annular plate 207 . A connecting joint is configured on the fixing sleeve 2092 , and the connecting joint communicates the driving chamber 2096 with the medium distribution pipe 210 through a hose. In this embodiment, the medium is injected into the medium uniform distribution pipe 210, so that the driving chamber 2096 gradually expands, and the medium in the driving chamber 2096 drives the grinding disc 2094 to press on the annular plate 207, thereby realizing the coupling between the clutch 209 and the annular plate 207. When it is necessary to adjust the position of the adapter rod 2091 in the arc-shaped adjustment hole 208, the medium in the drive chamber 2096 is pulled away, so that the grinding disc 2094 is gradually separated from the annular plate 207, and then the adapter rod 2091 is adjusted At the position of the arc-shaped adjustment hole 208, after completion, the medium is injected into the driving cavity 2096, and the grinding disc 2094 is pressed against the annular plate 207, so that the clutch 209 and the annular plate 207 remain connected. In this embodiment, in order to realize the rotational connection between the second connecting rod 2098 and the transfer rod 2091, a transfer sleeve 2099 is configured at the end of the second connecting rod 2098 or the transfer rod 2091, and the second connecting rod 2098 and the transfer rod 2091 Rotational connection is realized through the adapter sleeve 2099.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 15 , the secondary separation mechanism 300 includes a screen mesh cylinder 301, which extends from one end of the casing 100 to the other end, and the screen mesh cylinder 301 The caliber decreases along its axis. A second transmission wheel 305 is mounted on the small-diameter end of the screen mesh cylinder 301 , and the second transmission wheel 305 is in transmission connection with the driving mechanism 400 . Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 , the driving mechanism 400 includes a driving motor 401 connected to the casing 100 through a connecting seat, and a driving wheel 402 is mounted on the output shaft of the driving motor 401, and the driving wheel 402 is connected to the first driving wheel respectively. The wheel 204 and the second transmission wheel 305 are connected by transmission, and the transmission connection mode of a chain and a sprocket is generally adopted. Also can adopt the form of gear meshing, promptly driving wheel 402, the first driving wheel 204 and the second driving wheel 305 are all gears, driving wheel 402 is positioned at the center, and first driving wheel 204 and the second driving wheel 305 are positioned at the driving wheel respectively. 402 above and below, and the first transmission wheel 204 and the second transmission wheel 305 mesh with the driving wheel 402 respectively. The drive motor 401 drives the screen mesh cylinder 301 to rotate, so that a part of the sludge falling on the screen mesh cylinder 301 enters in the screen mesh cylinder 301 through the mesh, and the sludge that does not enter the screen mesh cylinder 301 is The rotation of the screen mesh cylinder 301 gradually moves to the small diameter end of the screen mesh cylinder 301. Since the present embodiment has a second discharge port 106 on the casing 100, the second discharge port 106 is located at the screen mesh cylinder. 301 above the small-diameter end, so that this part of the sludge is discharged from the casing 100 through the second outlet 106 . And because the mesh of sieve mesh 700 is designed to be smaller than the mesh of sieve mesh cylinder 301, and then make the silt of the small volume in the sludge that is positioned at the sieve mesh cylinder 301 fall to the bottom of casing 100 by sieve mesh 700 The sludge that fails to pass through the screen 700 is gradually discharged from the outlet of the screen cylinder 301 as the screen cylinder 301 rotates. It can be seen from this that the screen mesh cylinder 301 cooperates with the screen mesh 700 to complete the synchronous separation of sludge particles in three different particle size ranges, the separation effect is remarkable, and the separation efficiency is high. In this embodiment, the inner wall of the screen mesh cylinder 301 is configured with guide vanes 302 extending helically along its axial direction, so that