CN116006201A - Tool and method for replacing hob by cutterhead of heading machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a tool and a method for replacing a hob of a cutterhead of a development machine, wherein the tool comprises a base, a tool changing beam, a trolley, a hoist, a fastening bolt and a hob clamp; the base is used for being fixedly arranged on the bracket; the first end of the tool changing beam is rotatably arranged on the base through a rotating shaft, the second end of the tool changing beam can rotate from a first position to a second position around the rotating shaft, when the second end of the tool changing beam is positioned at the first position, the tool changing beam extends along the front-back direction, when the second end of the tool changing beam is positioned at the second position, the tool changing beam extends along the left-right direction, and the second position is closer to the cutter head relative to the first position; the trolley is arranged on the tool changing beam and can move along the tool changing beam; the hoisting hoist is arranged on the trolley and used for hoisting the hob clamp to move up and down; the fastening bolt is used for fixedly connecting the base and the tool changing beam when the second end of the tool changing beam is positioned at the first position or the second position; the hob clamp is used for fixing and clamping the hob. The hob replacement efficiency is improved, and the construction period is shortened.

Description

Tooling and method for replacing a hob with a cutterhead of a roadheader

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of roadheaders, in particular to a tooling and a method for replacing a hob with a cutterhead of a roadheader.

Background technique

Due to its great advantages in economy, safety and excavation efficiency in rock formations, roadheaders have been paid more and more attention to by all walks of life. widely used in construction. Among them, the replacement of tools on the cutter head of the roadheader, especially the hob is a relatively important link. Due to the limitation of the current tool change tooling, the tool change operation can only be performed at one position each time the hob is replaced, which consumes a lot of time. , The cutter head must be rotated several times before it can be completely replaced, which seriously affects the tunneling efficiency and construction period. Therefore, it has become a problem to be solved urgently to develop a new tool changing tool and a tool changing method to improve tunneling efficiency and shorten the construction period.

Contents of the invention

(1) Technical problems to be solved

In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned technologies, the present invention solves them at least to a certain extent. For this reason, the first object of the present invention is to propose a hob replacement tool for the cutter head of a roadheader, which improves the hob replacement efficiency and shortens the construction period.

The second object of the present invention is to propose a method for replacing the hob of the cutter head of the roadheader by using the above tool.

(2) Technical solution

In order to achieve the above object, the main technical solutions adopted in the present invention include:

In the first aspect, the present invention provides a tooling for replacing the hob with the cutter head of the roadheader, including a base, a tool change beam, a trolley, a hoist, fastening bolts, and a hob clamp; On the inner bracket; the first end of the tool change beam is installed on the base through the rotation shaft, the second end of the tool change beam can rotate around the rotation shaft from the first position to the second position, and the second end of the tool change beam is located at the second position In the first position, the tool changer beam extends along the front and back direction, when the second end of the tool changer beam is in the second position, the tool changer beam extends in the left and right direction, and the second position is closer to the cutterhead than the first position; the trolley is installed on the tool changer The hoist is mounted on the beam and can move along the tool change beam; the hoist is installed on the trolley, and the hook of the hoist is hooked to the hob fixture for lifting the hob fixture to move up and down; the fastening bolt is used for tool change When the second end of the beam is at the first position or the second position, it is fixedly connected with the base and the tool changing beam; the hob clamp is used for fixedly clamping the hob.

Optionally, the tool change beam has a vertical plate and a transverse plate connected sequentially from top to bottom; plate and the second guard plate, the top inner side of the first guard plate is rotatably installed with a first roller, the top inner side of the second guard plate is rotatably installed with a second roller, the first roller and the second roller are clamped on the transverse plate and can Roll along the horizontal board.

Optionally, the lifting hoist is a chain hoist.

