CN116062638A - A steady-speed lowering winch - Google Patents

Abstract

A winch is put down at a steady speed relates to the technical field of offshore evacuation systems. The invention solves the problems of poor working reliability and low efficiency of the whole evacuation system caused by the fact that the existing winch cannot be used under the condition of no power, and has large occupied space and small torque. The winch comprises a hand wheel, a roller backstop, a gear shifter, a three-stage planetary gear reducer, a roller, a friction type centrifugal speed limiter, a motor, a left bracket, a right bracket and a winch base. The winch has a steady speed lowering function, a braking function during lowering, a motor lifting function and a manual lifting function; the three-stage planetary gear is used for transmission, the transmission ratio is large, and the torque is large; the operation is simple, and the shift between the gears can be realized only by rotating the control handle; the winch adopts a coaxial concealed arrangement mode, and the speed reducer and the gear shifter are concealed in the winding drum, so that the winch has a compact structure, and can meet the requirement of the working condition with a narrow space.

Description

A stable speed lowering winch

technical field

The invention relates to a winch, in particular to a steady-speed lowering winch and its working method.

Background technique

A winch is a light and small lifting device that uses a drum to wind a wire rope or a chain to lift or pull heavy objects. The winch can be used alone or as a component in machinery such as lifting, road building and mine hoisting. It is widely used because of its simple operation, large amount of winding rope and convenient displacement.

In the marine evacuation system, the winch is used as a release and recovery device, which requires the size of the winch to be as small as possible, and because the system is mostly used for the safe evacuation of personnel in dangerous sea conditions, it is difficult to ensure that the winch has a power source in this case. This requires that the winch can also realize the functions of steady speed lowering and braking at any time without external power. However, most of the existing winches on the market are hydraulically driven winches, which cannot be used without power; winches driven by electricity do not have the function of steady speed lowering, and cannot be used when there is no power source; the form of winch reducer is generally cylindrical. Spur gear transmission, large space occupation and small torque. Therefore, it is very necessary to study the steady-speed lowering and braking of the winch under unpowered conditions, and to design a winch that can be applied to dangerous sea conditions.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a winch capable of lowering and braking at a steady speed without power.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved like this:

The present invention is a steady-speed lowering winch, which is characterized in that it includes a hand wheel, a roller backstop, a shifter, a three-stage planetary gear reducer, a drum, a friction centrifugal speed limiter, a motor, a left bracket, a right Stand and winch base. The shifter and the three-stage planetary gear reducer are built in the reel, the left end of the reducer is connected and fixed with the right end of the shifter, and the left end of the shifter is backstopped with the roller fixed on the left bracket. The device is connected through the input shaft, the center of the roller backstop is connected with the hand wheel, the left and right ends of the reel are connected with the winch base through the left bracket and the right bracket, and the left end of the friction centrifugal speed limiter is connected with the three-stage planetary through the input shaft. The gear reducer is connected, and the right end is connected with a motor.

The advantages of the present invention are:

A steady-speed lowering winch described in the present invention can realize a steady-speed lowering process without power on the basis of realizing ordinary winch lifting and lowering, specifically:

1. The coaxial built-in arrangement is adopted, and the reducer and shifter are built in the drum to make the structure of the winch more compact, which can meet the requirements of working conditions with narrow space;

2. Three-stage planetary gear transmission is adopted, with large transmission ratio and large torque;

3. It adopts a purely mechanical structure, which can realize stable speed release without external power source;

4. It can realize the functions of manual, electric, emergency braking and steady speed release;

5. Just turn the joystick to realize the transformation between the various functional gears.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of steady-speed lowering winch of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural representation of the handwheel of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of shifter of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a working principle diagram of the three-stage planetary gear reducer of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing example:

1 to 4, a stable speed lowering winch of the present invention is mainly composed of a handwheel 1, a roller backstop 2, a shifter 3, a three-stage planetary gear reducer 4, a reel 5, and a frictional centrifugal speed limiter. Device 6, motor 7, left support 8, right support 9 and winch base 10 are formed. The handwheel 1 is composed of the handwheel handle 1-1, the support cylinder 1-2, the limit bolt 1-3, and the input shaft 1-4; the three-stage planetary gear reducer 4 is composed of the first-stage planetary assembly 4-1, the second-stage planetary assembly Component 4-2, three-stage planetary component 4-3, reducer end cover 4-4, reducer connecting flange A4-5, reducer connecting flange B4-6, reducer connecting flange C4-7, reducer Connecting flange D4-8, transmission shaft 4-9 and input shaft 4-10 are formed. The first-stage planetary assembly 4-1 is composed of planetary carrier I4-1-1, ring gear I4-1-2, planetary gear I4-1-3, planetary carrier shaft I4-1-4 and sun gear I4-1-5 The secondary planet assembly 4-2 consists of planetary carrier II4-2-1, ring gear II4-2-2, planetary gear II4-2-3, planetary carrier shaft II 4-2-4 and sun gear II4-2- 5 components; the three-stage planetary assembly consists of planetary carrier III4-3-1, ring gear III4-3-2, planetary gear III4-3-3, planetary carrier shaft III4-3-4 and sun gear III4-3-5 .

