CN116068277A - Insulation resistance testing device and method for mechanical insulation joint in station - Google Patents

Insulation resistance testing device and method for mechanical insulation joint in station Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116068277A
CN116068277A CN202310200857.7A CN202310200857A CN116068277A CN 116068277 A CN116068277 A CN 116068277A CN 202310200857 A CN202310200857 A CN 202310200857A CN 116068277 A CN116068277 A CN 116068277A
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China
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insulation
insulation resistance
joint
transformer
rail
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谢文磊
贾向武
张奎刚
乔志超
杨晓锋
高佳佳
王昭卿
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CRSC Research and Design Institute Group Co Ltd
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CRSC Research and Design Institute Group Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • G01R27/025Measuring very high resistances, e.g. isolation resistances, i.e. megohm-meters

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Abstract

The embodiment of the disclosure discloses a device and a method for testing insulation resistance of an in-station mechanical insulation joint, wherein the device comprises: insulation resistance tester, rail and mutual inductor; the insulation resistance tester is connected with the transformer, the transformer completely surrounds the steel rail, and the transformer is used for collecting current flowing through the steel rail; the insulation resistance tester is connected with two test heads, the two test heads are respectively contacted with steel rails at two ends of the insulation joint, and the voltage difference between the steel rails at two ends of the insulation joint is obtained through measurement; the insulation resistance tester calculates an insulation joint resistance value according to the measured current and the voltage difference. By utilizing the exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the voltage and the current applied to the tested insulation resistor can be synchronously tested, the influence of peripheral equivalent resistance is eliminated, and the accuracy of a test result is ensured.

Description

Insulation resistance testing device and method for mechanical insulation joint in station
Technical Field
The embodiment of the disclosure relates to the technical field of semiconductors, in particular to an insulation resistance testing device and method for an in-station mechanical insulation joint.
Background
The track circuits in the railway stations of China realize the electric isolation among the sections through mechanical insulation joints. When the insulation resistance of the mechanical insulation joint is reduced in the electrochemical section, leakage flow is generated between adjacent sections, so that the normal operation of the track circuit is influenced, and when the leakage flow is severe, the signal transmission of the track circuit is influenced, the normal operation of the vehicle-mounted equipment is influenced, and the signal is updated. Therefore, the driving safety of the train is directly affected by the mechanical insulation. Based on the above situation, maintenance personnel need to maintain and overhaul the mechanical insulation joint regularly. The main technical index of the mechanical insulation joint is insulation resistance, which is the insulation degree of the conductor to the outside. A DC voltage is applied to the dielectric, and after a certain period of time of polarization, the resistance corresponding to the leakage current flowing through the dielectric is called insulation resistance.
At present, an insulation resistance testing device for an in-station mechanical insulation joint tests the voltage of insulation resistance through two test meter pens, calculates an insulation resistance value according to internal current, and as shown in fig. 1, R in fig. 1 represents the resistance at two ends of the in-station mechanical insulation joint. Therefore, when the insulation resistance of the mechanical insulation joint in the station is tested, the problem that the test value is inaccurate and the resistance value is changed greatly exists, and the problem mainly occurs in the cutting insulation position in the turnout.
In the electrified section, as the insulation sections are communicated by the choke transformer, the far end ground of the steel rail and the like, as shown in fig. 2-3 (R is insulation resistance in fig. 3, R is equivalent to parallel equivalent resistance), parallel loops exist at two ends of the tested insulation sections, the loop resistance is regarded as an open circuit by the existing test equipment, and the resistance after the parallel connection of the rail end insulation resistance and the loop resistance is regarded as a rail end insulation resistance value, so that the insulation resistance condition cannot be truly reflected; in the test process, the parallel loop may have conditions of train occupation, operation and the like, and the loop resistance value changes, so that differences appear between test results each time.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the disclosure provides an insulation resistance testing device and method for an in-station mechanical insulation joint, which are used for solving or relieving one or more of the technical problems in the prior art.
According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an in-station mechanical insulation joint insulation resistance testing device, comprising: insulation resistance tester, rail and mutual inductor;
the insulation resistance tester is connected with the transformer, the transformer completely surrounds the steel rail, and the transformer is used for collecting current flowing through the steel rail;
the insulation resistance tester is connected with two test heads, the two test heads are respectively contacted with steel rails at two ends of the insulation joint, and the voltage difference between the steel rails at two ends of the insulation joint is obtained through measurement;
the insulation resistance tester calculates an insulation joint resistance value according to the measured current and the voltage difference.