Optionally, the hob clamp includes a first clamping plate, a second clamping plate and a locking bolt; the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are hinged to form a hinge position, and the first clamping plate has a semicircular arc on one side of the hinge position Shaped first claw part and the first fixing part on the other side of the hinged position, the second clamping plate has a semicircular second claw part on one side of the hinged position and a second fixed part on the other side of the hinged position Two fixing parts, the first claw part is set corresponding to the second claw part, a first opening is formed between the first claw part and the second claw part, the first fixing part is set corresponding to the second fixing part, and the first fixing part A second opening is formed between the first fixing part and the second fixing part; the first clamping plate and/or the second clamping plate rotate, so that the first opening and the second opening become larger or smaller at the same time, and after turning to the first fixing part and the second When the fixing part abuts, the hob can be clamped between the first claw part and the second claw part; the locking bolt is used for fixedly connecting the first fixing part when the first fixing part and the second fixing part abut with the second fixed part.

Optionally, a handle is provided on the first fixing part and/or the second fixing part.

Optionally, the tooling for changing the hob for the cutter head of the roadheader further includes a slide rail for detachably installing on the cutter head at the tool changing position, and the slide rail can be slidably connected with the hob clamp.

In the second aspect, the present invention provides a method for replacing the hob with the cutter head of the roadheader, which is implemented based on the above-mentioned tooling installed on the bracket in the soil bin, including:

S1. Removal of old knives: Rotate the second end of the tool changing beam to the second position, use fastening bolts to securely connect the base and the tool changing beam, then slide the trolley and lift the hoist to lower the hob fixture to be removed The position of the old knife: use the hob clamp to fix the old knife to be removed, and then move the old knife to the delivery position by sliding the trolley and lifting the hoist, then remove the fastening bolts, and rotate the second end of the tool change beam to the first position, to transport the old knives out of the cutter head;

S2. New knife installation: When the second end of the tool change beam is at the first position, use the hob clamp to fix and clamp the new knife; rotate the second end of the tool change beam from the first position to the second position, and fix it with fastening bolts Connect the base and the tool change beam, then slide the trolley and lift the hoist to lower the hob fixture holding the new knife to the position where the new knife is to be installed, and install the new knife into the new knife to be installed.

Optionally, lower the hob clamp to the position of the old knife to be removed by sliding the trolley and lifting the hoist, including: erecting a slide rail at the position of the old knife to be removed, and lifting the hob by sliding the trolley and lifting the hoist The clamp is lowered to the slide rail, the hob clamp is connected to the slide rail, and then the hob clamp is slid along the slide rail to the position where the old knife is to be removed; and/or,

Lower the hob clamp holding the new knife to the position where the new knife is to be installed by sliding the trolley and lifting the hoist, including: erecting a slide rail at the position where the new knife is to be installed, and lifting the clamp by sliding the trolley and lifting the hoist Take the hob fixture of the new knife and lower it to the slide rail, connect the hob fixture and the slide rail, and then slide the hob fixture along the slide rail to the position where the new knife is to be installed.

Optionally, the method for replacing the hob for the cutter head of the roadheader provided by the present invention is implemented based on two toolings arranged in sequence in the left and right directions installed on the inner support of the soil bin, and the two toolings are located at the center of the soil bin.

Optionally, the method for replacing the hob with the cutter head of the roadheader also includes: S3. After the replacement of the cutter head and the hob is completed, the tooling is placed in a storage state by lifting the hoist, sliding the trolley, and rotating the tool changer beam , and use fastening bolts to securely connect the base and the tool changer beam.

(3) Beneficial effects

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The hob replacement tooling for the cutter head of the roadheader provided by the present invention is installed on the base by rotating the tool change beam and rotating between the first position and the second position to perform tool change work. When the tool change beam is the first When the two ends are rotated to the first position, the second end of the tool change beam is far away from the cutter head, which is convenient for the trolley to transport the old knife out of the cutter head, and it is also convenient for the trolley to transport the new knife from the outside of the cutter head to the inside of the cutter head. When the second end of the beam is rotated to the second position, the tool changing beam extends in the left and right directions and the tool changing beam is close to the cutter head, and the trolley moves along the tool changing beam to adjust the hobs at multiple positions on the cutter head corresponding to the tool changing beam. Replacement can reduce the number of rotations of the cutter head during the tool change process, improve the efficiency of hob replacement, and shorten the construction period. When the second end of the tool change beam is at the second position, the fastening bolts are fixedly connected to the base and the tool change beam, so that the positioning of the tool change position is stable and the unexpected rotation of the tool change beam is avoided.

