CN116122817A - Electric lifting pull-rod-free hanging die system for large-diameter vertical shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric lifting pull-rod-free die hanging system for a large-diameter vertical shaft, which comprises a cantilever hanging bracket, a hoisting system and a die plate assembly; each cantilever hanging bracket is provided with a lifting system, the whole template assembly is of a cylindrical structure, the template assembly is coaxially arranged in the vertical shaft, the template assembly comprises three groups of template units arranged along the circumferential direction, an adjusting template is arranged between every two adjacent groups of template units, the inner side of the adjusting template is connected with the adjacent template units through a connecting component, and the lower end of each lifting system is connected with the tops of the three groups of template units. The three groups of template units on the plane form a similar regular triangle butt joint structure, the structural stability is higher, the template assemblies are integrated automatically, the casting of each layer has fewer procedures for installing and dismantling the template assemblies, the labor intensity of workers is low, the time for installing and dismantling the template assemblies is shortened, the construction efficiency is greatly improved, and the safety and reliability are higher.

Description

Large-diameter vertical shaft electric lift without tie rod hanging formwork system

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy engineering, and in particular relates to a large-diameter vertical shaft electric lift without tie rod hanging formwork system.

Background technique

The vertical shaft (working shaft) has the advantages of small footprint, low unit cost, concrete pouring of the main part, easy guarantee of quality, high overall rigidity, safety and reliability, and is widely used in major infrastructure projects. The construction of shafts often adopts all-steel shaped large formwork, and the steel formwork is generally supported by means of internal pull or external top to ensure the position and shape of the formwork during the pouring process, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, increasing the construction period and poor economic benefits.

The invention patent with the patent number ZL202120086896.5 discloses a large-diameter working well electric lifting mobile formwork, and the following problems exist in the actual construction process:

1. The heavy weight of the arch ring truss not only requires the hanger to be more firmly installed on the top beam, but also requires the hanger to have higher strength and higher requirements for the hoisting system.

2. Since the arch ring truss is used inside the cylindrical formwork, the two-way adjustment struts, the demoulding cylinder and the translation cylinder are all connected to the arch ring truss, so that the pouring of each layer requires more installation and disassembly procedures for the formwork , the construction efficiency is low.

3. The formwork assembly includes twelve arc formworks and four wedge formworks, and every three arc formworks form a formwork unit, and the three arc formworks of each formwork unit include two side formworks with the same structure and a middle formwork template. That is, four formwork units are adopted in this patent, and four formwork units are equivalent to four sides of a quadrilateral in a vertical shaft with a larger diameter (tens of meters), as everyone knows. The quadrilateral is unstable, therefore, the formwork unit will have a certain amount of activity in the circumferential direction, which will affect the pouring quality of the shaft shaft.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a large-diameter vertical shaft electric lift without tie rod formwork system with simple structure, light weight, high stability of the formwork unit in the circumferential direction, and high construction efficiency.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: large-diameter vertical shaft electric lift without tie rod hanging formwork system, including cantilever hanger, hoisting system and formwork assembly; There are several cantilever hangers fixed on the top beam along the circumferential direction of the top beam. Each cantilever hanger is equipped with a hoisting system as described above. The formwork assembly has a cylindrical structure as a whole. The formwork assembly is coaxially arranged in the vertical shaft. The formwork assembly includes three groups of formwork units arranged along the circumferential direction. There is an adjustment formwork between the adjacent two groups of formwork units. The inside of the adjustment formwork is connected to the adjacent formwork by connecting the components Unit connection, the lower end of each hoisting system is connected to the top of three sets of formwork units.

Each group of formwork units includes seven arc-shaped formworks arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction of the shaft. There is a demoulding oil cylinder on the top of each arc-shaped formwork, and the center line of the demoulding oil cylinder is set along the radial direction of the shaft, and several horizontal closing oil cylinders are passed between the inner sides of the two arc-shaped formworks of adjacent two groups of formwork units connect.

The adjustment formwork adopts wooden formwork, and the connection components include several arc-shaped struts for positioning and supporting the adjustment formwork. The arc-shaped struts are set on the leftmost arc formwork and the rightmost arc formwork of each formwork unit The inner side of the arc strut is arranged horizontally and extends to the inner side of the adjustment template, and the adjustment template is fixed to the arc strut by a steel wire.

