CN116005661A - A pressure type basalt fiber anchor rod - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a pressure-type basalt fiber bolt, which includes a bolt body; the bolt body includes a free section and a fixed section; the fixed section extends into the grouting body; a bearing plate is arranged at the end of the fixed section extending into the grouting body , the bearing plate is used to convert the tensile force of the anchor rod into the pressure towards the free section and act on the grouting body; the sleeve is set outside the fixed section and poured in the grouting body; the fixed section moves inside the casing Setting; the blocking piece is sleeved on the fixed section to prevent the grouting body from flowing into the casing; and the bearing plate is installed on the blocking piece; the stopper is fixedly installed on the fixed section to limit the bearing plate. The invention improves the contact coupling relationship between the anchor bar tendons and the grouting body, and optimizes the stress mode of the grouting body; and the patented principle of the invention is simple, easy to operate, and has strong practicability, and is mainly used in slope reinforcement, In permanent projects such as tunnel protection, it plays an effective role in reducing engineering safety hazards.

Description

A pressure type basalt fiber anchor rod

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of slope support, in particular to a pressure-type basalt fiber bolt.

Background technique

In the existing permanent reinforcement projects for slopes such as slopes, the prestressed anchor frame reinforcement method is widely used. Prestressed anchor rods generally use high-strength finish-rolled threaded steel bars as the main force-bearing member. The rod body is composed of two parts: the anchor section and the free section. The anchor section is the force transmission part between the rod body and the slope body, which acts as a connection and fixation; The free segment transmits the prestress to the anchorage body and plays a tensioning role.

The main feature of this type of bolt is that the bolt is stretched through prestress. When the prestress is transferred to the anchor bolt of the anchor section, the anchor section exerts force on the grouting body of the anchor hole through the exposed anchor tendon body and transfers the prestress to the anchor bolt. Anchor hole slope walls and rock-soil bodies play a role in slope reinforcement. The prestress is transmitted to the anchorage section through the anchor rod, which is mainly realized by transferring the prestress through the stress deformation of the steel.

Since this type of bolt exists in the groundwater and soil corrosion environment for a long time, it inevitably has the defect of anti-corrosion problem. Since the grouting body is generally made of cement slurry or concrete pouring, its tensile strength performance is low, and the grouting body is prone to cracks under the action of tension. Due to the concealment of underground engineering, after the grouting body in the anchorage section cracks, the anchoring tendons are more likely to be corroded under the action of the corrosive medium, which affects the service life of the anchor rod. And then cause safety hazard to the stability of slope engineering.

Therefore, it is urgent to design a pressure-type basalt fiber bolt.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a pressure-type basalt fiber bolt to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following scheme: the present invention provides a pressure-type basalt fiber bolt, comprising a bolt body; the bolt body includes a free section and a fixed section; the fixed section extends into the injection In the plasma;

The bearing plate; the bearing plate is arranged at the end of the fixed section protruding into the grouting body, and the bearing plate is used to convert the tensile force of the anchor tendon body into a pressure towards the free section acting on the grouting body;

Sleeve; the sleeve is sleeved outside the fixed section and poured into the grouting body; the fixed section is movable in the sleeve;

A blocking member; the blocking member is sleeved on the fixed section to prevent the grouting body from flowing into the casing; and the bearing plate is installed on the blocking member;

A stopper; the stopper is fixedly installed on the fixed section, and is used for limiting the bearing plate.

A centering bracket is fixedly installed in the middle of the outer wall of the casing.

The length of the sleeve is not less than the length of the fixed section, and the length of the sleeve is less than the sum of the lengths of the free section and the fixed section.

The stopper is a first nut; the first nut is threadedly mounted on the end of the fixed section away from the free section; and the bearing plate abuts against the end surface of the first nut.

The stopper includes a second nut and a third nut; the second nut and the third nut are installed on the end of the fixed section away from the free section; and the bearing plate is arranged on the second between the nut and the third nut.

A binding strap is also provided; the binding strap is used to fix the positions of the bearing plate and the stopper.

The sleeve pipe adopts polyethylene plastic pipe or polypropylene plastic pipe.

An anchor is also installed at the end of the free section away from the fixed section.

The bolt tendons are made of basalt fiber material.