Description of drawings

The invention is described with the aid of the following figures:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the tooling installed on the inner bracket of the soil bin according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, wherein two toolings are installed on the inner bracket of the soil bin, and the tool change beam of the two toolings is the first Both ends are in the second position, and the hob clamp in a tooling is shown in the position of the old knife to be removed and the transport position;

Fig. 2 is a second structural schematic diagram of the tooling installed on the bracket in the soil bin according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, wherein the second end of the tool changing beam of the tooling is in the first position;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the first rotating work of the tool changing beam of the tooling under the angle of view A in Fig. 2, wherein the second end of the tool changing beam is in the first position;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the second rotation of the tool changing beam of the tooling under the angle of view A in Fig. 2, wherein the second end of the tool changing beam is in the second position;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the slide rail installed on the cutter head and the hob clamp according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the hob clamp according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[Description of Reference Signs]

1: cutter head;

21: base; 22: tool change beam; 23: trolley; 24: lifting hoist; 25: fastening bolt; 26: rotating shaft;

221: horizontal plate;

231: the first guard plate; 232: the first roller;

31: hinge position; 32: first claw part; 33: first fixed part; 34: second claw part; 35: second fixed part; 36: locking bolt; 37: handle;

4: slide rail.

Detailed ways

In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Wherein, the directional nouns such as "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", and "right" mentioned herein refer to the orientations of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 .

Example 1

It should be noted that the roadheader includes a cutter head 1 and an earth bin arranged in sequence. The cutter head 1 excavates the stratum of the tunnel face and transports the excavated muck into the earth bin. Bracket for disc 1 movement.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 , this embodiment provides a tooling for replacing a hob with a cutting head of a roadheader, and the tooling includes a hob hoisting mechanism and a hob clamp.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the hob hoisting mechanism includes a base 21, a tool changing beam 22, a trolley 23, a hoist 24 and fastening bolts 25; the base 21 is used to be fixedly installed on the bracket; The first end of the beam 22 is rotatably mounted on the base 21 through the rotating shaft 26, the second end of the tool changing beam 22 can rotate around the rotating shaft 26 from the first position to the second position, and the second end of the tool changing beam 22 is located at the first position. position (as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3), the tool change beam 22 extends along the front and rear direction, and when the second end of the tool change beam 22 is in the second position (as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4), the tool change beam 22 Extending along the left and right direction, the second position is closer to the cutter head 1 than the first position; the trolley 23 is installed on the tool change beam 22 and can move along the tool change beam 22; the lifting hoist 24 is installed on the trolley 23, and the hoist The hook 24 is hooked to the hob fixture, and is used to lift the hob fixture to move up and down; the fastening bolt 25 is used to fix the connection base 21 when the second end of the tool change beam 22 is at the first position or the second position And tool change beam 22.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 6, the hob clamp is used to fix and clamp the hob.

In the above-mentioned tooling, the tool changing work is carried out by rotating the tool changing beam 22 on the base 21 and rotating between the first position and the second position. When the second end of the tool changing beam 22 rotates to the first position, the second end of the tool changing beam 22 is far away from the cutter head 1, which is convenient for the trolley 23 to transport the old knife from the cutter head 1, and also facilitates the trolley 23 to transport the new knife from the outside of the cutter head 1 to the inside of the cutter head 1. When the second end of the tool beam 22 is rotated to the second position, the tool changing beam 22 extends in the left and right direction and the tool changing beam 22 is close to the cutter head 1, and the trolley 23 moves along the tool changing beam 22, so that the corresponding tool change on the cutter head 1 can be performed. The hobs at multiple positions of the beam 22 are replaced, which reduces the number of rotations of the cutterhead 1 during the tool change process, improves the hob replacement efficiency, and shortens the construction period. By fastening the bolt 25 when the second end of the tool changing beam 22 is in the second position, the base 21 and the tool changing beam 22 are fixedly connected, so that the positioning of the tool changing position is stable and the unexpected rotation of the tool changing beam 22 is avoided.