In one possible implementation, the distance between the two test heads and the transformer is greater than or equal to 50cm.
In one possible implementation, the two test headers are a first header and a second header, respectively;
three interfaces are arranged on the insulation resistance tester, namely a first gauge outfit interface, a second gauge outfit interface and a mutual inductor interface;
the first gauge outfit interface is used for connecting first gauge outfit, and the second gauge outfit interface is used for connecting the second gauge outfit, and the mutual-inductor interface is used for connecting the mutual-inductor.
In one possible implementation, the insulation resistance tester includes a display for voltage display, current display, resistance display, power display, and sensing parameter display.
In one possible implementation, the insulation resistance tester is also used for short-circuit protection.
In one possible implementation, the method further includes: and the breakdown test unit is used for applying voltages with different magnitudes to different insulation joints to perform breakdown test.
According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an insulation resistance testing method of an in-station mechanical insulation joint, comprising:
installing a transformer so that the transformer completely surrounds the steel rail;
collecting current flowing through the steel rail through the transformer;
respectively contacting two test heads connected with an insulation resistance tester with steel rails at two ends of an insulation joint to obtain the voltage difference of the steel rails at two ends of the insulation joint;
and calculating the resistance value of the insulating joint according to the current flowing through the steel rail and the voltage difference of the steel rails at the two ends of the insulating joint.
In one possible implementation, when the two test heads connected with the insulation resistance tester respectively contact the steel rails at the two ends of the insulation joint, the distance between the two test heads and the mutual inductor
Figure SMS_1
50cm。
In one possible implementation, the voltage display, the current display, the resistance display, the power display and the induction parameter display are performed through an insulation resistance tester.
In one possible implementation, the short-circuit protection is performed by the insulation resistance tester.
In one possible implementation, before said installing the transformer, the transformer completely surrounds the rail, it comprises:
breakdown tests were performed by applying voltages of different magnitudes for different insulation segments.
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure have the following advantageous effects: by utilizing the exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the voltage and the current applied to the tested insulation resistor can be synchronously tested, the influence of peripheral equivalent resistance is eliminated, and the accuracy of a test result is ensured; the problem that a common current transformer cannot measure the current on a steel rail is solved, the flexible current transformer technology is used in the exemplary embodiment, and the testing precision under the condition of small current can be ensured to reach +/-5% through an internal algorithm; the exemplary embodiment applies voltages of different magnitudes to different insulation joints through an adaptive algorithm to perform breakdown test, eliminates the possible existence of 'diode-like characteristic' of the insulation resistance of the rail end, and ensures measurement accuracy.
The details of one or more embodiments of the application are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features and advantages of the present application will be apparent from the accompanying drawings of the specification. It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the drawings in the following description are merely examples of the disclosure and that other drawings may be derived from them without undue effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an insulation resistance testing device used in an in-station mechanical insulation joint in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electrical circuit in which the insulation segments of the electrified section are grounded by the remote ends of the choke transformers and rails;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a parallel circuit formed by the remote ground communication of the electrified section insulation segments by the choke transformers and the rails;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a mechanical insulation joint structure;
FIG. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a non-galvanic section mechanical insulation joint;
FIG. 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram of an electrochemical segment mechanical insulation joint;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the operation of an insulation resistance testing device for an in-station mechanical insulation joint according to the present exemplary embodiment;
fig. 8 is a flowchart of a method for testing insulation resistance of an in-station mechanical insulation joint according to the present exemplary embodiment;
in the figure: 1. a first rail; 2. a second rail; 3. a first header; 4. a second header; 5. an insulation resistance tester; 6. the rail end is insulated; 7. a first clamping plate; 8. a second clamping plate; 9. a bolt; 10. and (5) primer.
Detailed Description
Will now be more fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings example embodiments are described. However, the exemplary embodiments may be embodied in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the aspects of the disclosure may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, devices, steps, etc. In other instances, well-known technical solutions have not been shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the present disclosure.
Furthermore, the drawings are merely schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and thus a repetitive description thereof will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the figures are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically separate entities. These functional entities may be implemented in software or in one or more hardware units or integrated circuits or in different networks and/or processor devices and/or microcontroller devices.
The flow diagrams depicted in the figures are exemplary only and not necessarily all steps are included. For example, some steps may be decomposed, and some steps may be combined or partially combined, so that the order of actual execution may be changed according to actual situations.
