CN115996548A - A rail vehicle heat dissipation system and its control method - Google Patents
A rail vehicle heat dissipation system and its control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种轨道车辆散热系统，包括空调系统，还包括第一风道，设于第一风道内的第一散热器；第二风道，设于第二风道内的第二散热器；用于收集雨水的集雨系统；冷却管，用于引导集雨系统收集的雨水和空调系统的冷凝水排至第一散热器和/或第二散热器的上风侧；散热回路，由第一散热器、第二散热器以及各发热部件的散热器依次连接构成；冷却介质，设于所述散热回路内；和驱动件，用于驱动所述冷却介质流动。由于采用了上述技术方案，与现有技术相比，本发明通过合理组织空调系统中的低温空气(空调废排空气)、冷凝水以及车顶收集的雨水，充分利用各介质的冷源对各散热器散热，不仅提高了轨道车辆的散热效果，还减少了散热系统的能耗。
The invention discloses a heat dissipation system for a rail vehicle, which includes an air conditioning system, and also includes a first air duct, a first radiator arranged in the first air duct; a second air duct, and a second radiator arranged in the second air duct ; The rain collection system for collecting rainwater; the cooling pipe, used to guide the rainwater collected by the rain collection system and the condensed water of the air conditioning system to be discharged to the windward side of the first radiator and/or the second radiator; the cooling circuit, composed of the first radiator A radiator, a second radiator and the radiators of each heat-generating component are connected in sequence; a cooling medium is arranged in the heat dissipation circuit; and a driving part is used to drive the cooling medium to flow. Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the present invention makes full use of the cold sources of each medium to each The heat dissipation of the radiator not only improves the heat dissipation effect of the rail vehicle, but also reduces the energy consumption of the heat dissipation system.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及机车散热技术领域，具体涉及一种轨道车辆散热系统及其控制方法。The invention relates to the technical field of locomotive heat dissipation, in particular to a rail vehicle heat dissipation system and a control method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
散热系统是轨道车辆的重要组成部分，它的作用是对轨道车辆上的各发热部件(主变压器、主变流柜、牵引电机等)进行冷却散热，确保轨道车辆的安全运行。随着科技技术的快速发展，轨道车辆上的变压器、变流器、牵引电机等电器的功率及功率密度不断增大，因而所需的散热冷却功率亦不断加大，若继续沿用传统的车载冷却塔，其散热量、体积、重量、噪声等都难以满足高品质机车的要求，因此如何解决机车不断增加的电器发热问题，是业界亟待解决的一个技术难点。The heat dissipation system is an important part of the rail vehicle. Its function is to cool and dissipate the heat-generating components (main transformer, main converter cabinet, traction motor, etc.) on the rail vehicle to ensure the safe operation of the rail vehicle. With the rapid development of science and technology, the power and power density of transformers, converters, traction motors and other electrical appliances on rail vehicles continue to increase, so the required heat dissipation and cooling power is also increasing. Tower, its heat dissipation, volume, weight, noise, etc. are difficult to meet the requirements of high-quality locomotives. Therefore, how to solve the problem of increasing electrical heating of locomotives is a technical difficulty that the industry needs to solve urgently.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了提高轨道车辆的散热效果，减少能耗，本发明提供一种轨道车辆散热系统，具体技术方案如下。In order to improve the heat dissipation effect of rail vehicles and reduce energy consumption, the present invention provides a heat dissipation system for rail vehicles, and the specific technical scheme is as follows.