Preferably, the tool change beam 22 has a vertical plate and a transverse plate 221 sequentially connected from top to bottom; The first guard plate 231 and the second guard plate, the top inner side of the first guard plate 231 is rotatably equipped with the first roller 232, the top inner side of the second guard plate is rotatably equipped with the second roller, the first roller 232 and the second roller It is clamped on the transverse plate 221 and can roll along the transverse plate 221 . In this way, not only the installation stability of the trolley 23 on the tool changing beam 22 is ensured, but also the movement stability of the trolley 23 on the tool changing beam 22 is ensured.

Further preferably, the second end of the tool change beam 22 has a limit block, and when the trolley 23 moves to abut against the limit block, the limit block prevents the trolley 23 from continuing to move away from the first end of the tool change beam 22 . In this way, the moving safety of the trolley 23 is ensured, and the trolley 23 is prevented from detaching from the tool change beam 22 during movement.

Preferably, in this embodiment, the lifting hoist 24 is a chain hoist. The structure is simple and the cost is low. Optionally, the lifting hoist 24 is a pneumatic hoist.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the hob clamp includes a first clamping plate, a second clamping plate and a locking bolt 36; the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are hinged to form a hinge position 31, and the first clamping plate It has a semicircular arc-shaped first claw part 32 on one side of the hinge position 31 and a first fixing part 33 on the other side of the hinge position 31. The second clamping plate has a semicircular arc shape on one side of the hinge position 31 The second claw part 34 and the second fixed part 35 located on the other side of the hinge position 31, the first claw part 32 is set corresponding to the second claw part 34, the first claw part 32 and the second claw part 34 A first opening is formed between them, the first fixing part 33 is set corresponding to the second fixing part 35, and a second opening is formed between the first fixing part 33 and the second fixing part 35; the first clamping plate and/or the second clamping plate rotate , so that the first opening and the second opening become larger or smaller at the same time, when the first fixing part 33 and the second fixing part 35 are turned to abut against each other (that is, when the second opening is opened to the minimum, the first opening is also opened at this moment. open minimum), the hob can be clamped between the first claw part 32 and the second claw part 34; the locking bolt 36 is used for fixedly connecting the first fixing part 33 and the second fixing part 35 when the first fixing part 33 abuts against the second fixing part A fixing portion 33 and a second fixing portion 35 . The hob clamp set in this way can realize the fixed clamping of the hob and is easy to operate.

Preferably, a handle 37 is provided on the first fixing part 33 and/or the second fixing part 35 . Due to the heavy weight of the hob clamp, a handle 37 is provided to facilitate the operator to fine-tune the position of the hob clamp to align with the knife seat.

Preferably, the tooling for changing the hob for the cutter head of the roadheader provided in this embodiment also includes a slide rail 4, which is used to be detachably mounted on the cutter head 1 at the tool changing position, and the slide rail 4 can be connected with the hob clamp Swipe to connect. Due to the heavy weight of the hob clamp, by setting the slide rail 4 to be slidably connected with the hob clamp, the hob clamp can be slid along the slide rail 4 to adjust the position of the hob clamp to align with the tool seat of the hob to be replaced, which is easy It is more labor-saving to replace the hobs corresponding to multiple positions of the tool change beam 22 .

Example 2

This embodiment provides a method for replacing the hob 1 of the roadheader cutter head, which is implemented based on the tooling as described in Embodiment 1 installed on the bracket, including the following steps:

S1. Remove the old knife: Rotate the second end of the tool changing beam 22 to the second position, use fastening bolts 25 to fix and connect the base 21 and the tool changing beam 22, and then slide the trolley 23 and lift the hoist 24 Lower the knife clamp to the position of the old knife to be removed; use the hob clamp to fix and clamp the old knife to be removed, then slide the trolley 23 and lift the hoist 24 to move the old knife to the delivery position, then remove the fastening bolt 25 and rotate The second end of the tool changing beam 22 moves to the first position, and the old knife is transported out from the cutter head 1 .