Combined with Figure 2, the handwheel handle 1-1 and the support cylinder 1-2 are connected by welding, the support cylinder 1-2 and the input shaft 1-4 are connected by a key, and the support cylinder 1-2 and the limit bolt 1-3 Between the threaded connection. The inner side of the left half of the supporting cylinder 1-2 is provided with a keyway. When the shifter is switched to require (not need) the handwheel 1 to rotate, push (pull) the handwheel handle 1-1 to the right (to the left), and the support cylinder 1-2 is connected (disconnected) with the input shaft 1-4 , so as to realize the connection (disconnection) of the hand wheel 1 and other parts of the winch. When the handwheel 1 is in the disconnected state, the rotation of other parts of the winch will not drive the handwheel handle 1-1 to rotate.

3, the trapezoidal screw 3-1 in the shifter 3 cooperates with the trapezoidal thread on the left bracket 8 to form a trapezoidal thread pair connection, the right side is supported by a bearing, and the bearing is axially fixed by a compression sleeve 3-3. The spline sleeve 3-7 is connected with an inner friction plate 3-4 and an outer friction plate 3-5 by a spline, and the outer friction plate 3-5 is connected on the tray 3-6 by a spline, and the tray 3-6 is supported on the On the shifter housing 3-8, the shifter end cover 3-9 is bolted to the shifter housing 3-8, and the shift lever 3-2 is threaded on the trapezoidal screw 3-1. The shifter end cover 3-9 is a stepped structure, and the connecting flange at its left end is bolted to the left bracket 8, and a large-angle opening on the top of the end cover 3-9 provides space for the rotation of the joystick 3-2. The shift lever 3-2 drives the trapezoidal screw 3-1 to rotate, so that the trapezoidal screw 3-1 moves to the right (to the left), and squeezes (loosens) the compression sleeve 3-3 through the bearing, so that the compression sleeve 3- 3 Squeeze (loosen) the friction plates, the friction plates are squeezed (loosen) each other, and the trays 3-6 are connected (disconnected), thereby realizing power transmission (disconnected).

Referring to Fig. 4, the inner ring gear III 4-3-2 and the sun gear III 4-3-5 are coaxially arranged in the three-stage planetary assembly 4-3, and the inner ring gear 4-3-2 and the sun gear 4-3-5 There are three planetary gears III4-3-3 that mesh with the ring gear III4-3-2 and the sun gear III4-3-5 at the same time, and the center of each planetary gear is provided with a planet carrier shaft III4-3-4, and each Circumferential fixation is carried out between the planet carrier shaft III4-3-4 and the planet carrier III4-3-1 through jackscrews. The left end of the planetary carrier Ⅲ4-3-1 is designed with a flange structure for bolted connection with the right end of the shifter 3. The two ends of the sun gear Ⅲ4-3-5 have different gear structures, and the left end is connected to the planetary gear Ⅲ4- 3-3 meshing, and the right end meshes with the planetary gear carrier Ⅱ4-2-1, thereby realizing the transmission connection between the third stage and the second stage. There is a through hole in the center of the sun gear Ⅲ4-3-5, which makes it easy to install On the axle 4-10, the center left end of the sun gear III 4-3-5 has a bearing hole, so that it is supported and connected with the transmission shaft 4-10 by the bearing.

In the second-stage planetary assembly 4-2, the inner ring gear II 4-2-2 and the sun gear II 4-2-5 are coaxially arranged, and there are three The planetary gear II4-2-3 meshing with the inner ring gear II4-2-2 and the sun gear II4-2-5 at the same time, the center of each planetary gear is provided with a planet carrier shaft II4-2-4, and each planet carrier shaft II4 -2-4 and the planet carrier II 4-2-1 are circumferentially fixed by top screws. The two ends of the sun gear II4-2-5 have different gear structures, the left end meshes with the planetary gear II4-2-3, and the right end meshes with the planet carrier I4-1-1, thereby realizing the transmission between the second stage and the first stage Connection, the center of the sun gear Ⅱ 4-2-5 has a through hole, which makes it easy to install on the transmission shaft 4-10, and the left end of the center of the sun gear Ⅱ 4-2-5 has a bearing hole, so that it can pass through the bearing and the transmission shaft 4 -10 bearing connections.

