CN116084465A - Waterproof step-type drainage integrated structure for basement outer wall and construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a waterproof step-type drainage integrated structure for an outer wall of a basement and a construction method, wherein the waterproof step-type drainage integrated structure comprises a substrate, a protection wall, a waterproof layer, a step-type drainage layer, a soil covering layer and a sealing cover; the invention improves the drainage effect outside the protection wall, avoids excessive water flow at the position of the protection wall and ensures the drainage effect outside the basement side wall.

Description

A waterproof step-type drainage integrated structure and construction method of basement exterior wall

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering, in particular to a waterproof step-type drainage integrated structure of a basement exterior wall and a construction method.

Background technique

In order to improve the utilization rate of the underground space, a basement is usually arranged at the bottom of the building, and the basement is usually located in the space below the ground. Due to the existence of groundwater, the waterproofing of the basement wall is a problem that must be solved in the basement construction process.

The existing basement drainage and waterproof structure is generally realized by waterproofing membranes and drainage pipes. During the specific construction of the basement, the formwork is generally supported at the bottom of the foundation pit first; then concrete is poured in the area surrounded by the formwork, and formed after the concrete solidifies. External wall: backfill soil between the outer wall of the outer wall and the inner wall of the foundation pit, and tamp the soil. This method of basement waterproofing is usually treated after water seepage occurs. This method is easy to form seepage channels in the backfill soil, causing Water penetration is serious and the waterproof effect is poor.

Based on this, it is necessary to study a waterproof stepped drainage integrated structure and construction method for the basement exterior wall to solve the problem of poor waterproofing of the basement cushion, ensure the overall effectiveness of the waterproofing of the basement cushion, and provide a reliable foundation for the basement structure. Waterproof quality.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a basement outdoor wall waterproof stepped drainage integrated structure and construction method, which effectively solves the problem of poor waterproof effect of the existing basement waterproof and drainage integrated structure.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a waterproof stepped drainage integrated structure for the basement wall, including a base, a protective wall, a waterproof layer, a stepped drainage layer, a soil covering layer and a cover; A foundation cushion is provided, and a protective wall is arranged vertically on the upper part of the foundation cushion, and a waterproof layer is arranged on the outside of the protective wall, and a stepped drainage layer is arranged in the area between the protective wall and the foundation pit, and the stepped drainage The layer includes a lower stepped cushion, drainage blind ditch and an upper cushion. The lower stepped cushion is laid on the foundation cushion, and its upper part is a multi-section stepped structure, and the stepped platform is in the The raised shape is close to the protective wall, and a drainage blind ditch is set on each stepped platform, and a concealed drainage pipe is arranged in each drainage blind ditch, and the upper cushion is laid on the upper part of the lower stepped cushion, so The covering soil layer is laid on the upper part of the upper cushion layer, and a protective board and waterproof coiled material are arranged between the protective wall and the side wall of the basement. Overburden.

Further, a linoleum is provided on the upper part of the foundation cushion, and a protective wall is constructed and arranged on the upper part of the linoleum.

Further, the waterproof layer wraps the upper part and the inner and outer sides of the protective wall to form a waterproof structure on the inner and outer sides of the protective wall, and the waterproof coiled material is laid on the foundation cushion and folded and fixed to the waterproof layer of the protective wall superior.

Further, the protection wall is made of bricks, and the waterproof layer is a waterproof coating painted on the outside of the protection wall.

Further, the lower stepped cushion is arranged with at least 2 steps, and the width of each step decreases as it gets closer to the side wall of the basement.

Further, the drainage blind ditch is arranged in the middle area of each step.

Further, a water-retaining layer is provided on the side of the lower stepped cushion.

A method for constructing a waterproof step-type drainage integrated structure of a basement exterior wall, characterized in that it includes the following steps,

Step 1: Excavate the soil layer according to the design drawings to form the basement pit structure, compact the base, and construct the foundation cushion;

Step 2, according to the drawings, a linoleum is arranged on the upper part of the foundation cushion, a protective wall is built with bricks on the upper part of the linoleum, and then a waterproof layer is painted on the outside of the protective wall;

Step 3: Construct protective panels and waterproof membranes on the inner side of the protective wall. The waterproof membranes are laid horizontally from the foundation cushion first, and then folded upwards and fixed to the side of the protective wall; Construct the protection board, arrange steel bars on the protection board, then arrange the inner formwork, and pour concrete between the inner formwork and the protection board to form the side wall of the basement;

Step 4: Lay a stepped cushion between the protection wall and the side wall of the foundation pit and tamp it down, then excavate a drainage blind ditch in the middle of each step surface, and lay filling and concealed drainage pipes in the drainage blind ditch;

Step 5, set the water-retaining layer on each side of the lower stepped cushion, then lay the upper cushion on the upper part of the lower stepped cushion, and tamp it; then construct the covering soil layer on the upper part of the upper cushion; finally construct the cover, Seal the upper part of the protective wall.