提供一种轨道车辆散热系统，包括空调系统，还包括：A rail vehicle cooling system is provided, including an air conditioning system, further comprising:
第一风道，其设有第一进风口和第一出风口，第一进风口与空调系统的废气管连通，第一出风口与轨道车辆的室外连通；The first air duct is provided with a first air inlet and a first air outlet, the first air inlet communicates with the exhaust pipe of the air conditioning system, and the first air outlet communicates with the outdoor of the rail vehicle;
第一散热器，设于所述第一风道内；a first radiator, located in the first air duct;
第二风道，其设有第二进风口和第二出风口，第二进风口和第二出风口均与轨道车辆的室外连通；The second air duct is provided with a second air inlet and a second air outlet, and both the second air inlet and the second air outlet communicate with the outside of the rail vehicle;
第二散热器，设于所述第二风道内；a second radiator arranged in the second air duct;
集雨系统，位于轨道车辆顶部，用于收集雨水；rainwater harvesting system, located on top of the rail vehicle, to collect rainwater;
冷却管，用于引导所述集雨系统收集的雨水和所述空调系统的冷凝水排至所述第一散热器和/或所述第二散热器的上风侧；a cooling pipe for guiding the rainwater collected by the rain collection system and the condensed water of the air conditioning system to be discharged to the windward side of the first radiator and/or the second radiator;
散热回路，由所述第一散热器、第二散热器以及所述轨道车辆上各发热部件的散热器依次连接构成；The heat dissipation circuit is composed of the first radiator, the second radiator and the radiators of the heating components on the rail vehicle connected in sequence;
冷却介质，设于所述散热回路内；A cooling medium is arranged in the heat dissipation circuit;
和驱动件，用于驱动所述冷却介质流动。and a driving member for driving the cooling medium to flow.
上述结构通过合理组织空调系统中的低温空气(空调废排空气)、冷凝水以及车顶收集的雨水，充分利用各介质的冷源对各散热器散热，不仅提高了轨道车辆的散热效果，还减少了散热系统的能耗。The above structure rationally organizes the low-temperature air (exhausted air from the air-conditioning system), condensed water and rainwater collected on the roof of the air-conditioning system, and makes full use of the cold sources of various media to dissipate heat from each radiator, which not only improves the heat dissipation effect of the rail vehicle, but also Reduced energy consumption of the cooling system.
在一些实施例中，所述冷却管包括第一冷却管、第二冷却管、第三冷却管和三通阀；所述第一冷却管的一端分别与所述集雨系统的出水口以及所述空调系统的冷凝水出水口连通，另一端通过所述三通阀分别与所述第二冷却管、第三冷却管的进水口连接；所述第二冷却管的出水口位于所述第一散热器的上风侧，所述第三冷却管的出水口位于所述第二散热器的上风侧。In some embodiments, the cooling pipe includes a first cooling pipe, a second cooling pipe, a third cooling pipe and a three-way valve; one end of the first cooling pipe is respectively connected to the water outlet of the rain collection system and the The condensed water outlet of the air conditioning system is connected, and the other end is respectively connected to the water inlet of the second cooling pipe and the third cooling pipe through the three-way valve; the water outlet of the second cooling pipe is located in the first On the windward side of the radiator, the water outlet of the third cooling pipe is located on the windward side of the second radiator.
上述结构通过将第二冷却管的出水口设于第一散热器的上风侧，将第三冷却管的出水口设于第二散热器的上风侧，使得冷凝水、雨水与空气的混合物与第一、二散热器直接接触，增加散热效率。In the above structure, the water outlet of the second cooling pipe is set on the windward side of the first radiator, and the water outlet of the third cooling pipe is set on the windward side of the second radiator, so that the mixture of condensed water, rainwater and air can be mixed with the first radiator. The first and second heat sinks are in direct contact to increase heat dissipation efficiency.
在一些实施例中，所述散热回路上设有散热旁路和切换件，所述切换件用于使所述冷却介质流经所述第一散热器或流经所述散热旁路以绕开所述第一散热器。In some embodiments, the heat dissipation circuit is provided with a heat dissipation bypass and a switch, and the switch is used to make the cooling medium flow through the first radiator or flow through the heat dissipation bypass to bypass the first radiator.
为防止车外未过滤的环境风进入客室污染客室内空气，以及保证客室车门在停车时可以打开，在一些实施例中，还包括控制器和设于第一风道内的第一风机，所述控制器用于控制所述第一风机的转速以使轨道车辆的室内气压略高于轨道车辆的室外气压。In order to prevent the unfiltered ambient wind outside the car from entering the passenger compartment to pollute the air in the passenger compartment, and to ensure that the passenger compartment door can be opened when parking, in some embodiments, a controller and a first fan arranged in the first air duct are also included. The controller is used to control the rotation speed of the first fan so that the indoor air pressure of the rail vehicle is slightly higher than the outdoor air pressure of the rail vehicle.
在一些实施例中，还包括设于第二风道内的第二风机，所述控制器用于控制所述第二风机的转速以使轨道车辆散热系统满足轨道车辆上各发热部件的散热需求。In some embodiments, it also includes a second fan arranged in the second air duct, and the controller is used to control the rotation speed of the second fan so that the rail vehicle heat dissipation system meets the heat dissipation requirements of the heat generating components on the rail vehicle.