The cantilever hanger includes two cantilever beams parallel to the radial direction of the shaft; the two cantilever beams are welded by horizontally arranged I-beams, and two shoulder beams are horizontally arranged above the outer sides of the two cantilever beams. The beam is vertical, and the two ends of the pole beam are respectively equipped with anchor components vertically. The lower end of the anchor component is pre-buried in the top beam, and the upper end of the anchor component is crimped with the shoulder beam through a nut and a pressure plate; the inner ends of the two cantilever beams extend to A hoisting support is provided above the wellhead of the shaft.

The hoisting system includes an electric chain hoist, the electric chain hoist is arranged on the hoisting support, and the hook of the electric chain hoist is connected to the top of the formwork assembly.

The inside of each group of formwork units is fixed with at least two layers of work platforms, and the inside of the work platforms is provided with guardrails; the top of the arc-shaped formwork is provided with several pouring and unloading guide hoppers at intervals along the circumferential direction.

The middle and lower parts of the curved formwork are evenly provided with several transparent observation windows along the circumferential direction.

Adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the template assembly in the present invention adopts 24 templates (21 arc templates + 3 adjustment templates) to form a cylindrical structure, and the 21 arc templates are evenly divided into three groups of template units. The total height of the finished product is 3.3m, and several two-way adjustable struts are arranged in a circle on the inner side. Each group of formwork units can be hoisted by two hoisting systems. The rigidity of the curved formwork itself bears the lateral pressure, and there is no need to set an inner pull or outer top position on the curved formwork.

Use the present invention when carrying out construction to shaft, adopt following steps:

(1) Excavate the first floor at the wellhead of the shaft, bind the steel bars, and then pour a circular top beam around the wellhead, and at the same time pre-bury the anchor assembly for fixing the hanger at the designated position;

(2) Excavate the second floor downwards inside the top beam;

(3) Binding the steel bars to be poured inside the second layer of the shaft wall;

(4) Assemble the formwork assembly in the shaft;

(5) Install a cantilever hanger at the protruding anchor rod assembly on the top beam, install a chain electric hoist on the cantilever hanger, and connect the lower hook of the chain electric hoist to the formwork assembly;

(6) Keep the formwork assembly and the shaft on the same center line by adjusting the two-way adjustment struts, and start the closing oil cylinder to press and connect the left and right sides of the adjustment formwork with the corresponding arc formwork, and at the same time make the outer diameter of the formwork assembly equal to the shaft Inner diameter; inject concrete through several pouring and blanking guide hoppers arranged at intervals on the top of the formwork assembly;

(7) After the concrete reaches the strength requirement, demould; first start the closing oil cylinder, the closing oil cylinder is slightly elongated, remove the adjustment formwork, and then open the demoulding oil cylinder, the demoulding oil cylinder is like a shaft radially extending outward, and the top pressure has been poured The wall of the well, so that each group of formwork units is separated from the concrete surface;

(8) Continue to excavate the next layer under the poured concrete, and then bind the steel bars to be poured under the poured concrete;

(9) Start the electric chain hoist to lower the formwork assembly as a whole; three sets of electric chain hoists (each including two electric hoists for hanging the same group of formwork units) can be started synchronously or adjusted separately. In the process of falling, observe the synchronization of the electric chain hoist at any time; in case of falling conditions such as out-of-synchronization or obstruction, stop the electric chain hoist in time, find out the reason, and then adjust the speed of the formwork assembly separately levelness;

(10) After the formwork assembly falls to the specified height, stop the chain electric hoist, start the closing oil cylinder, make the left and right sides of the adjustment formwork tightly connected with the corresponding arc formwork, and at the same time make the upper outer circle of the formwork assembly and the upper The concrete poured for the first time is accurately lapped, and the verticality of the formwork assembly is adjusted to meet the design requirements, and then the adjusted formwork is installed in place.

(11) Concrete is injected through several pouring and blanking guide hoppers arranged at intervals on the top of the formwork assembly;

(12) Repeat steps (7)-(11) several times.