The beneficial effect of the above-mentioned technical solution is: aiming at the problem of poor waterproof effect existing in the existing waterproof and drainage integrated structure, the present invention arranges a lower stepped cushion between the protective wall and the side wall of the foundation pit, and this structure protects A stepped waterproof structure is formed between the wall and the side wall of the foundation pit, and a drainage blind ditch is set on each stepped platform, and then according to the preset depth, a relatively deep drainage is arranged at the far end far away from the protective wall. Deep drainage blind ditch, deep water will be drained outward through the drainage blind ditch here, and gradually rising drainage blind ditch will be set up as it goes inward, so that the water inflow from the side of the foundation pit will be drained sequentially, and reach When protecting the wall, the amount of water is greatly reduced, so it has a better waterproof effect.

And in further implementation, in the process of gradually moving inward, the width of the step-shaped platform gradually decreases, and the width of the drainage blind ditch also decreases accordingly, forming a structure with large drainage and wide span on the outside, and forming a structure with small drainage on the inside. , a structure with a narrow width to ensure the drainage effect; at the same time, the present invention is provided with a water-retaining layer on the stepped vertical surface, thereby forming a plurality of vertical water-retaining structures, forming a barrier in each blind drainage ditch area to provide Waterproof effect.

Thus, the present invention has a novel structure. Firstly, the foundation cushion is constructed, and then the protective wall is constructed on the foundation cushion, and the protective wall is used as the boundary support structure, and the waterproof coiled material and the protective plate are constructed on the inner side of the protective wall. The protective plate is Concrete-cast cement slab structure, on which steel bars are tied, and then external formwork is arranged on the outside to pour the basement side wall; at the same time, a stepped waterproof structure is formed on the outside of the protective wall, and a waterproof and drainage integrated structure is formed on the outside of the protective wall. Improve the drainage effect outside the protective wall, avoid excessive water flow at the protective wall, and arrange the height of the stepped cushion according to the highest water level of the construction environment during construction to ensure that the water can be fully and effectively discharged. An effective waterproof structure that can be directly drained is established on the outside to ensure the drainage effect on the outside of the side wall of the basement.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the construction flowchart of the present invention.

Reference signs: 1 is foundation cushion, 2 is linoleum, 3 is protective wall, 4 is waterproof layer, 5 is waterproof membrane, 6 is basement side wall, 7 is lower step cushion, 8 is drainage blind ditch, 9 is a hidden drainage pipe, 10 is an upper cushion, 11 is a covering layer, 12 is a cover, 13 is a water retaining layer, and 14 is a protective plate.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:

Embodiment 1. This embodiment aims to provide a waterproof stepped drainage integrated structure and construction method for the basement exterior wall, which is mainly used for the waterproof structure of the exterior wall of the basement structure. Through the cracks inside and outside the basement, groundwater seeps into the basement through the cracks, and the existing treatment method for waterproofing is to fill in the cracks, which is very passive. In order to solve this problem, this embodiment provides a basement outdoor Wall waterproof stepped drainage integrated structure.

As shown in Figure 1, a waterproof stepped drainage integrated structure for the basement exterior wall includes a base, a protective wall 3, a waterproof layer 4, a stepped drainage layer, a covering layer 11 and a cover 12; in this embodiment, the foundation pit is excavated first , and the base of the foundation pit is provided with a foundation cushion 1. After the construction of the foundation cushion 1 is completed, it is tamped, and then the protection wall 3 is arranged vertically on the top of the foundation cushion 1 according to the drawings. The protection wall 3 is constructed during construction. Firstly, a linoleum 2 is arranged on the upper part of the base cushion in the selected area, and a protective wall 3 is arranged on the upper part of the linoleum 2. The protective wall 3 is made of bricks. Specifically, a multi-layer horizontal brick masonry process can be used. After the masonry is completed, a waterproof layer is installed on the outside of the protective wall. The waterproof layer is a waterproof coating painted on the outer side of the protective wall. The waterproof layer wraps the upper part and the inner and outer sides of the protective wall to form a waterproof layer on the inner and outer sides of the protective wall. structure.