由于车顶空间有限，在一些实施例中，所述第一风道和第二风道均设于所述轨道车辆的底部。Due to the limited roof space, in some embodiments, both the first air duct and the second air duct are arranged at the bottom of the rail vehicle.
又一方面，提供一种上述轨道车辆散热系统的控制方法，包括如下步骤：In yet another aspect, a method for controlling the heat dissipation system of the above-mentioned rail vehicle is provided, comprising the following steps:
当空调系统为制冷模式时，使所述冷却管中的液体排至所述第一散热器的上风侧；When the air conditioning system is in cooling mode, the liquid in the cooling pipe is discharged to the windward side of the first radiator;
当空调系统为制热模式时，使所述冷却管中的液体排至所述第二散热器的上风侧。When the air conditioning system is in the heating mode, the liquid in the cooling pipe is discharged to the windward side of the second radiator.
当空调系统为制冷模式时空调排废气温度较低，此时可利用空调排废气对第一散热器中的冷却介质进行降温，利用车外空气对第二散热器中的冷却介质进行降温。又由于第一散热器相对于第二散热器位于散热回路的上游，第一散热器内冷却介质的温度高于第二散热器内冷却介质的温度，因此将冷却管中的液体排至所述第一散热器的上风侧可以得到最佳散热效果。当空调系统为制热模式时空调排废气温度较高，不宜用于散热，因此将冷却管中的液体排至所述第二散热器的上风侧。When the air-conditioning system is in cooling mode, the exhaust gas temperature of the air conditioner is low. At this time, the exhaust gas of the air conditioner can be used to cool down the cooling medium in the first radiator, and the outside air can be used to cool down the cooling medium in the second radiator. And because the first radiator is located at the upstream of the cooling circuit relative to the second radiator, the temperature of the cooling medium in the first radiator is higher than the temperature of the cooling medium in the second radiator, so the liquid in the cooling pipe is discharged to the The windward side of the first radiator can obtain the best heat dissipation effect. When the air-conditioning system is in the heating mode, the temperature of the air-conditioning exhaust gas is relatively high, which is not suitable for heat dissipation. Therefore, the liquid in the cooling pipe is discharged to the windward side of the second radiator.
在一些实施例中，当空调系统为制冷模式时，使散热回路内的冷却介质流经所述第一散热器；当空调系统为制热模式时，使散热回路内的冷却介质流经所述散热旁路以绕开所述第一散热器。由于当空调系统为制热模式时空调排废气温度较高，不宜用于散热，因此使散热回路内的冷却介质流经所述散热旁路以绕开所述第一散热器，从而切除第一散热器。In some embodiments, when the air conditioning system is in the cooling mode, the cooling medium in the heat dissipation circuit is made to flow through the first radiator; when the air conditioning system is in the heating mode, the cooling medium in the heat dissipation circuit is made to flow through the first radiator A thermal bypass bypasses the first radiator. When the air-conditioning system is in the heating mode, the temperature of the air-conditioning exhaust gas is high and it is not suitable for heat dissipation. Therefore, the cooling medium in the heat dissipation circuit flows through the heat dissipation bypass to bypass the first radiator, thereby cutting off the first radiator. heat sink.
在一些实施例中，当空调系统为制冷模式时，控制第二风机的转速以使轨道车辆散热系统满足轨道车辆上各发热部件的散热需求；当空调系统为制热模式时，使第一风机停止工作，并控制第二风机的转速以使轨道车辆散热系统满足轨道车辆上各发热部件的散热需求；所述第一风机设于所述第一风道内，所述第二风机设于所述第二风道内。In some embodiments, when the air-conditioning system is in the cooling mode, the speed of the second fan is controlled so that the rail vehicle heat dissipation system meets the heat dissipation requirements of the heat-generating components on the rail vehicle; when the air-conditioning system is in the heating mode, the first fan is controlled to stop working, and control the speed of the second fan so that the rail vehicle cooling system can meet the heat dissipation requirements of each heating component on the rail vehicle; the first fan is arranged in the first air duct, and the second fan is arranged in the In the second air duct.