The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application and in the above-described figures, are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that embodiments of the present application described herein may be capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein, for example.
Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or sub-modules is not necessarily limited to those steps or sub-modules that are expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus, but may include other steps or sub-modules that are not expressly listed.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a mechanical insulation joint structure; as shown in fig. 4, the first rail 1 and the second rail 2 at both ends of the insulating joint are insulated by the primer 10, the first clamping plate 7 and the second clamping plate 8, the first rail 1 and the second rail 2 are insulated by the rail end insulation 6, the mechanical insulating joint is insulated by the two insulations, the first clamping plate 7, the first rail 1 and the second clamping plate 8 are fixed by vertically penetrating one bolt 9 through the first clamping plate 7, the first rail 1 and the second clamping plate 8, and the first clamping plate 7, the second rail 2 and the second clamping plate 8 are fixed by vertically penetrating the other bolt 9 through the first clamping plate 7, the second rail 2 and the second clamping plate 8.
Fig. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a non-galvanic segment mechanical insulation joint, in fig. 5:
r1 represents the insulation resistance between the first rail 1 and the first clamping plate 7;
r2 represents the insulation resistance between the second rail 2 and the first clamping plate 7;
r3 represents the insulation resistance between the first rail 1 and the second clamping plate 8;
r4 represents the insulation resistance between the second rail 2 and the second clamping plate 8;
r5 represents the insulation resistance between the first steel rail 1 and the rail end insulation 6;
r6 represents the insulation resistance between the second steel rail 2 and the rail end insulation 6;
the field practical application scene is divided into a non-electrified section (non-electric train operation section) and an electrified section (electric train operation section).
In the non-galvanic section, there is no external connection at the insulation joint, and the insulation resistance equivalent circuit at each point is identical to that of fig. 5.
In the case of galvanic sections, the backflow of the traction current is taken into account, and backflow-related devices connected to the rail are added next to the rail, which devices lead to external connections at the insulating joints. The external connection impedance is equivalent, as shown by the arc line part between A-B in FIG. 6, and FIG. 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the mechanical insulation joint of the galvanic section.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the operation of an insulation resistance testing device for an in-station mechanical insulation joint according to the present exemplary embodiment; as shown in fig. 7, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides an insulation resistance testing device for an in-station mechanical insulation joint, comprising: insulation resistance tester 5, rail and mutual inductor;
the insulation resistance tester 5 is connected with the transformer, the transformer completely surrounds the steel rail, and the transformer is used for collecting current flowing through the steel rail;
the insulation resistance tester is connected with two test heads, the two test heads are respectively contacted with steel rails at two ends of the insulation joint, and the voltage difference between the steel rails at two ends of the insulation joint is obtained through measurement;
the insulation resistance tester 5 calculates an insulation joint resistance value from the measured current and voltage difference.
Specifically, the distance between the two test heads and the mutual inductor is more than or equal to 50cm.
Specifically, the wiring port of the transformer is positioned right below the steel rail. The wiring mouth is located under the rail, makes the mutual-inductor connecting wire keep away from the voltage test gauge outfit, reducible interference, in addition, can also adopt the mode of shielded wire to reduce the interference.
Specifically, the two test headers are a first header 3 (header 1 in fig. 7) and a second header 4 (header 2 in fig. 7), respectively;
three interfaces are arranged on the insulation resistance tester 5, namely a first gauge outfit interface, a second gauge outfit interface and a mutual inductor interface;
the first gauge outfit interface is used for connecting first gauge outfit 3, and the second gauge outfit interface is used for connecting second gauge outfit 4, and the mutual-inductor interface is used for connecting the mutual-inductor.
Specifically, the insulation resistance tester 5 includes a display for performing voltage display, current display, resistance display, electric quantity display, and induction parameter display.
Specifically, the insulation resistance tester 5 is also used for short-circuit protection.
Specifically, the method further comprises the following steps: and the breakdown test unit is used for applying voltages with different magnitudes to different insulation joints to perform breakdown test.
In the present exemplary embodiment, the insulation resistance tester 5 has 3 interfaces, in which: the first gauge outfit 3 and the second gauge outfit 4 are voltage source signal loops; the mutual inductor is used for receiving signal current signals; by calculating the voltage difference between the first gauge outfit 3 and the second gauge outfit 4 and the collected current, the insulation joint resistance value is calculated according to ohm's law. The function of the insulation resistance test device is shown in table 1.