S2. New knife installation: when the second end of the tool changing beam 22 is at the first position, use the hob clamp to fix and clamp the new knife; rotate the second end of the tool changing beam 22 from the first position to the second position, and fasten The bolt 25 is fixedly connected to the base 21 and the tool changing beam 22, and then the trolley 23 slides and the hoist 24 lifts to lower the hob clamp holding the new knife to the position where the new knife is to be installed, and install the new knife into the position to be installed. In the new knife.

In this way, the operation is simple and convenient. When the second end of the tool change beam 22 is rotated to the second position, the rollers corresponding to multiple positions of the tool change beam 22 on the cutter head 1 can be adjusted by sliding the trolley 23 and lifting the hoist 24 . The hob is replaced, which reduces the number of rotations of the cutter head 1 during the tool change process, improves the hob replacement efficiency, and shortens the construction period.

Preferably, in the method for replacing the hob of the roadheader cutter head 1 provided in this embodiment, the hob clamp is lowered to the position of the old knife to be removed by sliding the trolley 23 and lifting the hoist 24, including: Set up the slide rail 4 at the position, and lower the hob clamp to the slide rail 4 by sliding the trolley 23 and hoisting the hoist 24, connect the hob clamp and the slide rail 4, and then slide the hob clamp along the slide rail 4 until it is to be removed The position of the old knife is shown in Figure 5. And/or, by trolley 23 sliding and lifting hoist 24 hoisting, the hob clamp clamping the new knife is lowered to the position of the new knife to be installed, including: setting up the slide rail 4 at the position of the new knife to be installed, and sliding by the trolley 23 Move and lift hoist 24 to lift the hob clamp that clamps new knife and put it down to slide rail 4, connect hob clamp and slide rail 4, then slide hob clamp along slide rail 4 to the position of the new knife to be installed.

Further preferably, a slide rail 4 is erected at the position of the old knife to be removed, the first end of the slide rail 4 is located above the second end of the slide rail 4, and the second end of the slide rail 4 is set corresponding to the position of the old knife to be removed, and slides through the dolly 23 Hoist with lifting hoist 24 and lower the hob fixture to the first end of slide rail 4; set up slide rail 4 at the position where a new knife is to be installed, the first end of slide rail 4 is located above the second end of slide rail 4, and the second end of slide rail 4 The two ends correspond to the setting of the new knife position to be installed, and the hob clamp is lowered to the first end of the slide rail 4 through the sliding of the trolley 23 and the lifting of the hoist 24. In this way, gravity is used to facilitate the sliding of the hob clamp along the slide rail 4 .

Since the complex structure in the soil bin will hinder the hoisting process of the hob clamp, there is a situation that the hob clamp cannot be smoothly lowered to the position where the old knife is to be removed and the position where the new knife is to be installed. The lowering path avoids the complex structure in the soil bin that hinders the lifting of the hob clamp, and ensures that the hob clamp is smoothly lowered to the position where the old knife is to be removed and the position where the new knife is to be installed.

Preferably, the method for replacing the hob 1 of the roadheader cutterhead 1 provided in this embodiment is realized based on two toolings arranged in sequence in the left and right directions installed on the bracket, and these two toolings are located at the center of the soil bin, as shown in the figure 1. In this way, the hob of the cutterhead 1 is replaced by two tooling devices, which further improves the hob replacement efficiency and shortens the construction period.

Further preferably, the method for replacing the hob 1 of the cutterhead 1 provided in this embodiment further includes: S0, rotating the cutterhead 1 by 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° respectively, and rotating the cutterhead 1 each time Finally, the hob of cutter head 1 is replaced through S1 and S2 carried out in sequence. In this way, all the hobs on the cutter head 1 can be replaced by only rotating the cutter head 14 times, which greatly improves the efficiency of hob replacement.