The invention discloses the following technical effects: the invention uses basalt fiber as the material of the anchor rod body, which improves the contact coupling relationship between the anchor rod rib body and the grouting body, and avoids the contact between the anchor rod rib body and the grouting body through the casing At the same time of quick setting, the bolt tendons are locked on the bearing plate; the stress mode of the grouting body is optimized, and the compressive characteristics of the bearing plate at the end of the fixed section are fully utilized to convert the tensile force on the grouting body into the bearing plate The pressure of the grouting body can effectively avoid the damage of the grouting body due to the force; the patent principle of the invention is simple, the operation is convenient, and the practicability is strong. It is mainly used in permanent projects such as slope reinforcement and tunnel protection, and can effectively reduce The role of safety hazards.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. Embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without paying creative labor.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the main view structure of the pressure type basalt fiber bolt of the present application;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the partial front view structure of the pressure type basalt fiber anchor provided with a nut for positioning the bearing plate of the present application;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the local front view structure of the pressure-type basalt fiber anchor provided with two nuts to fix the bearing plate of the present application;

Among them, 1. Anchor tendons; 11. Free section; 12. Fixed section; 2. Bearing plate; 3. Sleeve; 4. Centering bracket; 5. Anchor; Nut; 8, the second nut; 9, the third nut.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The invention provides a pressure-type basalt fiber bolt, which includes a bolt body 1; the bolt body 1 includes a free section 11 and a fixed section 12; the fixed section 12 extends into the grouting body;

Bearing plate 2; the bearing plate 2 is set at the end of the fixed section 12 extending into the grouting body, and the bearing plate 2 is used to convert the tensile force of the anchor bar tendon 1 into the pressure towards the free section 11 and act on the grouting body ;

Sleeve 3; the sleeve 3 is sleeved outside the fixed section 3 and poured in the grouting body; the fixed section 12 is movable in the sleeve 3;

The blocking part 6; the blocking part 6 is sleeved on the fixed section 12 to prevent the grouting body from flowing into the casing 3; and the bearing plate 2 is installed on the blocking part 6;

A stopper; the stopper is fixedly mounted on the fixed section 12 and is used to limit the position of the bearing plate 2 .

A centering bracket 4 is fixedly installed in the middle of the outer wall of the casing 3 .

In one embodiment of the present invention, the bearing plate 3 is provided with a through hole compatible with the anchor tendon body 1, and the end of the fixing section 12 is passed through the through hole.

In one embodiment of the invention,

The length of the sleeve 3 is not less than the length of the fixed section 12 , and the length of the sleeve 3 is less than the sum of the lengths of the free section 11 and the fixed section 12 .

The stopper is the first nut 7; the first nut 7 is threadedly mounted on the end of the fixed section 12 away from the free section 11;

The stopper includes a second nut 8 and a third nut 9; the second nut 8 and the third nut 9 are installed on the end of the fixed section 12 away from the free section 11; and the bearing plate 2 is arranged on the second nut 8 and the third nut 9 between the nuts 9.

A strap is also provided; the strap is used to fix the positions of the bearing plate 2 and the stopper.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the strap binds the bearing plate 2 with the first nut 7 or the second nut 8 and the third nut 9; prevents the first nut 7 or the second nut 8 and the third nut 9 from rotating and loosening.

Sleeve 3 adopts polyethylene plastic pipe or polypropylene plastic pipe.

An anchor 5 is also installed on the end of the free section 11 away from the fixed section 12 .

The anchor rod tendons 1 are made of basalt fiber material.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the anchor tendon body 1 also includes an outer anchoring section; the anchorage 5 is installed at the joint between the free section 11 and the outer anchoring section; a pressure bearing plate is also installed on the outer anchoring section, and the pressure bearing plate serves as The reaction force member of the outer anchorage section is set on the slope to protect the outer anchorage end, and at the same time, it is connected with the anchorage 5 to the support structure to fix the locking structure of the anchor rod;

