CN116078976A - Multidirectional die forging forming die for bearing saddle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a bearing saddle multi-directional die forging forming die, which relates to the technical field of bearing saddle forging dies. The bearing saddle multi-directional die forging forming die includes an upper mold, a lower mold and a horizontal punch, and the upper mold, the lower mold and the tips of the horizontal punch are molded together to form a cavity in the shape of a bearing saddle. The mold provided by the invention ensures that the accuracy of different dimensions of the right groove, the side surface and the ground meet the requirements of use, without the need for subsequent mechanical processing, the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the product are significantly improved, the service life of the equipment is extended, and the maintenance cost of the equipment is saved.

Description

Bearing saddle multi-directional die forging forming die

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of forging dies for bearing saddles, in particular to a multi-directional forging die for bearing saddles.

Background technique

Bearing saddles are used on freight train carriages and are important accessories for the running part of freight trains. The bearing saddle is installed between the bogie side frame and the rolling bearing of the freight train. During the running of the freight train, it bears and transmits the wear caused by contact with the bogie side frame and the bearing. If the bearing saddle wears excessively, it will seriously affect the normal operation of the train. At present, domestic bearing saddles mainly adopt the casting molding process. The mechanical properties of the products are relatively low, and they are prone to wear during use. Once the wear is difficult to repair later, it often needs to be replaced as a whole, resulting in waste of raw materials and high equipment maintenance costs.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a bearing saddle multi-directional forging forming die, which can improve the mechanical properties of the product, improve the wear resistance and service life of the bearing saddle forgings, and save equipment maintenance costs.

In order to achieve this technical purpose, the present invention adopts the following scheme: the bearing saddle multi-directional die forging forming die includes three parts of upper die, lower die and horizontal punch, and the upper die includes upper punch connecting plate, upper die sleeve, upper die Core backing plate, upper punch top plate, upper punch side plate and upper punch semi-circular platform; lower die includes lower ejector pin, lower die sleeve, lower die core backing plate, lower module, lower die core; horizontal punch includes horizontal The root of the punch, the connecting rod of the horizontal punch, and the tip of the horizontal punch.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that: the mold provided by the present invention ensures that the different dimensional accuracy of the oil groove, the side surface and the bottom surface meet the requirements of use, without the need for subsequent mechanical processing, the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the product are significantly improved, and the equipment is extended. Long service life, saving equipment maintenance costs.

Further, the lower mold core backing plate is placed on the lower mold sleeve, the lower mold core is placed on the lower mold core backing plate, the lower part of the lower mold core is provided with a cylindrical cavity, and a slidingly connected lower module is housed in the cylindrical cavity, and the lower mold core The upper part is provided with a mold cavity, and the side walls of the lower mold core on both sides of the mold cavity are provided with symmetrically arranged rectangular notches, the rectangular notch is equipped with a horizontal punch tip, and the upper end surface of the horizontal punch tip is attached to the upper mold; The top plate of the upper punch is placed on the tip of the horizontal punch. The left and right sides of the top plate of the upper punch are respectively attached to the inner wall of the side plate of the upper punch. The upper part of the side plate of the upper punch and the top plate of the upper punch are embedded in the upper punch. In the connection plate; the inner side wall of the lower part of the side plate of the upper punch is linked with the end face of the upper punch semi-circular table, the upper punch semi-circular table is placed in the mold cavity of the lower die core, the upper end surface of the upper punch semi-circular table is connected to the top of the upper punch The lower surface of the plate is keyed, and the arc surface of the upper punch semi-circular table is provided with a groove structure that matches the bearing saddle; the lower die core, the lower module, the tip of the horizontal punch, the upper punch semi-circular table, and the upper punch side plate , The top plate of the upper punch and the connecting plate of the upper punch are molded together to form a saddle-shaped cavity.

Further, the upper surface of the lower module is respectively provided with blank positioning arc grooves, and the positioning arc grooves extend to the bottom surface of the mold cavity of the lower mold core.