为防止车外未过滤的环境风进入客室污染客室内空气，以及保证客室车门在停车时可以打开，在一些实施例中，当空调系统为制冷模式时，若轨道车辆的车速＜5KM/H，使第一风机停止工作；若轨道车辆的车速≥5KM/H，控制第一风机的转速以使轨道车辆的室内气压略高于轨道车辆的室外气压。In order to prevent the unfiltered ambient wind outside the vehicle from entering the passenger compartment to pollute the air in the passenger compartment, and to ensure that the passenger compartment door can be opened when parking, in some embodiments, when the air conditioning system is in cooling mode, if the speed of the rail vehicle is <5KM/H, Make the first fan stop working; if the speed of the rail vehicle is ≥ 5KM/H, control the rotating speed of the first fan so that the indoor air pressure of the rail vehicle is slightly higher than the outdoor air pressure of the rail vehicle.
本申请实施例中提供的一个或多个技术方案，至少具有如下技术效果或优点：One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
1、通过合理组织空调系统中的低温空气(空调废排空气)、冷凝水以及车顶收集的雨水，充分利用各介质的冷源对各散热器散热，不仅提高了轨道车辆的散热效果，还减少了散热系统的能耗。1. By rationally organizing the low-temperature air in the air-conditioning system (air-conditioning exhaust air), condensed water and rainwater collected on the roof, and making full use of the cold sources of various media to dissipate heat from each radiator, it not only improves the heat dissipation effect of rail vehicles, but also Reduced energy consumption of the cooling system.
2、通过使冷凝水、雨水与空气的混合物与第一、二散热器直接接触，增加散热效率。2. By making the mixture of condensed water, rainwater and air directly contact with the first and second radiators, the heat dissipation efficiency is increased.
3、通过控制第一风机的转速以使轨道车辆的室内气压略高于轨道车辆的室外气压，防止车外未过滤的环境风进入客室污染客室内空气，并保证客室车门在停车时可以打开。3. By controlling the speed of the first fan, the indoor air pressure of the rail vehicle is slightly higher than the outdoor air pressure of the rail vehicle, preventing the unfiltered ambient wind outside the vehicle from entering the passenger compartment to pollute the air in the passenger compartment, and ensuring that the passenger compartment door can be opened when the vehicle is parked.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本申请一实施例中轨道车辆散热系统在制冷模式下的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a rail vehicle heat dissipation system in cooling mode in an embodiment of the present application;
图2为本申请一实施例中轨道车辆散热系统在制热模式下的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rail vehicle cooling system in a heating mode in an embodiment of the present application.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了更好的理解上述技术方案，下面将结合说明书附图以及具体的实施方式对上述技术方案进行详细的说明。In order to better understand the above-mentioned technical solution, the above-mentioned technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.
实施例一Embodiment one
参见图1和图2，一种轨道车辆散热系统，包括空调系统，还包括：Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a rail vehicle cooling system, including an air conditioning system, also includes:
第一风道1，设于轨道车辆的底部，其设有第一进风口和第一出风口，第一进风口与空调系统的废气管连通，第一出风口与轨道车辆的室外连通；The first air duct 1 is located at the bottom of the rail vehicle, and is provided with a first air inlet and a first air outlet, the first air inlet communicates with the exhaust pipe of the air conditioning system, and the first air outlet communicates with the outdoor of the rail vehicle;
第一散热器2，设于所述第一风道1内；The
第二风道3，设于轨道车辆的底部，其设有第二进风口和第二出风口，第二进风口和第二出风口均与轨道车辆的室外连通；The
第二散热器4，设于所述第二风道3内；The second radiator 4 is arranged in the
集雨系统，位于轨道车辆顶部，用于收集雨水；rainwater harvesting system, located on top of the rail vehicle, to collect rainwater;