During implementation, the protective wall 3 is arranged vertically, and a stepped drainage layer is arranged in the area between the protective wall 3 and the side wall of the foundation pit. The stepped drainage layer includes a lower stepped cushion 7, a drainage blind ditch 8 and an upper cushion Layer 10, the lower stepped cushion layer 7 is laid on the foundation cushion layer 1, and its upper part is a multi-section stepped structure, as shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment shows two stepped structures, and the stepped platform starts from the protective wall The distance is elevated and close to the protective wall 3 , and a drainage blind ditch 8 is arranged on each stepped platform, and a concealed drainage pipe 9 is arranged in each drainage blind ditch 8 .

In this embodiment, the step-shaped drainage structure is set between the side wall of the foundation pit and the protective wall. The purpose of setting it is to form a stepped waterproof structure between the protective wall and the side wall of the foundation pit. depth, and a drainage blind ditch is set on each stepped platform, and then according to the preset depth, a deeper drainage blind ditch is arranged at the far end far away from the protective wall, and the deep water in the distance will pass through the far The blind drainage ditch drains outwards, and gradually raises the blind drainage ditch as it goes inward, so that the water inflow from the side of the foundation pit is drained sequentially, and the water volume is greatly reduced when it reaches the protective wall, thus having a relatively large Good waterproof effect.

The upper cushion layer 10 is laid on the upper part of the lower stepped cushion layer 7, and the lower stepped cushion layer 7 is covered on the bottom, and the lower stepped cushion layer 7 and the upper cushion layer 10 are arranged correspondingly according to the historical depth of underground water seal at different construction sites. height, so that the water flow can be fully drained, the covering soil layer 11 is laid on the upper part of the upper cushion layer 10, and the protection board 14 and the waterproof coiled material 5 are arranged between the protective wall 3 and the basement side wall 6, and the foundation for laying the waterproof coiled material 5 On the cushion layer, and folded and fixed to the waterproof layer of the protection wall 3, the cover is arranged on the top of the protection wall 3, its inner side leans against the basement side wall, and the outer side goes deep into the covering soil layer 11.

When working, this embodiment also provides a construction method for the waterproof stepped drainage integrated structure of the basement exterior wall, which includes the following steps,

Step 1: Excavate the soil layer according to the design drawings to form the basement pit structure, compact the base, and construct the foundation cushion;

Step 2: measure the construction point of the setting-out protective wall according to the drawing, and then set a linoleum on the upper part of the foundation cushion, build a protective wall with bricks on the upper part of the linoleum, and then paint a waterproof layer on the outside of the protective wall;

Step 3: Construct protective panels and waterproof membranes on the inner side of the protective wall. The waterproof membranes are laid horizontally from the foundation cushion first, and then folded upwards and fixed to the side of the protective wall; Construct the protection board, arrange steel bars on the protection board, then arrange the inner formwork, and pour concrete between the inner formwork and the protection board to form the side wall of the basement;

Step 4: Lay a stepped cushion between the protection wall and the side wall of the foundation pit and tamp it down, then excavate a drainage blind ditch in the middle of each step surface, and lay filling and concealed drainage pipes in the drainage blind ditch;

Step 5, set the water-retaining layer on each side of the lower stepped cushion, then lay the upper cushion on the upper part of the lower stepped cushion, and tamp it; then construct the covering soil layer on the upper part of the upper cushion; finally construct the cover, Seal the upper part of the protective wall.

In this embodiment, after the foundation pit is completed, the foundation cushion construction is first carried out, and then the protection wall is constructed on the foundation cushion, and the protection wall is used as the boundary support structure, and the waterproof coil is constructed on the protection wall and the foundation cushion, and then The outer construction protection board of the waterproof membrane, the protection board is a cement board structure poured with concrete, which is used as a fixed waterproof membrane structure and an inner formwork structure of the outer wall of the basement. The protection board is fixed on the protection wall, and steel bars are tied on it. The outer formwork is arranged on the outer side of the steel bars to pour the side wall of the basement; at the same time, this embodiment forms a stepped waterproof structure on the outer side of the protective wall, and forms a waterproof and drainage integrated structure on the outer side of the protective wall. This structure can make the protective wall have a Good drainage effect, combined with the waterproof and water-retaining characteristics of the protective wall itself, improves the drainage effect outside the protective wall, avoids excessive water flow at the protective wall, and arranges a stepped cushion according to the highest water level of the construction environment during construction The height of the layout ensures that the water flow can be fully and effectively discharged, and an effective and direct drainage waterproof structure is established on the outside of the protective wall to ensure the drainage effect of the outside of the basement side wall.