Further, a vertical through hole is opened in the middle of the backing plate of the lower mold core, and a lower ejector rod is installed in the through hole, and the upper end of the lower ejector rod is connected with the lower module.

Further, the upper surface and the side wall of the semicircular table of the upper punch are respectively provided with positioning grooves, and the lower surface of the top plate of the upper punch and the side plates of the upper punch are respectively provided with positioning projections, and the positioning projections are clamped in the positioning grooves.

Further, the lower end surface of the upper punch connecting plate is provided with a cross card slot, and the upper punch top plate and the upper punch side plate are embedded in the cross card slot.

Further, the upper mold assembly also includes an upper core backing plate, which is placed on the upper punch connecting plate.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a bearing saddle multi-directional forging forming die provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is A-A sectional view among Fig. 1;

Figure 3 is a partial assembly view of the upper punch provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the upper punch semi-circular table provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the lower mold core provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a lower module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the sectional view of the lower die provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a diagram of the initial placement position of the round bar provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the lower mold assembly after the lower module is reset and the tip of the horizontal punch is predefined according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is the forging completion figure provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

The marks in the figure are: 1. Lower ejector pin; 2. Lower mold core backing plate; 3. Lower mold core; 4. Lower module; 5. Tip of horizontal punch; 6. Upper punch semicircle platform; 7. Upper punch Head top plate; 8. Upper punch connecting plate; 9. Upper die core backing plate; 10. Upper punch side plate; 11. Positioning arc groove; 12. Round bar material; 13. Bearing saddle forging.

Detailed ways

In order to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail through the following specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

A bearing saddle multi-directional die forging forming die is composed of an upper die, a lower die and a horizontal punch. The horizontal punch is composed of a horizontal punch root, a horizontal punch connecting rod, and a horizontal punch tip 5. The upper die, The lower mold and the horizontal punch tip 5 are closed to obtain a saddle-shaped cavity structure, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 .

The upper die is composed of an upper die core backing plate 9, an upper punch connecting plate 8, an upper punch side plate 10, an upper punch top plate 7 and an upper punch semicircle table 6, and the lower surface of the upper die core backing plate 9 and the upper punch The upper surface of the connecting plate 8 is attached, and the middle part of the lower surface of the upper punch connecting plate 8 is provided with a cross card slot, and the upper punch top plate 7 and the upper punch side plate 10 are clamped in the cross card slot. The lengths of the X and Y axes of the upper punch top plate 7 are smaller than the corresponding dimensions of the slot, and the clearance on one side is 0.2 mm. The upper punch side plate 10 is attached to both sides of the end surface of the upper punch top plate 7 parallel to the Y axis to form a cross-shaped structure. Wall fit.

As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the upper punch semi-circular table 6 and the upper punch top plate 7, the upper punch semi-circular table 6 and the upper punch side plate 10 are positioned by square keys and connected by screws. The specific structure is: the upper punch The semi-circular table 6 is placed horizontally, with the arc face facing downwards and the horizontal face facing upwards. The center of the horizontal plane is provided with a first positioning groove, and the center of the lower surface of the upper punch top plate 7 is provided with a positioning block, which is embedded in the positioning groove. The arc-shaped surface of the upper punch semi-circular platform 6 is provided with a structure matching the saddle surface ring belt and the oil groove of the bearing saddle. The two semicircular end faces of the upper punch semi-circular table 6 are respectively provided with a second positioning groove, and the lower part of the side wall of the upper punch side plate 10 is provided with a second positioning block, and the second positioning block is embedded in the second positioning groove.

The outer edge of the lower surface of the upper punch top plate 7 is attached to the upper surface of the horizontal punch tip 5, and the horizontal punch tip 5 is inserted in the lower die.

The lower mold is composed of the lower mold core 3, the lower module 4, the lower mold core backing plate 2 and the lower mold sleeve, etc. The upper part of the lower mold core 3 in the axial center has the same mold cavity as the main structure of the middle part of the bearing saddle. The mold cavity side walls of the lower mold core 3 symmetrical to the center line of the Y axis are respectively provided with rectangular notches, the notches are used to place the horizontal punch tip 5, and the horizontal punch tip 5 is two cuboid blocks. Place a cuboid block.