the sludge in the screen mesh cylinder 301 can be discharged smoothly. An end cap 304 is detachably connected to the large diameter end of the screen mesh cylinder 301 for blocking the large diameter end of the screen mesh cylinder 301 . When it is necessary to separate the sludge particles within the predetermined particle size range, the end cover 304 can be opened, and the sludge particles are dropped into the large-diameter end of the screen mesh cylinder 301. After that, the screen mesh cylinder 301 is driven to rotate separately, and then Make the sieve mesh cylinder 301 carry out rotary sieve to the sludge particles, the sludge particles of small volume enter the lower end of the casing 100 after passing through the mesh of the screen mesh cylinder 301 and the mesh of the sieve net 700, and the large volume of sludge particles The particles are discharged through the small diameter end of the screen cylinder 301 . And present embodiment can remove sieve mesh 700, like this, when feeding to sieve mesh cylinder 301, the silt particles that can pass through the mesh of sieve mesh cylinder 301 all can directly fall on the bottom of casing 100, Those that fail to pass are discharged from the outlet end of the screen mesh cylinder 301 . The small-diameter end of the screen mesh cylinder 301 of the present embodiment forms a third discharge port, and the third discharge port is rotatably connected with a feeding pipe 303, so that the sludge particles passing through the third discharge port are discharged through the feeding pipe 303 be collected. Generally, the feeding pipe 303 is connected and fixed to the casing 100 through a connecting arm.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 1 and 16, the tilt-adjustable support mechanism 600 includes a support base 601, a fixed frame 602 and a plurality of support legs, wherein the support base 601 is supported at the lower end of the casing 100, The fixed frame 602 is arranged above the support base 601, and the fixed frame 602 is connected to the support base 601 through a plurality of diagonal struts 603, the fixed frame 602 and each diagonal strut 603 are supported on the surface corresponding to the casing 100, and The fixing frame 602 and each diagonal brace 603 are connected to the casing 100 through a plurality of bolts, so as to achieve the purpose of stably supporting the casing 100 . A plurality of supporting legs in this embodiment are installed on the lower end of the supporting seat 601 , and each supporting leg is a hydraulic oil cylinder 604 . By controlling the lifting of the supporting legs, the casing 100 is tilted, the purpose of which is to make the adjustable separation mechanism 200 and the secondary separation mechanism 300 installed on the casing 100 tilt, that is, the adjustable separation mechanism 200 and the secondary separation mechanism The axes of 300 both keep a horizontal state or a downwardly inclined state or an upwardly inclined state, so that the movement speed of the sludge in the adjustable separation mechanism 200 is adjusted, on the secondary separation mechanism 300 and in the secondary separation mechanism 300 The movement speed of the sludge inside is also adjusted, so that the sludge can quickly escape from the adjustable separation mechanism 200 and the secondary separation mechanism 300 under the premise of ensuring sufficient separation. That is to say, when the slope is adjusted upward, the length of sludge retention is prolonged, which is convenient for full separation; when the slope is adjusted downward, the length of sludge retention is shortened, which facilitates the rapid discharge of separated sludge particles of various particle sizes.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the feed mechanism 500 includes a feed pipe 501 and a feed hopper 503, wherein the feed pipe 501 is connected and fixed with the casing 100 through a connecting plate 502, and the feed hopper 503 is constructed on the upper end of the feed pipe 501, and the lower end of the feed pipe 501 extends into the inlet end of the adjustable separation mechanism. The sludge enters the feed pipe 501 through the feed hopper 503, and then enters the feed pipe 501 through the feed hopper. In the adjustable separation mechanism, the feeding operation of the adjustable separation mechanism is realized.