In the first-stage planetary assembly 4-1, the inner ring gear I4-1-2 and the sun gear I4-1-5 are coaxially arranged, and there are three The planetary gear I4-1-3 meshing with the inner ring gear I4-1-2 and the sun gear I4-1-5 at the same time, the center of each planetary gear is provided with a planet carrier shaft I4-1-4, and each planet carrier shaft I4 -1-4 and the planet carrier I4-1-1 are fixed circumferentially by jackscrews. The center of the sun gear I 4-1-5 has a shaft hole and two key grooves for connecting the transmission shaft 4-10 and the output shaft 4-9.

The connection flange A4-5 of the reducer and the reel 5 are fixed by bolts, and the center of the connection flange D4-8 of the reducer has a through hole and is provided with a bearing for connecting and supporting the output shaft 4-9. Reducer end cover 4-4, reducer connecting flange A4-5, internal ring gear Ⅲ4-3-2, reducer connecting flange B4-6, internal ring gear Ⅱ4-2-2, reducer connecting flange C4 -7. Inner ring gear Ⅰ4-1-2, reducer connecting flange D4-8 are connected from left to right to form the shell of reducer 4; reducer connecting flange A4-5 and planet carrier Ⅲ4-3-1 Between, between the reducer connecting flange B4-6 and the planet carrier Ⅲ4-3-1, between the reducer connecting flange C4-7 and the planet carrier Ⅱ4-2-1, between the reducer connecting flange D4-8 and Supporting bearings are respectively provided between the planet carrier I4-1-1.

In conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, the function and working method of a kind of stable speed lowering winch of the present invention are:

Steady-speed lowering function: pull the handwheel handle 1-1 outward, cut off the connection of the manual part, rotate the shift lever 3-2 to drive the rotation of the trapezoidal screw 3-1, so that the trapezoidal screw 3-1 turns to the left Move, and then loosen the compression sleeve 3-3 through the bearing. At this time, the inner friction plate 3-4 and the outer friction plate 3-5 are released from each other, the tray 3-6 is disconnected, and the roller backstop 2 is in the transmission chain. When the top is disconnected, the reel 5 turns faster and faster under the gravity of the lowered weight. When reaching a certain speed, the centrifugal friction speed limiter 6 works, and then realizes lowering at a steady speed.

Braking function (during lowering): When lowering the heavy object to the designated position and need to brake, rotate the shift lever 3-2 to drive the trapezoidal screw 3-1 to move to the right, squeeze the compression sleeve 3-3 through the bearing To extrude the outer friction plates 3-5, the friction plates squeeze each other to compress the tray 3-6, at this time the roller backstop 2 is connected to the transmission chain, thereby realizing the braking function.

Motor lifting function: pull the handwheel handle 1-1 outwards, cut off the connection between the handwheel 1 and the roller backstop 2, rotate the shift lever 3-2 to make the trapezoidal screw 3-1 move to the right, pass through the bearing Squeeze the compression sleeve 3-3 to squeeze the outer friction plates 3-5, the friction plates squeeze each other to compress the tray 3-6, and the roller backstop 2 is connected to the transmission chain. Turn on the power supply of the motor, and the motor 7 drives the reel 5 to lift the heavy object at a constant speed. Because the motor lifts at a slower speed, the centrifugal friction speed limiter 6 does not work, and because the roller backstop 2 is connected, the electric gear has a reaction when it is lifted. Directional braking function can play a role in power failure protection.

Manual lifting function: push the handwheel handle 1-1 inward to realize the connection between the handwheel 1 and the roller backstop 2, and turn the trapezoidal screw 3-1 to the right by turning the shift lever 3-2, and pass the bearing Squeeze the compression sleeve 3-3 to squeeze the outer friction plates 3-5, the friction plates squeeze each other to compress the tray 3-6, and the roller backstop 2 is connected to the transmission chain. Turn the handwheel handle 1-1 to drive the reel 5 to rotate and lift the heavy object. Since the manual lifting speed is slow, the centrifugal friction speed limiter 6 does not work, and due to the access of the roller backstop 2, during the manual lifting process It has a reverse braking function and plays a protective role.