Due to the large radius of the shaft, when the thickness of the shaft wall changes, the arc formwork remains unchanged, and only the adjustment of the formwork is sufficient. The specific construction process of replacing and adjusting the formwork for diameter reduction (for example, adjusting the diameter from 30.1m to 29.5m, and reducing the diameter by 0.6m) is as follows: adjust the position of the hoisting support on the two cantilever beams, start the electric chain hoist to make the formwork total The whole body falls to 10cm from the ground; the radius of the formwork unit block composed of the arc formwork is reduced by adjusting the two-way adjustment strut; the chain electric hoist is started to make the formwork assembly fall to the designated position as a whole, and the formwork is installed and adjusted, so that the formwork The diameter reduction operation of the assembly is completed.

In the present invention, the cantilever hanger adopts two cantilever beams arranged in parallel, and the two cantilever beams are welded as a whole through I-beams. The outer end of the cantilever beam is positioned and pulled by the anchor rod assembly whose lower end is pre-embedded in the shaft.

The two-way adjustable strut can adjust and fix the arc radius of the curved formwork by changing the length, thereby adjusting the diameter of the overall formwork assembly. In addition, the adjustment formwork can adopt a wedge-shaped structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom, so that the diameter of the lower opening of the formwork assembly is slightly larger than that of the upper opening, which is convenient for the formwork assembly to overlap with the previous lined concrete (which has been poured) after it moves down. , so as to ensure that the surface of the concrete poured in the upper and lower sections is flat and seamlessly combined, and the pouring quality is improved.

Because the present invention cancels the heavy arch ring truss, only the formwork assembly is used for lifting, therefore, the structure of the cantilever hanger is simplified and set, and the anti-falling threaded steel suspenders are cancelled.

To sum up, the present invention has scientific principles, compact structure, light weight and high construction efficiency. Three groups of formwork units form a regular triangular docking structure on the plane, and the structure is more stable. The formwork assembly is self-contained and consists of multiple The overall control of the chain electric hoist lifts, and the formwork support and removal are controlled by the hydraulic system. The degree of automation is high. The installation and disassembly of the formwork assembly for each layer of pouring is less, and the labor intensity of the workers is small, reducing the installation of the formwork assembly. , Formwork removal time is greatly improved, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved, and it has high safety and reliability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the present invention along shaft center line;

Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of place A in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view at B in Fig. 2 .

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1-4, the large-diameter vertical shaft electric lift without tie rod hanging formwork system of the present invention includes a cantilever hanger 1, a hoisting system 2 and a formwork assembly 3; There are several hangers 1, and several cantilever hangers 1 are fixedly arranged on the top beam 4 along the circumferential direction of the top beam 4, and each cantilever hanger 1 is provided with a hoisting system 2 described above. Formwork 3 is a cylindrical structure as a whole, and the formwork assembly 3 is coaxially arranged in the vertical shaft. The formwork assembly 3 includes three sets of formwork units arranged along the circumferential direction, and an adjustment formwork is arranged between two adjacent sets of formwork units. 5. The inner side of the adjustment formwork 5 is connected to the adjacent formwork unit through the connecting component, and the lower end of each hoisting system 2 is connected to the top of the three sets of formwork units.

Each group of formwork units includes seven arc formworks 6 arranged in sequence along the shaft circumference, and the inner surfaces of two adjacent arc formworks 6 are connected by several horizontally arranged two-way adjustment struts 7, the leftmost and the most The top of an arc formwork 6 on the right is provided with a demoulding oil cylinder 8, the center line of the demoulding oil cylinder 8 is set along the radial direction of the shaft, and the inner sides of the two arc formworks 6 of two adjacent formwork units pass through Several horizontally arranged closing oil cylinders 9 are connected.

The adjustment formwork 5 adopts a wooden formwork, and the inner side of an arc formwork 6 on the far left and right side of each group of formwork units is fixed with an arc-shaped support rod (not shown) for positioning and supporting the adjustment formwork 5, and the adjustment formwork 5 passes the steel wire/ The wire is fastened (tied) to the curved strut.