Preferably, the method for replacing the hob 1 of the roadheader cutter provided by this embodiment further includes: S3, after the replacement of the hob 1 of the cutter head is completed, lifting by the hoist 24, sliding the trolley 23 and changing the cutter The beam 22 rotates so that the tooling is in a storage state, and fastening bolts 25 are used to securely connect the base 21 and the tool changing beam 22 . The tooling in the storage state does not affect the subsequent excavation work of the roadheader. In this way, after the hob of the cutter head 1 is replaced, there is no need to dismantle the tooling, and only the tooling needs to be kept in a stable storage state without affecting the excavation work of the roadheader, and it is convenient for the subsequent tooling to be reused.

Further, in this embodiment, the tooling is in the storage state, and the second end of the tool changing beam 22 is at the first position.

It should be understood that the above description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is only to illustrate the technical route and characteristics of the present invention, and its purpose is to allow those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, but the present invention It is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. All changes or modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A tool for replacing a hob of a cutterhead of a heading machine is characterized in that,

the device comprises a base (21), a tool changing beam (22), a trolley (23), a hoist (24), a fastening bolt (25) and a hob clamp;

the base (21) is used for being fixedly arranged on a bracket in the soil bin;

the first end of the tool changing beam (22) is rotatably arranged on the base (21) through a rotating shaft (26), the second end of the tool changing beam (22) can rotate from a first position to a second position around the rotating shaft (26), when the second end of the tool changing beam (22) is positioned at the first position, the tool changing beam (22) extends along the front-back direction, when the second end of the tool changing beam (22) is positioned at the second position, the tool changing beam (22) extends along the left-right direction, and the second position is closer to the cutterhead than the first position;

the trolley (23) is arranged on the tool changing beam (22) and can move along the tool changing beam (22);

the hoisting block (24) is arranged on the trolley (23), and a lifting hook of the hoisting block (24) is hooked with the hob clamp and used for lifting the hob clamp to move up and down;

the fastening bolt (25) is used for fixedly connecting the base (21) and the tool changing beam (22) when the second end of the tool changing beam (22) is positioned at the first position or the second position;

the hob clamp is used for fixing and clamping the hob.

2. A tool for replacing a hob with a cutterhead of a heading machine as defined in claim 1, wherein,

the tool changing beam (22) is provided with a vertical plate and a transverse plate (221) which are sequentially connected from top to bottom;

the trolley (23) comprises a supporting plate located below the tool changing beam (22), a first guard plate (231) and a second guard plate are arranged on the supporting plate and used for being distributed on two sides of the tool changing beam (22), a first roller (232) is rotatably installed on the inner side of the top end of the first guard plate (231), a second roller is rotatably installed on the inner side of the top end of the second guard plate, and the first roller (232) and the second roller are clamped on the transverse plate (221) and can roll along the transverse plate (221).

3. A tool for replacing a hob with a cutterhead of a heading machine as defined in claim 1, wherein,

the hoisting hoist (24) is a chain hoist.

4. A tool for replacing a hob with a cutterhead of a heading machine as defined in claim 1, wherein,

the hob clamp comprises a first clamping plate, a second clamping plate and a locking bolt (36);

the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are hinged to form a hinge position (31), the first clamping plate is provided with a first clamping claw part (32) which is positioned on one side of the hinge position (31) and is in a semicircular arc shape, and a first fixing part (33) which is positioned on the other side of the hinge position (31), the second clamping plate is provided with a second clamping claw part (34) which is positioned on one side of the hinge position (31) and is in a semicircular arc shape, and a second fixing part (35) which is positioned on the other side of the hinge position (31), the first clamping claw part (32) is arranged corresponding to the second clamping claw part (34), a first opening is formed between the first clamping claw part (32) and the second clamping claw part (34), the first fixing part (33) is arranged corresponding to the second fixing part (35), and a second opening is formed between the first fixing part (33) and the second fixing part (35);

the first clamping plate and/or the second clamping plate rotate to enable the first opening and the second opening to be enlarged or reduced simultaneously, and when the first clamping plate and/or the second clamping plate rotate to the state that the first fixing part (33) is in contact with the second fixing part (35), the hob can be clamped between the first clamping claw part (32) and the second clamping claw part (34); the locking bolt (36) is used for fixedly connecting the first fixing part (33) and the second fixing part (35) when the first fixing part (33) is abutted with the second fixing part (35).