Embodiment 2, this embodiment further illustrates the structure of the lower stepped cushion layer.

In this embodiment, the lower stepped cushion layer 7 is arranged with at least 2 steps, and the width of each step decreases as it gradually approaches the side wall of the basement; the blind drainage ditch 8 is arranged in the middle area of each step, and this structure can In the process of gradually moving inward, the width of the step-shaped table surface gradually decreases, and the width of the drainage blind ditch 8 also decreases accordingly, forming a structure with a large drainage volume and a wide span on the outside, and a structure with a small drainage volume and a narrow width inside. to ensure drainage.

At the same time, the present invention is provided with a water-retaining layer 13 on the side of the lower stepped cushion; by being provided with a water-retaining layer 13 on the stepped vertical surface, a plurality of vertical water-retaining structures are formed. Forms a barrier to provide waterproofing.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still The technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced equivalently, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A basement outdoor wall waterproof stepped drainage integrated structure is characterized in that it comprises a base, a protective wall, a waterproof layer, a stepped drainage layer, a soil covering layer and a cover; the base is provided with a base cushion, and the base The upper part of the cushion layer is arranged with a protective wall along the vertical construction, and a waterproof layer is arranged on the outer side of the protective wall, and a stepped drainage layer is arranged in the area between the protective wall and the foundation pit, and the stepped drainage layer includes a lower stepped cushion, The drainage blind ditch and the upper cushion, the lower stepped cushion is laid on the foundation cushion, the upper part of which is a multi-section stepped structure, and the stepped platform is raised from the far side of the protective wall and close to the protective wall. Each step-shaped platform is provided with a drainage blind ditch, and each drainage blind ditch is equipped with a concealed drainage pipe. The upper cushion layer is laid on the upper part of the lower step-shaped cushion layer, and the covering soil layer is laid on the upper cushion layer. The upper part of the protective wall and the basement side wall is provided with a protective plate and a waterproof coiled material. The cover is arranged on the upper part of the protective wall, and its inner side is against the basement side wall, and its outer side is deep into the covering soil. 2. The waterproof stepped drainage integrated structure of the basement exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: a linoleum is arranged on the upper part of the foundation cushion, and a protective wall is constructed and arranged on the upper part of the linoleum. 3. The waterproof stepped drainage integrated structure of the basement exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: the waterproof layer wraps the upper part and the inner and outer sides of the protective wall, forming a waterproof structure on the inner and outer sides of the protective wall. The waterproof membrane is laid on the base cushion, and it is folded and fixed to the waterproof layer of the protective wall. 4. The waterproof stepped drainage integrated structure of the basement exterior wall according to claim 1, wherein the protection wall is made of bricks, and the waterproof layer is a waterproof layer painted on the outside of the protection wall. coating. 5. The waterproof stepped drainage integrated structure of the basement exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower stepped cushion layer is arranged with at least 2 steps, and the width of each step increases as it gradually approaches the side wall of the basement. zoom out. 6. The waterproof step-type drainage integrated structure of the basement exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: the blind drainage ditch is arranged in the middle area of each step. 7. The waterproof step-type drainage integrated structure of the basement exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: a water-retaining layer is provided on the side of the lower step-shaped cushion. 8. A construction method for a waterproof step-type drainage integrated structure of a basement exterior wall, characterized in that it comprises the following steps, Step 1: Excavate the soil layer according to the design drawings to form the basement pit structure, compact the base, and construct the foundation cushion; Step 2, according to the drawings, a linoleum is arranged on the upper part of the foundation cushion, a protective wall is built with bricks on the upper part of the linoleum, and then a waterproof layer is painted on the outside of the protective wall; Step 3: Construct protective panels and waterproof membranes on the inner side of the protective wall. The waterproof membranes are laid horizontally from the foundation cushion first, and then folded upwards and fixed to the side of the protective wall; Construct the protection board, arrange steel bars on the protection board, then arrange the inner formwork, and pour concrete between the inner formwork and the protection board to form the side wall of the basement; Step 4: Lay a stepped cushion between the protection wall and the side wall of the foundation pit and tamp it down, then excavate a drainage blind ditch in the middle of each step surface, and lay filling and concealed drainage pipes in the drainage blind ditch; Step 5, set the water-retaining layer on each side of the lower stepped cushion, then lay the upper cushion on the upper part of the lower stepped cushion, and tamp it; then construct the covering soil layer on the upper part of the upper cushion; finally construct the cover, Seal the upper part of the protective wall.

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