Table 1 functional description:
Figure SMS_2
the embodiment can synchronously test the voltage and the current applied to the tested insulation resistor, eliminates the influence of peripheral equivalent resistance and ensures the accuracy of test results; the problem that a common current transformer cannot measure the current on a steel rail is solved, the flexible current transformer technology is used in the exemplary embodiment, and the testing precision under the condition of small current can be ensured to reach +/-5% through an internal algorithm; the exemplary embodiment applies voltages of different magnitudes to different insulation joints through an adaptive algorithm to perform breakdown test, eliminates the possible existence of 'diode-like characteristic' of the insulation resistance of the rail end, and ensures measurement accuracy. It should be noted that, the surface of the rail surface and the surface of the insulating joint may have a poor conductive layer such as an oxide layer, and the poor conductive layer has a diode-like characteristic, when the applied voltage is smaller than a fixed value, the poor conductive layer is not broken down, is in an insulating state, and cannot test the actual resistance value of the insulating joint, and when the applied voltage is larger than the fixed value, the poor conductive layer is broken down, is in a conducting state, and can test the actual resistance value of the insulating joint. The self-adaptive algorithm analyzes and calculates the breakdown voltage of the poor conducting layer according to the insulation joint test data, and applies a voltage value larger than the breakdown voltage during test to ensure that the poor conducting layer is broken down and test the real insulation joint resistance value.
Fig. 8 is a flowchart of a method for testing insulation resistance of an in-station mechanical insulation joint according to the present exemplary embodiment; as shown in fig. 8, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides an insulation resistance testing method of an in-station mechanical insulation joint, including:
installing a transformer so that the transformer completely surrounds the steel rail;
collecting current flowing through the steel rail through the transformer;
respectively contacting two test heads connected with an insulation resistance tester with steel rails at two ends of an insulation joint to obtain the voltage difference of the steel rails at two ends of the insulation joint;
and calculating the resistance value of the insulating joint according to the current flowing through the steel rail and the voltage difference of the steel rails at the two ends of the insulating joint.
Specifically, when the two test heads connected with the insulation resistance tester respectively contact the steel rails at the two ends of the insulation joint, the distance between the two test heads and the transformer is kept
Figure SMS_3
50cm。
Specifically, when the transformer is installed, the wiring port of the transformer is positioned right below the steel rail.
Specifically, voltage display, current display, resistance display, electric quantity display and induction parameter display are performed through an insulation resistance tester.
Specifically, short-circuit protection is performed by the insulation resistance tester 5.
Specifically, before the installation of the transformer, the transformer completely surrounds the steel rail, the method comprises the following steps:
breakdown tests were performed by applying voltages of different magnitudes for different insulation segments.
In the present exemplary embodiment, the measurement steps are as follows:
installing a transformer, ensuring that the transformer completely surrounds the steel rail, and positioning a wiring port right below the steel rail;
mounting test meter heads, and respectively inserting the test meter heads into the test connecting holes;
turning on a power switch of the equipment and turning on the equipment;
and respectively using the test gauge heads to contact steel rails at two ends of the insulating joint for measurement. Ensuring that the gauge outfit is more than 50cm away from the transformer;
the values are read.
Above, the present exemplary embodiment eliminates the influence of the peripheral equivalent resistance, and ensures the accuracy of the test result; taking possible diode-like characteristics of the insulation resistance of the rail end into consideration, applying voltage with a certain magnitude in the test process to perform breakdown test; test equipment output frequency
Figure SMS_4
50kHz, the normal operation of the track circuit is not affected during the test; the track circuit with high resistance and no short circuit is provided, so that the short circuit protection can be realized; the protection level is not lower than IP65, and meets the outdoor test requirement in rainy days; duration +.>
Figure SMS_5
8h; the measuring range can be automatically adjusted, the measuring precision of the resistor is +/-5%, and the precision of the current testing equipment reaches 1mA; can effectively resist electromagnetic interference.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, and the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the above examples, but all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present disclosure belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure. It should be noted that several modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present disclosure should and are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (11)

1. An insulation resistance testing device for an in-station mechanical insulation joint, comprising: insulation resistance tester, rail and mutual inductor;
the insulation resistance tester is connected with the transformer, the transformer completely surrounds the steel rail, and the transformer is used for collecting current flowing through the steel rail;
the insulation resistance tester is connected with two test heads, the two test heads are respectively contacted with steel rails at two ends of the insulation joint, and the voltage difference between the steel rails at two ends of the insulation joint is obtained through measurement;
the insulation resistance tester calculates an insulation joint resistance value according to the measured current and the voltage difference.