A cylindrical cavity is provided at the lower part of the axial center of the lower mold core 3 , and the mold cavity communicates with the cylindrical cavity to form a stepped structure. The lower module 4 , which is slidingly connected, is installed in the cylindrical cavity, as shown in FIG. 5 . The center of the upper surface of the lower module 4 is provided with a positioning arc-shaped groove 11, as shown in Figure 6, the positioning arc-shaped groove 11 extends to the upper surface of the step of the mold cavity, and the positioning arc-shaped groove 11 is used to limit the round bar 12, such as Figure 7 shows. The lower surface of the lower mold core 3 is attached to the upper surface of the lower mold core backing plate 2, the lower mold core backing plate 2 is placed on the lower mold sleeve, and a through hole is opened in the center of the lower mold core backing plate 2, and a slide is installed in the through hole. The connected lower ejector rod 1, the upper end of the lower ejector rod 1 is connected with the lower end of the lower module 4 through straight pins.

When the mold is assembled, the symmetrical centerlines of all parts in the Z-axis direction are collinear. The upper mold is connected with the movable beam of the hydraulic press, and the vertical forming force is provided by the vertical cylinder of the hydraulic press, the lower mold is connected with the working table of the hydraulic press, and the tip 5 of the horizontal punch is connected with the horizontal cylinder of the hydraulic press, and the horizontal forming force is provided by the horizontal cylinder.

The forming method is as follows:

S1. Blank blanking: The blank is made of Φ140mm round bar 12 with a length of about 260mm. The diameter of the blank can meet the requirement that the length of the blank is not much different from that of the bearing saddle forging 13, ensuring the forming quality of the forging.

S2. Mold installation: Install the mold according to the mold structure, and ensure the positioning accuracy of the mold installation and the alignment accuracy of the upper mold and the lower mold. The alignment accuracy does not exceed ±0.3mm.

S3. Heating: The billet is heated to the initial forging temperature of 1220±20°C, the holding time is not less than 0.5h, and the total heating time is not less than 1.2h to ensure uniform heating; the mold is preheated to 200±20°C with an electric heating belt, and the total The warm-up time is not less than 4h.

S4. Forging:

S4-1. After the billet and mold reach the set temperature, and the billet meets the holding time requirement, it is ready for forging.

S4-2. Place the blank: the distance between the upper mold and the upper surface of the lower mold is 400mm (that is, the distance between the upper surface of the lower mold core and the lower surface of the semi-circular table of the upper punch), the lower module 4 moves up about 200mm along the Z axis, and the round bar 12 is placed on the lower The module 4 is positioned in the arc-shaped groove 11, as shown in FIG. 8, and then the lower module 4 is returned to the initial position, and the round bar 12 is positioned on the bottom surface of the mold cavity of the lower mold core 3.

S4-3. Pre-positioning of the horizontal punch tip 5: the horizontal punch tip 5 is pre-defined in advance to about 10mm into the cavity of the lower mold core 3, as shown in Figure 9, to improve the flow of metal and prevent longitudinal flashing generation.

S4-4. The overall downward movement of the upper mold: the upper mold adopts a displacement control method to meet the height and dimension requirements. When the overall forging of the upper mold reaches the set value of 400mm, the downward movement is stopped.

S4-5. Counter-extrusion at the tip of the horizontal punch 5: the tip of the horizontal punch 5 adopts a pressure control method to ensure the filling quality of the forging; the tip of the horizontal punch 5 is pressed against the X-axis until the pressure reaches the set value When the value is 300 bar, the horizontal punch tip 5 stops extrusion, and the forging process is completed, as shown in FIG. 10 .