Claims (4)

1. A steady-speed lowering winch is characterized in that it includes a hand wheel, a roller backstop, a shifter, a three-stage planetary gear reducer, a reel, a friction centrifugal speed limiter, a motor, a left bracket, a right Bracket, winch base; handwheel includes handwheel handle, support cylinder, limit bolt, input shaft, handwheel handle and support cylinder are connected by welding, support cylinder and input shaft are connected by key, support cylinder and limit The bolts are connected by threads, and the inner side of the left half of the support cylinder is provided with a keyway; the shifter includes a trapezoidal screw, a shift lever, a compression sleeve, an inner friction plate, an outer friction plate, a tray, a spline sleeve, and a shifter housing And the end cover of the shifter, the trapezoidal screw in the shifter cooperates with the trapezoidal thread on the left bracket to form a trapezoidal thread pair connection, the right side is supported by a bearing, the bearing is axially fixed by a compression sleeve, and the spline sleeve is passed by a spline There are a number of inner friction plates connected by keys, and a number of outer friction plates are inserted in the middle of the inner friction plates. The outer friction plates are connected to the tray through splines, and the tray is supported on the shifter casing through bearings. The gear housing is connected by bolts, and the shift lever and the trapezoidal screw are connected by threads; the three-stage planetary gear reducer includes the first-stage planetary assembly, the second-stage planetary assembly, the third-stage planetary assembly, the end cover of the reducer, and the connecting flange A of the reducer , reducer connection flange B, reducer connection flange C, reducer connection flange D, transmission shaft and input shaft, reducer connection flange A and the reel are fixed by bolts, reducer connection flange D A through hole is opened in the center and a supporting bearing is placed for connecting and supporting the output shaft. Reducer end cover, reducer connecting flange A, internal ring gear III, reducer connecting flange B, internal ring gear II, reducer connecting flange C, internal ring gear I, reducer connecting flange D in order from left Connect to the right to form the shell of the reducer; between the reducer connecting flange A and the planetary carrier III, between the reducer connecting flange B and the planetary carrier III, between the reducer connecting flange C and the planetary carrier II, deceleration There are supporting bearings between the connecting flange D and the planet carrier I respectively. 2. A steady-speed lowering winch according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the three-stage planetary gear reducer, the planetary assemblies at each stage include a planetary carrier, an inner ring gear, a planetary wheel, a planetary carrier shaft and a sun The ring gear III and the sun gear III are coaxially arranged in the three-stage planetary assembly, and there are three planetary gears III meshing with the ring gear III and the sun gear III at the same time, each The center of the planetary wheel is provided with a planetary carrier shaft III, and each planetary carrier shaft III and the planetary carrier III are fixed in the circumferential direction by a top screw, and the left end of the planetary carrier III is designed with a flange structure for connecting with the right end of the shifter. The two ends of the sun gear III have different gear structures. The left end meshes with the planetary gear III, and the right end meshes with the planetary gear carrier II, thereby realizing the transmission connection between the third stage and the second stage. The center of the sun gear III is open. There are through holes for easy installation on the transmission shaft. There is a bearing hole at the left end of the center of the sun gear III, so that it is supported and connected through the bearing and the transmission shaft; the inner ring gear II and the sun gear II are coaxially arranged in the second-stage planetary assembly , between the inner ring gear II and the sun gear II, there are three planetary gears II meshing with the inner ring gear II and the sun gear II at the same time, the center of each planetary gear is provided with a planetary carrier shaft II, and each planetary carrier shaft II and The two ends of the sun gear II have different gear structures, the left end meshes with the planet gear II, and the right end meshes with the planet carrier I, thereby realizing the two-stage and one-stage contact. Transmission connection, there is a through hole in the center of the sun gear II, which makes it easy to install on the transmission shaft, and a bearing hole is opened at the left end of the center of the sun gear II, so that it is supported and connected through the bearing and the transmission shaft; the inner ring gear in the first-stage planetary assembly Ⅰ and the sun gear Ⅰ are coaxially arranged, and there are three planetary gears Ⅰ that mesh with the ring gear Ⅰ and the sun gear Ⅰ at the same time, and the center of each planetary gear is provided with the planet carrier shaft , and each planetary carrier shaft Ⅰ and planetary carrier Ⅰ are circumferentially fixed by jackscrews, and the center of the sun gear Ⅰ has a shaft hole and two key grooves for installing and connecting the transmission shaft and the output shaft. 3. A steady-speed lowering winch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the input shaft 4-10 and the transmission shaft 4-9 of the three-stage planetary gear reducer are respectively manual input ends and electric input ends, Manual or electric input can be selected during work, and the inner ring gear of the reducer is fixedly connected with the reel. 4. A steady-speed lowering winch according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the joystick of the shifter is threadedly connected to the trapezoidal screw, and the trapezoidal screw is driven to rotate by rotating the joystick, thereby making it produce Axial displacement, squeezing or loosening the friction plate, so that the power is transmitted or disconnected.

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