Furthermore, basalt fiber, as the main material of the anchor rod, is a continuous fiber material drawn from natural basalt. After adding resin and auxiliary agent, it can be made into a new type of basalt fiber through winding, pultrusion, thermoplastic reinforcement and other processes. Anchor bolts make full use of the characteristics of basalt fiber corrosion resistance, high strength, light weight, fatigue resistance, and insulation; Utilize the compressive capacity of the grouting material, optimize the force of the grouting body, avoid problems such as cracks and water seepage due to the tension of the anchor bar tendon 1, prolong the service life of the anchor bar, and reduce engineering safety hazards; 3 The pipe is set on the fixed section 12 to separate the fixed section 12 from the grouting body, and the fixed section 12 can be telescopically moved inside the casing 3; the centering bracket 4 is arranged outside the casing 3 so that the anchor rod can be placed in the hole Inner center, play a fixed role;

Further, the bearing plate 2 is arranged at the end of the fixed section 12, and the bearing plate 2 converts the tensile force transmitted by the anchor tendon body 1 into the pressure towards the free section through its side facing the free section 11, and acts on the grouting body, It plays the role of changing the stress state and optimizing the force system of the rod. The bearing plate 2 is provided with a through hole that matches the anchor rib body 1 for fixing the anchor rod; the blocking member 6 is arranged on the bearing plate 2 The joint with the casing 3 is used to prevent the grouting slurry from entering the casing.

Further, the carrying plate 2 is a plate-shaped structure, and its edge shape can be round or square or other shapes. Those skilled in the art should understand that the end here is not limited to the end face of the fixing section 12, but also includes positions near the end face.

Further, while the casing 3 covers the anchor section 21, it also covers part or all of the free section 11, thereby isolating the free section 11 from the anchor hole of the rock wall/rock mass, avoiding friction, erosion, and other damage to the bolt tendons 1. A centering bracket 4 is provided on the outer side of the casing 3 . A blocking member 6 is also provided at the end of the casing 3 close to the bearing plate 2 , and the blocking member 6 is used to block the casing 3 to prevent the grouting slurry from entering the casing 3 .

Through the above structural settings, the bearing plate 2 at the end of the fixed section 12 transmits the tensile force transmitted by the anchor tendon 1 to the grouting body in the form of pressure through the side of the bearing plate 2 close to the free section 11, thereby changing the grouting body. Force method, so that the tensile force on the grouting body that is in direct contact with the exposed ribs and solidified is converted into the pressure of the bearing plate 2, and the grouting body cast from concrete has a strong compressive capacity, thereby optimizing the grouting. The stress of the slurry can avoid problems such as cracks and water seepage due to the tension of the anchor tendons, prolong the service life of the anchor, and reduce engineering safety hazards.

In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2 , the stopper may specifically be a first nut 7, and the outer circumference of the fixed section 12 near the end is provided with a screw thread adapted to the first nut 7, and the first nut 7 The end of the fixing section 12 is threaded, so that the stop bearing plate 2 falls off from the end. The end of the fixed section 12 is also provided with a binding band, and the bearing plate 2 is bound by the binding band to prevent the bearing plate 2 from moving to the free section, so that the bearing plate 2 is fixed on the end of the fixed section 12 . A specific binding method of the binding strap may be to bind the bearing plate 2 to the end of the fixing section 12 by iron wire or the like. The binding band can also bind the first nut 7, thereby preventing the first nut 7 from rotating and loosening. The method for loosening the first nut 7 can also be anti-loosening methods such as setting the top nut to prevent loosening, self-locking and preventing loosening, punching and loosening, and bonding and preventing loosening. However, opening holes at the ends of the first nut 7 and the fixing section 12 should be avoided as much as possible, and the nuts should be prevented from loosening by inserting pins in the holes, so as to avoid the impact of stress concentration on the anchor tendon 1 caused by a gap. service life.