S4-6. Transferring forgings: The upper mold as a whole moves upward along the Z axis and is 400mm away from the overall upper surface of the lower mold (that is, the distance between the upper surface of the lower mold core and the lower surface of the semi-circular table 6 of the upper punch), and then the lower ejector rod 1, the lower The lower ejection mechanism composed of modules 4 ejects the saddle forging 13 with an ejection height of 200mm, and is transferred to the conveyor chain by the manipulator.

After the heat treatment of the bearing saddle forgings, the mechanical properties are tested, and the mechanical and impact samples are prepared from the length of the top surface of the forging, the width direction and the side length direction. After the samples are processed to the standard size, the tensile and impact properties are tested, and the mechanical properties are tested. The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Mechanical properties of saddle forgings

It can be seen from Table 1 that the measured average value of the mechanical properties of the forging in each direction is higher than the minimum standard value, and the measured data of the mechanical properties of the three directions are not much different. The bearing saddle forging produced by the multi-directional die forging forming process, the material is compressed in three directions, the structure is more compact, and the product performance is more uniform and excellent.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above enumerations are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and of course those skilled in the art can modify and modify the present invention, provided that these modifications and modifications belong to the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies All should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a bearing saddle multidirectional die forging forming die which characterized in that: the upper die comprises an upper punch connecting plate, an upper die sleeve, an upper die core backing plate, an upper punch top plate, an upper punch side plate and an upper punch half round table; the lower die comprises a lower ejector rod, a lower die sleeve, a lower die core backing plate, a lower die block and a lower die core; the horizontal punch comprises a horizontal punch root, a horizontal punch connecting rod and a horizontal punch tip.

2. The adapter multi-die forging forming die as set forth in claim 1, wherein,

a lower die core backing plate is placed on the lower die sleeve, a lower die core is placed on the lower die core backing plate, a cylindrical cavity is formed in the lower part of the lower die core, a lower die block which is in sliding connection is arranged in the cylindrical cavity, a die cavity is formed in the upper part of the lower die core, rectangular gaps which are symmetrically arranged are formed in the side walls of the lower die cores on two sides of the die cavity, horizontal punch tips are arranged in the rectangular gaps, and the upper end faces of the horizontal punch tips are attached to the upper die;

an upper punch top plate is placed on the tip of the horizontal punch, the left side and the right side of the upper punch top plate are respectively attached to the inner side wall of the upper punch side plate, and the upper part of the upper punch side plate and the upper punch top plate are embedded in an upper punch connecting plate;

the inner side wall of the lower part of the upper punch side plate is in key connection with the end face of an upper punch semicircular table, the upper punch semicircular table is placed in a die cavity of a lower die core, the upper end face of the upper punch semicircular table is in key connection with the lower surface of an upper punch top plate, and the arc-shaped face of the upper punch semicircular table is provided with a groove structure matched with the bearing saddle;

the lower die core, the lower die block, the horizontal punch tip, the upper punch half round table, the upper punch side plate, the upper punch top plate and the upper punch connecting plate are matched to form a cavity in the shape of a bearing saddle.

3. The adapter multi-directional die forging forming die according to claim 1, wherein blank positioning arc-shaped grooves are respectively formed in the upper surface of the lower die block, and the positioning arc-shaped grooves extend to the bottom surface of the lower die core die cavity.

4. The multi-directional die forging forming die for the bearing saddle according to claim 1, wherein a vertical through hole is formed in the middle of the lower die core base plate, a lower ejector rod is arranged in the through hole in a penetrating mode, and the upper end of the lower ejector rod is connected with the lower die block.

5. The adapter multi-directional die forging forming die according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface and the side wall of the upper punch half round table are respectively provided with a positioning groove, and the lower surface of the upper punch top plate and the upper punch side plate are respectively provided with a positioning lug which is clamped in the positioning groove.

6. The adapter multi-directional die forging forming die according to claim 1, wherein a cross clamping groove is formed in the lower end face of the upper punch connecting plate, and an upper punch top plate and an upper punch side plate are embedded in the cross clamping groove.

7. The adapter multi-directional swaging forming die of claim 1, wherein the upper die assembly further includes an upper die core backing plate that is placed on the upper punch connecting plate.

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