The adjustment formwork 5 adopts wooden formwork, and the connection assembly includes several arc-shaped struts (not shown) for positioning and supporting the adjustment formwork 5. The arc-shaped struts are arranged on the leftmost arc formwork 6 and On the inside of the rightmost arc formwork 6, the arc struts are arranged horizontally and extend to the inside of the adjustment formwork 5, and the adjustment formwork 5 is fixed to the arc struts by steel wires

The cantilever hanger 1 includes two cantilever beams 10 parallel to the radial direction of the shaft; the two cantilever beams 10 are welded by horizontally arranged I-beams, and two cantilever beams 10 are horizontally arranged on the upper side of the two cantilever beams 11 , the shoulder pole beam 11 is perpendicular to the cantilever beam 10, and the two ends of the shoulder pole beam 11 are respectively vertically provided with anchor rod assemblies 12, the lower end of the anchor rod assembly 12 is pre-buried in the top pressure beam 4, and the upper end of the anchor rod assembly 12 is connected to the shoulder pole beam through a nut and a pressure plate. 11 crimp fit; the inner ends of the two cantilever beams 10 extend above the wellhead of the vertical shaft and are provided with lifting supports 13 .

The hoisting system includes an electric chain hoist 14, which is arranged on the hoisting support 13, and the hook of the electric chain hoist 14 is connected to the top of the formwork assembly 3.

The inside of each group of formwork units is fixedly provided with at least two layers of work platforms 15, and the inside of the work platforms 15 is provided with guardrails 16; the top of the arc formwork 6 is provided with several pouring and blanking guide hoppers 17 at intervals along the circumferential direction.

The middle and lower parts of the curved formwork 6 are evenly provided with several transparent observation windows 18 along the circumferential direction (for observing whether the concrete material is fully filled when pouring concrete).

The template assembly 3 in the present invention adopts 24 templates (21 arc-shaped templates 6+3 adjusting templates 5) to form a cylindrical structure, and the 21 arc-shaped templates 6 are evenly divided into three groups of template units. 3 has a total height of 3.3m, and a circle of two-way adjustable struts 7 is arranged on the inner side. Each group of formwork units can be hoisted by two hoisting systems 2, and 6 cantilever hangers 1 are arranged on the top beam 4 of the wellhead of the shaft according to the circumference. , during pouring, rely on the rigidity of the curved formwork 6 to bear the side pressure, and the curved formwork 6 is no longer provided with an inner pull or an outer top position.

Use the present invention when carrying out construction to shaft, adopt following steps:

(1) Excavate the first layer at the wellhead of the shaft, bind the steel bars, and then pour a circular top beam 4 around the wellhead, and pre-bury the anchor assembly 12 for fixing the hanger at the designated position;

(2) Excavate the second floor downwards inside the top beam 4;

(3) Binding the steel bars to be poured inside the second layer of the shaft wall;

(4) Assemble the formwork assembly 3 in the shaft;

(5) Install the cantilever hanger 1 at the protruding anchor rod assembly 12 on the top beam 4, install the electric chain hoist 14 on the cantilever hanger 1, and connect the hook at the lower end of the electric chain hoist 14 to the formwork assembly 3 up;

(6) Keep the formwork assembly 3 and the shaft on the same center line by adjusting the two-way adjustment strut 7, and start the closing oil cylinder 9 to press and connect the left and right sides of the adjustment formwork 5 with the corresponding curved formwork 6, and at the same time make the formwork assembly The outer diameter of 3 is equal to the inner diameter of the shaft; concrete is injected through several pouring and blanking guide hoppers 17 arranged at intervals on the top of formwork assembly 3;

(7) After the concrete reaches the strength requirement, it is demoulded; first start the closing oil cylinder 9, and the closing oil cylinder 9 is slightly elongated, remove the adjustment formwork, and then open the demoulding oil cylinder 8, and the vertical shaft of the demoulding oil cylinder 8 is extended radially, and the top Press the well wall that has been poured, so that each group of formwork units is separated from the concrete surface;

(8) Continue to excavate the next layer under the poured concrete, and then bind the steel bars to be poured under the poured concrete;

(9) Start the chain electric hoist 14 to make the formwork assembly 3 fall as a whole; three sets of chain electric hoists 14 (each set includes two electric hoists for hanging the same group of formwork units) can be started synchronously or adjusted separately , the formwork assembly 3 observes the synchronism of the electric chain hoist 14 at any time during the falling process; when falling conditions such as out-of-synchronization or obstructions, the electric chain hoist 14 should be stopped in time, and the cause should be found out, and then a separate adjustment method should be adopted. adjust the levelness of template 5 assembly 3 by means of