冷却管，包括第一冷却管51、第二冷却管52、第三冷却管53和三通阀54；所述第一冷却管51的一端分别与所述集雨系统的出水口以及所述空调系统的冷凝水出水口连通，另一端通过所述三通阀54分别与所述第二冷却管52、第三冷却管53的进水口连接；所述第二冷却管52的出水口位于所述第一散热器2的上风侧，所述第三冷却管53的出水口位于所述第二散热器4的上风侧。其中，上风侧指的是风吹向物体的一侧。Cooling pipes, including a first cooling pipe 51, a second cooling pipe 52, a third cooling pipe 53 and a three-way valve 54; one end of the first cooling pipe 51 is connected to the water outlet of the rain collection system and the air conditioner respectively. The condensed water outlet of the system is communicated, and the other end is respectively connected with the water inlets of the second cooling pipe 52 and the third cooling pipe 53 through the three-way valve 54; the water outlet of the second cooling pipe 52 is located at the On the windward side of the
散热回路，由所述第一散热器2、第二散热器4以及所述轨道车辆上各发热部件的散热器6依次连接构成；散热回路上设有散热旁路7和切换件71，所述切换件71用于使所述冷却介质流经所述第一散热器2或流经所述散热旁路7以绕开所述第一散热器2。本实施例中，切换件71为设于第一散热器2两端的三通阀。The heat dissipation circuit is composed of the
冷却介质，设于所述散热回路内；A cooling medium is arranged in the heat dissipation circuit;
驱动件8，用于驱动所述冷却介质流动。本实施例中，驱动件8为水泵。The driving
第一风机9，设于第一风道1内；The
第二风机10，设于第二风道3内；The
控制器，用于控制所述第一风机9的转速以使轨道车辆的室内气压略高于轨道车辆的室外气压；用于控制所述第二风机10的转速以使轨道车辆散热系统满足轨道车辆上各发热部件的散热需求。The controller is used to control the speed of the
本实施例中，通过如下方法控制所述第一风机9的转速以使轨道车辆的室内气压略高于轨道车辆的室外气压：在车内、外设置压力传感器来获取轨道车辆的室内、外压力，通过控制第一风机9的转速以使轨道车辆的室内气压略高于轨道车辆的室外气压，即当室内气压低于室外气压时，降低第一风机9的转速直至室内气压略高于室外气压。In this embodiment, the speed of the
本实施例中，通过如下方法控制所述第二风机10的转速以使轨道车辆散热系统满足轨道车辆上各发热部件的散热需求：在第二散热器4与轨道车辆上各发热部件的散热器6之间的散热回路上设置温度传感器来获取第二散热器4的出口温度T1，通过控制所述第二风机10的转速使得T1≤T2，其中T2是发热部件要求的冷却介质的最高温度。当T1＞T2时，增大第二风机10的转速以使T1≤T2。In this embodiment, the speed of the
实施例二Embodiment two
一种实施例一中轨道车辆散热系统的控制方法，包括如下步骤：A method for controlling the cooling system of a rail vehicle in Embodiment 1, comprising the steps of:
当空调系统为制冷模式时，使所述冷却管中的液体排至所述第一散热器的上风侧，使散热回路内的冷却介质流经所述第一散热器；控制第二风机的转速以使轨道车辆散热系统满足轨道车辆上各发热部件的散热需求，如图1所示。此时若轨道车辆的车速＜5KM/H，则使第一风机停止工作；若轨道车辆的车速≥5KM/H，则控制第一风机的转速以使轨道车辆的室内气压略高于轨道车辆的室外气压。When the air conditioning system is in cooling mode, the liquid in the cooling pipe is discharged to the windward side of the first radiator, and the cooling medium in the cooling circuit flows through the first radiator; the speed of the second fan is controlled In order to make the rail vehicle heat dissipation system meet the heat dissipation requirements of each heating component on the rail vehicle, as shown in Figure 1. If the speed of rail vehicle < 5KM/H, then make the first fan stop working; If the speed of rail vehicle ≥ 5KM/H, then control the rotating speed of the first fan so that the indoor air pressure of rail vehicle is slightly higher than that of rail vehicle outside air pressure.
当空调系统为制热模式时，使所述冷却管中的液体排至所述第二散热器的上风侧，使散热回路内的冷却介质流经所述散热旁路以绕开所述第一散热器；使第一风机停止工作，并控制第二风机的转速以使轨道车辆散热系统满足轨道车辆上各发热部件的散热需求。如图2所示。When the air conditioning system is in the heating mode, the liquid in the cooling pipe is discharged to the windward side of the second radiator, and the cooling medium in the heat dissipation circuit flows through the heat dissipation bypass to bypass the first radiator. Radiator: stop the first fan and control the speed of the second fan so that the cooling system of the rail vehicle can meet the heat dissipation requirements of the heating components on the rail vehicle. as shown in
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be Modifications are made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.
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