The present invention also discloses a separation method using the above-mentioned coarse and fine particle separation equipment suitable for substrate dredging, comprising the following steps:

S1. Adjust the adjustable separation mechanism 200 according to the mixing ratio of the thickness and fineness of the base soil and the volume of the coarse particles, so that the upper limit of the particle size of the adjustable separation mechanism 200 for the preliminary separation of the coarse and fine mixed particles is adjusted;

S2. Control the action of the driving mechanism 400, so that the driving mechanism 400 drives the adjustable separation mechanism 200 and the secondary separation mechanism 300 to rotate synchronously;

S3. Add the coarse and fine mixed particles into the adjustable separation mechanism 200 through the feeding mechanism 500, and the adjustable separation mechanism 200 rotates and spins the coarse and fine mixed particles;

S4, the coarse particles are discharged through the outlet of the adjustable separation mechanism 200, and the mixed particles except the coarse particles fall on the upper end of the secondary separation mechanism 300;

S5. During the rotation of the secondary separation mechanism 300, a part of the mixed particles enters the secondary separation mechanism 300, and the other part is blocked by the secondary separation mechanism 300, and is released by the secondary separation mechanism with the rotation of the secondary separation mechanism 300. The upper end of 300 is discharged from the casing 100; the mixed particles entering the secondary separation mechanism 300, under the action of the rotary sieve of the secondary separation mechanism 300, are divided into part A and part B according to the particle size, and the particle size of part A is larger than that of B The particle size of the part, part A is discharged through the outlet end of the secondary separation mechanism 300, and part B is discharged from the lower end of the casing 100 through the screen 700;

S6. Adjust the adjustable separation mechanism 200 according to the screening situation;

S7. Timely adjust the angle-adjustable support mechanism 600, so that the angle of the casing 100 is inclined, and change the discharge speed of the adjustable separation mechanism 200 and the secondary separation mechanism 300;