(10) After the formwork assembly 3 falls to the specified height, stop the chain electric hoist 14, start the closing oil cylinder 9, and press and connect the left and right sides of the adjustment formwork 5 with the corresponding curved formwork 6, and at the same time make the formwork assembly 3. The outer circle of the upper part is accurately overlapped with the concrete poured last time, and the verticality of the formwork 5 assembly 3 is adjusted to meet the design requirements, and then the adjustment formwork 5 is installed in place.

(11) Concrete is injected through several pouring and blanking guide hoppers 17 arranged at intervals on the top of the formwork assembly 3;

(12) Repeat steps (7)-(11) several times.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still understand the foregoing embodiments Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Inside.

Claims (7)

1. Large-diameter vertical shaft electric lift without tie rod hanging formwork system, which is characterized in that it includes cantilever hanger, hoisting system and formwork assembly; the wellhead of the shaft is poured with a circular top beam, and there are several cantilever hangers, several Each cantilever hanger is fixedly arranged on the top beam along the circumferential direction of the top beam, and each cantilever hanger is provided with one of the above-mentioned hoisting systems. The formwork assembly is a cylindrical structure as a whole, and the formwork assembly is arranged coaxially. In the vertical shaft, it is characterized in that: the formwork assembly includes three groups of formwork units arranged in the circumferential direction, an adjustment formwork is provided between the adjacent two groups of formwork units, and the inner side of the adjustment formwork is connected to the adjacent formwork units through a connecting component. The lower end of each hoisting system is connected with the tops of three sets of formwork units. 2. The formwork system for large-diameter shaft electric lifting without tie rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: each set of formwork units includes seven arc formworks arranged in sequence along the circumference of the shaft, and two adjacent arc formworks The inner surfaces are connected by several horizontally arranged two-way adjustable struts. A demoulding cylinder is installed on the top of the arc-shaped formwork on the far left and right. The center line of the demoulding cylinder is set along the radial direction of the shaft. The inner sides of the two arc-shaped formworks of the adjacent two groups of formwork units are connected by several horizontally arranged closing oil cylinders. 3. The large-diameter vertical shaft electric lifting system without tie-rod formwork hanging system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the adjustment formwork adopts wooden formwork, and the connecting components include several arc-shaped support rods for positioning and supporting the adjustment formwork, the arc-shaped support The rods are set on the inside of the leftmost arc formwork and the rightmost arc formwork of each group of formwork units. The arc support rods are set horizontally and extend to the inside of the adjustment formwork. The adjustment formwork is fixed to the arc support rods through steel wires superior. 4. According to claim 1, 2 or 3, the large-diameter shaft electric hoisting system without tie rods is characterized in that: the cantilever hanger includes two cantilever beams parallel to the radial direction of the shaft; The two cantilever beams are horizontally arranged on the upper side of the two cantilever beams, and the cantilever beams are perpendicular to the cantilever beams. The two ends of the cantilever beams are vertically equipped with anchor components, and the lower ends of the anchor components are pre-buried. In the top beam, the upper end of the anchor rod assembly is press-fitted with the shoulder beam through the nut and the pressure plate; the inner ends of the two cantilever beams extend to the top of the wellhead of the shaft and are provided with hoisting supports. 5. The large-diameter vertical shaft electric lift without tie rod formwork suspension system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the hoisting system includes an electric chain hoist, the electric chain hoist is arranged on the hoisting support, and the electric chain hoist The hook is connected to the top of the formwork assembly. 6. According to claim 2 or 3, the large-diameter shaft electric hoisting system without tie rods is characterized in that: each group of formwork units is fixed with at least two layers of work platforms inside, and guardrails are provided on the inside of the work platforms; The top of the formwork is provided with several pouring and blanking guide hoppers at intervals along the circumferential direction. 7. According to claim 2 or 3, the large-diameter shaft electric lift without tie rod formwork hanging system is characterized in that: the middle and lower parts of the arc-shaped formwork are evenly provided with several transparent observation windows along the circumferential direction.

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