5. A tooling for replacing a hob with a cutterhead of a heading machine as defined in claim 4, wherein,

a handle (37) is provided on the first fixing portion (33) and/or the second fixing portion (35).

6. A tool for replacing a hob with a cutterhead of a heading machine as defined in claim 1, wherein,

the hob cutter is characterized by further comprising a sliding rail (4) which is detachably arranged at a tool changing position on the hob cutter, and the sliding rail (4) can be in sliding connection with the hob cutter clamp.

7. A method of changing a hob of a cutterhead of a heading machine, characterized in that it is realized based on a tool as defined in any one of claims 1 to 6 mounted on a support in a soil bin, comprising:

s1, removing an old knife: rotating the second end of the tool changing beam (22) to a second position, fixedly connecting the base (21) and the tool changing beam (22) by adopting a fastening bolt (25), and then lowering the hob clamp to the position of the old tool to be removed by sliding of a trolley (23) and lifting of a hoist (24); the old knife to be removed is fixedly clamped by a hob clamp, then the old knife is moved to a conveying position by sliding of a trolley (23) and lifting of a hoist (24), then a fastening bolt (25) is removed, the second end of a knife changing beam (22) is rotated to a first position, and the old knife is conveyed out of a cutterhead;

s2, installing a new cutter: when the second end of the tool changing beam (22) is positioned at the first position, a hob clamp is adopted to fixedly clamp a new tool; the second end of the tool changing beam (22) is rotated from a first position to a second position, the base (21) and the tool changing beam (22) are fixedly connected by adopting the fastening bolts (25), then the hob clamp for clamping the new tool is lowered to a new tool position to be installed by sliding of the trolley (23) and lifting of the lifting hoist (24), and the new tool is installed into the new tool to be installed.

8. A method for replacing a hob in a cutterhead of a heading machine as claimed in claim 7, characterized in,

the hob clamp is lowered to the position of the old hob to be dismantled by sliding of a trolley (23) and lifting of a hoist (24), and the hob clamp comprises: erecting a sliding rail (4) at the position of the old knife to be dismantled, lowering the hob clamp to the position of the sliding rail (4) through sliding of a trolley (23) and lifting of a hoist (24), connecting the hob clamp with the sliding rail (4), and then sliding the hob clamp along the sliding rail (4) to the position of the old knife to be dismantled; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

the hob clamp for clamping the new knife is placed to a position of the new knife to be installed by sliding the trolley (23) and lifting the lifting hoist (24), and the hob clamp comprises: and a slide rail (4) is erected at the position of the new knife to be installed, a hob clamp for clamping the new knife is placed at the position of the slide rail (4) by sliding of a trolley (23) and lifting of a hoist (24), the hob clamp and the slide rail (4) are connected, and then the hob clamp is slid along the slide rail (4) to the position of the new knife to be installed.

9. The method of changing cutter heads for a heading machine as claimed in claim 7 wherein the method is based on two tools mounted on a support in the earth bin arranged in sequence in the left-right direction, the two tools being located at the centre of the earth bin.

10. The method of replacing a hob with a cutterhead of a heading machine as defined in claim 7, further comprising:

s3, after the replacement work of the cutterhead hob is completed, the tool is in a storage state through hoisting of a hoisting hoist (24), sliding of a trolley (23) and rotation of a tool changing beam (22), and the base (21) and the tool changing beam (22) are fixedly connected through fastening bolts (25).

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