2. The insulation resistance testing device for an in-station mechanical insulation joint according to claim 1, wherein,
distance between two test heads and mutual inductor
Figure QLYQS_1
50cm。
3. The insulation resistance testing device for an in-station mechanical insulation joint according to claim 1, wherein,
the two test headers are a first header and a second header respectively;
three interfaces are arranged on the insulation resistance tester, namely a first gauge outfit interface, a second gauge outfit interface and a mutual inductor interface;
the first gauge outfit interface is used for connecting first gauge outfit, and the second gauge outfit interface is used for connecting the second gauge outfit, and the mutual-inductor interface is used for connecting the mutual-inductor.
4. The insulation resistance testing device for an in-station mechanical insulation joint according to claim 1, wherein,
the insulation resistance tester comprises a display, and is used for displaying voltage, current, resistance, electric quantity and induction parameters.
5. The insulation resistance testing device for an in-station mechanical insulation joint according to claim 1, wherein,
the insulation resistance tester is also used for short-circuit protection.
6. The insulation resistance testing device of an in-station mechanical insulation joint according to any one of claims 1-5, further comprising: and the breakdown test unit is used for applying voltages with different magnitudes to different insulation joints to perform breakdown test.
7. An insulation resistance testing method for an in-station mechanical insulation joint, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
installing a transformer so that the transformer completely surrounds the steel rail;
collecting current flowing through the steel rail through the transformer;
respectively contacting two test heads connected with an insulation resistance tester with steel rails at two ends of an insulation joint to obtain the voltage difference of the steel rails at two ends of the insulation joint;
and calculating the resistance value of the insulating joint according to the current flowing through the steel rail and the voltage difference of the steel rails at the two ends of the insulating joint.
8. The insulation resistance testing method of mechanical insulation joint in station according to claim 7, wherein when two test heads connected with the insulation resistance tester are respectively contacted with steel rails at two ends of the insulation joint, the distance between the two test heads and the mutual inductor is made
Figure QLYQS_2
50cm。
9. The method for testing insulation resistance of an in-station mechanical insulation joint according to claim 7, wherein voltage display, current display, resistance display, electric quantity display and induction parameter display are performed by an insulation resistance tester.
10. The method for testing insulation resistance of an in-station mechanical insulation joint according to claim 7, wherein short-circuit protection is performed by the insulation resistance tester.
11. A method of testing insulation resistance of an in-station mechanical insulation joint according to any of claims 7-10, characterized in that prior to said mounting of the transformer such that the transformer completely surrounds the rail, it comprises:
breakdown tests were performed by applying voltages of different magnitudes for different insulation segments.
CN202310200857.7A 2023-03-06 2023-03-06 Insulation resistance testing device and method for mechanical insulation joint in station Pending CN116068277A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201555919U (en) * 2009-11-27 2010-08-18 西安安路信铁路技术有限公司 On-line insulation test instrument for track circuit
CN109470927A (en) * 2018-11-26 2019-03-15 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 Rail traffic rail transition resistance detection system and method
CN209387743U (en) * 2018-11-26 2019-09-13 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 Rail traffic rail transition resistance detection system
CN212723094U (en) * 2020-07-27 2021-03-16 陕西科维铁路测量技术有限公司 True effective value track insulation resistance measuring device
CN217007653U (en) * 2021-11-12 2022-07-19 国网辽宁省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Small-size current transformer tester
CN217931811U (en) * 2022-10-10 2022-11-29 中铁电气化勘测设计研究院有限公司 Rail insulation integrated test recorder based on GPS time synchronization

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201555919U (en) * 2009-11-27 2010-08-18 西安安路信铁路技术有限公司 On-line insulation test instrument for track circuit
CN109470927A (en) * 2018-11-26 2019-03-15 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 Rail traffic rail transition resistance detection system and method
CN209387743U (en) * 2018-11-26 2019-09-13 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 Rail traffic rail transition resistance detection system
CN212723094U (en) * 2020-07-27 2021-03-16 陕西科维铁路测量技术有限公司 True effective value track insulation resistance measuring device
CN217007653U (en) * 2021-11-12 2022-07-19 国网辽宁省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Small-size current transformer tester
CN217931811U (en) * 2022-10-10 2022-11-29 中铁电气化勘测设计研究院有限公司 Rail insulation integrated test recorder based on GPS time synchronization

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Application publication date: 20230505