In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3 , the stop member can also be a stop mechanism formed by the second nut 8 and the third nut 9 . The outer periphery of the fixed section 12 is provided with threads suitable for the second nut 8 and the third nut 9 near the end, and the second nut 8 and the third nut 9 are screwed into the end of the fixed section 12 by threads, and the bearing plate 2 It is clamped and fixed between the second nut 8 and the third nut 9 . This clamping and fixing method has a better and more reliable effect on fixing the load plate 2 at the end of the fixing section 12. Through the abutting action of the second nut 8 and the third nut 9, it can also effectively prevent the second nut 8 and the third nut 9. The third nut 9 becomes loose.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a performance test test of a pressure-type basalt fiber bolt:

(1) According to the test requirements, prepare a sufficient amount of basalt fiber bolt specimens with different material ratios and different bonding properties, and prepare soaking solutions with different pH values;

(2) Completely immerse the test pieces in acid and alkali in groups of 3, cover the container and put it in the incubator; stir the solution once a day; rinse each test piece with clean water after 30 days , and dry naturally; carry out tensile test on each group of test pieces, and record the data;

(3) At the anchor head of the test piece, a seamless steel pipe with a spiral outer wall is used to connect the test piece and the hydraulic jack; a tapered opening is set every 5 cm on the steel pipe wall, and the inner wall of the steel pipe is derusted and scored; Oxygen resin connects the steel pipe with the reinforcement;

(4) The preset maximum load Q is 150kN, the initial load is 10% Q, observe the dial gauge to add 10% Q step by step, and the test is terminated when the following conditions occur: The resulting displacement increment of the anchor head reaches or exceeds 2 times the displacement increment generated by the previous load; ②The displacement of the anchor head continues to increase; ③The anchor rod body is damaged.

The equipment includes hydraulic jack (QFZ200T-20b), hydraulic gauge (0-60MPa), electric oil pump (SYB-2), dial indicator (0-50mm), reference beam (2m), and chronograph.

Table 1 Loading scheme of bolt pulling experiment

Note: The functional relationship between oil pressure and load is: load (kN) = 37.31 × oil pressure (MPa) - 3.73

With 3 roots as a group, 6 groups of experiments were carried out. Taking the average value of the experimental results, the tensile strength of the anchor rod is shown in Table 2 and Table 3.

Table 2 Strength test results after soaking in acid solution

Table 3 Strength test results after soaking in alkaline solution

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or It should not be construed as limiting the invention by implying that a referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed, and operate in a particular orientation.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only to describe the preferred mode of the present invention, not to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various Variations and improvements should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A pressure-type basalt fiber bolt, characterized in that, comprising: An anchor bar tendon (1); the anchor bar tendon (1) includes a free section (11) and a fixed section (12); the fixed section (12) extends into the grouting body; The bearing plate (2); the bearing plate (2) is arranged at the end of the fixing section (12) extending into the grouting body, and the bearing plate (2) is used to attach the anchor bar tendon (1 ) is converted into a pressure towards the free section (11) and acts on the grouting body; Sleeve (3); the sleeve (3) is sleeved outside the fixed section (3) and poured into the grouting body; the fixed section (12) is movable inside the sleeve (3) set up; A blocking member (6); the blocking member (6) is sheathed on the fixed section (12) to prevent the grouting body from flowing into the casing (3); and the carrying The plate (2) is mounted on the blocking member (6); A stopper; the stopper is fixedly installed on the fixed section (12), and is used to limit the position of the bearing plate (2). 2. A pressure-type basalt fiber bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: a centering bracket (4) is fixedly installed in the middle of the outer wall of the casing (3). 3. A pressure-type basalt fiber bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the sleeve (3) is not less than the length of the fixed section (12), and the sleeve (3) ) is less than the sum of the lengths of the free segment (11) and the fixed segment (12). 4. A pressure-type basalt fiber bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stopper is a first nut (7); the first nut (7) is threadedly installed on the fixed section (12) The end portion away from the free section (11); and the bearing plate (2) abuts against the end surface of the first nut (7). 5. A pressure-type basalt fiber bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stopper includes a second nut (8) and a third nut (9); the second nut (8) and the third nut (9) are installed on the end of the fixed section (12) away from the free section (11); and the bearing plate (2) is arranged on the second nut (8) and the third between the nuts (9). 6. A pressure-type basalt fiber bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: a binding strap is also provided; the binding strap is used to fix the positions of the bearing plate (2) and the stopper. 7. A pressure-type basalt fiber bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: the casing (3) is a polyethylene plastic pipe or a polypropylene plastic pipe. 8. A pressure-type basalt fiber bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: the end of the free section (11) away from the fixed section (12) is also equipped with an anchor (5). 9. A pressure-type basalt fiber bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bolt body (1) is made of basalt fiber material.

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