S8. Recycle and reuse the sludge particles within the recovery range, and remove other sludge particles not within the recovery range from the foundation pit.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still The technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some technical features thereof may be equivalently replaced. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A coarse and fine particle separation device suitable for base dredging, characterized in that: it includes an adjustable separation mechanism and a secondary separation mechanism that are sequentially arranged in the casing along the vertical direction and are respectively connected to the casing in rotation, A screening net is set under the secondary separation mechanism, and the casing is supported by an inclination-adjustable support mechanism installed on the ground, and the adjustable separation mechanism and the secondary separation mechanism are respectively rotated by the transmission mechanism And to separate coarse and fine particles, a feeding mechanism is connected to the casing, and the outlet end of the feeding mechanism communicates with the inlet end of the adjustable separation mechanism. 2. A coarse and fine particle separation device suitable for substrate dredging according to claim 1, characterized in that: the casing includes a first assembly chamber, a blanking chamber, and a second assembly chamber arranged sequentially from top to bottom. cavity and material gathering cavity, the lower end of the material gathering cavity is configured with a fourth outlet, the adjustable separation mechanism and the secondary separation mechanism are respectively rotatably assembled in the first assembly cavity and the second assembly cavity, the screen The subnet is fixed at the junction of the second assembly cavity and the aggregate cavity. 3. A device for separating coarse and fine particles suitable for base dredging according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adjustable separation mechanism includes first installation parts that are respectively connected to the end faces of the two opposite ends of the casing in rotation and the second installation part, a plurality of elastic metal rods are evenly connected between the first installation part and the second installation part along the circumferential direction of the two, and the two ends of each of the elastic metal rods are respectively connected with first The universal joint and the second universal joint, and the first universal joint and the second universal joint are respectively connected with the first installation part and the second installation part, and the two adjacent elastic metal rods A linear separation channel or a curved separation channel is formed between them; a feed port is formed at the first installation part, and a first discharge port is formed at the second installation part, and the diameter of the feed port is not larger than that of the first discharge port. The diameter of the feed port. 4. A coarse and fine particle separation device suitable for substrate dredging according to claim 3, characterized in that: the first installation part includes a first transmission wheel rotatably mounted on the casing, each of the first The end of the universal coupling away from the elastic metal rod is connected with a first connecting rod, the first connecting rod is connected in rotation with the first transmission wheel, and the first transmission wheel is in transmission connection with the driving mechanism; it is fixed on the casing There is an inner ring gear, and each first connecting rod is equipped with a transmission gear, and each of the transmission gears is meshed with the inner ring gear. 5. A coarse and fine particle separation device suitable for base desilting according to claim 3, characterized in that: the second installation part includes an annular plate rotatably mounted on the casing, and each of the second ten thousand A second connecting rod is connected to the end of the coupling away from the elastic metal rod, and the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the annular plate. 6. A device for separating coarse and fine particles suitable for substrate dredging according to claim 5, characterized in that: arc-shaped adjustments are provided on the annular plate at positions corresponding to the second connecting rods. Each of the second connecting rods is rotatably connected with a clutch, and the second connecting rod is rotatably connected with an adapter rod, and the transfer rod passes through the corresponding arc-shaped adjustment hole, and the clutch is installed on the adapter rod . 7. A device for separating coarse and fine particles suitable for substrate dredging according to claim 6, characterized in that: the clutch member includes a locking nut threadedly connected with the adapter rod, and the locking nut is screwed on the end face of the annular plate; or the clutch includes a fixed sleeve fixedly installed on the transfer rod, the end of the fixed sleeve near the annular plate is provided with a grinding plate, and a movable sleeve is constructed on the grinding plate, and the The movable sleeve is movably assembled in the fixed sleeve, and the inner cavity of the fixed sleeve and the movable sleeve forms a driving chamber, and a telescopic spring is installed in the driving chamber, and the two ends of the telescopic spring are respectively connected with the fixed sleeve and the grinding disc; The driving chamber communicates with the medium distribution pipe through the connecting joint configured on the fixed sleeve through the flexible pipe, and the medium distribution pipe is connected with the annular plate. 8. A coarse and fine particle separation device suitable for substrate dredging according to claim 1, characterized in that: the secondary separation mechanism includes a screen mesh cylinder extending from one end of the casing to the other end, the The caliber of the screen mesh cylinder decreases along its axial direction, and the inner wall of the screen mesh cylinder is constructed with guide blades extending spirally along its axial direction. The large diameter end of the screen mesh cylinder is detachably connected with an end cover, and the screen mesh The small-diameter end of the mesh cylinder forms a third discharge port, and the third discharge port is rotatably connected with a feeding pipe; a second discharge port is opened on the casing, and the second discharge port is located on the screen. Above the small-diameter end of the mesh cylinder; a second transmission wheel is mounted on the small-diameter end of the screen mesh cylinder, and the second transmission wheel is in transmission connection with the driving mechanism. 9. A device for separating coarse and fine particles suitable for substrate dredging according to claim 1, characterized in that: the angle-adjustable support mechanism includes a support seat supported on the lower end of the casing, above the support seat A fixed frame is provided, and the fixed frame is connected to the support base through a plurality of diagonal struts, and the fixed frame and each diagonal strut are supported on the surface corresponding to the casing; a plurality of supports are installed at the lower end of the support base legs, each of the supporting legs is a hydraulic cylinder. 10. A separation method utilizing the coarse and fine particle separation equipment applicable to substrate dredging according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, comprising the steps of: S1. Adjust the adjustable separation mechanism according to the mixing ratio of the thickness and fineness of the base soil and the volume of the coarse particles, so that the upper limit of the particle size of the adjustable separation mechanism for the preliminary separation of the coarse and fine mixed particles is adjusted; S2. Control the action of the driving mechanism, so that the driving mechanism drives the adjustable separation mechanism and the secondary separation mechanism to rotate synchronously; S3. Add the coarse and fine mixed particles into the adjustable separation mechanism through the feeding mechanism, and the adjustable separation mechanism rotates and performs rotary screening on the coarse and fine mixed particles; S4. Coarse particles are discharged through the outlet of the adjustable separation mechanism, and the mixed particles except coarse particles fall on the upper end of the secondary separation mechanism; S5. During the rotation of the secondary separation mechanism, a part of the mixed particles enters the secondary separation mechanism, and the other part is blocked by the secondary separation mechanism, and is discharged from the upper end of the secondary separation mechanism with the rotation of the secondary separation mechanism. Shell; the mixed particles entering the secondary separation mechanism are divided into part A and part B according to the particle size under the action of the rotary sieve of the secondary separation mechanism. The particle size of part A is larger than that of part B, and part A passes through The outlet end of the secondary separation mechanism is discharged, and part B is discharged from the lower end of the casing through the screen; S6. According to the screening situation, adjust the adjustable separation mechanism in due course; S7. Timely adjust the tilt-adjustable support mechanism, so that the angle of the casing is inclined, and change the discharge speed of the adjustable separation mechanism and the secondary separation mechanism.

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